Efficient XML Interchange (EXI)
John Schneider
john.schneider@agiledelta.com
http://www.agiledelta.com
“POWER TO THE EDGE”
Great Moments
in Evolution
XML is Everywhere
ABN-AMRO Bank
Access
Access Company Limited
Acuity
Adobe Systems Inc.
AGF.SI
Agfa Division, Bayer Corp.
AgileDelta, Inc.
Agile Software
Agranat Systems, Inc.
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche
Alfa-Omega Foundation
Aliaron, Inc.
Alis Technologies, Inc.
Allaire Corporation
America Online, Inc.
American Express
AND Data Ltd
AND-USA, Inc.
APACS
Aplix Corporation
Apple Computer, Inc.
ArborText, Inc.
Architecture Projects Management Ltd.
Ardent Software, Inc.
ArrowPoint Communications
Art Technology Group
Asymetrix Corporation
AT&T
Attachmate Corporation
Autodesk, Inc.
BackWeb Technologies, Inc.
British Broadcasting Corporation
BEA Systems, Inc.
BELGACOM
Bitstream, Inc.
Bluestone Software
The Boeing Company
Bow Street, Inc.
Bowne Internet Solutions
University of Bristol
British Telecommunications Laboratories
Bull S.A.
Calico Technology, Inc.
Canal +
Canal/Web
Canon, Inc.
Cap Gemini Innovation
CCTA
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)
Center for Telematics and Information Technology (CTIT)
Centraal Corporation
CERN
China Times Interactive Co., Ltd.
Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd.
Cisco Systems
CiTEC
CITIBANK, N.A.
CNET - The Computer Network
CNR--Instituto Elaborazione dellInformazione
CNRS
Coalition for Networked Information
COLLEGIS Research Institute
Commerce One
CommerceNet
Corel Corporation
Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
(CCL)
Crystaliz, Inc.
CSIRO Australia
CyberCash, Inc.
Daewoo Electronics Company
Data Channel
Data Interchange Standards Association, Inc. (DISA)
Data Research Associates, Inc.
Datafusion, Inc.
Datalogics, Incorporated
Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA)
Department of Communications, Information Technology
and the Arts
Deutsche Telekom - Online Service GmbH (T-Online)
DFN Verein
Digital Vision Laboratories Corporation
Direct Marketing Association, Inc.
Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC Pty Ltd)
DoubleClick
E-centre UK
Eastman Kodak Company
EC Cubed, Inc.
École Nationale Supérieure dInformatique et de
Mathématiques Appliquées (ENSIMAG)
University of Edinburgh (HCRC Language Technology
Group)
EEIG/ERCIM
Electricité de France
Electronic Network Consortium
ENEL
Engage Technologies
Enigma
ENN Corporation
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epicentric, Inc.
Eprise Corporation
ERICSSON
Ernst & Young LLP
ETNOTEAM S.p.A.
EUnet International BV
Excosoft
Federal Geographic Data Committee
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
FIZ Karlsruhe (FachInformationsZentrum)
Forschungszentrum Informatik (FZI)
Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
France Telecom
Fraunhofer IGD
Fretwell-Downing Data Systems Ltd.
FSTC (Financial Services Technology Consortium)
Fujitsu Limited
Fulcrum Technologies, Inc.
GE Information Services, Inc.
GEMPLUS
General Magic, Inc.
GEO Interactive Media Group Ltd.
George Washington University
Geoworks
GlobeID Software
GMD National Research Center for Information Technology
Graphic Communications Association
Grenoble Network Initiative
Groove Networks, Inc.
Groupe ESC Grenoble
GTW Associates
Harlequin Inc.
Health Level Seven, Inc.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Helsinki Telephone Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
Hitachi, Ltd.
Hong Kong Jockey Club
Hong Kong Productivity Council
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
HTML Writers Guild, Inc.
Hyperwave Information Management, Ges. m.b.H.
IBERDROLA S.A.
IBM Corporation
IBM Taiwan Corporation
IEEE Computer Society
ILOG, S.A.
IMALL
IMG SRC, Inc.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Infopartners
Information Broadcasting Laboratories, Inc. (IB Labs)
Infoteria, Inc.
Innosoft International Inc.
Inso Corporation, Providence
Institut Franco-Russe A.M. Liapunov
Intel Corporation
Intelink Management Office (IMO)
Interleaf, Inc.
Intermind
The International DOI Foundation
International Integrated Systems, Inc.
Internet Lawyers Conference (ILC)
Interval Research Corporation
Intraspect Software, Inc.
iReady Corporation
JetForm
Joint Info. Systems Comm. of the UK Higher Ed. Funding
Council
KnowledgeCite, Inc.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lexmark International, Inc.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lotus Development Corporation
Lucent Technologies
MacKichan Software, Inc.
Macromedia
Marimba, Inc.
MatchLogic, Inc.
Matra Hachette
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (MEI)
MBED Software
MedicalData Service GmbH
Merrill Lynch
Metropolitan Police Service
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
(MCC)
Microsoft Corporation
Microstar Software Ltd.
Microsystems Software, Inc.
Motorola
MindQuake Interactive, Inc.
MITRE Corporation
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Motorola
MTA SZTAKI
NASA Ames Research Center
National Chiao Tung University
National Security Agency (NSA)
National University of Singapore
NCompass Labs, Inc.
NCR
NEC Corporation
NETAWAY
Netscape Communications
NetStudio Corporation
Network Computer, Inc. (NCI)
Network Solutions
University of New South Wales
NHS (National Health Service, UK)
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. (NTT)
NOKIA Corporation
Nortel
Novell, Inc.
NTT Data Corporation
NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (NTT DoCoMo)
OReilly & Associates, Inc.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Object Design
Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG)
Object Services and Consulting, Inc.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc.)
OmniMark Technologies Corporation
ONION S.p.A.
The Open Group
Open Market, Inc.
Open Software Associates, Inc.
Open Text Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Pacific Softworks
Paradigm Development Corporation
Partners HealthCare System, Inc.
Pencom Web Works
Perspecta, Inc.
Pervasive Software
Philips Electronic N.V.
Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Poet Software Corporation
PointCast Incorporated
Pretty Good Privacy, Inc.
The Productivity Works, Inc.
Qualcomm Inc.
Quark, Inc.
Rapid Logic, Inc.
Raptor Systems, Inc.
RealNetworks
Reed Elsevier
Reuters Limited
Rivcom
Riverland Holding NV/SA
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)
S.W.I.F.T. sc
SAIC/Bellcore
Sandpiper Networks, Inc.
SAP AG
SBC Technology Resources
Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.
