Lifting devices and equipments
Corporate Health & Safety 2011
Summary
1) Introduction
2) General comments
3) Definition
3.1) Lifting devices
3.2) Lifting equipments
3.3) General Work Instructions
4) Specifications for lifting devices and equipments
4.1) Additional for Man – Baskets
4.2) Additional for Crane Man – Baskets
4.3) Additional for Forklift Man – Baskets
5) Work Instructions for lifting devices and equipments
5.1) Additional for Crane Man – Baskets
5.2) Additional for Forklift Man – Baskets
6) Proper And Safe Use Of Scissor and Boom Lifts
7) Proper And Safe Use Of Vehicle Mounted Platform
8) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket for Cranes
9) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket for Forklift
10) Hazards
10.1) Tip-Over Hazards
10.2) Electrocution Hazards
10.2.1) What If Engines Contacts Power Line
11) Main causes of accidents
12) Questions
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1) Introduction
Overall View of the Area and of the Accident
April 2010
Fatality
The pile stacking Piling machine tips over
Three Companies are involved in the works
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1) Introduction
Fatality
The remaining accidents, workers died from being struck by the falling scissor lift.
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1) Introduction
June 2010
Amputations
The Scissor Lift Operator was parallel parking the unit in preparation to install piping.
The Spotter left the work area and instructed the operator to wait until he returned to continue the job.
The operator continued working and when the lift was moving forward,
his hand was pinched between the top rail of the lift and pipe support (angle iron).
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2) General comments :
This program is designed to familiarize workers
with the safe use of aerial work platforms.
The major points to avoid accidents are
a) Operator Training
•
•
Training must be done by a qualified person experienced with the particular lift model
Training must include:
 Nature of electrical, fall, and other hazards involved in operating lift
 Precautions for dealing with hazards
 Rated load capacity for the lift (including workers, tools, materials, bucket liner, etc.)
 Manufacturer requirements, as outlined in operator manual
 Demonstration of skill and knowledge in actual operation of the aerial lift
b) Risk Analyses
•
HIRA must be done by a qualified person before each work.
c) Control of the all equipments before / during each work
•
See all the comments in the § “Before starting the work”
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Corporate Health & Safety 2011 – Lifting devices and equipments
3) Definitions
3.1) Lifting devices
Scissor lift
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Boom lift
Corporate Health & Safety 2011 – Lifting devices and equipments
Vehicle mounted
platforms
6
3) Definitions
3.2) Lifting equipments
Man- Basket for Forklifts
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Man- Basket for cranes
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4) Specifications for
lifting devices and equipments
• Mobile lifting equipment must be checked and certified by third party before use.
• Before the use the operator should become familiar with the operation manual and
all manufacturer warnings and specs for specific equipment (load limits, etc.).
• Use proper personal protective equipment as required by the ArcelorMittal safety
standards.
• Pre-shift equipment inspection, and work area survey.
• The mobile lifting equipment has to incorporate automatic beepers that create an
audio signal during movement. In loud work environments, a visual cue such as a
flashing light is also recommended.
• A guardrail system must be in place, to contain operators and passengers, along
with anchor points for safety harnesses.
• A guardrail system must be in place, to contain operators and passengers, along
with anchor points for safety harnesses.
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4) Specifications for
lifting devices and equipments
• Toe-boards around the floor of the platform itself and/or a tool tray must be in place to
avoid tools or supplies being accidentally kicked off the platform.
• Access gates should open inward and have safety latches that prevent accidental
opening.
4.1) Additional for Man – Baskets
• Only allowed when allowed by local law and in full compliance with that local law and
when no other classic solution is possible
• Man baskets must be designed by a qualified engineer.
• Baskets have to be capable of supporting their own weight and 5 times the maximum
intended load, both of which should be clearly indicated on the basket (see Data
plate).
• Additionally, man basket design should allow adequate headroom for workers.
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4) Specifications for
lifting devices and equipments
4.2) Additional for Crane Man – Baskets
• Hooking systems that attach the basket to the crane line must be able to be
closed and locked.
• The wire rope supporting the basket must be capable of supporting at least 7
times the intended load.
• Basket design must minimize tipping.
4.3) Additional for Forklift Man – Baskets
• A claw-system has to be put on place to fix the Man-Basket with the forks.
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5) Work Instructions for
lifting devices and equipments
• Before each work realize the specific Risk Assessments (Own and /or Contractors).
• Only workers trained in the task to be performed should be permitted in the basket
or platform when it is hoisted.
• Realize the demarcation to restrict access around the work area to protect others
below from falling objects.
• Before starting the work control that the demarcated area is clear of personnel.
• All controls and safety devices should be checked before each use, to ensure they
are working properly.
• Before moving the machine (translation), the basket or platform must be in the
lowered position to prevent them from tipping over, and all employees must be
warned before the move occurs
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5) Work Instructions for
lifting devices and equipments
• Workers are not permitted to access a lift equipment unless it is placed on an
approved surface. A surface must be relatively level, with no more than
3 degrees (+/-5%) of slope.
5%
• Extreme caution must be taken when using mobile lifting equipment close to
overhead power lines as electrocution may result if the lift comes in contact
with energized wiring.

