VOCABULARIO SELE CTIVIDAD 2012/2013
TOPIC 1
RELATIVES: MEMBERS OF YOUR FAMILY
Male
Brothers and sisters
Your parents’ parents
Your parents’ brother and sister
Your aunt’s / uncle’s children
The father and mother of the person you marry
The brother and sister of the person you marry
Your brother’s / sister’s children
If the person you marry dies, you are a…
If your mother or father remarries, you have a…
Female
Siblings
Grandfather
Uncle
Cousin
Father-in-law
Brother-in-law
Nephew
Widower
Stepfather
Grandmother
Aunt
Mother-in-law
Sister-in-law
Niece
Widow
Stepmother
TALKING ABOUT FAMILY AND FRIENDS
Twins = Two children born to one mother at the same time
Take after = Be similar to someone in appearance and / or character
Look like = The appearance is similar to someone
Close family = Have a good relationship / See each other a lot
Be an only child = Without brothers or sisters
FAMILY NAMES
First names are Ann, George….
Family name = Surname (It is the one that all the family have)----}Smith, Sweeney…
Full name is all the names you have ----} Ann Smith, George Sweeney
*In countries where English is spoken, you only say one surname and the woman who marries takes the surname
of the husband.
CHANGING TIMES
In some parts of the world, couples may live together but don’t get married. In this relationship they
often call each other their PARTNER.
Where the child or children live (s) with just one parent, especially after the parents have separated and they
don’t live together any more, these are sometimes called SINGLE-PARENT FAMILIES
FRIENDS
An old friend , someone you have known for a long time
A close friend, a good friend or someone or you like and trust
Your best friend, the one friend you feel closest to
Classmates, other people in your class
Flatmates, people you share a house / flat with who are not your family
Colleagues, people you work with, they may or may not be friends
EX
We use this for a relationship that we had in the past but don’t have now:
-The children stay with my ex-husband at the weekend
-I saw an ex-girlfriend of mine at the disco last night
DESCRIBING A RELATIONSHIP
Confiar = Trust / Rely on
Entre nosotros hay confianza= We are very close
There is a very close relation between us
Cuento con la confianza de mis padres= My parents have full confidence in me
Un amigo de confianza= A reliable / trusted friend
ROLES PEOPLE HAVE IN A HOUSEHOLD (Las funciones que las personas tienen en sus casas)
El cabeza de familia= The head of a household
Tareas del hogar= Chores, tasks -------} I do the Shopping, I buy the food and household goods
I do the washing (wash the clothes)
I do the washing-up (wash the dishes)
I do the ironing
I make the beds
I cook
I tidy up my room
I clean my room
Tenemos una señora que limpia= We have a cleaner, she does most of the housework
English and Irish families have got this kind of life:
In the morning parents leave home early and get to work by 9 a.m, they have a lunch break and usually a
couple of short breaks during the day. They leave work around 5 and get home about 6.
RESPONSABILITIES
Verbs which are linked to having children:
-Bring up (Educar)
-Rear (Criar)
-Raise (Criar)
-Adopt (Adoptar)
-Take care of = Care for = Look after (Cuidar)
-Support (Apoyar)
-Punish (Castigar)
-Scold = Tell somebody off (Regañar)
-Discuss = Talk about …social life, family, different issues (Hablar sobre)
SENTENCES 1. Se educa a los hijos para que hagan elecciones en sus vidas
Children are educated to make choices in life
2. Los adolescentes sufren un cambio físico y emocional que puede llegar a asustar
Teens go through a physical and emotional development which can be frightening
3. Los adolescentes comparten sus pensamientos con los amigos y se divierten con ellos
Teens share thoughts with friends and have fun with them
4. Los adolescentes idolatran a los futbolistas famosos, cantantes, actores…
Teens idolize popular footballers, fingers, actors…
5. Los adolescentes sueñan con el éxito, la aventura, el amor, los romances, la fama…
Teens have daydreams of success, adventure, love, romance and fame…
TEENS BREAK THE RULES
-Replying rudely to their parents
-Coming back home later than they should
-Smoking, drinking, taking drugs, rolling joints (liandose porros)
-Being tattooed without asking for permission
-Having ears, tongues, lips,eyebrows, belly buttons pierced
TOPIC 2
