Vertebrates
Abdulla Alsubai
6D
Vertebrates
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone. Backbones
are the bones that are located at the end of your back.
Some examples of vertebrates are …fish, amphibians,
reptiles, mammals, and birds.
Invertebrates are spiders and insects because they don’t
have a back bone.
fish
Gills for breathing
Scales for protection
Slimy skin
fins
Thousand of eggs
Some fish can swim backwards.
The diet of the flying fish mainly consists of small crustaceans and planktons.
Stingrays use electric sensors to find food. This enables it to find its prey even if it is
burried in the sand.
The flying fish are attracted to light. This habit allows fishermen to catch them easily.
At night many Parrotfish secrete and then sleep inside a mucous cocoon. This cocoon
protects it from parastes and snails, also helps it warn about the presence of predators
and adds a horrible taste and smell to the parrot fish thus keeping the predators at a safe
distance.
Some fish species are able to change their sex. Clown fish is a classic example of this, they
are all born males and the dominant males change their sex during the course of life.
Bettas breathe air. If they don't breathe air they will drown.
Male betta fish builds a bubble nest for the arrival of eggs.
The Salmon fish spends most of its time in the ocean but comes back to the freshwater
for spawning.
Oils from orange rough which is a deep-sea fish, are used in making shampoos.
Amphibians
Slimy skin
Fish tale when young
Four legs when adult
Toad live in water
Adults live on land
Lay eggs in water
Hundred or so eggs
Amphibian facts
What Makes an Amphibian?
Amphibians are animals that live part of their lives in water
and part on land. They usually have soft, moist skin that is
protected by a slippery layer of mucus. They also tend to
live in moist places or near water to keep their bodies from
drying out. There are three main groups of amphibians:
caecilians; salamanders, newts, and mudpuppies; and frogs
and toads.
Reptiles
Dry leathery skin
Small brains
Several dozen of eggs
Cold blooded
Facts about Reptiles Reptiles are
found in every continent except
Antarctica.
Reptiles have existed for more than 300 million years.
There are more than 8000 reptile species in the world.
Reptiles are lizards, snakes, turtles, and crocodiles as well as the lesser-known groups of
tuataras.
Reptiles have scales or horny plates that cover their body.
You will often find reptiles lying in the sun on rocks and logs.
They can rarely breath underwater.
Reptiles are called cold-blooded because they can't regulate their own body temperature.
Their body temperature is dependent on the external temperature.
Most reptiles lay eggs which have leathery shells that are resistant to drying.
Birds
Feathers
Beak besides teeth (they don’t chew)
Dozen or so eggs
Bird facts
Birds have feathers, wings, lay eggs and are warm blooded.
There are around 10000 different species of birds worldwide.
The Ostrich is the largest bird in the world. It also lays the largest eggs
and has the fastest maximum running speed (97 kph).
Scientists believe that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs.
Birds have hollow bones which help them fly.
Some bird species are intelligent enough to create and use tools.
The chicken is the most common species of bird found in the world.
Mammals
Dry fur
No eggs
Milk provided for youngsters
4 limbs
Facts about mammals
Mammals are warm-blooded animals with hair on their
bodies. They also give birth to live young. Well, most of them
do, the duck billed platypus and 2 kinds of echidna are mammals
but they lay eggs. Because the platypus and the echidna can do
this they are called monotremes. What is an echidna? these are
also known as Spiny Anteaters.
There are all sorts of mammals in the world including
kangaroos, dogs, gorillas, and cats. Even the mighty king of the
sea, the blue whale, is really a mammal. Let’s discover some more
facts about some unusual mammals.
Platypus
The Platypus has Eukaryotic cells with membrane
bound organelles.
The Platypus responds to stimuli and are multicelluar
organisms
The Platypus has a ventral nerve cord, pharyngeal slits
and a tail. There are also three subphyla of Chordata, the
Platypus belongs in the Vertebrata.
The Platypus produces milk for the young through
mammary glands like all mammals. It also is warm
blooded and has three specialized bones in the ear for
hearing, also it has no visible ears.
A monotreme is simply a mammal that produces young
by eggs instead of having live-birth.
Platypuses
Bibliography
http://kids.sandiegozoo.org/animals/amphibians
http://www.factsnfacts.com/living_beings_facts/marine_lif
e_facts/fish/
• http://www.buzzle.com/articles/facts-about-reptiles.html
• http://styledip.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/fish-2.jpg
• http://crazyfrogss.com/wpcontent/uploads/2011/08/Amphibians.jpg
Bibliography
http://www.kidport.com/reflib/science/animals/Images/Li
zard.JPG
http://www.clipartlab.com/promo/mammals.gif
http://www.thekidswindow.co.uk/News/Marvellous_Mam
mals.htm
http://www.dandare.org/FreeFun/Images/CartoonsMoviesTV/MonstersIn
cForTheBirdsWallpaper1024.jpg
Bibliography
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/animals/bird.ht
ml
http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/medialive/photos/000/006/cache/platypus_662_600x450.jpg