Technical College / Mosul
Department : Building & Construction Techniques Engineering
Subject : Fluid Mechanics
Class : Second Year
Hours : 2 hours ( Theoretical )
Objectives :
The student will learn fluid properties , characteristics and types of flow , and
the basic equations used in design and analysis of practical problems . The
student will also be able design the widely used open channels , as well as the
pipe network and related apparatus .
Week
1
2,3
4,5
6
7,8
9 , 10
11 , 12
13 , 14 , 15
16
17 , 18
19 , 20
Syllabus
SI Units , dimensions , symbols , abbreviations , and conversion
factors . Rational and empirical equations .
Development of fluid mechanics , Properties of fluids ; density ,
specific weight , viscosity , compressibility , etc. Characteristics of
flow ; discharge , velocity , shear ,pressure etc.
Fluid statics ; absolute and gage pressure , pressure measurement
; Bourden gage , piezometer column , simple manometer ,
differential manometers . Hydrostatic forces on plane and curved
surfaces , center of pressure .
Kinematics of fluid flow ; classification of types of flow ;
streamlines ; flow net ; continuity equation .
Energy equation for steady flow ; kinetic , potential and internal
energy ; hydraulic grade line and energy line ; cavitation ; power ;
solution of flow problems ; jet trajectory .
Momentum in fluid flow ; impulse momentum principle ;
momentum correction factor ; forces on pressure conduits ; forces
on stationery blades ; forces on moving blades ; jet reaction ;
forces exerted on open channel structures .
Hydraulic similitude ; geometric similarity , kinematic similarity
dynamic similarity , Reynolds Number , Froude Number , Mach
Number , Weber Number , Euler Number , scale ratios ; models ;
dimensional analysis
Steady flow in pressure conduits ; laminar and turbulent flow ;
critical flow ; hydraulic radius ; general equation for conduit
friction ; friction for laminar flow ; friction for turbulent flow ;
pipe roughness ; friction factor charts ; empirical equations for
pipe flow ; economical diameter of pipes .
Minor head losses ; loss at entrance ; loss at submerged discharge
; loss due to contraction ; loss due to expansion ;loss in pipe
fittings ; loss in bend and elbows , etc.
Solution of pipe flow problems ; pipeline with pumps .
Equivalent pipes ; branching pipes ; pipes in series ; pipes in
parallel . Hazen – Williams formula .
21 , 22
23 , 24 25
26 , 27 , 28
29 , 30
Pipe networks ; Hardy cross method ; computer aided pipe –
network analysis
Open channel flow ; Chezy and Manning formulae ; solution of
uniform flow problems ; most efficient cross section ; partial flow
in circular cross sections ; subcritical and supercritical flow ;
critical depth in non rectangular channels ; hydraulic jump ;
hydraulic of culverts .
Fluid measurements ; measurement of fluid properties ;
measurement of static pressure ; velocity measurement by
different methods ; measurement of discharge ; orifices ; nozzles ;
coefficients of contraction ; coefficient of velocity ; coefficient of
discharge ; Venturi tube ; nozzle meter ; orifice meter ;
rectangular weirs ; triangular weirs ; board crested weir ;
overflow spillway ; sluice gate . Measurement of liquid surface
elevation . Other methods of measuring discharges ; elbow meter ;
rotameter .
Unsteady flow problems ; discharge with varying head . Unsteady
flow in pipes . Water hammer . Surge tanks .
References
1. Daugherty, R. L. et al ( Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Application ) ,
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
2. Albertson, M. L. et al. ( Fluid Mechanics for Engineers )
3. Morris, H. , M. and Wiggert, J. M. ( Applied Hydraulics in Engineering )
.
4. Venard & Street ( Elementary Fluid Mechanics )
5. Giles, R. V. ( Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics ) McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Schaum outline series .
6. Khurmi ( A Text Book of Fluid Mechanics ) , S. Chand & Company
Ltd.
. ‫ جميل ( مباديء ميكانيك الموائع ) مطبعة جامعة بغداد‬، ‫ المالئكة‬.7