Aerial lifts shall not be used near electric lines unless the lines have been deenergized or it is assured that adequate clearance will be maintained at all times
(the ArcelorMittal lock-out procedure must be applied all the time)
• Before entering or leaving the basket or platform ensure it is secured.
• Close the basket or platform door(s) after entering and take care that safety
latches do not open accidently.
• All tools and associated equipment must be safely stored in the basket or
platform
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5) Work Instructions for
lifting devices and equipments
• Workers must keep all body parts inside the basket or platform while it is being lifted.
• Never climb out and on the guardrails of the basket or platform when in lifting position
• Workers must wear all by the ArcelorMittal Standards required PPE
• The personal fall arrest (harness) devices must be worn and attached by lanyards to
the designed anchoring points in the basket or platform at all times.
• Never exceed the load-capacity limits of the manufacturer.
• Do not raise platform in windy or bad weather conditions (rain, snow, ..)
• Never tie off to an adjoining structure
• Keep the operator’s manual at the job site.
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5) Work Instructions for
lifting devices and equipments
5.1) Additional for Crane Man – Baskets
• Bridles, links and shackles are parts of the rigging system supporting the Man Basket and must be used only for that purpose, and all hooks and attachment
mechanisms must be capable of closing and locking to avoid the possibility that a
hook may open while the basket is suspended.
• All controls and safety devices, on the mobile crane and the man basket, should
be checked to ensure they are working properly.
• After workers enter the basket, but before they are fully hoisted, the man basket
should be lifted a few (inches, cm) and inspected to ensure rigging lines are clear
of obstructions and are not bended, the primary rigging attachment is centered
over the basket, weight is spaced evenly in the basket, and that the crane
remains stable.
• You need a lift plan before starting a safe work (when working with 1 crane or
more)
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5) Work Instructions for
lifting devices and equipments
5.2) Additional for Forklifts Man – Baskets
• The forklift must be adapted to Man-Basket and its balance must be
guaranteed all the time.
• Before lifting, the security chain on both sides of the basket must be
fixed on the forklift and the basket itself onto both forks.
• The Forklift may not be moved when the mast is elevated in a working
position with or without personnel in the basket.
• No driving with the worker inside the basket.
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6) Proper And Safe Use Of Scissor and Boom Lifts
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use scissor lifts properly:
Before starting the work
•
Realize the Pre-shift inspection for the scissor lift and all used equipment.
•
Use signs and cones to create work-zone warnings near high traffic areas.
•
Check area in which aerial lift will be used for: Holes, drop-offs, bumps, debris, etc.
and overhead obstructions and overhead power lines
•
Wheels and outriggers /stabilisers where fitted, are to be used systematically and
must rest a on solid & level ground. Avoid soft ground, side slope or other
conditions which may affect the stability of the unit.
Especially for Boom Lifts
•
February 11th 2011
Use equipment only for its intended purpose. Boom-lifts are not cranes!
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6) Proper And Safe Use Of Scissor and Boom Lifts
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use scissor lifts properly:
During the work time
•
All personnel are clear of the scissor path
•
That movement of the scissor will not bring any part of the scissor within
the minimum distance from live overhead conductors as specified.
•
Use and proper fitting of fall arrest (harness) device and stay all the time
attached by lanyards to the designed anchor points and do not climb out of
the platform when in lifting position.
•
Never move the scissor lift as long as it is not in fully lowered position.
Especially for Boom Lifts
•
February 11th 2011
An Boom lift truck may not be moved when the boom is elevated in a working
position with personnel in the basket, except for equipment that is specifically
designed for this type of operation.
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6) Proper And Safe Use Of Scissor and Boom Lifts
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use scissor lifts properly:
End of work
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•
Clean the demarcated restrict work-zone and store the used
warning-signs and cones.
•
Take off all tools and associated equipment; assure they are
safely stored from the lift platform.
•
Drive back to the lifting device / equipment parking zone only
when the unit is in fully lowered position and take into account
the in the plant allowed maximum speed.
•
To prevent unauthorized usage of the lifting device / equipment ,
lock it by taking off the key.
•
If at any time, a lifting device / equipment is found in need of
repair, defective, or in any way unsafe, the matter shall be
reported immediately to the supervisor and the matter solved
before (re)using the equipment
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7) Proper And Safe Use
Of Vehicle Mounted Platform
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Vehicle Mounted Platform properly :
