Study Guide for Chapters 19-20
RISE OF THE INDUSTRY AND THE GUILDED AGE
READING QUETIONS
* What were the technological innovations that allowed for the rapid expansion of the railroads?
* What were the changes that railroads brought to the nation?
* What were the keys to America’s rapid growth as an industrial power in this period?
* Summarize the information on labor in the South and immigrant labor. Use bullet points if you prefer.
* Summarize the information on working women, and scientific management. How were women impacted by
working and how were workers affected by Frederick W. Taylor’s theories on how to organize workers? Use bullet
points if you prefer.
* What were the differences between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor? Make a chart
comparing the two in the following questions: Who was eligible to join? What were goals of each union? What
were the union’s methods of achieving its goals? What was the public’s perception of the union?
* Explain the rise of radicalism in the U.S.
* Summarize national politics in this period. How did the parties differ?
* Identify the Pendleton Act and explain the tariff as political issues.
* Explain Social Darwinism and the implications for politics. What was considered the proper role of government
at this time? Give examples that show this.
* What was the relationship between religion and politics in the late 19th century?
* What was the role of party machines in this period? Who were the Stalwarts, Halfbreeds, and Mugwumps?
(Wouldn’t these make great rock bands?)
* What was the link between the women’s suffrage movement and the temperance movement? How did the idea of
“separate spheres” create a place for women in public life?
* How did ethnic groups organize themselves within cities?
* What did the political machines do for urban residents? Where did they get money to fund their activities?
* What were the conditions for immigrants as they arrived in America and how Americans reacted to the increasing
numbers of immigrants?
* Describe the interplay of race and class in Southern politics.
* List the main issues of populism
* Why did silver become a national issue?
* What were the main issues in the election of 1896? Why is this a realigning election? (A realigning election is
one in which the supporters of one party switch to the opposite party.)
IDENTIFICATIONS
United States vs. Edmunds
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
corporations
Bessemer process
time zones
George Westinghouse
Cornelius Vanderbilt
refrigerated railroad cars
Gustavus F. Swift
Andrew Carnegie
U.S. Steel
Gospel of Wealth
John D. Rockefeller
Standard Oil
J. P. Morgan
The “New South”
James B. Duke
mass production
Frederick W. Taylor
Scientific management
Knights of Labor
Terence Powderly
Samuel Gompers
American Federation of Labor
Haymarket Riots (1886)
yellow-dog contracts
Homestead Steel Strike (1892)
Henry Clay Frick
Pinkerton Detective Agency
George M.. Pullman
Pullman Strike (1894)
Eugene V. Debs
Socialist Party of America
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or
Wobblies
Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
Munn v. Illinois (1877)
Wabash Case (1886)
U.S. v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895)
In re Debs (1895)
Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
The Gilded Age by Mark Twain and
Charles Dudley Warner
Rutherford B. Hayes
James A. Garfield
Chester A. Arthur
Grover Cleveland
Benjamin Harrison
Charles Guiteau
Pendleton Act (1883)
Civil Service Commission
laissez-faire economics
Horatio Alger
Roscoe Conkling
Social Darwinism
patronage system
Blue laws
Blaine amendments
Stalwarts
Halfbreeds
James G. Blaine
Mugwumps
“Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion”
machine politics
Greenback – Labor Party
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Frances Willard
Grange movement
Farmers’ Alliances
Populist Party
James B. Weaver
Mary Elizabeth Lease
Omaha Platform
Bland-Allison Act (1878)
Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)
Coxey’s Army
McKinley Tariff (1890)
Panic of 1893
William Jennings Bryan
“Cross of gold” speech
Mark Hanna
William McKinley
Front porch campaign
Election of 1896
Tammany Hall
William “Boss” Tweed
Thomas Nast
Territory gained after Sp-Am War
Open Door Policy
John Hay
Boxer Rebellion
Anti-Imperialist
Platt Amendment
Filipino-American War