1 - Life Cycle Analysis on Cotton and Cow-Calf Production in the Texas High
Plains and Rolling Plains WANG, TONG; PARK, SEONG CHEOL; RAJAN,
NITHYA; BEVERS, STANLEY J.; DELAUNE, PAUL B.; AMOSSON,
STEPHEN H. Recherche sur Internet; 2013; information non valid_e. [consult_e
le 17 janvier 2013]. + [acces au document]
--> "... Southern Agricultural Economics Association>2013 Annual Meeting,
February 2-5, 2013, Orlando, Florida (source : AgEcon) ..." (Source Internet) ref.
[Z27/](THE WEB)
2 - Strawberry production chain: application of a LCA model. PEANO, C.;
GIRGENTI, V.; GIUGGIOLI, N.; BOUNOUS, M. Dipartimento di
Colture Arboree, Universita di Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco,
TO, Italy. Acta Horticulturae; 2012. 940, 471-474. 3 ref. -- [978-90-66056-85-5 ] -[0567-7572 ] -- English -- XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science
and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on the Challenge
for a Sustainable Production, Protection and Consumption of Mediterranean Fruits
and Nuts, Lisbon, Portugal. + [acces au document]
--> agricultural production; life cycle assessment;
mathematical models; strawberries; fragaria; fragaria
ananassa; italy; piedmont
--> Food chains, strawberries in particular, often have negative environmental impacts.
Worldwide is raising the concern about global food security and damage to the
ecosystems. In this way growers and distributors aim to improve the environmental
sustainability of their produce through eco-friendly means of production without
reducing the quality and profitability. An important tool in improving the
environmental performance of food production systems is life cycle assessment
(LCA). To exploit this crop and improving its quality is important to take an overall
view of the entire production process in order to understand the critic points of the
system at the stage of field work and distribution to be able to improve and take action
in the production process' steps. The preparation of a budget, which is able to analyze
the effects of primary and secondary production, consumption and disposal of
property, is becoming increasingly important to assess the sustainability of production
process. The objective of this work is the application of the LCA model to study the
production chain of fresh strawberries for productive distribution areas of most
interest in Piedmont. The production of 1 kg of strawberries emits 0.63 kg of CO2
equivalent, and most of the impact of the supply chain comes from plastic materials.
ref. [K20/20133015632](CAB ABSTRACTS)
3 - What Scientific Issues in Life Cycle Assessment Applied to Waste and
Biomass Valorization' Editorial BELLON-MAUREL, V.; AISSANI, L.;
BESSOU, C.; LARDON, L.; LOISEAU, E.; RISCH, E.; ROUX, P.;
JUNQUA, G. Recherche dans HAL via rss; 2013 [consult_e le 15 janvier 2013]. -[1877-2641, 1877-265X] + [acces au document] ref. [H00/](HAL)
1 - A LCA (life cycle assessment) of the methanol production from sugarcane
bagasse.22nd International Conference, on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization,
Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2009
GRILLO RENO, MARIA LUIZA; SILVA LORA, ELECTO EDUARDO;
ESCOBAR PALACIO, JOSE CARLOS; VENTURINI, OSVALDO JOSE;
BUCHGEISTER, JENS; ALMAZAN, OSCAR; NEBRA, SILVIA AZUCENA
[EDITOR]; DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, SILVIO [EDITOR]; BAZZO,
EDSON [EDITOR] [b1] Excellence Group in Thermal Power and Distributed
Generation, Federal University of Itajuba, Av. BPS 1303, CP 50, Itajuba, Minas
Gerais, Brazil; [b2] Institute of Karlsruhe Technology, Institute Energy (Oxford).
2011 vol. 36 (6) : pp. 3716 - 3726 [11 p.] -- [0360-5442 ] -- English -- International
Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation and Environmental
Impact of Energy Systems., 22, Foz do Iguacu, 2009-08-31 PB - Elsevier, Kidlington
LO - INIST-CNRS (INIST), Shelf number 16809, INIST No. 354000192160020100 +
[acces au document]
--> energy; environment; energy; if - energie;
environnement; energie;
--> Nowadays one of the most important environmental issues is the exponential
increase of the greenhouse effect by the polluting action of the industrial and transport
sectors. The production of biofuels is considered a viable alternative for the pollution
mitigation but also to promote rural development. The work presents an analysis of
the environmental impacts of the methanol production from sugarcane bagasse, taking
into consideration the balance of the energy life cycle and its net environmental
impacts, both are included in a LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) approach. The
evaluation is done as a case study of a 100,000 t/y methanol plant, using sugarcane
bagasse as raw material. The methanol is produced through the BTL (Biomass to
Liquid) route. The results of the environmental impacts were compared to others LCA
studies of biofuel and it was showed that there are significant differences of
environmental performance among the existing biofuel production system, even for
the same feedstock. The differences are dependent on many factors such as farming
practices, technology of the biomass conversion. With relation to the result of
output/input ratio, the methanol production from sugarcane bagasse showed to be a
feasible alternative for the substitution of an amount of fossil methanol obtained from
natural gas. NR - 71 ref. ref. [K60/130058920](PASCAL)
2 - Assessment of environment-friendly rice farming through life cycle
assessment (LCA). (Special issue on agricultural & natural resources) HATCHO,
N.; MATSUNO, Y.; KOCHI, K.; NISHIS, K. Department of
Environmental Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204
Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural
Sciences; 2012. 11: 1 (Special), 403-408. 10 ref. -- [1685-1994 ] -- English + [acces
au document]
--> climate change; crop production; emissions; energy
consumption; environmental impact; eutrophication; farm
comparisons; farm inputs; global warming; greenhouse
gases; life cycle assessment; rice; sustainability; water
pollution; oryza; oryza sativa; japan
--> To reduce the negative impacts of farming, both national and local governments in
Japan are promoting environmentally friendly farming. Similarly sustainable
agriculture practices are pursued in different parts of the world. Shiga prefecture (135
degrees 52'E, 35 degrees 00'N), Japan is promoting such environmentally friendly
farming by providing subsidies to farmers who reduce the level of chemical fertilizer
application to control water pollution and eutrophication in Lake Biwa basin.