CINEMA
Films are show non a screen (=pantalla)
Some films have subtitles (=a written translation at the botton of the screen)
Some films are dubbed (=The English is replaced by actors speaking the words in your own language)
The person who makes the film is the director
People who act in the film are actors or actresses
Famous actors are often called film stars or celebrities
TYPES OF FILMS
War film
Romance (= a love story / about a relationship)
Thriller (=interesting and exciting, often about crime)
Disaster movie (e.g Titanic)
Action film (e.g Indiana Jones)
Horror film (e.g Dracula)
Comedy (=Funny film, makes you laugh)
Romantic comedy (=love story and funny)
DESCRIBING FILMS
Journalists who write about films are called critics. Their articles are called reviews. These are some common words
they use:
-Brilliant /superb/fantastic acting
-Very moving (=has a big effect on our emotions; often sad)
-Violent scenes (=Scenes including fighting and death)
-An awful /dreadful /terrible film
-A slow film (=boring)
-A gripping story (=exciting / interesting)
-good fun (=enjoyable but not serious)
-A complex plot (=story with many ideas)
TELLING THE STORY
The film is set (=happens) in the 1990s. It is about (=the subject/ the story is) a young man from a poor background
(=family history and situation), who meets a girl and they fall in love. But her family don’t accept him, so they run away
(=escape).At first (=in the beginning) everything is fine, but then things go wrong (=problems appear in their situation)
and she has to leave him or they will be unhappy.
RADIO
To broadcast
emitir
Announcer
locutor/a
Commentator comentarista
TV Commercial anuncio
Commercial break
Pausa publicitaria
DJ
Pinchadiscos
Interview
Entrevista
Interviewer
Entrevistador/a
Listener
Oyente
Live
En directo
Phone-in
Programa de micrófono abierto
TELEVISION, TELLY,SILLY BOX
Ads=Advertisements=Adverts=TV commercials (anuncios publicitarios)
To change /Switch channels /Turn over =Cambiar de canal,hacer zapping
Remote control=Mando a distancia
TV presenter=Presentador de TV
Newsreader=Newscaster =Presentador de informativos
Weatherman=Hombre del tiempo
Viewer=Spectator=Espectador
Audience=Público
Studio= Estudio de TV
USING A TELEVISION
Plug the TV in = Conectarla la TV
Turn the TV on # Turn the TV off Encender la TV y apagar la TV Other possibilities “Switch on # Switch off)
Turn the TV up (=increase the volume) # Turn the TV down Subir y Bajar el volumen
TYPES OF PROGRAMME
Soap opera= Telenovela
Quiz show=Game show =Programa concurso---]Individuals or teams- called contestants answer questions or play
different games against each other. The winner gets a prize, it can be money or a holiday
Documentary=A film with factual information, often about a problem in society
Series: Comedy
Drama
Current affairs=Programmes about a social or political problem.
Current means “happening now, at the present time” (Actuales)
News=Noticias
Weather forecast= Información del tiempo
TV IN GREAT BRITAIN
At the moment there are 5 terrestrial channels or stations on TV:
BBC 1, BBC 2, ITV 1,Channel 4,
Channel 5.
If viewers pay extra, they can have a satellite dish and receive satellite TV, or pay to have cable TV.
There are many channels available disponible.
TALKING TV
¿Que echan por la tele?= What’s on TV tonight? /What programmes are showing on TV tonight?
¿Echan algo por la tele?= Is there anything on TV tonight?
¿A qué hora es la película?=
What time is the film showing?
Me gustan bastante los anuncios publicitarios=
I quite like televisión commercials
¿Echan el juego en directo o es grabado?=
Are they showing the game live (=as it happens) or
just recorded highlights (=parts of the game after it
has been played, eg: later in the day/evening)
Echan “Sexo en Nueva York” esta noche,es una repetición,ya lo he visto=“Sex, in New York” is on tonight, but it’s a
repeat (=the programme has been on TV before).I
heave seen it
¿Cual es tu programa favorito?= What’s your favourite programme? /What is the programme you
like most /best)
TOPIC 3
HOBBIES
-Me tomo el deporte en serio, es muy importante para mi y cuando realizo juegos de equipo, soy muy competitivo/a, intento
hacer lo mejor posible y siempre quiero ganar.
I take sport very seriously, sport is very important to me and when I play team games I’m very competitive, I try
hard and always want to win.
