Civil Liberties in American Law & Practice -- POL 3023
Professor: Richard Gambitta, Ph.D.
Offices: UTSA Downtown Campus - BV 4.356, Institute for Law & Public Affairs & at the 1604 Campus - MS 4.02.40
Class: MW 4-5:15 Room: Downtown Campus, Buena Vista Building, BV 3.328
Office Hours: Downtown MW 2:15-3:15 & 5:15-6, also by appointment; Phones: 458-2990 & 2991 Fax: -2993
E-mail: richard.gambitta@utsa.edu - please write professor at this email address rather than though WebCT
Websites: Dr. Gambitta http://colfa.utsa.edu/users/rgambitta/
Institute for Law and Public Affairs: http://utsa.edu/ilpa/ RG’s Associate: Anthony Arriaga, Esq.: 458-2992
WebCT: https://webct.utsa.edu/webct/ticket/ticketLogin?action=print_login&request_uri=/webct/homearea/homearea%3F
Professor Gambitta designed Civil Liberties in American Law and Practice for students who wish to enroll in a
demanding course and obtain the opportunity to master the subject matter of civil liberties in the U.S. He expects his
students to study hard, excel in performance, and conduct meaningful discussions in class. This is a course in
constitutional law where students conduct analytical, normative, and empirical inquiries into the status of certain civil
liberties, individual rights, and governmental conduct in the United States. If each person does her or his work, we
shall illuminate constitutional issues and dissect constitutional decisions with increasing power and ease, honing our
analytical powers and improving our abilities to carefully read, think, express, comment, understand, and criticize.
This course is constructed to assist persevering students in achieving a higher level of sophistication in the discussion
of legal and political issues. These hard working students will increase their substantive knowledge about court
decisions, the litigation process, modes of constitutional interpretation, judicial philosophies, political liberties,
individual rights, and governmental powers. Students should reflect about the ‘rightness and wrongness’ of
government policy, developing criteria for evaluative use. Students should investigate what causes these policies,
what impact the adopted and sustained policies have on diverse people’s lives, and what people should attempt to do
about it.
The course begins with an examination of numerous contentions about the nature of constitutions, government,
judicial opinions, and statutes. Seminar participants conduct a thorough examination of the Constitution, the Bill of
Rights and its applications by the Supreme Court. Then, we focus on the 14th Amendment and equal protection, after
a brief introduction to rights emanating from constitutional penumbra. The course gives special attention to issues
concerning freedom of expression, the establishment and free exercise of religion, due process, and equal protection,
though it discusses other rights such as the right to bear arms, privacy, etc. During the semester, we will discuss the
development of special rights and protections, the many modes of discrimination against women and minority groups,
“affirmative action” or “reverse discrimination,” and the liberties with which government should not interfere, etc.
The professor will present civil liberties materials and arguments from the conservative, moderate and liberal
perspectives, from judicial restraint and activist positions. This argumentation from different perspectives aims to
agitate your craniums and to help you think about alternative arguments to your own assessments.
Attendance is mandatory—that means, each class. Students must be prepared to present and analyze caselaw in each
class. Lack of preparation is unacceptable. Students must be prepared sufficiently to present cases (facts, issues,
holdings, rationales, etc.) and other reading assignments, to engage in informed discussions, and to answer questions
asked by the professor, guest lecturers, or fellow students. The quality of your contributions through participation to
our seminar's enrichment and enlightenment will determine ten percent of your grade. The professor will evaluate
short, on point written material that you submit that is not assigned, if you wish to turn it in, in addition to written
assignments, if you shy away from talking in class. The professor will assign a midterm class participation grade for
each student.
Students should stay at least four cases with asterisks on the syllabus ahead of the professor and be prepared to speak
on them. Students are to conduct themselves professionally at all times. The successful teaching of this class begs
1
extensive classroom interaction. Students are to treat colleagues respectfully when criticizing others’ viewpoints.
Finally, students must adhere to the highest standards of honor in all matters related to scholarship. The professor
condemns and prohibits any form of plagiarism, cheating, or other unfair, unethical conduct and will prosecute
occurrences according to UTSA rules:
“Scholastic dishonesty” includes, but is not limited to, cheating, plagiarism, collusion, falsifying academic records, and any act designed
to give unfair advantage to the student (such as, but not limited to, submission of essentially the same written assignment for two courses
without the prior permission of the instructor, providing false or misleading information in an effort to receive a postponement or an
extension on a test, quiz, or other assignment), or the attempt to commit such an act.” UTSA Information Bulletin, p 128, Sec. 203.
