Study notes, worksheets, reading packet, check ONLINE – this review will be on my wiki site!

Practice Test Questions
• Fill in the table with info about parts of an atom
Proton
Importance
Tell the identity of the atom
Location Charge Mass
Inside nucleus Positive (+1) Heavy
Neutron Helps determine mass
– important in isotopes
Inside nucleus Neutral
Electron
Determine element’s reactivity (how it will bond to another element)
Outside nucleus
(electron cloud)
Negative (-1)
Heavy
Virtually zero

Practice Test Questions
• Writing questions (Complete sentences)
• 6+1 Writing Traits: You will be graded on
– Ideas and Content (how you explain yourself),
– Word Choice (correct use of vocabulary), and
– Conventions (spelling, punctuation, capitalization, etc.)

Practice Test Questions
• Compare and contrast elements and atoms
• Elements – elements are one type of atom
• Atoms – what elements are made of; the building blocks of matter; contain protons, neutrons and electrons

Practice Test Questions
• How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other?
• Different number of neutrons
• Different atomic mass (protons + neutrons)
• Number of protons doesn’t change!!!

Practice Test Questions
• How do atoms or ions combine to form compounds?
• Chemical bonds

Practice Test Questions
• What are the kinds of bonds and how do they form?
• Ionic bonds (move electrons -ions formedhave charge)
• Covalent bonds (share electrons)
• Hydrogen bonds (parts of the element become charged)
• Metallic bonds (metals, like gold, copper, silver, form bonds to each other)

Practice Test Questions
• Why is sweetened tea considered to be a solution rather than a compound?
• Sweetened tea is made of sugar dissolved in tea
• Solutions can be separated, and compounds cannot be separated

Practice Test Questions
• What makes a solution different from a heterogeneous mixture?
• Solutions are evenly mixed; can’t see individual components;
• Heterogeneous unevenly mixed; can see individual components

Practice Test Questions
• How would you determine if saltwater was a solution, heterogeneous mixture, or a compound?
• Compounds are chemically bonded and can’t be easily separated – water and salt
CAN be separated by boiling the water
• Decide between solution/heterogeneous: see previous slide

Practice Test Questions
• List the four types of matter in order from lowest to highest in terms of amount of particle movement
• Lowest amount of movement= solids
• High= plasma
• Solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Practice Test Questions
• As water freezes, what happens to the water molecules that causes ice to float?
• Molecules move apart, causing ice to be less dense than water
• When other materials change from liquid to solid, molecules move TOGETHER

Practice Test Questions
• Properties of a substance that can be observed without changing it into a new substance are…
• Chemical or Physical Properties
• Physical

Classify the following items into the four types of matter
• Groundwater
• Lightning
• Lava
• Snow
• Textbook
• Ice cap
• Notebook
• Apple juice
• Eraser
• Glass
• Cotton
• Helium
• Iron oxide (rust)
• Lake
• Limestone
• Water vapor
• Liquid
• Plasma
• Liquid
• Solid
• Solid
• Solid
• Solid
• Liquid
• Solid
• Solid
• Solid
• Gas
• Solid
• Liquid
• Solid
• Gas

Practice Test Questions
• What are valence electrons?
• Electrons in the OUTERmost orbit
• Why are they important?
• B O N D I N G ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Practice Test Questions
• How is the periodic table arranged from left to right?
• Add one valence electron as you go across
• How is it arranged from top to bottom?
• Add one shell (orbit) as you go down

Practice Test Questions
• What elements are in this compound?
How many of that element are there?
• NaHCO
3
• Sodium – 1
• Hydrogen – 1
• Carbon – 1
• Oxygen – 3

Practice Test Questions
• Try this next one that’s more difficult…
• (CH
3
)
2
CHOH
• Carbon – 2, plus 1 (total 3)
• Hydrogen – 6, plus 1, plus 1 (total 8)
• Oxygen – 1