-Yo soy justo lo contrario, solo juego para divertirme
I am the complete opposite, I only play for fun, for amusement
-Me gusta y sigo/apoyo a mi equipo favorito
I like and follow/support my favourite team
-La tecnología actual ha cambiado la forma en la que la gente emplea su tiempo libre
Modern technology has changed the manner in which people use their free time
-Paso mucho tiempo con Internet=I spend a lot of time using Internet
-Soy aficionado a mandar mensajes=I am really into texting my friends
-Me encanta salir, quedar con mis amigos=I love hanging out with my friends
-Me encanta relajarme y no hacer nada=I love relaxing and doing nothing
-Me encanta chatear=I love chatting
PASTIMES
To play cards= Jugar a las cartas
To play dicing= Jugar a los dados
To gamble in a casino= Jugar en un casino, apostando dinero
To play chess= Jugar al ajedrez
To play billiards= Jugar al billar
Going to the cinema= Ir al cine
Going to concerts= Ir a conciertos
Playing musical instruments= Tocar instrumentos musicales
Singing in a choir= Cantar en un coro
Collecting= Coleccionarse (algo)
Taking photographs= Hacer fotografías
Reading= Leer
Tiempo libre = Free time, spare time,leisure time
Actividades de tiempo libre = They are the activities you do in your spare time, spare /leisure activities
Estar interesado/a en = Be keen on, Be interested in, Be fond of
Ser bueno/malo en algo = Be good/bad at + verb in –ing
“I am good at painting pictures”
Disfrutar = Enjoy, have a good time
Estar entretenido = Be entertained, Be amused
Estar entusiasmado por algo = Be enthusiastic about
Me gusta = I love, I like, I enjoy
No me gusta = I can’t stand, I hate, I detest, I loathe
OUTDOOR AND INDOOR LEISURE ACTIVITIES
-Con frecuencia voy de acampada en verano
I often go camping in the summer
-Disfruto haciendo senderismo
I really love hiking
-Hago poca/ mucha escalada en roca en Gales
I do a bit of / a lot of rock climbing in Wales
-Correr/Hacer footing me mantiene en forma
Jogging keeps me fit/ keeps my body healthy
-Voy al gimnasio dos veces por semana
I go to the gym twice a week
-Hago aerobic y un poco de levantamiento de pesas(halterofilia)
I do aerobics and a bit of weightlifting
-Es caro hacerse socio de un club deportivo
It is expensive to join a Sports club
-Planeo aficionarme al golf cuando sea mayor
I plan to take up golf when I get older
-Tuve que dejar el atletismo pues me lastimé la espalda
I had to give up athletics alter I injured my back
-Necesitas hacer más ejercicio si quieres estar en forma
You need to do/ take more exercise if you want to get fit
BALL GAMES
OTHER SPORTS
Football
Basketball
Volleyball
Baseball
Hockey
Rounders
table tennis
tennis
rugby
golf
hurling
Pitch and Putt
Athletics
Motor racing
Swimming
Boxing
Skiing
Surfing
Snorkeling (Bucear con gafas)
Diving (Bucear,submarinismo)
Sailing (Navegar)
EQUIPMENT What you need to play the games
Boots
Botas
Training shoes,trainers Deportivas
Running shoes
Ski boots
Botas de esquí
Vest
Camiseta
Shorts
Pantalones cortos
Swimming costume
Traje de baño para mujer
Trunks
Traje de baño para hombre
Equipment
Racket
Bat
Bat
Stick
Clubs
Crash helmet
Trunks/Swimming costume
Gloves
Skis,sticks
Sport
Tennis
Baseball
Table tennis
Hockey
Golf
Rugby
Football
Athletics
Motor racing
Swimming
Boxing
Skiing
Things you can do with a ball
Hit it
Catch it
Throw it/ Pass it
Head it/ Kick it
Places=The playing area
Court
Rink
Course
Pitch
Pitch
Track
Circuit
Pool
Ring
Skislopes
AROUND THE PITCH there is an area for spectators / the crowd, people who watch the game. The total area is the stadium
PEOPLE Football and Rugby have a referee (Arbitro). The referee uses a whistle (Silbato) to control the game.
