Physics 2204 Objectives
Kinematics
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describe quantitatively the relationship among displacement, time, and velocity;
analyse graphically and mathematically the relationship among displacement, time, and velocity;
distinguish between instantaneous and average velocity;
describe quantitatively the relationship among velocity, time, and acceleration.
use vectors to represent position, displacement, velocity and acceleration
examine and describe the motion of several objects from different frames of reference.
use vectors to represent position, displacement, velocity and acceleration;
analyze and describe vertical motion as it applies to kinematics;
determine displacement and velocity by adding vectors in 2 dimensions.
analyze word problems that deal with motion free to move in two directions--right and left, and up and down-and solve algebraically for unknowns and interpret patterns in data
Dynamics
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analyse the influence of society on scientific and technological endeavours in dynamics;
describe and evaluate the design of technological solutions and the way they function, using scientific
principles;
analyse natural and technological systems to interpret and explain their structure and dynamics;
use vectors to represent forces: -draw free-body diagrams -explain what is meant by net force and apply it to
several situations
use vector diagrams and trigonometry to solve freebody exercises.
apply Newton's laws of motion to explain inertia, the relationship among force, mass and acceleration, and
the interaction of forces between two objects;
design an experiment to verify Newton's Second Law of Motion identifying and controlling major variables;
evaluate and select appropriate instruments for collecting evidence and appropriate processes for problem
solving, inquiring, and decision making based on Newton's Second Law of Motion;
carry out an experiment for verifying Newton's Second Law of Motion controlling the major variables and
adapting or extending procedures where required;
use instruments effectively and accurately for collecting data;
compile and display evidence and information about Newton's Second Law of Motion, by hand or computer,
in a variety of formats;
analyse and describe examples where knowledge of the dynamics of bodies was enhanced or revised as a
result of the invention of a technology;
explain how a major scientific milestone revolutionized thinking in dynamics.
do numerical exercises based on Newton's Laws and the Law of Universal Gravitation.
write an expression for momentum and explain why it was an appropriate choice for a quantity of motion;
use momentum to write en expression for Newton's Second Law of Motion.
Work Energy
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apply quantitatively the law of conservation of momentum to one-dimensional collisions and explosions: define linear momentum; - define impulse and relate to Newton's Second Law of Motion. - analyze collisions
and explosions using conservation of momentum
analyse quantitatively the relationships among force, distance, and work;
analyse quantitatively the relationships among work, time, and power;
design and carry out an experiment to determine the efficiency of various machines.
analyse quantitatively the relationships among mass, speed, kinetic energy and heat using the law of
conservation of energy: - define gravitational, potential, elastic potential and kinetic energies; - relate energy
transformations to work done; - relate kinetic energy to temperature and heat; - solve problems using the
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Law of Conservation of Energy, including changes in gravitational potential energy, elastic potential
energy, and kinetic energy; - explain the role of friction and the loss of mechanical energy from a system.
describe quantitatively mechanical energy as the sum of kinetic and potential energies;
compare empirical and theoretical values of total energy and account for discrepancies;
analyse quantitatively problems related to kinematics and dynamics using the mechanical energy concept;
analyse common energy transformation situations using the closed system work-energy theorem;
analyse and describe examples where technological solutions were developed based on scientific
understanding;
determine the percent efficiency of energy transformation;
design an experiment, select and use appropriate tools, carry out procedures, compile and organize data, and
interpret patterns in the data to answer a question posed regarding the conservation of energy;
distinguish between problems that can be solved by the application of physics-related technologies and those
that cannot;
determine which laws of conservation, momentum and energy, are best used to analyse and solve particular
real-life problems in elastic and inelastic interactions: - differentiate between elastic and inelastic situations
analyze simple harmonic motion by applying the law of conservation of energy.
distinguish between problems that can be solved by the application of physics-related technologies and those
that cannot; - in particular you will learn that safety in transportation and in sports can be increased through
technology, but that behaviors that sometimes lead to unsafe circumstances cannot.
analyse and describe examples where energy-and momentum-related technologies were developed and
improved over time;
describe and evaluate the design of technological solutions and the way they function using principles of
energy and momentum;
explain the importance of using appropriate language and conventions when describing events related to
momentum and energy.
Waves
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describe the production, characteristics, and behaviors of longitudinal and transverse mechanical waves;
formulate operational definitions of major variables:
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select and integrate information from various print and electronic sources;
analyze, from a variety of perspectives, the risks and benefits to society and to the environment when
applying scientific knowledge or introducing a particular technology;
analyze natural and technological systems to interpret their structure and dynamics;
analyze society's influence on scientific and technological endeavors;
construct and test a prototype of a device and troubleshoot problems as they arise;
analyze why and how a particular technology was developed and improved over time;
apply the universal wave equation to explain and predict the behavior of waves;
implement appropriate sampling procedures and evaluate the relevance, reliability, and adequacy of data and
data collection methods in wave experiments;
explain qualitatively and quantitatively the phenomena of wave interference, diffraction, reflection and
refraction;
apply the laws of reflection and the laws of refraction to predict wave behavior:
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describe how energy input affects the appearance/behavior of a wave;
discuss how energy can be transmitted by wave action
explain how engineers must take resonance into account when building large structures;
draw a diagram and explain the refraction of water waves passing from deep to shallow water;
state a prediction and a hypothesis about wave behavior based on available evidence and background
information.
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explain qualitatively and quantitatively the phenomena of wave interference, diffraction, reflection and
refraction, and the Doppler effect;
apply the laws of reflection and the laws of refraction to predict wave behavior;
apply the laws of reflection and the laws of refraction to predict wave behavior;
compare and describe the properties of electromagnetic radiation and sound;
describe how sound and electromagnetic radiation, as forms of energy transfer, are produced and transmitted:
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describe how sound is produced, giving an example of each in nature and technology;
describe how sound is transmitted;
list the factors on which the speed of sound depends;
produce beats (physically) using two sources with slightly
different frequency;
- explain the phenomenon of beats;
- explain how standing waves are produced in closed and open pipes;
- make use of the phenomenon of resonance in pipes to experimentally
determine the speed of sound in air;
- explain the phenomenon of the Doppler effect and indicate examples;
- explain the phenomenon of the sonic boom, describe the problem it causes, and how such
problems can be minimized;
analyze and describe examples where scientific understanding was enhanced as a result of the invention of a
technological device.