Before starting the work
•
Realize the Pre-shift inspection / safety control for the vehicle and all used
equipment and control the safety and inspections certificates of the vehicle
•
Use signs and cones to create work-zone warnings near high traffic areas.
•
Wheels and outriggers /stabilisers where fitted, are on a on solid & level ground.
Avoid soft ground, side slope or other conditions which may affect the stability of
the unit.
•
The brakes shall be set and outriggers shall be positioned on pads or a solid
surface. Wheel chocks shall be installed before using a vehicle mounted platform
•
An aerial lift truck may not be moved when the boom is elevated in a working
position with personnel in the basket, except for equipment that is specifically
designed for this type of operation.
During the work time
February 11th 2011
•
A boom lift truck may not be moved when the boom is elevated in a working position
with personnel in the basket, except for equipment that is specifically designed for this
type of operation
•
Do not raise boom unless the machine is level or on a level surface.
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7) Proper And Safe Use
Of Vehicle Mounted Platform
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Vehicle Mounted Platform properly :
During the work time
1. In many cases one will tend to set up the equipment on the side of
the road, working place,… so as not to block traffic, production, …
This is fine, but do not do this if the ground is not level or you are
unable to level the vehicle.
2. In the example above, the distance between the centre of gravity
of the truck and the tipping point (outrigger pad) has been reduced,
thus reducing the safe working load.
3. Even though it appears that it would still be within safe working
parameters, if you add a few dynamic conditions (wind, erratic
booming or soft soil), it greatly increases the possibility of a tip
over.
End of work
•
February 11th 2011
You have to apply the same rules as for the scissor lifts.
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8) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket
for Cranes
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Man- Basket for Cranes properly:
Before starting the work
February 11th 2011
•
Control the safety and inspections certificates of the crane, basket and
the driving license of the crane driver.
•
The brakes shall be set and outriggers shall be positioned on pads or a
solid surface. Wheel chocks shall be installed before using a vehicle
mounted platform
•
Install a barricade,
covering the full swing radius
•
A trained ground stand-by person must guide all travel and work of any
mobile crane operating in or outside a building.
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8) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket
for Cranes
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Man- Basket for Cranes properly:
During the work time
•
The crane may not be moved and the outriggers not removed when the boom is
elevated in a working position with or without personnel in the basket.
•
Do not raise basket in windy or bad weather conditions (rain, snow, ..)
•
The worker in the basket and the crane driver have to be in contact all the time
(visual and by walky-talky,…)
End of work
•
February 11th 2011
You have to apply the same rules as for the Lifting devices.
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9) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket
for Forklifts
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Man- Basket for Forklifts properly:
Before starting the work
February 11th 2011
•
Realize the Pre-shift inspection for the Forklift and the basket and all used
equipment.
•
Use signs and cones to create work-zone warnings near high traffic areas.
•
Check area in which forklift will be used for: Holes, drop-offs, bumps, debris, etc.
and overhead obstructions and overhead power lines. Avoid soft ground, side
slope or other conditions which may affect the stability of the unit.
•
The tilt lever of the forklift (to set the angle of the mast) should be locked out or
made inoperable
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9) Proper And Safe Use Of Man- Basket
for Forklifts
Here are some important tips to help ensure that you use Man- Basket for Cranes properly:
During the work time
•
Do not raise basket in windy or bad weather conditions (rain, snow, ..)
•
The worker in the basket and the crane driver have to be all the time in visual
contact.
•
Do not raise mast unless the machine is in a safe un-level position.
End of work
•
February 11th 2011
You have to apply the same rules as for the Lifting devices.
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10) Hazards
10.1) Tip-Over Hazards
•
•
•
•
Do not place or attach suspended loads to any part of the machine.
Do not use the machine for crane purposes.
Don’t exceed the machine’s capacity
Know the rated load of the machine
• Maximum load includes:
 Personnel
 Materials
 Tools
•
Distribute the load evenly
•
•
Never use the machine to hoist unless it is specifically designed to do so.
If the machine is designed to hoist, refer to the load chart and operator’s manual for the
capacity of the machine. Do not exceed.
Do not place ladders or scaffolds in platform or against any part of the machine.
While elevated in an aerial platform, do not push or pull any object outside of the platform.
Check operator’s manual for specific wind speed limits
•
•
•
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10.2) Electrocution Hazards
Volts
•
•
•
•
Maintain safe distances from electrical power lines.