Tennis and baseball have an Umpire (Arbitro)
Sportsman /Sportswoman / Player (Deportista,jugador)
Winner (Ganador) / Loser (Perdedor)
VERBS
Spanish
Ganar
Perder
Batir
Empatar
Infinitive
Win
Lose
Beat
Draw
Examples:
Spain beat Netherlands 1-0
Netherlands lost to Spain 0.1
Spain won the match
Netherlands lost the match
Past simple
Won
Lost
Beat
Drew
Past participle
Won
Lost
Beaten
Drawn
If two teams / players have the same score,numbers of goals or points at full time, it is a draw (Es un empate)
When a game is in progress, we use lead (=ir ganando) to describe the position of the teams or players:
At half of the extra time Spain led Netherlands 1-0 (Lead Led Led)
TOPIC 4
Holiday (British English)= Vacation (American English)
Tourists=Holidaymakers (Veraneantes)=Travellers
To go on holiday= Ir de vacaciones
To travel= To do a journey, do a voyage, make a trip
Hacer las maletas =To pack
Deshacer las maletas =To unpack
Equipaje= Baggage, luggage
Maletas= Suitcases
Epoca alta=Peak Seaton
Epoca baja= Off Peak Seaton
Estaciones del año= Seasons……..}summer, spring, autumn, winter
Vacaciones de navidad= Christmas holidays
Vacaciones de semana santa= Easter holidays
Vacaciones propias de la ciudad= Local holidays,
Día festivo= Bank holiday
Un mes y medio= A month and a half
Una quincena= A fortnight
Centro turístico=Resort
Centro de veraneo en la costa= Seaside resort
Seaside=La playa
Beach=Playa de arena
Sand=Arena
Air-bed=colchón de aire
Deckchair=Hamaca
Bathe=Bañarse y tomar el sol
Lie in the sun=Tomar el sol
Be suntanned=Estar bronceado/a
Village=Pueblo
Town=Ciudad pequeña
City=Ciudad grande
Countryside=En el campo, campiña Inglesa
Abroad=En el extranjero
To go abroad=Salir al extranjero
Guided tour=Guía turística (Persona)
Guide book= Un libro de guía turística
Brochure=Folleto informativo
To take pictures you need a camera (Para hacer fotos,se necesita una camara)
Package Holiday=Viaje organizado ------}A trip is organised by a travel agency (Agencia de
Viajes) and everything is arranged by a travel agent
The travel insurance is included.
To go sightseeing=Hacer visitas de interés turístico
To go camping, you need a tent, a sleeping bag and a caravan
PEOPLE travel by plane,coach,train, ship.
PEOPLE stay at camp-sites (Campings)
Youth-hostels (Albergues)
B&B (Bed and Breakfast)
PEOPLE rent /hire apartments
stay at hotels
IN HOTELS
Habitación sencilla
Habitación doble
Pensión completa
Media pensión
single room
Double room
Full board=includes breakfast,lunch and dinner
Half board=includes breakfast and dinner
Recepcionista=recepcionist
Portero=doorman
Botones=porter
Camarera=Chambermaid
Limpiadora=Cleaning lady
Gafas de sol=Sunglasses
Aceite bronceador=Suntan oil
Crema bronceadora=Suntan cream
Protección total=Sunblock (For total protection, to avoid sunburnt or sunstroke=quemaduras o insolaciones)
DESCRIBING HOLIDAYS
Good
Great
Lovely
Nice
Wonderful
Superb
Stunning
Amazing
Terrible
HOW I FEEL
Happy
Content
Relaxed
I enjoyed myself
I need a break (Necesito un descanso)
I need a kick-start in my life (Necesito dar un empujón a mi vida)
I am torn between two possibilities: Castles in Scotland or sunbathing in Spain (Estoy indeciso entre..)
DESCRIBING PLACES I VISIT
The town is full of interesting places,areas,buildings
Some places are always packed, crowded, with many tourists
Brighton is a really lively place,full of life and activity and the nightlife is fantastic
It is important to ask for the currency of the country =Moneda
TO ASK IF IT IS “a good idea” TO VISIT A PLACE
Se usa BE WORTH+ ing/Noun:
-Si voy a España,merece la pena pasar unos día en Madrid? Si por supuesto y Barcelona también merece una visita.
If I go to Spain, is it worth spending a few days in Madrid?
Yes,definitely and Barcelona also worths a visit
TOPIC 5
Young = means in an early stage of life.