DOWNLOAD A COPY OF THIS SYLLABUS ONTO A DISK OR YOUR HARD-DRIVE FOR RETENTION AND
RETRIEVAL. IT APPEARS ON WEBCT. If you would like a paper copy, please send the instructor an email on his
regular UTSA email, listed above, BUT IT IS MUCH BETTER TO USE THE ELECTRONIC SYLLABUS
BECAUSE OF THE UTILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT. IN USING THE E-SYLLABUS, JUST CLICK THE CASE
CITATION TO “FINDLAW” OR “OYEZ” WHICH FOLLOW THE “CASE STYLE” TO GO IMMEDIATELY TO
THE FULL TEXT OF THE CASE ON THE INTERNET, TO REVIEW A SYNOPSIS OF THE CASE, OR TO
HEAR AN ORAL ARGUMENT. THE PROFESSOR WILL DEMONSTRATE THIS IN CLASS. MUCH TIME
HAS GONE INTO THIS ELECTRONIC SYLLABUS. PLEASE USE IT TO ITS FULL ADVANTAGE. THIS IS A
WEB-CT COURSE. YOU MAY FIND A COPY OF THE SYLLABUS ON THAT WEB-CT SITE OR AT THE
PROFESSOR’S WEBPAGE LISTED ABOVE.
The professor wishes to meet with students concerning any questions that may arise on subjects related to this course.
The professor hopes to give individual attention to students. The professor is available by appointment and e-mail.
Support services, including registration assistance and equipment, are available to students with documented disabilities
through the Office of Disability Services (DSS), MS 2.03.18. Contact that office at 458-4157 for arrangements.
The professor reserves the right to alter this syllabus to accommodate the pace and content that best promotes
students' maximum feasible education.
Course Requirements:
Quality of Class Discussion
Quizzes, legal briefs, writing assignments
First Exam
Last Exam
Attendance
10%
10%
40%
40%
Priceless
Required Readings & Consumptions:
(1) Constitutional Interpretation, 9th ed., Craig R. Ducat (or 8th edition)
(2) Cases & readings on electronic syllabus and websites, including WebCT
(3) All materials (video & audio tapes, CDs, articles, etc.) used in class or assigned
(4) Readings on the following websites, as assigned:
Background on Constitution, Justices, Caselaw, Law and Legislative Libraries:
U.S. Constitution, http://www.usconstitution.net http://www.usconstitution.net/const.html
U.S. Constitution, http://www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/browse2002.html#04supp
U.S. Constitution, Supreme Court Opinions, U.S. Code, Appellate Court Cases, etc. http://www.findlaw.com/casecode/
The Oyez Project, U.S. Supreme Court Multimedia Database, www.oyez.org/oyez/frontpage
Legal Information Institute, Cornell University, http://www.law.cornell.edu/index.html
Texas Legal Materials, http://www.law.cornell.edu/states/texas.html#opinions
Texas Legal Research (Find virtually anything in Texas Law), http://www.law.utexas.edu/texas/
Jamail Center for Legal Research, Tarlton Law Library, UT School of Law, http://www.law.utexas.edu
Constitution of the People's Republic of China http://www.usconstitution.net/china.html
2
My Capitol.com, Provides Links to Texas and U.S. legislatures and host of other matters http://www.mycapitol.com
3
Religion, Speech, Assembly:
American Civil Liberties Union
Christian Coalition
Free Expression Network Clearinghouse
Nonbeliever Antidiscrimination Project
http://www.aclu.org
http://www.cc.org/
http://www.freeexpression.org/
http://www.infidels.org/~nap/index.html
Civil Rights, Affirmative Action, Equal Rights:
Center for Individual Rights
The Civil Rights Project:
Civil Rights Cases:
NAACP:
Nat. Assoc. Latino Elected Officials:
National Organization of Women:
The Justice Foundation
MALDEF
http://www.cir-usa.org
http://www.law.harvard.edu/groups/civilrights/
http://www.law.cormell.edu
http://www.naacp.org/
http://www.naleo.org/
http://now.org/
http://www.txjf.org/
http://www.maldef.org/about/index.htm
Recommended Reading:
(5) Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States, Kermit Hall (ed.)