Segue Software
Sema Group
Sharp Corporation
SICS
Sitara Networks, Inc.
Snap
SoftQuad Software, Inc.
Software AG
Software Publishers Association (SPA)
Sonnetech, Ltd.
Sony Corporation
University of Southampton
Speech Works International, Inc.
Spyglass, Inc.
Sqribe Technologies
StarBurst Communications
Strategic Interactive Group
Stuart McIntosh
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
surfCONTROL
SURFnet bv
Swedish Institute for Systems Development (SISU)
Sybase, Inc.
Synth-Bank
Tandem Computers, a division of Compaq
Technische Universitat Graz
Teknema Corporation
Telecom Colombia
Telecom Italia
Texcel Group
The Thomson Corporation
TIAA-CREF
TNO Multimedia and Telecommunications
Toshiba Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
Trilogy Technologies, Inc.
TRUSTe
2Bridge Software
UKERNA
UNI.C
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Unwired Planet
UWI.Com
Veon, Inc.
VeriSign, Inc.
Verity, Inc.
Victor Data Systems Co., Ltd.
Vignette Corporation
Visio Corporation
VTT Information Technology
Wall Data Incorporated
Waterloo Maple
webMethods, Inc.
WebTV Networks Inc.
WinWriters
Wolfram Research, Inc.
worldweb
WWW - KR
Xerox Corporation
Xionics Document Technologies, Inc.
Intel Sony
IBM
Novell
Mozilla
AT&T Cisco
Microsoft
BEA
Apache RIM
Corel
Oracle
Sun Nokia Sybase
Google
HP
Palm
Adobe Macromedia
Universal adoption, thriving community, fantastic products, rapid innovation
XML is Everywhere
ABN-AMRO Bank
Access
Access Company Limited
Acuity
Adobe Systems Inc.
AGF.SI
Agfa Division, Bayer Corp.
AgileDelta, Inc.
Agile Software
Agranat Systems, Inc.
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche
Alfa-Omega Foundation
Aliaron, Inc.
Alis Technologies, Inc.
Allaire Corporation
America Online, Inc.
American Express
AND Data Ltd
AND-USA, Inc.
APACS
Aplix Corporation
Apple Computer, Inc.
ArborText, Inc.
Architecture Projects Management Ltd.
Ardent Software, Inc.
ArrowPoint Communications
Art Technology Group
Asymetrix Corporation
AT&T
Attachmate Corporation
Autodesk, Inc.
BackWeb Technologies, Inc.
British Broadcasting Corporation
BEA Systems, Inc.
BELGACOM
Bitstream, Inc.
Bluestone Software
The Boeing Company
Bow Street, Inc.
Bowne Internet Solutions
University of Bristol
British Telecommunications Laboratories
Bull S.A.
Calico Technology, Inc.
Canal +
Canal/Web
Canon, Inc.
Cap Gemini Innovation
CCTA
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)
Center for Telematics and Information Technology (CTIT)
Centraal Corporation
CERN
China Times Interactive Co., Ltd.
Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd.
Cisco Systems
CiTEC
CITIBANK, N.A.
CNET - The Computer Network
CNR--Instituto Elaborazione dellInformazione
CNRS
Coalition for Networked Information
COLLEGIS Research Institute
Commerce One
CommerceNet
Corel Corporation
Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
(CCL)
Crystaliz, Inc.
CSIRO Australia
CyberCash, Inc.
Daewoo Electronics Company
Data Channel
Data Interchange Standards Association, Inc. (DISA)
Data Research Associates, Inc.
Datafusion, Inc.
Datalogics, Incorporated
Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA)
Department of Communications, Information Technology
and the Arts
Deutsche Telekom - Online Service GmbH (T-Online)
DFN Verein
Digital Vision Laboratories Corporation
Direct Marketing Association, Inc.
Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC Pty Ltd)
DoubleClick
E-centre UK
Eastman Kodak Company
EC Cubed, Inc.
École Nationale Supérieure dInformatique et de
Mathématiques Appliquées (ENSIMAG)
University of Edinburgh (HCRC Language Technology
Group)
EEIG/ERCIM
Electricité de France
Electronic Network Consortium
ENEL
Engage Technologies
Enigma
ENN Corporation
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epicentric, Inc.
Eprise Corporation
ERICSSON
Ernst & Young LLP
ETNOTEAM S.p.A.
EUnet International BV
Excosoft
Federal Geographic Data Committee
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
FIZ Karlsruhe (FachInformationsZentrum)
Forschungszentrum Informatik (FZI)
Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
France Telecom
Fraunhofer IGD
Fretwell-Downing Data Systems Ltd.
FSTC (Financial Services Technology Consortium)
Fujitsu Limited
Fulcrum Technologies, Inc.
GE Information Services, Inc.
GEMPLUS
General Magic, Inc.
GEO Interactive Media Group Ltd.
George Washington University
Geoworks
GlobeID Software
GMD National Research Center for Information Technology
Graphic Communications Association
Grenoble Network Initiative
Groove Networks, Inc.
Groupe ESC Grenoble
GTW Associates
Harlequin Inc.
Health Level Seven, Inc.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Helsinki Telephone Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
Hitachi, Ltd.
Hong Kong Jockey Club
Hong Kong Productivity Council
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
HTML Writers Guild, Inc.
Hyperwave Information Management, Ges. m.b.H.
IBERDROLA S.A.
IBM Corporation
IBM Taiwan Corporation
IEEE Computer Society
ILOG, S.A.
IMALL
IMG SRC, Inc.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Infopartners
Information Broadcasting Laboratories, Inc. (IB Labs)
Infoteria, Inc.
Innosoft International Inc.
Inso Corporation, Providence
Institut Franco-Russe A.M. Liapunov
Intel Corporation
Intelink Management Office (IMO)
Interleaf, Inc.
Intermind
The International DOI Foundation
International Integrated Systems, Inc.
Internet Lawyers Conference (ILC)
Interval Research Corporation
Intraspect Software, Inc.
iReady Corporation
JetForm
Joint Info. Systems Comm. of the UK Higher Ed. Funding
Council
KnowledgeCite, Inc.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lexmark International, Inc.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lotus Development Corporation
Lucent Technologies
MacKichan Software, Inc.
Macromedia
Marimba, Inc.
MatchLogic, Inc.
Matra Hachette
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (MEI)
MBED Software
MedicalData Service GmbH
Merrill Lynch
Metropolitan Police Service
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
(MCC)
Microsoft Corporation
Microstar Software Ltd.
Microsystems Software, Inc.
Motorola
MindQuake Interactive, Inc.