Adolescent= relating to a boy or a girl in the period between being a child and a grown person
Teenage= Belonging to the ages 13-19
Middle age= the years between youth and old age
EDUCATION
Educate= Schools and Universities educate people
Bring up= Parents bring up children
Schoolchild = Pupil= Student
Headmaster # Headmistress or Principal (both male and female)
Formteacher= Tutor
Teacher = at school or colleges
Professor= Lecturer ( at university)
The state system (= free education)
Age of 3
5
11
16
18
most go to nursery school
everyone starts primary school
Pupils go to secondary school
go to a college for vocational (=job) training e.g Hotel management, secretarial
courses…
stay at school for two more years (Take A levels)
leave school and get a job
leave school and go to university, go to a college for further information/training e.g:
Teaching , business studies…. or get a job.
There are public /independent /private schools and parents pay to send their children to these schools.
The school fees are expensive. About 7-10% of the population go to private schools in the UK.
Subjects (=topics you study)
arts
English
French, German, Spanish
History
Geography
Art, Music
sciences
Maths
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Information Technology (=about computers and communication)
Timetabe: The school day is divided into 6 -7 lessons in different subjects, with a break (=period of rest between
work) in the morning and afternoon. There is also a one-hour lunch break.
The school year is usually divided into 3 terms (=periods of study). Each term is about 13 weeks, and each
week pupils do about 10 subjects. At the end of school year they do /take an exam in each subject.
After the holidays, pupils go back to school.
Success
I passed my exam
I did very well
I got nine out of ten for my homework. (=9/10)
I got a very high mark (=18/20)
I got a good grade (=B+)
I’m good at English
Failure
I failed my exam
I did very badly
I got three out of ten for my homework
I got a very low mark
I didn’t get a very good grade (=D-)
I’m hopeless/bad at maths
At university: You can do /study these subjects:
medicine
engineering
architecture
agriculture
law
psychology
politics
history
Art
philosophy
sociology
business studies
economics
If you want to go to /enter university, you must first pass examinations that most students take at the age of 18
(called “A” levels)
Students usually take 3 or 4 “A” levels (=examinations in 3 or 4 subjects) and they must do well to get a place at
university.
If you get a place, most students have to pay part of their tuition fees (=money for teaching).
Some students also get a government grant (= money to pay for living expenses, eg food and somewhere to
live).
Most of students need a loan (=money you borrow from a bank) to cover the cost of university life.
Students at university are called undergraduates.
Most university courses last 3 years, some courses last four years and one or two courses,e.g medicine are 5
years.
During this period, students can say they are doing a degree, and when they finish and pass their exams, they
have a degree: This can be a BA (=bachelor of arts) or a BSc (=bachelor of science).
When you complete your first degree, you are a graduate.
Some students go on to do a second degree, called a postgraduate course/degree. These students are
postgraduates and they study:
an MA (master of arts), MSc (master of science) a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy).
When people are studying one subject in great detail, They are doing research.
QUALITIES of students: clever, intelligent, brainy, bright
be absent-minded (distraido)
introvert, shy, timid #extrovert, sociable, friendly, popular
WORK: DUTIES, PAY AND CONDITIONS
To work=Trabajar (Uncountable)
Job=employment (Countable)
workers=staff=employees=personnel
boss=manager=employer=director
Businessman,woman,people= gente de negicos
Full time job= you work regularly
Part -time job= You work only part of the day or week
Do flexitime (=They can start work earlier or finish later)
Do shiftwork (=Work at different times)
Do overtime (=work extra hours for more money)
WHAT DO YOU DO? ¿A qué te dedicas?
WHAT’S YOR JOB?
WHAT DO YOU DO FOR A LIVING?
employed by DUMESA
I’m self-employed =I work for myself
I’m an architect
I work in designing houses
I work for DUMESA (The name of the company)=I am
WHAT DOES THAT INVOLVE?= WHAT DO YOU DO IN YOUR JOB? (Your responsibilities, duties,daily routine)
General duties/responsibilities:
Daily duties:
I’m in charge of……………me encargo de
I’m responsible for………..soy reponsable de
I deal with /handle…………trato con
I run the coffee bar in the museum….dirijo la cafeteria del museo
I have to go to /attend a lot of meetings
I visit/see/meet clients
I advise clients
My job involves travelling
Most workers are paid every month, this is called a salary = They earn a salary
Some people are paid for the hours they work, the wage
People can get sick pay (=they are paid when they are ill)
The total amount of money you receive in a year is called income. You have to pay part part of your income to
the government: Income tax.