Environmental impacts of rice farming, particularly the emission of global warming
gas (CO2, N2O, and CH4), eutrophication (T-N and T-P and COD to water) and energy
consumption, were analyzed by applying life cycle assessment (LCA), which is a
method to analyze environmental impacts associated with whole process of certain
product from raw material extraction, processing/production, distribution, use, and
disposal. Cultivation practices and inputs (labor, materials, and chemicals) of farmers
ho adopt environmentally friendly and conventional practices were collected through
interviews with local farmers in the basin of Nishinoko area in Shiga prefecture. The
system boundary includes all processes of paddy production from seeding to
harvest/drying and machinery/materials used for production, but does not include
construction of facilities and buildings/land consolidation and waste disposal,
distribution of products, and consumption processes. The process of making compost
is also included in the analysis where compost is applied. Results show that
environmentally friendly farming does not necessarily have lesser impacts when
compared to conventional farming in different categories of assessment, which largely
depends on the estimation of methane emission and total-P/total-nitrogen from paddy
fields. ref. [K20/20133022311](CAB ABSTRACTS)
3 - Assessment of the rice husk lean-combustion in a bubbling fluidized bed for
the production of amorphous silica-rich ash.22nd International Conference, on
Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy
Systems, ECOS 2009 MARTINEZ, JUAN DANIEL; PINEDA, TATIANA;
PABLO LOPEZ, JUAN; BETANCUR, MARILUZ; NEBRA, SILVIA
AZUCENA [EDITOR]; DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, SILVIO [EDITOR];
BAZZO, EDSON [EDITOR] [b1] Grupo de Investigaciones Ambientales,
Instituto de Energia, Materiales y Medioambiente, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana,
Circular 1 Nro 70-01, Bloque 11, Medellin, Colombia; [a1] Federal Univ Energy
(Oxford). 2011 vol. 36 (6) : pp. 3846 - 3854 [9 p.] -- [0360-5442 ] -- English -International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation and
Environmental Impact of Energy Systems., 22, Foz do Iguacu, 2009-08-31 PB Elsevier, Kidlington LO - INIST-CNRS (INIST), Shelf number 16809, INIST No.
354000192160020230 + [acces au document]
--> energy; environment; energy; if - energie;
environnement; energie;
--> Rice husk lean-combustion in a bubbling and atmospheric fluidized bed reactor
(FBR) of 0.3 m diameter with expansion to 0.4 m in the freeboard zone and 3 m
height was investigated. Experiment design response surface methodology (RSM) is
used to evaluate both excess air and normal fluidizing velocity influence (independent
and controllable variables), in the combustion efficiency (carbon transformation), bed
and freeboard temperature and silica content in the ashes. Hot gases emissions (CO2,
CO and NOx), crystallographic structure and morphology of the ash are also shown.
A cold fluidization study is also presented. The values implemented in the equipment
operation, excess air in the range of 40 125% and normal fluidization velocities
(0.130.15 Nm/s) show that the values near the lower limit, encourage bed
temperatures around 750 degreeC with higher carbon transformation efficiencies
around 98%. However, this condition deteriorated the amorphous potential of silica
present in the ash. An opposite behavior as evidenced at the upper limit of the excess
air. This thermochemical process in this type of reactor shows the technical feasibility
to valorize RH producing hot gases and an amorphous siliceous raw material. NR - 24
ref. ref. [K60/130058928](PASCAL)
4 - Collaboration and Sustainable Relationships: their Contribution to the Life
Cycle Analysis in Agri-Food Supply Chains ROTA, COSIMO; REYNOLDS,
NICOLAI; ZANASI, CESARE Recherche sur Internet; 2013; information non
valid_e. [consult_e le 26 fevrier 2013]. + [acces au document]
--> "... The life cycle approach is widely used in the analysis of sustainability. Its
application to supply chains is necessary since the product flows, from processing of
raw materials to the final customer, are considered. The role of the organizational
aspects, expressed in terms of relationships between the supply chain agents, is little
considered in the life cycle analysis approach. The aim of this paper is to extend the
scope of the food chain life cycle analysis by adding the organizational dimension to
the environmental, economic and social ones. Within this context, Collaboration and
Sustainable Relationships concepts have been explored based on a literature survey. A
theoretical framework, describing their role in assessing the organizational dimension
in the life cycle analysis of the food supply chains, is defined. A hypothesis on their
joint influence on the supply chains performances is formulated. (source :
AgEcon) ..." (Source Internet) ref. [Z27/](THE WEB)
5 - Combined production of sugar, ethanol and electricity: Thermoeconomic and
environmental analysis and optimization.22nd International Conference, on
Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy
Systems, ECOS 2009 FELIPE PELLEGRINI, LUIZ; DE OLIVEIRA,
SILVIO, JUNIOR; NEBRA, SILVIA AZUCENA [EDITOR]; DE
OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, SILVIO [EDITOR]; BAZZO, EDSON [EDITOR]
[b1] Laboratory of Environmental and Thermal Engineering, Polytechnic School,
University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, 1289 Cidade Universitaria,
CEP:05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; [a1] Fe Energy (Oxford). 2011 vol. 36 (6) : pp.
3704 - 3715 [12 p.] -- [0360-5442 ] -- English -- International Conference on
Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy
Systems., 22, Foz do Iguacu, 2009-08-31 PB - Elsevier, Kidlington LO - INIST-CNRS
(INIST), Shelf number 16809, INIST No. 354000192160020090 + [acces au
document]
--> energy; environment; energy; if - energie;
environnement; energie;
--> Many works have shown the potential of the Brazilian sugarcane industry as an
electricity supplier. However, few studies have studied how this potential could be
achieved without jeopardizing the production of sugar and ethanol. Also, the impact
of modifications in the cogeneration plant on the costs of production of sugar and
ethanol has not been evaluated. This paper presents an approach to the problem of
exergy optimization of cogeneration systems in sugarcane mills. A general model to
the sugar and ethanol production processes is developed based on data supplied by a
real plant, and an exergy analysis is performed. A discussion is made about the
variables that most affect the performance of the processes. Then, a procedure is
presented to evaluate modifications in the cogeneration system and in the process, and
their impact on the production costs of sugar, ethanol and electricity. Furthermore, a
discussion on the renewability of processes is made based on an exergy index of
renewability. As a general c nclusion, besides adding a new revenue to the mill, the
generation of excess electricity improves the exergo-environmental performance of
the mill as a whole. NR - 47 ref. ref. [K60/130058919](PASCAL)
6 - Comparative study of green water footprint estimation methods for Thailand:
a case study of cassava-based ethanol. PONGPINYOPAP, S.; MUNGCHAROEN,
T. Center for Petroleum Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials and Center for
Advanced Studies in Industrial Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, B Environment and Natural
Resources Journal; 2012. 10: 2, 66-72. 23 ref. -- English + [acces au document]
--> analytical methods; cassava; estimation; ethanol;
ethanol production; soil water; soil water balance;
water; water use; manihot esculenta; thailand
--> Numerous water footprint studies published over the past decade have evaluated
consumptive water use for various products and different contexts. Most of them are
based on the FAO CROPWAT model using the USDA-SCS method for green water
estimation. The proper estimation method of green water use is essential for
improving accuracy of the results. In this study, the USDA-SCS, the Fixed percentage
and the FAO/AGLW methods for the estimation of the green water use of cassavabased ethanol were compared against the daily soil water balance method in order to
test the suitability of these methods for water footprinting studies in Thailand. One ton
of cassava-based ethanol product was set as a functional unit. The reference year of
the data was 2010. The study has shown that the USDA-SCS, the Fixed percentage
and the FAO/AGLW methods underestimate the green water footprint by the average
of 54, 56 and 70 percent, respectively. The effect of this will lead to overestimation of
the blue water component of the water ootprint and increase the opportunity costs of
blue water uses. Therefore, it can be concluded that all three methods commonly used
for estimating green water use are not appropriate for the conditions in Thailand. ref.