MITRE Corporation
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Motorola
MTA SZTAKI
NASA Ames Research Center
National Chiao Tung University
National Security Agency (NSA)
National University of Singapore
NCompass Labs, Inc.
NCR
NEC Corporation
NETAWAY
Netscape Communications
NetStudio Corporation
Network Computer, Inc. (NCI)
Network Solutions
University of New South Wales
NHS (National Health Service, UK)
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. (NTT)
NOKIA Corporation
Nortel
Novell, Inc.
NTT Data Corporation
NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (NTT DoCoMo)
OReilly & Associates, Inc.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Object Design
Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG)
Object Services and Consulting, Inc.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc.)
OmniMark Technologies Corporation
ONION S.p.A.
The Open Group
Open Market, Inc.
Open Software Associates, Inc.
Open Text Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Pacific Softworks
Paradigm Development Corporation
Partners HealthCare System, Inc.
Pencom Web Works
Perspecta, Inc.
Pervasive Software
Philips Electronic N.V.
Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Poet Software Corporation
PointCast Incorporated
Pretty Good Privacy, Inc.
The Productivity Works, Inc.
Qualcomm Inc.
Quark, Inc.
Rapid Logic, Inc.
Raptor Systems, Inc.
RealNetworks
Reed Elsevier
Reuters Limited
Rivcom
Riverland Holding NV/SA
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)
S.W.I.F.T. sc
SAIC/Bellcore
Sandpiper Networks, Inc.
SAP AG
SBC Technology Resources
Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.
Segue Software
Sema Group
Sharp Corporation
SICS
Sitara Networks, Inc.
Snap
SoftQuad Software, Inc.
Software AG
Software Publishers Association (SPA)
Sonnetech, Ltd.
Sony Corporation
University of Southampton
Speech Works International, Inc.
Spyglass, Inc.
Sqribe Technologies
StarBurst Communications
Strategic Interactive Group
Stuart McIntosh
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
surfCONTROL
SURFnet bv
Swedish Institute for Systems Development (SISU)
Sybase, Inc.
Synth-Bank
Tandem Computers, a division of Compaq
Technische Universitat Graz
Teknema Corporation
Telecom Colombia
Telecom Italia
Texcel Group
The Thomson Corporation
TIAA-CREF
TNO Multimedia and Telecommunications
Toshiba Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
Trilogy Technologies, Inc.
TRUSTe
2Bridge Software
UKERNA
UNI.C
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Unwired Planet
UWI.Com
Veon, Inc.
VeriSign, Inc.
Verity, Inc.
Victor Data Systems Co., Ltd.
Vignette Corporation
Visio Corporation
VTT Information Technology
Wall Data Incorporated
Waterloo Maple
webMethods, Inc.
WebTV Networks Inc.
WinWriters
Wolfram Research, Inc.
worldweb
WWW - KR
Xerox Corporation
Xionics Document Technologies, Inc.
Intel Sony
IBM
Novell
Mozilla
AT&T Cisco
Microsoft
BEA
Apache RIM
Corel
Oracle
Sun Nokia Sybase
Google
HP
Palm
Adobe Macromedia
Universal access, broad interoperability, rapid integration (mashups)
XML is Everywhere
ABN-AMRO Bank
Access
Access Company Limited
Acuity
Adobe Systems Inc.
AGF.SI
Agfa Division, Bayer Corp.
AgileDelta, Inc.
Agile Software
Agranat Systems, Inc.
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche
Alfa-Omega Foundation
Aliaron, Inc.
Alis Technologies, Inc.
Allaire Corporation
America Online, Inc.
American Express
AND Data Ltd
AND-USA, Inc.
APACS
Aplix Corporation
Apple Computer, Inc.
ArborText, Inc.
Architecture Projects Management Ltd.
Ardent Software, Inc.
ArrowPoint Communications
Art Technology Group
Asymetrix Corporation
AT&T
Attachmate Corporation
Autodesk, Inc.
BackWeb Technologies, Inc.
British Broadcasting Corporation
BEA Systems, Inc.
BELGACOM
Bitstream, Inc.
Bluestone Software
The Boeing Company
Bow Street, Inc.
Bowne Internet Solutions
University of Bristol
British Telecommunications Laboratories
Bull S.A.
Calico Technology, Inc.
Canal +
Canal/Web
Canon, Inc.
Cap Gemini Innovation
CCTA
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)
Center for Telematics and Information Technology (CTIT)
Centraal Corporation
CERN
China Times Interactive Co., Ltd.
Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd.
Cisco Systems
CiTEC
CITIBANK, N.A.
CNET - The Computer Network
CNR--Instituto Elaborazione dellInformazione
CNRS
Coalition for Networked Information
COLLEGIS Research Institute
Commerce One
CommerceNet
Corel Corporation
Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
(CCL)
Crystaliz, Inc.
CSIRO Australia
CyberCash, Inc.
Daewoo Electronics Company
Data Channel
Data Interchange Standards Association, Inc. (DISA)
Data Research Associates, Inc.
Datafusion, Inc.
Datalogics, Incorporated
Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA)
Department of Communications, Information Technology
and the Arts
Deutsche Telekom - Online Service GmbH (T-Online)
DFN Verein
Digital Vision Laboratories Corporation
Direct Marketing Association, Inc.
Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC Pty Ltd)
DoubleClick
E-centre UK
Eastman Kodak Company
EC Cubed, Inc.
École Nationale Supérieure dInformatique et de
Mathématiques Appliquées (ENSIMAG)
University of Edinburgh (HCRC Language Technology
Group)
EEIG/ERCIM
Electricité de France
Electronic Network Consortium
ENEL
Engage Technologies
Enigma
ENN Corporation
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epicentric, Inc.
Eprise Corporation
ERICSSON
Ernst & Young LLP
ETNOTEAM S.p.A.
EUnet International BV
Excosoft
Federal Geographic Data Committee
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
FIZ Karlsruhe (FachInformationsZentrum)
Forschungszentrum Informatik (FZI)
Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
France Telecom
Fraunhofer IGD
Fretwell-Downing Data Systems Ltd.
FSTC (Financial Services Technology Consortium)
Fujitsu Limited
Fulcrum Technologies, Inc.
GE Information Services, Inc.
GEMPLUS
General Magic, Inc.
GEO Interactive Media Group Ltd.
George Washington University
Geoworks
GlobeID Software
GMD National Research Center for Information Technology
Graphic Communications Association
Grenoble Network Initiative
Groove Networks, Inc.
Groupe ESC Grenoble
GTW Associates
Harlequin Inc.
