Lab Exercises
1. Road crossing time for all animals [Google Earth]
2. Possum Start/end activity from ACC
3. Male Raccoon Start/end activity from ACC
4. Female Raccoon Start/end activity from ACC
5. ODBA Over time [excel & pivot]
6. Distance moved per night, over time [excel & pivot]
7. Interactions between individuals.
8. Plot den sites (daytime locations)
1. Road Crossings
• Question: What time of day do animals cross the
roads?
• Methods:
– Download google earth data in 1-week intervals
starting 8/26/13 for each animal .
– Step through animals nightly tracks slowly
– Identify crossings, note ‘local time stamp’, estimate
time f crossing
– Record data in excel sheet
• Results:
– Create Google map with color coded dots showing
interesting patters (species/time etc…)
– Make a graph showing your results
2, 3, 4, Start and End of Activity
• Question: what time of day do the animals start and end their activity
period?
• Methods:
– Download ACC Viewer, be sure to update Java, run program.
https://www.3dyne.com/movebank-acceleration-viewer/download/
– Within Program, Download data from tag id:
– Login
– Zoom in/out, note start/end of activity for each night of activity (float cursor
over cell and note date_time in bottom left), record in excel. Note time is
UTC, but excel is set up to convert to EST
– Type in sunset/sunrise times for each date (suggest on separate laptop) note
daylight savings time (+1hr) and get from
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/RS_OneYear.php
– Note any extensive daytime activity
• Results
– Graph Start time and sunset over time
– Graph end time and sunrise over time
– Graph active time period length over time
5. Energy Expenditure over time
• Question: how does the energy expenditure/activity level vary over time?
• Methods
– Download ACC Viewer, be sure to update Java, run program.
https://www.3dyne.com/movebank-acceleration-viewer/download/
– Within Program, Download data from tag id:
– Login
– Experimental/export ODBA, save file, open in excel
– Make day, hour, and day_hr column in excel (cut_paste excel blue text)
– Use excel Crosstabs to calculate average values per day, hour, and day_hr.
cut/paste these values into a new worksheet.
– Repeat for all 3 animals
• Results
–
–
–
–
Graph average daily odba over time.
Graph average hourly odba over time
Graph averge day_hr odba over time
Bonus, plot hourly averages for each day as separate lines on the same graph
6. Distance moved per night
• Question: How far did the animals move per night.
• Methods
–
–
–
–
Download data from Movebank as excel
Delete all rows missing location data
Sort by animal, then ‘local timestamp’
Use UTM coordinates & Pythagorean's theorem to calculate the
distance moved in each time step.
– Make day, hour, and day_hr column in excel (blue text in odba
worksheet )
– Use excel Crosstabs to calculate average values per day, hour, and
day_hr. cut/paste these values into a new worksheet.
– Repeat for all 3 animals
• Results
– Graph average daily movement rate over time.
– Graph average hourly movement rate over time
– Graph averge day_hr movement rate over time
7. Interactions between animals
• How often, and where, do animals interact
• Methods
–
–
–
–
–
–
Download from: http://web.engr.illinois.edu/~klei2/movemine/
Run the the file: MiningToolsFx.jar
Login:
Select NCSU Campus Carnivores, Download from server
Set Gap(min) 15, ThreshGap(hr) 2
Click Mining/ Distance Calculation, save image (png) and data (csv).
Look at data
– Click mining/significance. Keep 100 rounds of simulation, try 20, 50,
100, 250m. Save the ones you think are meaningful.
– Click mining/plot trajectories. Get KML file. Try each pair of individuals.
Start with 25m and 30min, then try other variations.
– Open KML’s in Google Earth, save interesting maps.
• Results
– Distance and significance matrices
– Screen/shots telling main results of interaction sites
8. Den Sites
• Question: where do animals spend the day?
• Methods
–
–
–
–
–
Download data from Movebank as excel file
Make a new column for hour using local time
Load data into GIS as shape file
Make map showing results
Summarize results per animal (# of dens) and per den
site (# of visit)
• Results
– Map(s) showing dens
– Graphs showing summary statistics
Movebank Download
1.
Movebank.org
Click the Map
2.
Search NCSU
Click magnifying
glass to zoon
Click + to open
animals
Check options
3.
Click the i button
‘studies page’
Has dates,
overview
Go back to map
4.
I button
Download
Select data type, download type,
date range
ACC How To
•
•
•
•
•
•
Red/Blue/Green shows x/y/z axes accelerometer values
Yellow bars at top show where GPS data is collected
Mouse wheel to zoom in/out
Click/Drag to move right/left
Zoom in to see gray bars showing separate bursts
Float cursor over data to see date/time in bottom left, in UTC
Google Earth How To
Use +/- to zoom in/out on time scale
Move front & rear slider to
control how many dots are
shown at once
Use forward & reverse arrows to move
forward/backward in time steps (step length
will depend on zoom level)
These are our results from 2013
Hector’s Homerange
Heidi Homerange
Hilda Homerange
Daily ODBA
16000
14000
12000
ODBA
10000
Hector
8000
Heidi
Hilda
6000
4000
2000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
Day
Daily energy use per day over the course of the study. Interesting to see the different
overall values between the three animals, and also the few days adjustment at the
beginning after the anesthesia (day 1)
Accelerometer Data:
Active vs. inactive periods
Initial data – begins during anesthesia recovery
Daily Activity patterns (from ODBA)
Possum starts activity later and continues all night. Raccoon starts earlier but
has midnight rest followed by early AM pulse (bimodal)
20000
20000
18000
18000
Possum
Raccoon
16000
16000
14000
14000
ODBA
12000
12000
10000
10000
8000
8000
6000
6000
4000
4000
2000
2000
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
10
10
11
11
12
12 13
13
Hour
14
14
15
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Opossum active period length over time
Active Period
12:00:00
Number of Hours Active
9:00:00
6:00:00
3:00:00
0:00:00
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
Day Number
36
41
46
51
56
Male raccoon start and end of activity vs. sunset and sunrise
20:38
20:09
19:40
19:12
18:14
Start Time
17:45
Sunset
17:16
16:48
16:19
15:50
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
8
Day
Day
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
0:00
1:12
2:24
3:36
Time
Time
18:43
4:48
6:00
7:12
8:24
9:36
Sunrise
End Time
Female raccoon start and end of activity vs. sunrise and sunset
Pushes activity much closer to dawn than the male
19:12
18:43
18:14
Time of Day
17:45
17:16
Start time
16:48
Sunset
16:19
15:50
15:21
14:52
9:36
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Study Day
8:24
Time of Day
7:12
6:00
4:48
End time
3:36
Sunrise
2:24
1:12
0:00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Study Day
Time of day they crossed roads
No avoidance of busy periods by raccoon, but some by possum
Male Raccoon
Female Possum
4
14
12
3
Number of times
Number of times
10
8
6
2
4
1
2
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time (military time)
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Time (military time)
Total Daily Movement
Total Daily Movement of Study Animals
4000
3500
Distance Traveled (Meters)
3000
2500
Hector
2000
Heidi
1500
Hilda
1000
500
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Day of Study
Night Hector got
hit by a car
Possible Meeting Locations of Hector
(raccoon) and Hilda (Opossum)
Actual Meeting Locations of Hector
(Raccoon) and Hilda (Opossum)
NONE
Possible Meeting Locations for Hilda and
Heidi
Actual Meeting Locations for Hilda and Heidi
NONE
Heidi (Raccoon) and Hector (Raccoon) Actual Meeting Locations