POINTS TO NOTICE WHEN SOMEONE IS CHOSEN FOR A PROFFESIONAL JOB:
-smart appearance
-education
-references
-politeness
-voice-accent
-family background
-qualifications:Degrees,languages…
To employ # To unemploy (emplear #desemplear)
Ser despedido: be dismissed, be discharged, be fired, be sacked, be redundant
Ser ascendido: Be / get promoted, advance workers in rank
Tener un trabajo fijo o temporal I have got a permanent job / temporary job
Tener un trabajo de jornada completa I have got a nine-to-five job
Estar buscando trabajo
I am looking for a job
Dimitir Resign, leave the job, quit
Jubilarse
retire, stop working completely
Me han ofrecido un trabajo
I have been offered a job
Solicitar apply for
Aceptar accept
Rechazar
turn down
Conseguir un aumento get a rise
QUALITIES FOR WORKERS: skillful #unskillful (hábil) # (Poco hábil)
efficient (eficaz)
reliable (de confianza)
MUSIC
The youth like going to/ attending concerts, listening to music.
A hit record is a song that is very popular and bought by many people
“Angel” was a hit single for Robbie Williams.
Groups and solo artists produce albums (=make a collection of songs on one CD)
Artists release a new record, CD and people buy it
My favourite track in the album is….. (=my favourite song)
My taste in music is….. (=the type of music I like)
There are many types of rock and pop music. Some are popular for long periods, others have a short story
FASHION
The problem with life today is that not many people go to the high street shops. They just drive to out-of-town
shopping centers.
People get things in department stores as well.
Fashionable=trendy =stylish
High quality item=ropa de calidad
expensive=pricey
cheap =reduced
Bargaings
special offers
Discounts
Customers and shop assistants =clientes y dependientes
Pay by cash or with credit cards
To have a refund (devolver con dinero) because it is faulty (está defectuoso)
To complain = moan (quejarse)
To exchange= cambiar
Receipt =Ticket de compra
TOPIC 6
HEALTH: ILLNESS
Common problems:
I don’t feel well
What’s the matter?
I’ve got a sore throat and I keep sneezing
Oh! you have probably got a cold or flu. You should go to bed
Yes I think I will
I’m sneezing= Estoy estornudando
I’m coughing= Estoy tosiendo
I have got sore throat= Tengo dolor de garganta
I am blowing my nose= Me estoy sonando la nariz
I have got a temperature= Tengo fiebre
I take my blood pressure= Me tomo la tension
To take a blood sample= Hacerse un análisis de sangre
What’s the matter
I feel sick
I’ve got diarrhoea
I’ve got a hangover
How do you know? (The symptons)
I want to vomit
I keep going to the toilet
Headache, feel sick
Cause of illness
Food, illness
Food or a virus
Too much alcohol
For these illnesses you can go to a doctor or a chemist(=Pharmacy). The doctor may give you a prescription
(=Paper with an order for medicine) that you get from the pharmacy.
ACHES and PAINS
Toothache – Stomachache – Backache – earache – headache
For other parts of the body, we use Pain
We use “Get” with ache and pain: I often get backache
I get a pain in my leg when I run
Differences between : “Ache” and “Hurt”
Ache is a verb which describes a pain which continues for a long time but is not strong.
Hurt is used to describe a pain which is stronger.
Examples:
By the end of the day, my feet were aching
My throat hurts when I speak
The most common adjective is “Painful”
Serious illnesses= Diseases
-Smoking is a major cause of lung cancer
-He had a heart attack and died
-Hepatitis is a disease affecting the liver
-Many people suffer from asthma
Injuries= Heridas
An injury is damage to part of your body. These are common injuries.
What’s the problem?
1.She cut her finger
2.He twisted his ankle
3.She has got a bruise
4.He broke his arm
5.She burnt her hand
How did it happen?
-Using a knife
-Running for a bus
-She hit her ankle when she fell over
-He fell off his bike
-On the kettle
Result
-It’s bleeding
-He can’t walk
-It’s swollen black and blue
-He can’t use it
-It’s very painful
Solution
-Put a plaster on it
-Put a bandage on it
-Ice pack
-A sling
-Put cream on it
A wound is usually caused by a weapon –gun, knife – and happens in fights and wars.