Health Level Seven, Inc.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Helsinki Telephone Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
Hitachi, Ltd.
Hong Kong Jockey Club
Hong Kong Productivity Council
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
HTML Writers Guild, Inc.
Hyperwave Information Management, Ges. m.b.H.
IBERDROLA S.A.
IBM Corporation
IBM Taiwan Corporation
IEEE Computer Society
ILOG, S.A.
IMALL
IMG SRC, Inc.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Infopartners
Information Broadcasting Laboratories, Inc. (IB Labs)
Infoteria, Inc.
Innosoft International Inc.
Inso Corporation, Providence
Institut Franco-Russe A.M. Liapunov
Intel Corporation
Intelink Management Office (IMO)
Interleaf, Inc.
Intermind
The International DOI Foundation
International Integrated Systems, Inc.
Internet Lawyers Conference (ILC)
Interval Research Corporation
Intraspect Software, Inc.
iReady Corporation
JetForm
Joint Info. Systems Comm. of the UK Higher Ed. Funding
Council
KnowledgeCite, Inc.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lexmark International, Inc.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lotus Development Corporation
Lucent Technologies
MacKichan Software, Inc.
Macromedia
Marimba, Inc.
MatchLogic, Inc.
Matra Hachette
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (MEI)
MBED Software
MedicalData Service GmbH
Merrill Lynch
Metropolitan Police Service
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
(MCC)
Microsoft Corporation
Microstar Software Ltd.
Microsystems Software, Inc.
Motorola
MindQuake Interactive, Inc.
MITRE Corporation
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Motorola
MTA SZTAKI
NASA Ames Research Center
National Chiao Tung University
National Security Agency (NSA)
National University of Singapore
NCompass Labs, Inc.
NCR
NEC Corporation
NETAWAY
Netscape Communications
NetStudio Corporation
Network Computer, Inc. (NCI)
Network Solutions
University of New South Wales
NHS (National Health Service, UK)
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. (NTT)
NOKIA Corporation
Nortel
Novell, Inc.
NTT Data Corporation
NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (NTT DoCoMo)
OReilly & Associates, Inc.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Object Design
Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG)
Object Services and Consulting, Inc.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc.)
OmniMark Technologies Corporation
ONION S.p.A.
The Open Group
Open Market, Inc.
Open Software Associates, Inc.
Open Text Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Pacific Softworks
Paradigm Development Corporation
Partners HealthCare System, Inc.
Pencom Web Works
Perspecta, Inc.
Pervasive Software
Philips Electronic N.V.
Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Poet Software Corporation
PointCast Incorporated
Pretty Good Privacy, Inc.
The Productivity Works, Inc.
Qualcomm Inc.
Quark, Inc.
Rapid Logic, Inc.
Raptor Systems, Inc.
RealNetworks
Reed Elsevier
Reuters Limited
Rivcom
Riverland Holding NV/SA
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)
S.W.I.F.T. sc
SAIC/Bellcore
Sandpiper Networks, Inc.
SAP AG
SBC Technology Resources
Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.
Segue Software
Sema Group
Sharp Corporation
SICS
Sitara Networks, Inc.
Snap
SoftQuad Software, Inc.
Software AG
Software Publishers Association (SPA)
Sonnetech, Ltd.
Sony Corporation
University of Southampton
Speech Works International, Inc.
Spyglass, Inc.
Sqribe Technologies
StarBurst Communications
Strategic Interactive Group
Stuart McIntosh
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
surfCONTROL
SURFnet bv
Swedish Institute for Systems Development (SISU)
Sybase, Inc.
Synth-Bank
Tandem Computers, a division of Compaq
Technische Universitat Graz
Teknema Corporation
Telecom Colombia
Telecom Italia
Texcel Group
The Thomson Corporation
TIAA-CREF
TNO Multimedia and Telecommunications
Toshiba Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
Trilogy Technologies, Inc.
TRUSTe
2Bridge Software
UKERNA
UNI.C
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Unwired Planet
UWI.Com
Veon, Inc.
VeriSign, Inc.
Verity, Inc.
Victor Data Systems Co., Ltd.
Vignette Corporation
Visio Corporation
VTT Information Technology
Wall Data Incorporated
Waterloo Maple
webMethods, Inc.
WebTV Networks Inc.
WinWriters
Wolfram Research, Inc.
worldweb
WWW - KR
Xerox Corporation
Xionics Document Technologies, Inc.
Intel Sony
IBM
Novell
Mozilla
AT&T Cisco
Microsoft
BEA
Apache BEA
Cisco
RIM
Corel
Oracle
Sun Nokia Sybase
Google
HP
Palm
Adobe Macromedia
Benefits of XML are not available where efficiency is critical
XML is Everywhere
ABN-AMRO Bank
Access
Access Company Limited
Acuity
Adobe Systems Inc.
AGF.SI
Agfa Division, Bayer Corp.
AgileDelta, Inc.
Agile Software
Agranat Systems, Inc.
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche
Alfa-Omega Foundation
Aliaron, Inc.
Alis Technologies, Inc.
Allaire Corporation
America Online, Inc.
American Express
AND Data Ltd
AND-USA, Inc.
APACS
Aplix Corporation
Apple Computer, Inc.
ArborText, Inc.
Architecture Projects Management Ltd.
Ardent Software, Inc.
ArrowPoint Communications
Art Technology Group
Asymetrix Corporation
AT&T
Attachmate Corporation
Autodesk, Inc.
BackWeb Technologies, Inc.
British Broadcasting Corporation
BEA Systems, Inc.
BELGACOM
Bitstream, Inc.
Bluestone Software
The Boeing Company
Bow Street, Inc.
Bowne Internet Solutions
University of Bristol
British Telecommunications Laboratories
Bull S.A.
Calico Technology, Inc.
Canal +
Canal/Web
Canon, Inc.
Cap Gemini Innovation
CCTA
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)
Center for Telematics and Information Technology (CTIT)
Centraal Corporation
CERN
China Times Interactive Co., Ltd.
Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd.
Cisco Systems
CiTEC
CITIBANK, N.A.
CNET - The Computer Network
CNR--Instituto Elaborazione dellInformazione
CNRS
Coalition for Networked Information
COLLEGIS Research Institute
Commerce One
CommerceNet
XEBU
Corel Corporation
Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
(CCL)
Crystaliz, Inc.
CSIRO Australia
CyberCash, Inc.
Daewoo Electronics Company
Data Channel
Data Interchange Standards Association, Inc. (DISA)
Data Research Associates, Inc.
Datafusion, Inc.