[K20/20133058708](CAB ABSTRACTS)
7 - Evaluation of the environmental impact of consumer behaviour: comparison
between fresh and processed tomatoes. PALMA, G.; BELHANAFI, M.;
PADILLA, M.; FORT, F. Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier,
3191 route de Mende, Montpellier, France. Acta Horticulturae; 2013. 971, 195-202.
18 ref. -- [978-90-66057-15-9 ] -- [0567-7572 ] -- English -- XII International
Symposium on the Processing Tomato, Beijing, China. + [acces au document]
--> consumer behaviour; fruits; purchasing; purchasing
habits; tomatoes; solanum lycopersicum
--> Several studies emphasize that agriculture and food as a whole are responsible for
the increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, as a central actor in the food
supply chain, consumers play a very important role as their food behaviour can be
highly polluting. However, few studies focus on the environmental impact of
consumer behaviour or investigate which action has the greatest consequences. The
purpose of this study is to analyse consumer practices, from purchase to final waste.
Fresh and processed tomatoes were chosen as examples of general fruit and
vegetables, and their environmental impact measured. Four impact categories were
adopted: acidification, eutrophication, global warming and human toxicity. Results
regarding fresh tomatoes clearly indicate that purchasing has the highest
environmental impact for all 4 categories of impacts. Such an impact is mainly due to
transport from supermarket to household (generally by car). Also in the case of
processed tomatoes purchasing is responsible for great share of the impact, but
cooking and end of life phases are also very important, namely for acidification and
global warming the former, and human toxicity the latter. If we compare fresh
tomatoes with processed tomatoes, the latter have a greater impact in all 4 categories.
GHG emissions at consumer level are 0.07 kg CO2 eq for fresh tomatoes and 0.18 kg
CO2 eq for processed tomatoes, while human toxicity levels are 25 times higher for
the latter. However, if we take into consideration the fact that 6 kg of fresh tomatoes
are needed for 1 kg of processed tomatoes, the results can be seen in a different light.
In this case, the impact of fresh tomatoes (global warming potential) is 2.3 times
higher than that of processed tomatoes. Finally, if we calculate CO2 emissions
generated by making equal quantities of tomato sauce with fresh tomatoes or rather
with tomato paste, results are equal. ref. [K20/20133041740](CAB
ABSTRACTS)
8 - Improving bioethanol production from sugarcane: evaluation of distillation,
thermal integration and cogeneration systems.22nd International Conference, on
Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy
Systems, ECOS 2009 DIAS, MARINA O. S.; MODESTO, MARCELO;
ENSINAS, ADRIANO V.; NEBRA, SILVIA A.; MACIEL FILHO,
RUBENS; ROSSELL, CARLOS E. V.; NEBRA, SILVIA AZUCENA
[EDITOR]; DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, SILVIO [EDITOR]; BAZZO,
EDSON [EDITOR] [b1] School of Chemical Engineering, University of
Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; [b2] Laboratorio
Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), P.O. Box 6170, 13083
Energy (Oxford). 2011 vol. 36 (6) : pp. 3691 - 3703 [13 p.] -- [0360-5442 ] -English -- International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and
Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems., 22, Foz do Iguacu, 200908-31 PB - Elsevier, Kidlington LO - INIST-CNRS (INIST), Shelf number 16809,
INIST No. 354000192160020080 + [acces au document]
--> energy; environment; energy; if - energie;
environnement; energie;
--> Demand for bioethanol has grown considerably over the last years. Even though
Brazil has been producing ethanol from sugarcane on a large scale for decades, this
industry is characterized by low energy efficiency, using a large fraction of the
bagasse produced as fuel in the cogeneration system to supply the process energy
requirements. The possibility of selling surplus electricity to the grid or using surplus
bagasse as raw material of other processes has motivated investments on more
efficient cogeneration systems and process thermal integration. In this work
simulations of an autonomous distillery were carried out, along with utilities demand
optimization using Pinch Analysis concepts. Different cogeneration systems were
analyzed: a traditional Rankine Cycle, with steam of high temperature and pressure
(80 bar, 510 degreeC) and back pressure and condensing steam turbines configuration,
and a BIGCC (Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle), comprised by a gas
turbine set operating with biomass gas produced in a gasifier that uses sugarcane
bagasse as raw material. Thermoeconomic analyses determining exergy-based costs
of electricity and ethanol for both cases were carried out. The main objective is to
show the impact that these process improvements can produce in industrial systems,
compared to the current situation. NR - 62 ref. ref.
[K60/130058908](PASCAL)
9 - Integrated Environmental Assessment of sunflower oil production.
SPINELLI, D.; JEZ, S.; BASOSI, R. Department of Chemistry,
Center for Complex System Investigation, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. Process
Biochemistry; 2012. 47: 11, 1595-1602. 38 ref. -- [1359-5113 ] -- English -Bioenergy. 14th IBS Congress, Rimini, Italy, 2010. + [acces au document]
--> bioenergy; biofuels; carbon dioxide; diesel oil;
emission; energy sources; environmental assessment;
environmental impact; fossil fuels; organic farming;
plant oils; renewable energy; renewable resources;
sunflower oil
--> The high energy and petroleum based fuels demand of the world require use of
alternative fuels from materials available within each country. Therefore biofuels may
be an alternative to mineral diesel. A local pilot production of sunflower oil was
implemented in order to test the possibility to reduce fossil fuels consumption on a
local scale. Vegetable oils can be directly obtained from oilseed plants and can be
used as energy sources in internal combustion engines. Environmental Impact
Indicators were provided by Material Flow Accounting, Embodied Energy Analysis
and Emergy Accounting. All three approaches reveal that the agricultural phase is the
critical step in the whole production line from the point of view of environmental
impact. The renewability calculated for the sunflower oil is 33.6%. A comparative
Life Cycle Assessment analysis for the sunflower oil production line from
conventional farming with organic farming showed environmental advantages.