(6) American Constitutional Law, Lawrence Tribe
(7) Constitutional Law, Nowak, Rotunda, Young (eds.)
(8) The Supreme Court’s Greatest Hits, Jerry Goldman (CD Rom)
(9) Shaping Justice, Kermit Hall, audio tape
The professor reserves the right to deviate from schedule and cases on the syllabus based on class action, speed in grasping the
material, and questions. Times scheduled for the discussion of cases are flexible. Not all cases shall be discussed. All cases listed
on syllabus with a single or double * should be given special attention by the students. Multiple citations are given for the cases.
Students will find facts, abridgements, and analyses of the cases in the Ducat casebook. Our syllabus lists the text’s page numbers
where the case appears placed on the right hand column on the syllabus following the case style. Two numbers are usually listed,
the first page number appears in black and refers to the 8th edition, the second number in red refers to the 9th or latest edition. All
cases have citations to the U.S. Reports or similar sources (e.g. S.Ct. Reporter) and most have citations to findlaw.com or
www.oyez.org/oyez/frontpage, or both. If you are reading this syllabus from a downloaded disk, you can move directly to those
sites by clicking the hyperlink, while you are connected to the Internet. This enables students to access the full opinions,
summaries, abstracts, and oral arguments of the cases. The official citation is given for each case to allow students to retrieve
unabridged versions from the official hard-copy sources, in addition to findlaw.com. Many Supreme Court Reporters and U.S.
Reports are housed in our JPL Library’s reference room. Note that findlaw.com and http://www.oyez.org/oyez/frontpage are
interactive from oyez. More on the Internet, as we progress into the course. The professor will make numerous assignments from
the many websites as the course progresses. The professor will bring oral arguments from the Supreme Court to class and assign
"thinking projects." The professor will assign cases to teams of students as well as to individuals to present to the class. Cases
from the 2007-08 & 2008-09 terms are added throughout the course, though some appear here. The professor will use those cases
to assess whether students understand the precedents and the applications by the current Court.
Reading Assignment #1: Ducat: Appendices A & B, The Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court; website above
Appendix C: The Constitution of the United States; websites above
www.oyez.org/oyez/frontpage: (a) Take Virtual Tour of Supreme Court & Read about Justices.
Thinking Assignment # 1: First, what does a constitution do? Describe what a constitution does.
Thinking Assignment # 2: What are the differences between rights, liberties, and powers? Give Examples.
SEDITIOUS SPEECH, INCITEMENT TO IMMINENT LAWLESS ACTION, ASSEMBLY
Readings: Ducat pp 1-4, 27-38; 775-886; 975-105 plus cases and websites assigned.
page
* Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten, 224 Fed. 535 (SDNY 1917) (Discussion after lecture)
** Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)
783/784
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=249&page=47
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/346/
United States v. Debs, 249 U.S. 211 (1919)
4
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=249&page=211
** Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616 (1919)
784/785
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=250&page=616
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/3/
Barron v. The Mayor and City of Baltimore, 32 U.S. 243 (1833)
http://supreme.justia.com/us/32/243/case.html
/471
http://www.oyez.org/cases/1792-1850/1833/1833_0/
** Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925)
788/789
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=268&page=652
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/140/
* Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)
785/787
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=274&page=357
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/442/
** Thomas v. Collins, 323 U.S. 516 (1945)
791/793
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=323&page=516
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/387/
** Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1957) 101
798/800
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=341&page=494
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/100 /
Yates v. United States, 354 U.S. 298 (1957)
801/802
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=354&page=298
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/454/
Scales v. United States, 367 U.S. 203 (1961)
801/802
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=367&page=203
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1069/
Noto v. United States, 367 U.S. 290 (1961)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=367&page=290
Communist Party of the U.S. v. SCAB, 367 U.S. 1 (1961)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=367&page=1
** Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969)
802/803
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=395&page=444
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/47/
Hess v. Indiana, 414 U.S. 105 (1973)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=414&page=105
Edwards v. South Carolina, 372 U.S. 229 (1963)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=372&page=229
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/109/
Adderley v. Florida, 385 U.S. 39 (1966)
813/815
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=385&page=39
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/6/
Chicago v Morales N0. 97-1121 (1999)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=97-1121
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/813/
OFFENSIVE AND FIGHTING WORDS, SYMBOLIC SPEECH IN THE PUBLIC FORUM
* Terminiello v. Chicago, 337 U.S. 1 (1949)
794/796
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=337&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/377/
** Feiner v. New York, 340 U.S. 315 (1951)
809/810
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=340&page=315
Forsyth County, GA v. Nationalist Movement, 505 U.S. 123 (1992)
809/810
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=505&page=123
ISKCON, Inc. v. Lee, 505 U.S. 672 (1992)
816/818
5
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=505&page=672
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/185/
* Ward v. Rock against Racism 491 U.S. 781 (1989)
+
821
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=491&page=781
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/431/
Loper v. N.Y.C. Police Department, 999 F.2d 609 (1993)
823/825
Madsden v. Women's Health Center, Inc., 114 S.Ct. 2516 (1994)
825/827
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10379
Rosenberger v. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia 515 U.S. 819 (1995)
832/833
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=515&page=819
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/640/
Board of Regents of University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth 529 U.S. 217 (2000)