Datalogics, Incorporated
Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA)
Department of Communications, Information Technology
and the Arts
Deutsche Telekom - Online Service GmbH (T-Online)
DFN Verein
Digital Vision Laboratories Corporation
Direct Marketing Association, Inc.
Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC Pty Ltd)
DoubleClick
E-centre UK
Eastman Kodak Company
EC Cubed, Inc.
École Nationale Supérieure dInformatique et de
Mathématiques Appliquées (ENSIMAG)
University of Edinburgh (HCRC Language Technology
Group)
EEIG/ERCIM
Electricité de France
Electronic Network Consortium
ENEL
Engage Technologies
Enigma
ENN Corporation
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epicentric, Inc.
Eprise Corporation
ERICSSON
Ernst & Young LLP
ETNOTEAM S.p.A.
EUnet International BV
Excosoft
Federal Geographic Data Committee
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
FIZ Karlsruhe (FachInformationsZentrum)
Forschungszentrum Informatik (FZI)
Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
France Telecom
Fraunhofer IGD
Fretwell-Downing Data Systems Ltd.
FSTC (Financial Services Technology Consortium)
Fujitsu Limited
Fulcrum Technologies, Inc.
GE Information Services, Inc.
GEMPLUS
General Magic, Inc.
GEO Interactive Media Group Ltd.
George Washington University
Geoworks
GlobeID Software
Efficient XML
GMD National Research Center for Information Technology
Graphic Communications Association
Grenoble Network Initiative
Groove Networks, Inc.
Groupe ESC Grenoble
GTW Associates
Harlequin Inc.
Health Level Seven, Inc.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Helsinki Telephone Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
Hitachi, Ltd.
Hong Kong Jockey Club
Hong Kong Productivity Council
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
HTML Writers Guild, Inc.
Hyperwave Information Management, Ges. m.b.H.
IBERDROLA S.A.
IBM Corporation
IBM Taiwan Corporation
IEEE Computer Society
ILOG, S.A.
IMALL
IMG SRC, Inc.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Infopartners
Information Broadcasting Laboratories, Inc. (IB Labs)
Infoteria, Inc.
Innosoft International Inc.
Inso Corporation, Providence
Institut Franco-Russe A.M. Liapunov
Intel Corporation
Intelink Management Office (IMO)
Interleaf, Inc.
Intermind
The International DOI Foundation
International Integrated Systems, Inc.
Internet Lawyers Conference (ILC)
Interval Research Corporation
Intraspect Software, Inc.
iReady Corporation
JetForm
Joint Info. Systems Comm. of the UK Higher Ed. Funding
Council
KnowledgeCite, Inc.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lexmark International, Inc.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lotus Development Corporation
Lucent Technologies
MacKichan Software, Inc.
Macromedia
Marimba, Inc.
MatchLogic, Inc.
Matra Hachette
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (MEI)
MBED Software
MedicalData Service GmbH
Merrill Lynch
Metropolitan Police Service
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
(MCC)
Microsoft Corporation
Microstar Software Ltd.
Microsystems Software, Inc.
Motorola
CBXML
MindQuake Interactive, Inc.
MITRE Corporation
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Motorola
MTA SZTAKI
NASA Ames Research Center
National Chiao Tung University
National Security Agency (NSA)
National University of Singapore
NCompass Labs, Inc.
NCR
NEC Corporation
NETAWAY
Netscape Communications
NetStudio Corporation
Network Computer, Inc. (NCI)
Network Solutions
University of New South Wales
NHS (National Health Service, UK)
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. (NTT)
NOKIA Corporation
Nortel
Novell, Inc.
NTT Data Corporation
NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (NTT DoCoMo)
OReilly & Associates, Inc.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Object Design
Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG)
Object Services and Consulting, Inc.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc.)
OmniMark Technologies Corporation
ONION S.p.A.
The Open Group
Open Market, Inc.
Open Software Associates, Inc.
Open Text Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Pacific Softworks
Paradigm Development Corporation
Partners HealthCare System, Inc.
Pencom Web Works
Perspecta, Inc.
Pervasive Software
Philips Electronic N.V.
Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Poet Software Corporation
PointCast Incorporated
Pretty Good Privacy, Inc.
The Productivity Works, Inc.
Qualcomm Inc.
Quark, Inc.
Rapid Logic, Inc.
Raptor Systems, Inc.
RealNetworks
Reed Elsevier
Reuters Limited
Rivcom
Riverland Holding NV/SA
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)
S.W.I.F.T. sc
SAIC/Bellcore
Sandpiper Networks, Inc.
SAP AG
SBC Technology Resources
Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.
Segue Software
Sema Group
Sharp Corporation
SICS
Sitara Networks, Inc.
Snap
SoftQuad Software, Inc.
Software AG
Software Publishers Association (SPA)
Sonnetech, Ltd.
Sony Corporation
University of Southampton
Speech Works International, Inc.
Spyglass, Inc.
Sqribe Technologies
StarBurst Communications
Strategic Interactive Group
Stuart McIntosh
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
surfCONTROL
SURFnet bv
Swedish Institute for Systems Development (SISU)
Sybase, Inc.
Synth-Bank
Tandem Computers, a division of Compaq
Technische Universitat Graz
Teknema Corporation
Telecom Colombia
Telecom Italia
Texcel Group
The Thomson Corporation
TIAA-CREF
TNO Multimedia and Telecommunications
Toshiba Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
Trilogy Technologies, Inc.
TRUSTe
2Bridge Software
UKERNA
UNI.C
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Unwired Planet
UWI.Com
Veon, Inc.
VeriSign, Inc.
Verity, Inc.
Victor Data Systems Co., Ltd.
Vignette Corporation
Visio Corporation
VTT Information Technology
Wall Data Incorporated
Waterloo Maple
webMethods, Inc.
WebTV Networks Inc.
WinWriters
Wolfram Research, Inc.
worldweb
WWW - KR
Xerox Corporation
Xionics Document Technologies, Inc.
Intel Sony XEUS IBM
WCF Binary
Millau
Novell
Infoset
Mozilla
AT&T FastCisco
Microsoft
FXDI
ASN.1
BEA
XML Apache BEA
Cisco
RIM
Corel
XBIS
CMF-B
Oracle
Nokia
Sun
Sybase
BX
Google
BiM
XML-VMF
HP
XMill
Macromedia
esXML
XSBC
Palm
Adobe
WBXML
Then … there more binary XML formats than use cases!
XML is Everywhere
ABN-AMRO Bank
Access
Access Company Limited
Acuity
Adobe Systems Inc.
AGF.SI
Agfa Division, Bayer Corp.
AgileDelta, Inc.