Furthermore use of vegetable oils instead of diesel oil as energy sources in internal
combustion engines reduces carbon dioxide emissions of 59%. This study represents
an opportunity for farms to reduce dependence on petroleum and to explore energy
production systems exploiting renewable energy. ref.
[K20/20133049259](CAB ABSTRACTS)
10 - Limitations of LCA in environmental accounting for biofuels under RED
BICALHO, TEREZA . 2012. 3, 2, 218-234 -- [2040-8021] + [acces au
document] ref. [Z00/](AGRITROP)
11 - Multi-criteria analysis in the strategic environmental assessment of the
sugar and alcohol sector. OLIVEIRA, D. B. B.; RODRIGUES, J. P.;
SILVA, L. F. DA; OLIVEIRA, P. T. S. Departamento de Hidraulica e
Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Cx.
Postal 359, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum Technology; 2012. 34: 3, 303-311. 36 ref. -- [1806-2563 ] -- English + [acces au
document]
--> alcoholic beverages; cultivation; education; electric
power; employment; environmental assessment;
environmental protection; food processing; fuzzy logic;
geographical variation; mathematical models; sectoral
planning; spatial variation; sugar; sugar indu
--> The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the sugar and alcohol sector
guides a territorial and sectoral planning that benefits most of the local society and
supports this economic activity in all its stages. In this way, the present work aims to
determine an index of aggregation of the indicators generated in the baseline of the
SEA process, called Index of Sustainability of Expansion of the Sugar and Alcohol
Sector (IScana). For this, it was used the normalization of the indicators of each city
by the fuzzy logic and attribution of weights by the Analytic Hierarchy Process
(AHP). Then, the IScana values had been spatialized in the region of 'Grande
Dourados' - Mato Grosso do Sul State. The northern portion concentrated the highest
values of IScana, 0.48 and 0.55, referring to the cities of Nova Alvorada do Sul and
Rio Brilhante, while, in the central portion, the city of Dourados presented the lowest
value, 0.10. The selection of the set of indicators forming the IScana, and their
relative importanc , was satisfactory for the application of fuzzy logic and AHP
techniques. The IScana index supplies objective information regarding the diagnosis
of the region for the application of SEA. ref. [K20/20133016787](CAB
ABSTRACTS)
12 - Reducing the Environmental Impact of Biodiesel Production from Vegetable
Oil by Use of a Solar-Assisted Steam Generation System with Heat Storage
BRUNET, ROBERT; ANTIPOVA, EKATERINA; GUILLEN-GOSALBEZ,
GONZALO; JIMENEZ, LAUREANO [b1] Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica,
Escola Tecnica Superior d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus
Sescelades, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain Industrial &
engineering chemistry research. 2012 vol. 51 (51) : pp. 16660 - 16669 [10 p.] -[0888-5885 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> storage; water vapor; vegetable oil; production;
environment impact df - stockage; vapeur eau; huile
vegetale; production; impact environnement dg almacenamiento; vapor agua; aceite vegetal; produccion;
impacto medio ambiente; chemical eng
--> In this work, we address the problem of reducing the environmental impact of
biodiesel plants through their integration with a solar thermal energy system that
generates steam. A mathematical model of the solar energy system that includes
energy storage is constructed and coupled with a rigorous simulation model of the
biodiesel facility developed in Aspen Plus. The solar energy system model takes the
form of a bicriteria nonlinear programming (biNLP) formulation that accounts for the
simultaneous minimization of cost and global warming potential (GWP). A detailed
cost and environmental analysis of the integrated facility is presented based on data
available in the literature. The environmental impact is quantified in terms of
contribution to GWP using the CML2001 methodology, a framework based on life
cycle assessment (LCA) principles. Numerical results indicate that it is possible to
reduce the current natural gas consumption required in the biodiesel facility by more
than 94.87% compared to the initial b se design, which results in an improvement of
19.88% in green house gases (GHG) emissions. NR - 48 ref. ref.
[K60/130046879](PASCAL)
13 - Synthesis and parameter optimization of a combined sugar and ethanol
production process integrated with a CHP system.22nd International Conference,
on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of
Energy Systems, ECOS 2009 MORANDIN, MATTEO; TOFFOLO, ANDREA;
LAZZARETTO, ANDREA; MARECHAL, FRANCOIS; ENSINAS, ADRIANO
V.; NEBRA, SILVIA A.; NEBRA, SILVIA AZUCENA [EDITOR]; DE
OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, SILVIO [EDITOR]; BAZZO, EDSON [EDITOR]
[b1] Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1,
35131, Padova, Italy; [b2] LENI Industrial Energy Systems Laboratory, EPFL, Bat.
ME A2 Station 9, 1015 Lausanne, Switze Energy (Oxford). 2011 vol. 36 (6) : pp.
3675 - 3690 [16 p.] -- [0360-5442 ] -- English -- International Conference on
Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy
Systems., 22, Foz do Iguacu, 2009-08-31 PB - Elsevier, Kidlington LO - INIST-CNRS
(INIST), Shelf number 16809, INIST No. 354000192160020070 + [acces au
document]
--> energy; environment; energy; if - energie;
environnement; energie;
--> The combined sugar and ethanol production process from sugar cane is a
paradigmatic application for energy integration strategies because of the high number
of hot and cold streams involved, the external hot utility requirement at two
temperature levels for juice evaporation and crystallization, and the electricity
demand for juice extraction by milling. These conditions make it convenient to
combine the sugar-cane process with a CHP system fuelled by bagasse, the main byproduct from juice extraction. The strategies, tools and expertise on energy integration
developed separately by the research teams authoring this paper are applied here
jointly to optimize the synthesis and the design parameters of the process and of the
total site starting from the basic idea of dissociating the heat exchanger network
design problem from the total site synthesis problem. At first the minimization of the
external heat requirement for the process alone is pursued and results show that a one
third reduction can be achieved y optimal heat integration. Then the use of the byproduct bagasse for on-site power generation is considered and two bagasse-fuelled
CHP systems are optimized along with some parts of the sugar and ethanol production
process in order to obtain maximum total site net power. Results show a variety of
interesting scenarios of combined sugar, ethanol and electricity production plants with
considerably high electricity output. NR - 40 ref. ref.