837
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=529&page=217
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1372/
Hudgens v. NLRB, 424 U.S. 507 (1976)
839/840
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=424&page=507
Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, 447 U.S. 74 (1980)
844/845
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=447&page=74
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/317/
City of Ladue v. Gilleo, 114 S.Ct. 2038 (1994)
847/848
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10373
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/633/
** Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S. 568 (1942)
778/779
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=315&page=568
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/69/
** Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)
851/851
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=403&page=15
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/77/
Gooding v. Wilson, 405 U.S. 518 (1972)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=405&page=518
Skokie v. National Socialist Party 432 U.S. 43 (1977)
856/857
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=432&invol=43
West Virginia v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
858/
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=319&page=624
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/426/
** Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969)
865/866
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=393&page=503
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/391/
* Bethel School District v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675 (1986)
868/869
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=478&page=675
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/36/
* Rosenberger v. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia 515 U.S. 819 (1995)
832/833
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=515&page=819
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/640/
* Board of Regents of University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth 529 U.S. 217 (2000)
837
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=529&page=217
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1372/
** United States v. O'Brien, 391 U.S. 367 (1968)
870/871
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=391&page=367
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/645/
** Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989)
873/874
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=491&invol=397
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/379/
6
* U.S. v. Eichman, 496 U.S. 310 (1990)
879/879
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=496&page=310
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/405/
Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc., 501 U.S. 560 (1991)
879/880
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=501&page=560
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/29/
* R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)
880-1/881-2
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=505&page=377
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/319/
* Virginia v. Black, 123 S.Ct. 1536 (2003)
887
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=000&invol=01-1107
Garcetti v. Ceballos, No. 04-473. Decided May 30, 2006
914
http://laws.findlaw.com/us/000/04-473.html
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1833/
** Deborah Morse v Joseph Frederick 551 U.S. __ (2007) 127 S.Ct. 2618
http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/06-278.ZS.html
http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2006/2006_06_278/
Oral Argument assignment: http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2006/2006_06_278/argument/
OBSCENITY
Readings: Obscenity, Ducat pp 975-1005, plus cases and websites assigned
** Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957)
977/983
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=354&page=476
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/338/
* Memoirs v. Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413 (1966)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=383&page=413
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/239/
Paris Adult Theater v. Slaton, 413 U.S. 49 (1973)
990/996
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=413&page=49
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/295/
* Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969)
982/988
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=394&page=557
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/367/
Redrup v. New York, 386 U.S. 767 (1967)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=386&page=767
** Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)
984/990
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=413&page=15
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/247/
** Jenkins v. Georgia, 418 U.S. 153 (1974)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=418&page=153
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/190/
* Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205 (1975)
853/854
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=422&page=205
* Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497 (1987)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=481&page=497
* New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982)
987 /993
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=458&page=747
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/279/
* Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103 (1990)
987/994
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=495&page=103
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/291/
* Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition 535 U.S. 234 (2002)
995
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=00-795
7
National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley 569 U.S. 524 (1998)
993/1000
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=000&invol=97-371
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1120/
** FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978)
854/855
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=438&page=726
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/120/
Young v. American Mini Theaters, 427 U.S. 50 (1976)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=427&page=50
City of Renton v. Playtime Theaters, Inc., 475 U.S. 41 (1986)
857/858
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=475&page=41
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/325/
Amer. Booksellers Assoc., Inc. v. Hudnut, 771 F.2d 323 (1985)
998/1005
* Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997)
1003/1009
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=96-511
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/842/
* Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties Union 535 U.S. 564 (2002)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=00-1293
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1480/resources (Listen to announcement of opinion.)