Agile Software
Agranat Systems, Inc.
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche
Alfa-Omega Foundation
Aliaron, Inc.
Alis Technologies, Inc.
Allaire Corporation
America Online, Inc.
American Express
AND Data Ltd
AND-USA, Inc.
APACS
Aplix Corporation
Apple Computer, Inc.
ArborText, Inc.
Architecture Projects Management Ltd.
Ardent Software, Inc.
ArrowPoint Communications
Art Technology Group
Asymetrix Corporation
AT&T
Attachmate Corporation
Autodesk, Inc.
BackWeb Technologies, Inc.
British Broadcasting Corporation
BEA Systems, Inc.
BELGACOM
Bitstream, Inc.
Bluestone Software
The Boeing Company
Bow Street, Inc.
Bowne Internet Solutions
University of Bristol
British Telecommunications Laboratories
Bull S.A.
Calico Technology, Inc.
Canal +
Canal/Web
Canon, Inc.
Cap Gemini Innovation
CCTA
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI)
Center for Telematics and Information Technology (CTIT)
Centraal Corporation
CERN
China Times Interactive Co., Ltd.
Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd.
Cisco Systems
CiTEC
CITIBANK, N.A.
CNET - The Computer Network
CNR--Instituto Elaborazione dellInformazione
CNRS
Coalition for Networked Information
COLLEGIS Research Institute
Commerce One
CommerceNet
Corel Corporation
Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils
(CCL)
Crystaliz, Inc.
CSIRO Australia
CyberCash, Inc.
Daewoo Electronics Company
Data Channel
Data Interchange Standards Association, Inc. (DISA)
Data Research Associates, Inc.
Datafusion, Inc.
Datalogics, Incorporated
Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA)
Department of Communications, Information Technology
and the Arts
Deutsche Telekom - Online Service GmbH (T-Online)
DFN Verein
Digital Vision Laboratories Corporation
Direct Marketing Association, Inc.
Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC Pty Ltd)
DoubleClick
E-centre UK
Eastman Kodak Company
EC Cubed, Inc.
École Nationale Supérieure dInformatique et de
Mathématiques Appliquées (ENSIMAG)
University of Edinburgh (HCRC Language Technology
Group)
EEIG/ERCIM
Electricité de France
Electronic Network Consortium
ENEL
Engage Technologies
Enigma
ENN Corporation
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epicentric, Inc.
Eprise Corporation
ERICSSON
Ernst & Young LLP
ETNOTEAM S.p.A.
EUnet International BV
Excosoft
Federal Geographic Data Committee
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
FIZ Karlsruhe (FachInformationsZentrum)
Forschungszentrum Informatik (FZI)
Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
France Telecom
Fraunhofer IGD
Fretwell-Downing Data Systems Ltd.
FSTC (Financial Services Technology Consortium)
Fujitsu Limited
Fulcrum Technologies, Inc.
GE Information Services, Inc.
GEMPLUS
General Magic, Inc.
GEO Interactive Media Group Ltd.
George Washington University
Geoworks
GlobeID Software
GMD National Research Center for Information Technology
Graphic Communications Association
Grenoble Network Initiative
Groove Networks, Inc.
Groupe ESC Grenoble
GTW Associates
Harlequin Inc.
Health Level Seven, Inc.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Helsinki Telephone Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
Hitachi, Ltd.
Hong Kong Jockey Club
Hong Kong Productivity Council
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
HTML Writers Guild, Inc.
Hyperwave Information Management, Ges. m.b.H.
IBERDROLA S.A.
IBM Corporation
IBM Taiwan Corporation
IEEE Computer Society
ILOG, S.A.
IMALL
IMG SRC, Inc.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Infopartners
Information Broadcasting Laboratories, Inc. (IB Labs)
Infoteria, Inc.
Innosoft International Inc.
Inso Corporation, Providence
Institut Franco-Russe A.M. Liapunov
Intel Corporation
Intelink Management Office (IMO)
Interleaf, Inc.
Intermind
The International DOI Foundation
International Integrated Systems, Inc.
Internet Lawyers Conference (ILC)
Interval Research Corporation
Intraspect Software, Inc.
iReady Corporation
JetForm
Joint Info. Systems Comm. of the UK Higher Ed. Funding
Council
KnowledgeCite, Inc.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lexmark International, Inc.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lotus Development Corporation
Lucent Technologies
MacKichan Software, Inc.
Macromedia
Marimba, Inc.
MatchLogic, Inc.
Matra Hachette
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (MEI)
MBED Software
MedicalData Service GmbH
Merrill Lynch
Metropolitan Police Service
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
(MCC)
Microsoft Corporation
Microstar Software Ltd.
Microsystems Software, Inc.
Motorola
MindQuake Interactive, Inc.
MITRE Corporation
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Motorola
MTA SZTAKI
NASA Ames Research Center
National Chiao Tung University
National Security Agency (NSA)
National University of Singapore
NCompass Labs, Inc.
NCR
NEC Corporation
NETAWAY
Netscape Communications
NetStudio Corporation
Network Computer, Inc. (NCI)
Network Solutions
University of New South Wales
NHS (National Health Service, UK)
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. (NTT)
NOKIA Corporation
Nortel
Novell, Inc.
NTT Data Corporation
NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. (NTT DoCoMo)
OReilly & Associates, Inc.
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Object Design
Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG)
Object Services and Consulting, Inc.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc.)
OmniMark Technologies Corporation
ONION S.p.A.
The Open Group
Open Market, Inc.
Open Software Associates, Inc.
Open Text Corporation
Oracle Corporation
Pacific Softworks
Paradigm Development Corporation
Partners HealthCare System, Inc.
Pencom Web Works
Perspecta, Inc.
Pervasive Software
Philips Electronic N.V.
Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Poet Software Corporation
PointCast Incorporated
Pretty Good Privacy, Inc.
The Productivity Works, Inc.
Qualcomm Inc.
Quark, Inc.
Rapid Logic, Inc.
Raptor Systems, Inc.
RealNetworks
Reed Elsevier
Reuters Limited
Rivcom
Riverland Holding NV/SA
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)
S.W.I.F.T. sc
SAIC/Bellcore
Sandpiper Networks, Inc.
SAP AG
SBC Technology Resources
Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.
Segue Software
Sema Group
Sharp Corporation
SICS
Sitara Networks, Inc.
Snap
SoftQuad Software, Inc.
Software AG
Software Publishers Association (SPA)
Sonnetech, Ltd.
Sony Corporation
University of Southampton
Speech Works International, Inc.
Spyglass, Inc.