[K60/130058907](PASCAL)
1 - Diagnostic of the land use in the Midwest Region of Minas Gerais, Brazil: the
renewal of the landscape by the sugarcane crops and its social and
environmental impacts.[Portuguese] OLIVEIRA, E. G.; FERREIRA, M.
E.; ARAUJO, F. M. DE UFG, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Sociedade &
Natureza; 2012. 24: 3, 545-555. 26 ref. -- [0103-1570 ] -- Portuguese + [acces au
document]
--> afforestation; cerrado; environmental impact;
geographical information systems; land use; landscape;
pastures; remote sensing; sugarcane; saccharum; saccharum
officinarum; brazil; minas gerais
--> In the last years, Brazil has experienced a significant increase in consumption of
ethanol fuel, combined with an increase of sugarcane price in the international market.
During the period 2000-2010 the area occupied by sugarcane increased 97.59%
(equivalent to 4,526,475 hectares). These facts have contributed for changings in the
agriculture dynamic in the Cerrado biome (savanna), accentuating the substitution of
less investment-demanding crops by sugarcane. In this study we have evaluated the
expansion of sugarcane crops in the central and western part of Minas Gerais State,
specifically in areas of Cerrado, as well as their socioeconomic and environmental
impacts in the municipalities of the study area, during the 1995-2010 period. The
main results, obtained with the support of remote sensing and GIS techniques, show
an expansion of 130% in the areas planted with sugarcane, followed by 87% and 31%
of reforestation and other crops, respectively. It was also detected a reduction of
19.6% in the native vege ation cover, while pasturelands faced a reduction of 8.5%.
ref. [K20/20133091771](CAB ABSTRACTS)
2 - Environmental and socio-economic impacts of drought from the viewpoint of
Guilan paddy farmers, north Iran. DEVISTI, H.; MOTAMED, M. K.
Dept. of Rural Development, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan,
Rash, Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences; 2012. 10: 2, 227-235. 21
ref. -- [1735-3033 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> crop production; drought; economic impact;
environmental impact; rice; social impact; oryza; oryza
sativa; iran
--> A comprehensive assessment of drought environmental and socio-economic
impacts provides critical information to rational decisions supporting drought
mitigation policies and programs. The objectives of this study were to survey
environmental and socio-economic impacts of drought in Guilan Province, and
prioritize them from the viewpoint of paddy farmers. This study was a descriptivecorrelation study, and a questionnaire was the main tool used. The validity of the
questionnaire was determined by a panel of experts. The reliability of the
questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 85%. The statistical population
was the farmers whose basic profession was production of rice and who faced drought
according to the information of Agricultural Organization (Jihad-e-Keshavarzi) in
2009. By using the proportional stratified sample method, 270 of these individuals
were chosen to complete the questionnaires. The results indicated that drought, in
addition to reducing the white-rice production to 312 kg per hectare, also caused some
environmental and socio-economic impacts from the viewpoint of paddy farmers.
Prioritizing impacts of drought were economic, environmental and social respectively.
Other findings indicated that there were no statistically significant relationships
between age and environmental and social impacts and between land ownership type
and economic and social impacts. But, there was a statistically significant relationship
between age and literacy level and economic impacts, literacy level and social and
environmental impacts and between land ownership types and environmental impacts
of drought. ref. [K20/20133098934](CAB ABSTRACTS)
3 - Environmental impact of imidacloprid on soil fertility : a case study on
Drawida willsi earthworm. ANINDITA BHATTACHARYA; SAHU, S. K. .
Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghashidas
University, Chhattisgarh, India. The Clarion; 2013. 2: 1, 21-29. 39 ref. -- [22771697 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> imidacloprid; insecticide residues; insecticides;
mortality; nontarget organisms; risk assessment; soil
fertility; drawida
--> Imidacloprid one of the major components of many widely used insecticides and
is relatively persistent in soils. Earthworms are used as indicator species for
ecotoxicological evaluation and risk assessment. The effect of Imidacloprid on
mortality of a dominant crop field earthworm (Drawida willsi, Michaelsen) was
studied under ideal laboratory conditions to rice field soil. Soil and earthworm were
collected from a non-irrigated paddy field by hand sorting method. Different
concentration of Imidacloprid are prepared in dilution with acetone and sprayed on
the soil surface. Five replicate for each concentration of the pesticides were prepared.
Earthworm, D. willsi was added to each replicates and 96 h LC50 value of the
earthworm were calculated by probit analysis. It was found that the 96 h LC50 value
for with their 95% confidence limit of juvenile, immature and adult earthworm was
4.43, 7.96 and 12.45 mg a.i. Imidacloprid/kg dry soil respectively. Although the
recommended dose of Imi acloprid was lower the 96 h LC50 values of D. willsi for
Imidacloprid, but still it could affect the soil biota by altering its vital rates and
metabolism. ref. [K20/20133070694](CAB ABSTRACTS)
4 - Environmental impacts of Flood Control Drainage and Irrigation (FCDI)
projects in a non-irrigated area of Bangladesh: a case study. TALUKDER, B.;
DARA SHAMSUDDIN Department of Geography and Environmental Studies,
Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Journal of
Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies; 2012. 11: 2, 16-36. 19 ref. -- [1602-2297 ]
-- English + [acces au document]
--> case studies; cropping systems; drainage; environmental
impact; flood control; floods; irrigation; water
resources; bangladesh
--> Since 1960s in Bangladesh many water development projects have been
implemented mainly for flood control and boosting the agriculture. Among them
Flood Control Drainage and Irrigation (FCDI) projects are significant. Various studies
reveal the many positive and negative impacts of these projects. Although these
projects were implemented so as to support irrigation for High Yield Varieties
(HYVs) rice, but due to bad engineering construction some areas do not get irrigation
facilities. As a result serious environmental consequences result in those areas. The
consequences of the FCDI projects on the environment of those areas never been
examined systematically. This study is an attempt to examine the impacts of FCDI
projects on some of the agricultural and environmental components of an area without
irrigation facilities. A Mouza named Nischintapur within Meghna-Donagoda FCDI
project was selected for the study. It is assumed that before implementation of this
project the characteristics of the environment of he area were almost the same. The
FCDI interventions have changed the environment. Therefore, the aims of the study
were (1) to identify the impacts of the project on land use, (2) to recognize effects on
some of the agricultural components like cropping pattern, intensity, (3) to make a
status list of the flora and fauna of the study area; (4) to recognize the cause and effect
relationship between the project interventions and IEC (Important Environmental
Components) of the study area and (5) to identify the impacts at various environment
levels. This study was based on both primary and secondary data. Data were collected
from household and Mouza level questionnaire survey, key informants and
observation. Mouza map, GIS and statistical methods were used at different stages of
the study. The modified EIA method was used for impact assessment of the project in
Nischintapur mouza. The study shows that cropping patterns, cropping intensity and
crop diversity have ch ref. [K20/20133106282](CAB ABSTRACTS)
5 - Environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) of lubricants. (Woodhead
Publishing Series in Energy, No.46) BART, J. C. J.; GUCCIARDI, E.;
CAVALLARO, S. Biolubricants: science and technology; 2013. 527-564. 113 ref.
