8A Living Environment Trimester 2 Exam Overview
Unit 5: Cell Energetics
 Cellular respiration
o What are the products and reactants?
o What are the three stages, and how many ATP molecules are produced at each
stage?
o Where does each stage take place?
 Photosynthesis
o What are the products and reactants?
o Where does photosynthesis take place?
 Aerobic respiration v. anaerobic respiration
o How much ATP is produced by each?
 Structures of a plant
o vascular tissue—xylem and phloem
o cuticle—stomata and guard cells
Unit 6: Body Systems
 Digestive system
o Chemical v. mechanical digestion
o Where does the digestion of each macromolecule start and end?
o What is the path of food through the digestive system?
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o What enzymes are involved, and where are these enzymes produced?
Circulatory system
o How does exercise affect heart rate?
o Path of blood flow through the heart and body (systemic and pulmonary
circulation)
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o Be able to identify the chambers of the heart and blood vessels
o Arteries v. veins
Respiratory system
o How does exercise affect breathing rate?
o Path of air through the body
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o How do alveoli facilitate gas exchange in the lungs?
Excretory system
o What are the main organs of the excretory system?
o What is the primary function of the excretory system?
o What are the waste products of excretion?
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o What are some indicators of a malfunction of the excretory system?
 urine color, glucose/protein in the urine
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Skeletal/Muscular system
o What are the main functions of the skeletal system?
Locomotion
o What are cilia, flagella, and pseudopods?
o Which organisms use the above structures for locomotion?
Nervous/Endocrine system
o What is a stimulus? What is a response?
o What do neurotransmitters do?
o What is an effector?
o What is the fight or flight response?
o What is a neuron? What role does a neuron play in the nervous system?
o What are the functions of the following hormones?
 insulin
 adrenaline
 estrogen & progesterone
 testosterone