Exhibit 6.1 Comparing Unethical versus Ethical Leadership
The Unethical Leader
Is arrogant and self-serving
Excessively promotes selfinterest
The Ethical Leader
Possesses humility
Maintains concern for the greater good
Practices deception
Breaches agreements
Deals unfairly
Is honest and straightforward
Fulfills commitments
Strives for fairness
Shifts blame to others
Diminishes others’ dignity
Takes responsibility
Shows respect for each individual
Neglects follower development Encourages and develops others
Withholds help and support Serves others
Lacks courage to confront unjust acts
Shows courage to stand up for what is right
Source: Based on Donald G. Zauderer, “Integrity: An Essential Executive Quality,” Business Forum (Fall
1992), pp. 12–16.
Exhibit 6.2 How to Act Like a Moral Leader
1.
Articulate and uphold high moral principles.
2.
Focus on what is right for the organization as well as all the people involved.
3.
Set the example you want others to live by.
4.
Be honest with yourself and others.
5.
Drive out fear and eliminate undiscussables.
6.
Establish and communicate ethics policies.
7.
Develop a backbone—show zero tolerance for ethical violations.
8.
Reward ethical conduct.
9.
Treat everyone with fairness, dignity, and respect, from the lowest to the highest level of the organization.
10.
Do the right thing in both your private and professional life—even if no one is looking.
Sources: Based on Linda Klebe Treviño, Laura Pincus Hartman, and Michael Brown, “Moral Person and Moral
Manager: How Executives Develop a Reputation for Ethical Leadership,” California Management Review 42, no. 4 (Summer 2000), pp. 128–142; Christopher Hoenig, “Brave Hearts,” CIO (November 1, 2000), pp. 72–74; and Patricia Wallington, “Honestly?!” CIO (March 15, 2003), pp. 41–42.
Exhibit 6.3 Trans World Entertainment Corporation Code of Ethics
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General Statement of Policy
 Honesty and candor in our activities, including observance of the spirit, as well as the letter of the law;
 Avoidance of conflicts between personal interests and the interests of the Company, or even the appearance of such conflicts;
 Avoidance of Company payments to candidates running for government posts, or government officials;
 Compliance with generally accepted accounting principles and controls;
 Maintenance of our reputation and avoidance of activities which might reflect adversely on the
Company; and
 Integrity in dealing with the Company’s assets.
Source: Trans World Entertainment Corporation Code of Ethics. n.d. Retrieved February 7, 2007, from http://www.twec.com/corpsite/corporate/code.cfm.
Exhibit 6.4 Three Levels of Personal Moral Development
Sources: Based on Lawrence Kohlberg, “Moral Stages and Moralization: The Cognitive-Developmental
Approach,” in Moral Development and Behavior: Theory, Research, and Social Issues, ed. Thomas Likona
(Austin, TX: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976), pp. 31–53; and Jill W. Graham, “Leadership, Moral
Development, and Citizenship Behavior,” Business Ethics Quarterly 5, no. 1 (January 1995), pp. 43–54.
Exhibit 6.5 Changing Leader Focus from Self to Others
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