-- [978-0-85709-263-2 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> energy consumption; fuel oils; life cycle assessment;
lubricants; plant oils; rape; rapeseed oil; renewable
resources; soyabean oil; soyabeans; sustainability; swede
rape; brassica napus var; oleifera; glycine (fabaceae);
glycine max
--> Lubricants impact on the environment from raw material extraction to
manufacturing, usage and disposal or reuse. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is utilised
for evaluation of the environmental impacts of energy and material flows throughout
the product life. Several comprehensive LCAs have compared mineral oil-based and
bio-based lubricants, reporting varying conclusions. Environmental savings of
biolubricants are more apparent at a local level than at a global scale. Negative
impacts mainly stem from their agricultural production and performance in the use
phase. LCAs should be used in industrial product design of biolubricants. Sustainable
development indicators also consider the socio-economic impact of a product.
Optimised lubricants determine significant energy savings. ref.
[K20/20133042137](CAB ABSTRACTS)
6 - How potential carbon policies could affect where and how cotton is produced
in the united states NALLEY, L.; POPP, M.; NIEDERMAN, Z.; BRYE,
K.; MATLOCK, M. . 2012. 41, 2, 215-231LA - English -- [10682805] + [acces
au document]
--> carbon; cotton; greenhouse gas; life cycle assessment;
sequestration; tillage
--> "... Using life cycle assessment methodology, this analysis evaluates how two
carbon reduction strategies affect cotton plantings regionally and methods used to
produce cotton. Because cotton production emits large amounts of carbon, the design
of a reduction policy as either excluding soil sequestration through cap-and-trade or
including it through carbon offset is likely to affect the success of the policy. A cap-
and-trade program that ignores the amount of carbon cotton would sequester in the
soil during its life cycle could increase net emissions by rewarding producers whose
crops emit limited carbon directly but also sequester little carbon in the ground.
Copyright 2012 Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association. ..."
(Source Internet) ref. [Z85/](SCOPUS)
7 - LCA applied to perennial cropping systems: a review focused on the farm
stage. BESSOU, C.; BASSET-MENS, C.; TRAN, T.; BENOIST, A.
CIRAD, UPR Perennial Crops, Av. de l'Agropolis, TA B-34/02, 34398, Montpellier
Cedex 5, France. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment; 2013. 18: 2, 340361. 133 ref. -- [0948-3349 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> apples; bananas; cocoa; coconuts; crop yield; cropping
systems; grapefruits; greenhouse gases; kiwifruits; oil
palms; olives; oranges; pears; reviews; sugarcane;
actinidia; actinidia deliciosa; citrus; citrus paradisi;
citrus sinensis; cocos nucifera; ela
--> Purpose: Perennial crops globally provide a lot of fruit and other food products.
They may also provide feedstock for bioenergy and have been, notably to this end, the
subject of several LCA-based studies mostly focusing on energy and GHG balances.
The purpose of this review was to investigate the relevance of LCAs on perennial
crops, especially focusing on how the perennial crop specificities were accounted for
in the farm stage modelling. Methods: More than 100 papers were reviewed covering
14 products from perennial crops: apple, banana (managed over several years), orange
and other citrus fruits, cocoa, coconut, coffee, grape fruit, Jatropha oil, kiwi fruit,
palm oil, olive, pear and sugarcane. These papers were classified into three categories
according to the comprehensiveness of the LCA study and depending on whether they
were peer-reviewed or not. An in-depth analysis of the goal and scope, data origin for
farming systems, modelling approach for the perennial cropping systems and methods
and ata for field emissions helped reveal the more critical issues and design some key
recommendations to account better for perennial cropping systems in LCA. Results
and discussion: In the vast majority of the reviewed papers, very little attention was
paid on integrating the perennial cropping cycle in the LCA. It is especially true for
bioenergy LCA-based studies that often mostly focused on the industrial
transformation without detailing the agricultural raw material production, although it
might contribute to a large extent to the studied impacts. Some key parameters, such
as the length of the crop cycle, the immature and unproductive phase or the biannual
yield alternance, were mostly not accounted for. Moreover, the lack of conceptual
modelling of the perennial cycle was not balanced by any attempt to represent the
temporal variability of the system with a comprehensive inventory of crop
managements and field emissions over several years. Conclusions: Accordi ref.
[K20/20133070658](CAB ABSTRACTS)
8 - STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE
EXPANSION OF PALM OIL BIOFUELS IN BRAZILIAN NORTH
REGION.Focus on Unconventional Energy Resources. Selected Papers from The
World Energy Conference DE CARVALHO, CAROLINA MONTEIRO;
BENFIELD, PAUL [EDITOR] [b1] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Centro de Tecnologia, bloco C, sala 211 CEP: 21949972 Cidade Universitaria Ilha do
Fundao Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL Caixa Postal: 68565, Brazil Energy & environment
(Brentwood). 2011 vol. 22 (5) : pp. 565 - 572 [8 p.] -- [0958-305X ] -- English -The World Energy Congress, 21, Montreal, 2010-09 PB - Multi-Science, Brentwood
LO - INIST-CNRS (INIST), Shelf number 27346, INIST No. 354000508561870030 SI INIST + [acces au document]
--> palm oil; sustainable expansion; developing country;
strategic environmental assessment; remote sensing; case
study; land use; remote sensing; decision support system;
energy plantation; brazil; pollution control;
environmental protection; sus
--> Biofuels development in Brazil is a key factor for the environment and sustainable
development of the country. Brazil has great potential of available areas and has
favourable climate and geography for biofuel production, such as palm oil, soy, sugar
cane, etc. This research aims to evaluate palm oil production and expansion in Para
state, in the north of Brazil and also Amazonian territory. Degraded land will be
evaluated through remote sensing, because palm oil crops should be placed in these
lands, and secondly, expansion scenarios would be created. This research will be a
decision support tool for public policies. NR - 1 p. ref.