Part Two: ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION
Readings: Ducat, 1045- 1122, plus cases assignments (includes both establishment and free exercise pages)
** Everson v. Bd. of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947)
1047/1051
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=330&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/114/
* Walz v. Tax Commissioner, 397 U.S. 664 (1970)
1061/1065
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=397&page=664
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/430/
McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948)
1052
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=333&page=203
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/507/
Zorach v. Clauson, 343 U.S. 306 (1952)
1048/1052
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=343&page=306
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/457/
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)
1048, 1049 & 1058/1053
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=370&page=421
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/111/
** Abington School District v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)
1049/1053
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=374&page=203
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/2/
Board of Education v. Allen 392 U.S. 236 (1968)
1061/1064
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=392&page=236
** Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602 (1971)
1065/1068
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=403&page=602
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/207/
Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 (1980)
1059/1062
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=449&page=39
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/369/
* Tilton v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 672 (1971)
1069/1072
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=403&page=672
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/390/
Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985)
1073,4 & 1098/1076
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=473&page=402
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/8/
** Agostini v. Felton, 117 S.Ct. 1997 (1997)
1074/1077
8
*
*
*
**
**
**
**
**
*
*
*
**
*
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=96-552
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/841/
Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)
1050/1054
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=505&invol=577
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/206/
Widmar v. Vincent, 454 U.S. 263 (1981)
1048 & 1097/1052
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=454&page=263
Mueller v. Allen, 463 U.S. 388 (1983)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=463&page=388
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/262/
Marsh v. Chambers, 463 U.S. 783 (1983)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=463&page=783
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/591/
Lynch v. Donnelly, 465 U.S. 668 (1984)
1093/1096
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=465&page=668
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/217/
Allegheny County v. Greater Pittsburgh ACLU, 492 U.S. 573 (1989)
1095/1098
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=492&page=573
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/87/
Van Orden v. Perry, No. 03-1500, Decided June 27, 2005
1101
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=03-1500
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1800/
McCreary Co., Kentucky v. ACLU, No. 03-1693.Argued March 2, 2005--Decided June 27, 2005
1101
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=03-1693
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1801/
Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)
1046 & 1057/1050 & 1061
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=472&invol=38
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/428/
Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987)
1089/1091
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=482&page=578
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/107/
Westside Community School BOE v. Mergens 496 U.S. 226 (1990)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=496&page=226
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/951/
Board of Education of Kiryas v. Joel Village School District v. Grumet 512 V. 687 (1994)
1098/1106
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=512&page=687
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/597/
Mitchell v. Helms 530 U.S. 793 (2000)
1078/1081
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=530&page=793
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1379/
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris 536 U.S. 639 (2002)
1081/1084
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=00-1751
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1496/
Locke v. Davey, 124 S.Ct. 1307 (2004)
1090
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=02-1315
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1631/
Part Three: FREE EXERCISE OF RELIGION
Readings: Ducat pp 1103-1122, plus case assignments, and websites assigned in class
** Reynolds v. U.S., 98 U.S. 145 (1879)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=98&page=145
* Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=310&page=296
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/65/
1103/1106
1103/1107
9
Minersville v. Gobitis, 310 U.S. 586 (1940)
858; 1103/859;1107
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=310&invol=586
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/249/
* West Virginia Bd. of Ed. V. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
858; 1103/859;1107
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=319&page=624
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/426/
* Elk Grove Unified School District v. Nedrow, 124 S.Ct. 2301 (2004)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=02-1624
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1682/
* Wooley v. Maynard, 430 U.S. 705 (1977)
845; 864/845;865
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=430&invol=705
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/453/
* McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U.S. 420 (1961)
1060; 1104/1063;1108
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=366&page=420
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/237/
** Braunfeld v. Brown, 366 U.S. 599 (1961)
1061; 1104; 1108/1064;1108;1111
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=366&page=599
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/49/
** Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963)
1103/1107
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=374&page=398
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/353/
** Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972)
1109, 1110/1113
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=406&page=205
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/449/
U.S. v. Seeger 380 U.S. 163 (1965)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=380&page=163
Welsh v U.S. 398 U.S. 333 (1970)
Gillette v. U.S. 401 U.S. 437 (1971)
Lyng v. NW Indian Cemetery Protective Assoc., 485 U.S. 439 (1988)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=485&invol=439
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/218/