Sqribe Technologies
StarBurst Communications
Strategic Interactive Group
Stuart McIntosh
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
surfCONTROL
SURFnet bv
Swedish Institute for Systems Development (SISU)
Sybase, Inc.
Synth-Bank
Tandem Computers, a division of Compaq
Technische Universitat Graz
Teknema Corporation
Telecom Colombia
Telecom Italia
Texcel Group
The Thomson Corporation
TIAA-CREF
TNO Multimedia and Telecommunications
Toshiba Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation
Trilogy Technologies, Inc.
TRUSTe
2Bridge Software
UKERNA
UNI.C
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Unwired Planet
UWI.Com
Veon, Inc.
VeriSign, Inc.
Verity, Inc.
Victor Data Systems Co., Ltd.
Vignette Corporation
Visio Corporation
VTT Information Technology
Wall Data Incorporated
Waterloo Maple
webMethods, Inc.
WebTV Networks Inc.
WinWriters
Wolfram Research, Inc.
worldweb
WWW - KR
Xerox Corporation
Xionics Document Technologies, Inc.
EXI
Intel Sony
IBM
EXI
Novell
Mozilla
AT&T Cisco
Microsoft
BEA
EXI
XML Apache BEA
Cisco
RIM
Corel
EXI
Oracle
Sun Nokia Sybase
Google
HP
EXI
EXI
Palm
Adobe Macromedia
What if … there was one that worked well for everyone?
W3C EXI Benchmarks
Compactness (Neither)
Compactness (Schema)
120.00%
120.00%
100.00%
100.00%
80.00%
80.00%
XebuNeitherSAX
60.00%
FXDINeitherSAX
FastInfosetNeitherSAX
XMLNeither
% XML size
% XML size
XMLNeither
XebuSchemaSAX
60.00%
FXDISchemaSAX
FastInfosetSchemaSAX
EfficientXMLNeitherSAX
EfficientXMLSchemaSAX
40.00%
40.00%
20.00%
20.00%
0.00%
W3C brought all the experts together …
9 months and 147 pages of analysis later …
We found ONE!
0.00%
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97
103 109
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
Compactness (Document)
120.00%
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97 103 109
Compactness (Both)
120.00%
100.00%
100.00%
80.00%
80.00%
XebuDocumentSAX
60.00%
FXDIDocumentSAX
FastInfosetDocumentSAX
XMLDocument
% XML size
% XML size
XMLDocument
XebuBothSAX
60.00%
FXDIBothSAX
FastInfosetBothSAX
EfficientXMLDocumentSAX
EfficientXMLBothSAX
40.00%
40.00%
20.00%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97 103 109
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97
103 109
W3C EXI Benchmarks
Compactness (Neither)
Compactness (Schema)
120.00%
120.00%
100.00%
100.00%
80.00%
80.00%
XebuNeitherSAX
60.00%
FXDINeitherSAX
FastInfosetNeitherSAX
XMLNeither
% XML size
% XML size
XMLNeither
XebuSchemaSAX
60.00%
FXDISchemaSAX
FastInfosetSchemaSAX
EfficientXMLNeitherSAX
EfficientXMLSchemaSAX
40.00%
40.00%
20.00%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97
103 109
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
Compactness (Document)
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97 103 109
Compactness (Both)
120.00%
120.00%
100.00%
100.00%
80.00%
80.00%
XebuDocumentSAX
60.00%
FXDIDocumentSAX
FastInfosetDocumentSAX
XMLDocument
% XML size
% XML size
XMLDocument
XebuBothSAX
60.00%
FXDIBothSAX
FastInfosetBothSAX
EfficientXMLDocumentSAX
EfficientXMLBothSAX
40.00%
40.00%
20.00%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97 103 109
1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97
103 109
A New Approach to Data Optimization
Information
Theory
EXI
Formal
Language
Theory
EXI a new breed of technology that unifies concepts
from formal language theory and information theory
10
Achieves New Levels of Performance
• A quantum leap in XML bandwidth optimization
• Simultaneously optimizes:
•
•
•
•
Network bandwidth, throughput and scalability
Server scalability, throughput and CPU utilization
Device battery life, storage, heat and responsiveness
Data center power consumption, heat, bandwidth
• Requires no special hardware or proprietary interfaces
13%
1%
1%
NCES SOAP Message (213 KB)
Fast Infoset
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
369
369
67
33
NCES SOAP Message (213 KB)
Fast Infoset
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
Battery Life
Transactions per battery
20%
Server Throughput
Message per second
% Original Bandwidth
Bandwidth Utilization
33680
33680
8529 7720
Nokia 6800 Mobile Phone
XML
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
11
Consistently Beats Compression
Consistently Beats Packed Binary Formats
Real-world Timing Example
Time to transmit airspace geometries (1.1MB)
from ground-control to aircraft over airborne network
0:01
With EXI
2:23
Without EXI
Click to start transfer speed comparison
Click to stop transfer speed comparison
14
10:04:11 PM
10:01:36 PM
9:59:01 PM
9:56:26 PM
9:53:51 PM
9:51:16 PM
9:48:41 PM
9:46:06 PM
9:43:31 PM
9:40:56 PM
9:38:21 PM
9:35:46 PM
9:33:11 PM
9:30:36 PM
9:28:01 PM
9:25:26 PM
9:22:51 PM
9:20:16 PM
9:17:41 PM
9:15:06 PM
9:12:31 PM
9:09:56 PM
9:07:21 PM
9:04:46 PM
Real-world Network Utilization Example
Far less Network Traffic (1%) for a much Shorter Duration
XML vs. EFX Data Requirments at 14.4 Kbps
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
XML
8000
EFX
6000
4000
2000
0
15
EXI
It has legs!!!
Backup Slides
“POWER TO THE EDGE”
17
FAQ
“POWER TO THE EDGE”
18
FAQ
Compress
XML
Data
XML API
XML API
How much overhead does Efficient XML introduce?
Decompress
Compressed
XML
XML
Data
Data
Efficient XML event stream
XML API
XML API
Traditional compression adds processing overhead for compression/decompression
Data
Efficient XML event streams are read/written directly via standard XML APIs
19
FAQ
How much overhead does Efficient XML introduce?
•
It depends on your implementation
•
•
•
•
Efficient XML 1.0 was a little slower than gzipped XML
Efficient XML 2.0 was sometimes slower, sometimes faster than XML
Efficient XML 3.0 was up to 90x faster than XML
So, with a fast implementation, it can actually decrease overhead
Efficient XML 3.0 Processing Speed Examples
0.5
0.5
22,609
3,244
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
2,095
6 KB FpML message
2 MB SOAP message
XML
GeoLocation
XML
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
Messages per second
24
Finance
Messages per second
Messages per second
Web-services / military
274,595
9,244
6,911
100 byte Location message
XML
GZIPPED XML
Efficient XML
20
FAQ
Will Efficient XML break compatibility with plain-old-XML?