[K60/130097145](PASCAL)
1 - Comparative LCA of ethanol versus gasoline in Brazil using different LCIA
methods. CAVALETT, O.; CHAGAS, M. F.; SEABRA, J. E. A.;
BONOMI, A. Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, CTBE,
Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil. International Journal of Life
Cycle Assessment; 2013. 18: 3, 647-658. 40 ref. -- [0948-3349 ] -- English + [acces
au document]
--> acidification; air pollution; bioenergy; biofuels; case
studies; climate change; emissions; environmental impact;
ethanol; eutrophication; global warming; land use; life
cycle assessment; methodology; oxidation; ozone
depletion; petroleum; renewable energ
--> Purpose: The main objective of this study is to expand the discussion about how,
and to what extent, the environmental performance is affected by the use of different
life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) illustrated by the case study of the comparison
between environmental impacts of gasoline and ethanol form sugarcane in Brazil.
Methods: The following LCIA methods have been considered in the evaluation: CML
2001, Impact 2002+, EDIP 2003, Eco-indicator 99, TRACI 2, ReCiPe, and Ecological
Scarcity 2006. Energy allocation was used to split the environmental burdens between
ethanol and surplus electricity generated at the sugarcane mill. The phases of
feedstock and (bio)fuel production, distribution, and use are included in system
boundaries. Results and discussion: At the midpoint level, comparison of different
LCIA methods showed that ethanol presents lower impacts than gasoline in important
categories such as global warming, fossil depletion, and ozone layer depletion.
However, ethanol presents higher impact in acidification, eutrophication,
photochemical oxidation, and agricultural land use categories. Regarding to singlescore indicators, ethanol presented better performance than gasoline using ReCiPe
Endpoint LCIA method. Using IMPACT 2002+, Eco-indicator 99, and Ecological
Scarcity 2006, higher scores are verified for ethanol, mainly due to the impacts related
to particulate emissions and land use impacts. Conclusions: Although there is a
relative agreement on the results regarding equivalent environmental impact
categories using different LCIA methods at midpoint level, when single-score
indicators are considered, use of different LCIA methods lead to different conclusions.
Single-score results also limit the interpretability at endpoint level, as a consequence
of small contributions of relevant environmental impact categories weighted in a
single-score indicator. ref. [K20/20133123700](CAB ABSTRACTS)
2 - Ecological and economic impact of dodder species (Cuscuta spp.
Convolvulaceae) on pratological ecosystems. TANASE, M.; STANCIU, M.;
MOISE, C.; GHEORGHE, M. "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, Sibiu,
Romania. Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology; 2012. 16: 3, 93-97.
39 ref. -- [2066-1797 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> beetroots; biodiversity; blackberries; carrots; chives;
clovers; cotton; crop losses; cropping systems; economic
impact; environmental impact; flax; fodder crops;
grasslands; hemp; lucerne; meadows; onions; parasitic
weeds; potatoes; spinach; tomatoes; ve
--> This paper is based on a study carried out on several prato-ecosystems (grasslands,
crops of perennial leguminous fodders) in the south-eastern region of Romania. All
these ecosystems are characterized by the presence of a holoparasitic anthophyte,
namely Cuscuta spp., which has a deep impact on vegetation due to the fact that it
determines modifications in the structure of the vegetal carpet, it decreases the arable
surface, results in quantitative and qualitative crop losses, represents a vector
concerning the transmission of such diseases as viroses and microplasmoses to the
host plant, and its impact on the biodiversity determines the degradation of the
landscapes' decorative aspect. Although dodders parasitize a significant number of
plants, the most important are the damages produced on perennial leguminous fodders,
such as: alfalfa, clover, cockshead, lotus corniculatus and several combinations for
sown meadows and natural grasslands. Nevertheless, further species are endangered
as well such as vegetables (onions, chives, tomatoes, carrots, spinach), textile plants
(flax, hemp, cotton), industrial plants (potatoes, beets) and ruderal plants on railway
sides or irrigation channels. Moreover, it also affects timber, such as willow, acacia,
plops, blackberry trees and even gramineae, even if they do not represent its favorite
host plants. In Romania, almost 20% of the alfalfa and red clover crops are affected
by this parasitic plant; and the spreading of dodders result in annual losses of over 20
million RON. ref. [K20/20133131067](CAB ABSTRACTS)
3 - Economic and environmental impact transgenically modified cotton
comparative with synthetic chemicals for insect control. GREENBERG, S.;
ALEJANDRO, J.; SETAMOU, M. Beneficial Insect Research Unit, Kika de la
Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. Journal of
Agricultural Science and Technology, B; 2012. 2: 7, 750-757. 44 ref. -- [2161-6264 ]
-- English + [acces au document]
--> cotton; cultivars; environmental impact; genetic
engineering; genetic transformation; insect pests; pest
resistance; plant pests; profits; reviews; transgenic
plants; bacillus thuringiensis; gossypium; gossypium
hirsutum; helicoverpa zea; insects; plants;
--> This article combines both a review of the literature and original data from our
research. The comparative efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) traits Bollgard,
Bollgard II, WideStrike, and non-Bt expressing cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., for
control of the noctuid complex of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie); fall
armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith); beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua
(Hubner); and cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), were evaluated in the Lower
Rio Grande Valley of Texas during 2005-2009. Noctuid larval survival and damage to
leaves on non-Bt cotton were 3.6-fold greater than on Bollgard II or WideStrike
cotton and 1.5-fold greater than on cotton varieties with the Bollgard trait. Transgenic
cotton has reduced the need for conventional insecticides with benefits to human
health and the environment. The revenue differences between Bt and conventional
cotton for last four years in LRGV of Texas was 214.3 $/ha and profit about 9 .9 $/ha.
We also analyzed cotton noctuid losses between Bt and conventionally grown cotton
in the USA summary of all states and Texas summary of all regions. ref.