How to keep fit
People join the gym to lose kilos: -They run on the treadmill quite a lot
-They lift weights
People train hard every day:
-Playing sports
Advice Health is the thing that people should value most and we should be thankful for
GLOBAL PROBLEMS
THE ENVIRONMENT involves the natural conditions, such as air, water and land in which man lives, all the
surrounding conditions which influence growth and development.
Many people believe we are destroying the environment. For example:
-Cars and factories pollute the air (=Make the air dirty)
-We continue to cut down rainforests and increase the dangers of global warming (=an increase in
temperature because of increased
carbon dioxide around the earth)
How can the planet (earth) survive? (=continue to exist)
-We must save /conserve (= use less and use well) natural resources (e.g water, oil and gas).We mustn’t
waste them
-We must protect animals and plants (=Keep them safe from human damage)
-We mustn’t throw away bottles and cans. We must recycle them (= use them again)
Verb
Destroy
Survive
Waste
Pollute
Protect
Recycle
Noun
Destruction
Survival
Waste
Pollution
Protection
Recycling
ECOLOGY is the branch of biology with the interactions among organisms and between organisms and
their environment.
Biosphere =The thin layer of earth and the atmosphere in which organisms can live
Here are some of the terms students need to know about ecology:
habitat = hábitat
biology = biologia
conservation = conservación
decompose = descomponer
energy = energia
fossil = fósil
fuel =combustible
climate=clima
degree = grado
desert = desierto
food chain = cadena de alimiento
leaf = hoja
air = aire
forest = bosque
conservation = conservación
decompose = descomponer
energy = energia
fossil = fósil
fuel =combustible
life cycle = ciclo vital
moss = musgo
planet = planeta
pollen = polen
root = raiz
stem = tallo
frog = rana
insect = insecto
lake = lago
lakeshore = orilla
river = rio
season = temporada
forest=bosque
seed=semilla
alive =vivo
animal = animal
plant = planta
rainbow = arco iris
sunshine = sol
climate = clima biology = biologia
NATURAL DISATERS
A disaster is when something terrible happens and people often die. A natural disaster is caused by nature. For
example:
-Floods = Too much rain in a short period of time, causing damage to houses and land
-Earthquakes = Violent movement of the earth; buildings are often destroyed
-Famine= Situation where people die because there isn’t enough food
-Drought= No rain for a long period of time; This often causes famine
TOPIC 7
TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN
Vocabulary which is connected with” Computers”
WWW (World wide web) - @ (at) – DSL (ADSL) –PIN (Personal Identification Number)
Online
To use a computer
To go online =Estar conectado
To print=Imprimir
To attach= Adjuntar
To play computer games
To design a webpage
To install / reinstall software =Instalar
To search (Investigar)
To browse (hojear,rastrear)
To sign in =Registrarse
To spam=Enviar correo basura
To drag and drop= Arrastar y soltar
To make a back up copy=Hacer una copia de seguridad
To hack=Sabotear información Hacker (Pirata informático)
Laptop =ordenador portatil
desktop= escritorio
Toolbar=Barra de herramientas
icon=icono E.g. Paperclip icon
emoticon/ smiley= emoticón
thumbnail=imagen en miniatura
cursor= cursor
Password=Contraseña
key=tecla
keyboard=teclado
printer=impresora
ink cartridge=cartucho de tinta
screen=pantalla
monitor=monitor
mouse=ratón
mouse pad=alfombrilla para el ratón
speaker=altavoz
Things you do with your computer:
-Start up (Encender,arrancar) ,log in (iniciar session), log out (finalizar session)
-Open a disk, document, folder (Abrir disco, documento o carpeta)
-Enter information (Meter datos)
-Click on (Hacer clic)
-Cut and Paste(Cortar y pegar)
-Copy files or programs (copiar archivos o programas)
-Scroll up and down (Desplazarnos hacia arriba o abajo)
-Delete (Borrar)
- To download music/ videos (Descargar música o DVDs)
- To burn CDs / DVDs =To copy music or films onto CDs or DVDs (Grabar)
-Close a file or a document (Cerrar archive o documento)
-Save work (Guardar el trabajo)
-Shut down your computer (Apagar)
Places on the Internet: Website, Webpage, Chat room
Things you do on the internet: - To surf the net= Navegar por la red
-Visit websites and chat rooms
-Download files from the Internet
- To send emails= enviar correo
- To chat to people online= Chatearse
-To shop online=Comprar
-To work online
-To bookmark sites= Añadir a favoritos (Create a list of favourites)