•
No
•
Efficient XML 3.0 detects and uses EXI when available
and automatically falls-back to XML otherwise
• Clients that don’t support EXI never receive it
I support XML and EXI
Server
Client
I’m sending you EXI
I support XML
Client
I’m sending you XML
21
FAQ
Do I have to change my code to use Efficient XML?
No.
Efficient XML plug-ins add EXI natively to web service platforms
Efficient XML proxies (HTTP, TCP and UDP) add EXI to existing
applications
Web Service
Web
service
code
Efficient XML
integration kits
plug-in
transparently
Web Service Client
XML or EXI
WS
Integration
Kit
WS
Integration
Kit
XML Binding API
•
•
XML Binding API
•
Client
code
Integration using Efficient XML Integration Kits requires no code modifications
22
FAQ
Can I view EXI with standard XML tools?
•
Yes. With appropriate plug-ins and converters.
XML in Internet Explorer
Efficient XML in Internet Explorer
This kind of transparency and tool support makes testing, debugging and
using EXI far easier than other binary formats
23
FAQ
Does Efficient XML work with XML Security?
•
Yes. Unlike most XML optimization technologies, Efficient XML
was designed to work with existing XML Security standards and
libraries, including XML Digital Signatures and XML Encryption.
•
AgileDelta also provides Efficient XML Digital Signature and
Efficient XML Encryption products that leverage Efficient XML to
eliminate well-known XML Security processing bottlenecks and
increase the bandwidth efficiency of XML Security protocols.
24
Efficiency
“POWER TO THE EDGE”
25
What do we Mean by Efficiency?
•
Dictionary definition:
•
•
•
Acting or producing effectively with a minimum of waste, expense, or
unnecessary effort.
Exhibiting a high ratio of output [results] to input [resources]
Mathematical definition:
Efficiency =
•
•
Results
Resources
Results include web pages, web service calls, messages, etc.
Resources include bandwidth, processor cycles, memory (code,
data and heap limits), battery life, disk space, etc.
So, for example, system A is more efficient than system B if
•
•
•
•
A produces the same result as B using fewer resources
A produces more results than B using the same resources
A produces more results than B using fewer resources
26
Why Worry About Efficiency?
• Resources cost money
• Bandwidth, processor power, memory (code, data and heap),
battery life, disk space, etc.
• Less resources == better cost / performance ratio
== lower prices and/or more profit
• Many systems don’t have resources to spare
• Cost sensitive, mass market devices: mobile handsets, set-top
boxes, consumer electronics, game consoles, automobiles, etc.
• Physical constraints: battery life, size, weight, heat, etc.
• Less resources == cheaper, smaller, lighter, cooler, etc.
• Faster & more scalable without more hardware
27
The Value of Efficiency
Smartcard
1 mhz
Surveillance
Satellite
100 mhz
1 ghz
10 ghz
Reduced Processing Power
10 mhz
Mobile
handset
Smart
dust
Network
audio device
Sensor-nets
UAV
PDA
Commercial
vehicle
Game console
Military
vehicle
Smartphone
DVR
Solder
Tactical aircraft
Broadband home
Military
C2 aircraft
Dial-up home
Submarine
Military
vessel
Corp HQ
100 ghz
Reduced Bandwidth
Corp data center
1 thz
10 gbps
1 gbps
100 mbps
10 mbps
1 mbps
100 kbps
10 kbps
Value of efficiency increases as available bandwidth and processing power decrease
1kbps
28
New applications,
new markets,
new customers
better awareness
better decisions
The Value of Efficiency
Smartcard
1 mhz
Surveillance
Satellite
100 mhz
1 ghz
10 ghz
Reduced Processing Power
10 mhz
Mobile
handset
Smart
dust
Network
audio device
Sensor-nets
UAV
Commercial
vehicle
Game console
Better cost /
performance for
existing customers
and applications
PDA
Military
vehicle
Smartphone
DVR
Solder
Tactical aircraft
Broadband home
Military
C2 aircraft
Dial-up home
Submarine
Military
vessel
Corp HQ
100 ghz
Reduced Bandwidth
Corp data center
1 thz
10 gbps
1 gbps
100 mbps
10 mbps
1 mbps
100 kbps
10 kbps
Benefits of efficiency are widely applicable, but unevenly distributed
1kbps
29
Battery, size,
cost, heat and
bandwidth
constrained
The Value of Efficiency
Smartcard
1 mhz
Surveillance
Satellite
100 mhz
1 ghz
10 ghz
Reduced Processing Power
10 mhz
Mobile
handset
Smart
dust
Network
audio device
Sensor-nets
UAV
Commercial
vehicle
Game console
Moore’s law
Amdahl’s law
XML hardware
PDA
Military
vehicle
Smartphone
DVR
Solder
Tactical aircraft
Broadband home
Military
C2 aircraft
Dial-up home
Submarine
Military
vessel
Corp HQ
100 ghz
Reduced Bandwidth
Corp data center
1 thz
10 gbps
1 gbps
100 mbps
10 mbps
1 mbps
100 kbps
10 kbps
Battery, bandwidth, size, cost and other constraints will widen the value gap
1kbps
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Theoretical Basis for Efficient XML
• Information theory (1948: Claude Shannon)
• Provides formalisms for defining theoretic optimal encoding
• Defines one bit as amount of data required to differentiate
between two equally likely alternatives
• Tells us log2(1 / p1) bits required for data with probability p1
• Data probabilities are a function of our knowledge of the data
• More knowledge == fewer bits
• Knowledge about data can be gathered:
• Dynamically via data analysis
• Statically e.g. via schemas
• Schemas define what is likely to occur, not the entire
universe of discourse!
Efficient XML Approach
• Generalized Algorithm
• Use a grammar to determine the language constructs (not
characters) most likely to occur at any given point in the stream
• Assign variable-length codes to represent most likely language
constructs in fewer bits
• Concept works for any regular language that can be described
by a grammar (e.g., XML, HTTP, CORBA IDL, Java, …)
• Efficient XML is specialized for XML
•
•
•
•
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Built-in knowledge of XML grammar
Built-in knowledge of XML data types
Can augment grammar and type knowledge using schemas
Refines grammar knowledge based on experience
Does not require accurate, complete or current schemas
(schemas describe things that are likely to occur)
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