Goldman v. Sec. of Defense Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=475&invol=503
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/142/
* People v. Woody, 61 Cal. 2d 716 (1977)
** Employment Div., Dept. of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)
1114,1115/1118
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=494&invol=872
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/110/
** Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. Hialeah 508 U.S. 520 (1993)
1120/1123
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&linkurl=<%LINKURL%>&graphurl=<%GRAPHURL%>
&court=US&case=/us/508/520.html
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/793/
*
Religious Freedom Restoration Act: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_21B.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Freedom_Restoration_Act
** City of Boerne v. Flores, 117 U.S. 2517 (1997)
119; 1122/117
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=95-2074
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/846/
** Gonzalez v. Centro Espirita Beneficiente Uniao Do Vegetal (2006)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&court=US&case=/us/000/04%2D1084.html
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1855/
Part Four: EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAW
10
STRICT SCRUTINY, SUBSTANTIAL RELATIONSHIP, RATIONAL BASIS TESTS
Readings: Ducat pp 1123-1207; 1258-1300; 1303-1313. Essay: The Modes of Constitutional Interpretation p E1-E16,Case
Assignments, websites
Cases:
Race (race is continued later, below)
** Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. 303 (1880)
1124/1128
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=100&page=303
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/372/
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=60&page=393
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/101/
Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (1986)
1165/1170
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=476&page=79
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/32/
* The Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883)
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/381/
** Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)
1124/1128
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=163&page=537
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/307/
Sex (continued below, later)
** Bradwell v. Illinois, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 130 (1873)
1275/1284
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=83&page=130
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/46/
* Minor v Happersett, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 162 (1875)
441/434
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=88&page=162
*
*
**
**
**
**
*
*
Age
Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia 427 U.S. 307 (1976)
1297/1305
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=427&page=307
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/229/
Race
Missouri ex rel Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=305&page=337
Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629 (1950)
1128/1132
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=339&page=629
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/375/
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=339&page=637
Hernandez v Texas, 347 U.S 475 (1954)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=347&page=475
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)
1131/1135
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=347&page=483
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/51/
Brown v. Board of Education, 349 U.S. 294 (1955)
1136/1140
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=349&page=294
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/52/
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, 402 U.S. 1 (1971)
1142/1146
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=402&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/374/
Keyes v. Denver School District No. 1, 413 U.S. 189 (1973)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=413&page=189
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/200/
11
*
*
Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974)
1148/1151
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=418&page=717
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/248/
Pasadena City Board of Education v. Spangler, 427 U.S. 424 (1976)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=427&page=424
Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=458&page=457
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/590/
Columbus Bd. Of Education v. Penick, 443 U.S. 526 (1979)
1153/1156
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=443&page=449
Dayton Bd. of Education v Brinkman, 443 U.S. 526 (1979)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=443&page=526
Freeman v. Pitts, 503 U.S. 467 (1992)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=503&invol=467
Bob Jones University v. United States, 461 U.S. 574 (1983) supra--Establ. of Religion
1201-2/1207
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=461&invol=574
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/39/
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=491&page=164
** Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886)
1160/1165
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=118&page=356
* Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1 (1948)
1184/1190
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=334&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/352/
* Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
706/715
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=388&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/214/
Palmore v. Sidoti, 466 U.S. 429 (1984)
1192/1198
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=466&page=429
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/294/
* Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964)
294/289
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=379&page=241
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/159/
* Griggs v. Duke Power Company, 401 U.S. 424 (1971)
1160/1165
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=401&page=424
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/970/
* Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=426&page=229
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/434/
* Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp., 499 U.S. 252 (1977)
1161/1166
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=429&invol=252
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1030/
* Ward’s Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio, 490 U.S. 642 (1989)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=490&page=642
Civil Rights Act 1991
** San Antonio ISD v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973)
1259/1269
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=411&page=1
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/343/
* Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982)
1320/1332
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=457&page=202
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/309/
DeFunis v. Odegaard, 416 U.S. 312 (1974)
39, 44
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=416&page=312
12
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/97/
McDonald v. Santa Fe Trail Transportation Co., 424 U.S. 905 (1976)