Keep away from machine if it contacts power lines.
Stay away from live power lines.
Maintain at least a 10 foot (3m) distance from the power line
during all activities (see the table on the right)
•
If you must work near live power lines, make sure they are
de-energized.
Insulated booms are not a fail-safe measure from electrocution.
Booms that are insulated must be dielectric tested often.
Note: Dirty booms or contaminated hydraulic fluid can be a
conductor of electricity
•
•
•
•
•
•
<50 kV
200 kV
Distance
from Power Line
10 Feet (3m)
15 Feet (4.5m)
Survey the area before work begins for the presence of
overhead wires
Never assume an overhead wire is safe to touch
Don’t touch a fallen overhead power line
An employee should be designated to monitor
the cranes proximity to power lines
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10.2) Electrocution Hazards
10.2.1) What If Engines Contacts Power Line
• Don’t panic
• Stay at controls
• Try to move boom away from line
• If you must get out of machine:
• Jump clear and don’t touch machine while on ground.
• Keep feet together and hop away or shuffle your feet until
you have cleared area.
(Current can flow outward through the ground in a ripple effect from the
equipment in contact with the power line.)
• If a co-worker contacts a power line do not try to rescue them or
you could be shocked too.
• Do not touch any equipment that is in contact with live power
lines. Contact your internal electricians maintenance to Lock-out
/Tag-out the power lines and to check whether lines are live.
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11) Main causes of accidents (Scissor lift)
•
•
•
Don’t use inappropriate
lifting devices
(wrong height, working with
ladders onto a lifted
platform, no harness + …..)
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•
•
Navigating lifts through
and underneath narrow
or low clearances
Never get out of the
scissor lift
PPE such as a full
body harness may be
worn when working at
elevation
Employees shall not
use the rails of the
scissor lift to stand on
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11) Main causes of accidents ( Boom lift)
• Wheels and outriggers
/stabilisers where NOT
fitted, and NO solid &
level ground. The
stability of the unit was
not guarantied.
• I just can't understand why
someone who is working on
a lift that has plenty of
reach finds it necessary to
stand on the guardrail.
February 11th 2011
• An unsafe work with a short
guy in height, so he added
these step rails to be able
to reach farther.
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11) Main causes of accidents (Man-Basket Forklift)
• This is a rough terrain forklift
with a man basket on it.
The
front of the man basket has
been removed.
• This goes without
saying!!!
• A risky way to change a light bulb!!
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11) Main causes of accidents (Man-Basket Forklift)
• Almost all counterbalanced powered industrial trucks supported at three points.
This is true even if the vehicle has four wheels.
The truck's steer axle is attached to the truck by a pivot pin in the axle's center.
When this point is connected to the front wheels with imaginary lines, this threepoint support forms a triangle called the stability triangle.
So long as the center of gravity (CG) remains within this stability triangle, the truck
is stable and will not tip over.
• If the CG moves forward of the drive axle,
the truck tends to tip forward (longitudinal).
If the CG moves outside of the stability triangle,
the truck tends to turn on its side (lateral).
What factors have caused
trucks to tip forward?
February 11th 2011
What factors have caused
trucks to tip over on their side?
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11) Main causes of accidents (Man-Basket Forklift)
• A forklift balances a load with a counterweight at the back.
The front wheels act as a fulcrum or balance point.
The center of gravity moves upward when the forks are raised.
• Keep in your mind, if working (staying) on a not level ground your
center of gravity falls out of the seen triangle (longitudinal or
lateral) and the truck is unstable and will tip over.
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12) Questions (1/3)
1.
Who may operate an aerial lift?




2.
What type of fall restraint is required?




3.
a) All employees.
b) Only authorized personnel.
c) Skilled craftsman.
d) Your Supervisor.
a) Body belt.
b) Full body harness with lanyard attached to the boom or basket.
c) None.
d) Anything you want.
How many items can be stacked on the floor of the basket?




a) None.
b) Anything up to 150 kg ( 330 lbs)
c) Varies with the weight of the personnel.
d) As many as you can get.
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12) Questions (2/3)
4.
What is the distance that must be maintained when operating near
electrical lines?




5.
A daily checklist must be filled out before operating an aerial platform
list


6.
a) The width of the basket.
b) Half the elevation of the platform.
c) 10 ft up to 50 kV
d) 50 feet from all power lines
True
False
A ground control is the place you ground electrical circuits on the aerial
lift


True
False
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12) Questions (3/3)
7.
The operator must keep his/her arms legs and other body parts inside
the basket while operating the aerial lift


8.
An aerial lift may be modified by anyone


9.
True
False
True
False
The Dead-man switch must be pressed before the aerial lift will operate


True
False
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