[K20/20133112714](CAB ABSTRACTS)
4 - Life cycle inventory of the commercial production of compost from oil palm
biomass: a case study NORHASMILLAH, A.H.; PUAH, C.W.; IBRAHIM,
N.A.; BAHARUDDIN, A.S.; CHOO, Y.M. Recherche sur Internet; 2013;
information non valid_e. [consult_e le 26 avril 2013]. + [acces au document]
--> commercial production; compost; empty fruit bunches;
greenhouse gas emission; life cycle inventory; palm oil
mill effluent
--> "... This paper compared the life cycle inventory (LCI) obtained from three
commercial oil palm biomass composting projects in Malaysia which use the open
windrow composting system. The LCI was obtained and calculated based on the
functional unit of 1_t of compost produced. The input of the inventory are the feed
materials such as empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME); and
utilities which include electricity generated at palm oil mill and diesel used.
Composting 2.0-2.5_t of EFB and 5.0-7.5_t of POME required diesel from 218.7 to
270.2_MJ and electricity from 0 to 6.8_MJ. It is estimated that the composting
emitted from 0.01 to 0.02_t CO2eq/tcompost mainly from diesel used to operate
machineries. Composting saved 65_% of time required for a complete degradation of
POME when compared to ponding system, and 89_% of time required for a complete
degradation of EFB compared to mulching. In terms of land required, it required
36_% less land as compared to ponding for POME and 99_% less land s compared to
mulching for EFB. Based on the case study, diesel was found to be the main
contributor to the environmental impact. There is a potential of upgrading the process
to be more economical and environmental friendly. Using electricity as the source of
energy has a lower footprint for the composting process. Instead of using raw POME,
studies had reported that using treated POME either from anaerobic ponding or
digested tank can accelerate the composting process. _ 2013 Springer
Science+Business Media Dordrecht. ..." (Source Internet) ref.
[Z27/1264861](THE WEB)
5 - Research results regarding water consumption of pepper crop in field
conditions. HOBLE, A.; DIRJA, M.; LUCA, E.; LUCA, C. L.;
SALAGEAN, T. Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manastur St., 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Agricultura - Revista de Stiinta si Practica Agricola; 2012. 21: 3/4, 78-83. 7 ref. -[1221-5317 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> irrigation; plant water relations; water use; capsicum;
romania ref. [K20/20133096464](CAB ABSTRACTS)
6 - Social life cycle assessment of biodiesel production at three levels: A literature
review and development needs MACOMBE, CATHERINE; LESKINEN,
PEKKA; FESCHET, PAULINE; ANTIKAINEN, RIINA Journal of Cleaner
Production; Social life cycle assessment of biodiesel production at three levels. s.d.. , ,
- -- [0959-6526] + [acces au document]
--> biodiesel production; company; decision support; life
cycle assessment; region; social impacts; state levels
--> Abstract Assessment of social impacts of products and services has gained
increasing interest in society. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool developed to
estimate the impacts of products and services from cradle to grave. Traditionally LCA
has focused on environmental impacts, but recently approaches for social life cycle
assessment (SLCA) have also been developed. Most of them fairly address social
performances of business, but the aim of this paper is to analyse the possibilities and
development needs in the complementary approach, which is the evaluation of social
impacts in LCA. We review the field in general and take a closer look at the empirical
case of biodiesel production, which is a timely topic globally in view of the climate
change mitigation objectives. The analysis is carried out at three levels company,
regional, and state level. Despite active development in the field of SLCA, we
conclude that in many cases it is not yet possible to carry out a comprehensive SLCA.
Finally, we outline lin s of research that would further improve the methodological
and empirical basis of SLCA at various levels of decision-making. ref.
[Z82/1258622](SCIENCE DIRECT)
7 - Socioeconomic and environmental impact of development interventions: rice
production at the Gallito Ciego reservoir in Peru. CHAVEZ, H.;
NADOLNYAK, D.; SARAVIA, M. Department of Agricultural Economics and
Rural Sociology, Auburn University, 301-b Comer Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
International Food and Agribusiness Management Review; 2013. 16: 1, 1-15. 34 ref.
-- [1559-2448 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> cost benefit analysis; crop production; dams;
development projects; economic impact; environmental
impact; reservoirs; rice; social impact; sustainability;
oryza; oryza sativa; peru
--> Apart from direct economic impacts, development projects have complex social
and environmental impacts among which sustainability plays a major role. The Gallito
Ciego reservoir was built to increase and improve agricultural production at the
Jequetepeque valley in Peru. Cost-benefit analysis of rice production from 1992 to
2007 is used to measure the immediate economic impact of the project. Also, a matrix
of other relevant impact indicators is constructed to expose changes in the project's
environment during its life cycle. The main conclusion is that, even though there is a
significant positive increase in income from agricultural production, the social and
environmental impacts are not necessarily positive. ref.
[K20/20133128099](CAB ABSTRACTS)
8 - Water footprint of bioethanol production from sugarcane in Thailand.
KONGBOON, R.; SAMPATTAGUL, S. Energy Engineering, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University 239 Huay Kaew Rd., T. Suthep, A.
Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. Journal of Environment and Earth Science;
2012. 2: 11, 61-67. 13 ref. -- [2224-3216 ] -- English + [acces au document]
--> biofuels; crop production; cultivation; ethanol;
ethanol production; sugarcane; water; water resources;
saccharum; thailand
--> Following Thailand's policy framework on bioenergy as stipulated in the
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP), ethanol use is encouraged and thereby
results in increasing cultivation of sugarcane and other ethanol plants. Inadvertently,
the use of scarce water resources has increased in tandem. This research aims to
assess water footprint (WF) of sugarcane-based bioethanol production in Thailand.
The study consists of into two parts, i.e., cultivation and ethanol production processes.
The study result shows WF of sugarcane of 226 m3/ton, which consists of green WF
of 146 m3/ton, blue WF of 31 m3/ton, and grey WF of 49 m3/ton. Based on the
AEDP ethanol production targets of 3, 6.2 and 9 million m3/day by 2011, 2016, and
2022, demand of water is thus anticipated at 18,041; 37,787 and 54,853 million
m3/year, respectively. The promotion of ethanol use in such an agricultural country as
Thailand is definitely poised to cause the competition for water resources in plant
growing for human consumption and ener y production. The results of this study can
be applied to drawing up the future policy on water and to producing bioethanol in the
manner that is the most efficient use of water resources. ref.
[K20/20133123928](CAB ABSTRACTS)