Science 8
Cells Unit Review A
Check your notes or the textbook to be sure you have a correct answer!
Answer in complete sentences (unless instructed to use point form) on loose-leaf.
1. In point form, list the six characteristics of living things. (6 points)
2. How do scientists decide if something is a living thing? (1 point)
3. What are the two main ideas of the cell theory? See page 9. (2 pts)
4. Explain what differences are most helpful in deciding if cells are from plants or
animals? (3 pts)
5. What is the purpose of cilia and flagella? (2 points)
6. Write a brief description of the function of these organelles: cell membrane, cell wall,
chloroplast, chromosomes, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,
lysosome, mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole (11 points)
7. Label each organelle on the diagram below. (10 pts)
smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
ribosomes
rough endoplasmic
reticulum
chloroplast
mitochondrion
nucleus
smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
flagellum
nucleus
cell wall
cell membrane
vacuole
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
ribosomes
rough endoplasmic
reticulum
lysosome
cell membrane
Golgi apparatus
vacuole
mitochondrion
Write YES or NO in each column for each organelle. (11 pts)
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplast
chromosomes
cytoplasm
endoplasmic
reticulum
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
mitochondria
nucleus
vacuole
Found in plant cells?
Found in animal cells?
yes
yes
Visible with a
compound light
microscope?
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
sometimes!
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
8. Match the microscope to each description by writing the correct letter. (4 points)
_C_ Leeuwenhooek’s early microscopes
_A_ Compound light microscope
_D_ Transmission Electron microscope
_B_ Scanning Electron microscope
a.
b.
c.
d.
This microscope has two different
lenses to magnify an object up to
2000x
This microscope records the
reflection of electrons to show 3D
images that look like photos
This microscope used a single glass
bead to magnify objects about 10x
and lead to the discovery of cells.
This microscope records electrons
that are transmitted (pass through)
a very thin sample and magnify up
to 2 000 000x.
9. Label the diagram of the compound light microscope below. Write the LETTER in
each box. (6 pts)
A. arm
B. base
C. body tube
D. coarse adjustment
E. diaphragm
F. fine adjustment G. light source
H. objective lenses
I. ocular lens
J. revolving nosepiece
K. stage
L. stage clips
I
C
J
A
H
K
L
D
E
F
G
B
1. In point form, list the six characteristics of living things. (6 points)
Living things are composed of cells.
Living things reproduce, grow and repair themselves.
Living things require energy.
Living things respond to the environment.
Living things have a life span.
Living things produce wastes.
2. How do scientists decide if something is a living thing? (1 point)
To be considered a living thing, it must show all six characteristics. (Dead
organisms or parts of them are also considered living things.)
3. What are the two main ideas of the cell theory? See page 9. (2 pts)
All living things are made of cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
4. Explain what differences are most helpful in deciding if cells are from plants or
animals? (3 pts)
Only plant cells have a thick cell wall and green chloroplasts.
Plant cells have larger vacuoles.
Only animal cells have cilia and flagella.
5. What is the purpose of cilia and flagella? (2 points)
Flagella help the cell to move in a swimming motion.
Cilia can help the cell move or help to move the fluid surrounding the cell.
6. Write a brief description of the function of these organelles: cell membrane, cell wall,
chloroplast, chromosomes, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,
lysosome, mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole (11 points)
cell membrane – semipermeable membrane that controls the movement of gases,
water and nutrients in and out of the cell
cell wall – rigid wall that supports plant cells
chloroplast – contains chlorophyll allowing plant cells to produce sugars from
sunlight, water and CO2
chromosomes – the genetic information (DNA) found in the nucleus
cytoplasm – the watery fluid that fills the cell, stores waste and other materials
endoplasmic reticulum – folded membrane that can quickly transport matter
throughout the cell
Golgi apparatus – store proteins and allow proteins to leave the cell in vesicles
lysosome – breaks down large molecules, invading bacteria and the cell itself when
it dies, or cleans the cytoplasm
mitochondria – provides energy by combining oxygen and sugar
nucleus – directs the cells activities, gives instructions
vacuole – filled with fluid to store water and nutrients (much larger in plants that
animals)
missed one!
ribosomes – produce proteins