1194/1200
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=427&invol=273
** Regents of University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)
1167/1171-3
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=438&page=265
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/324/
* City of Richmond, VA v. J.A. Croson Company, 109 S. Ct. 706 (1989)
1171/1176
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=488&page=469
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/466/
** Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña, 512 U.S. 200, 115 S.Ct. 2097 (1995)
1178/1183
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10252
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/627/
** Hopwood v. Texas, (1996)
1168
http://www.ca5.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/94/94-50664-cv0.htm
** Grutter v Bollinger 539 U.S. 306 (2003)
1183/1183
http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/02-241.ZO.html
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=02-241 (Sup. Ct. dec.)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=6th&navby=case&no=02a0170p (Sixth Circuit decision)
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1541/
* Gratz v. Bollinger No. 02-516. Argued April 1, 2003--Decided June 23, 2003
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=02-516
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1540/
Fullilove v. Klutznick, 448 U.S. 448 (1980)
1170/1175
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=448&page=448
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/130/
Firefighters Union No. 1784 v. Stotts, 467 U.S. 561 (1984)
1176
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=467&invol=561
U.S. Steel Workers v. Weber, 443 U.S. 193 (1979)
1170/1175
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=443&page=193
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/423/
Local 28 of Sheet Metal Workers v. E.E.O.C., 478 U.S. 421 (1986)
1171/1176
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=478&page=421
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/210/
see above*
City of Richmond, VA v. J.A. Croson Company, 109 S. Ct. 706 (1989)
1171/1176
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=488&page=469
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/466/
see above ** Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña, 512 U.S. 200, 115 S.Ct. 2097 (1995)
1178/1183
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10252
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/627/
* Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900, 115 S.Ct. 2475 (1995)
1249/1258
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10268
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/638/
Martin v. Wilks, 490 U.S. 755, 109 S.Ct. 2180 (1989)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=490&invol=755
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/226/
Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., 392 U.S. 409 (1968)
1194/1200
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=392&page=409
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/193/
Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160 (1976)
1197/1202
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=427&page=160
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union, 491 U.S. 164 (1989)
1194/1200
13
** Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 05-908 (2007)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=000&invol=05-908
No. 05-908
Sex Discrimination
** Reed v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71 (1971)
1274/1283
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=404&page=71
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/322/
** Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677 (1973)
1277/1286
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=411&page=677
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/128/
Kahn v. Shevin, 416 U.S. 351 (1974)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=416&page=351
Geduldig v. Aiello, 417 U.S. 484 (1974)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=417&page=484
Weinberger v. Wisenfeld, 420 U.S. 636 (1975)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=420&page=636
** Craig v. Boren, 429 U.S. 190 (1976)
1279/1289
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=429&page=190
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/90/
Mississippi University for Women et al. v. Hogan, 458 U.S. 718 (1982)
1284/1293
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=458&page=718
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/252/
Grove City College v. Bell, 465 U.S. 555 1984)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=465&page=555
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/150/
*
Rostker v. Goldberg, 453 U.S. 57 (1981)
1284/1293
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=453&invol=57
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/336/
Personnel Administrator of Mass. v. Feeney, 442 U.S. 256 (1979)
1283/1292
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=442&page=256
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/302/
Johnson v. Transportation Agency, Santa Clara Co., 480 U.S. 616 (1987)
1171/1176
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=480&page=616
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/192/
County of Washington, Oregon et al. v. Gunther, 452 U.S. 161 (1981)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=452&invol=161
Hishon v. King & Spalding, 467 U.S. 69 (1984)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=467&invol=69
Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609 (1984)
1202/1208
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=468&page=609
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/331/
U.S. v. Fordice, 505 U.S. 717 (1992)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=505&invol=717
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/406/
Harris v. Forklift Systems, 114 S.Ct. 367 (1993)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10433
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1726/
J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel T.B., 511 U.S. 127, 114 S.Ct. 1419 (1994)
1166/1171
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10411
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/628/
14
N.O.W. v. Scheidler, 114 S.Ct. 798 (1994)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U10443
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/481/
** U.S. v. Virginia, 116 S.Ct. 2264 (1996)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=U20026
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/654/
** Miller v. Albright, 118 S.Ct. 1428 (1998)
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=96-1060
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1103/
Nguyen v. Immigration & Naturalization Service 533 U.S. 53 (2001)
http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/1547/
** Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. (2007)
http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/05-1074.ZS.html
http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2006/2006_05_1074/
739,40/745
1285/1294
Additional cases from the 2007-8 and 2008-09 term (some are included already) and other terms will be assigned and discussed in
class as appropriate.
**********FINAL EXAM: Fri, Dec 12, 01:30 pm - 04:00 pm *********
Caveat: Final exam will include hypotheticals, essays, short answers, and objectives.
15