LADOKE AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,
OGBOMOSO
DEPARTMENT OF PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICS
FACULTY OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES
STUDENT
INFORMATION HANDBOOK
SEPTEMBER, 2012
HEADS OF DEPARTMENT (1990 TO DATE)
Prof. A. O. Alabi
1990 – 1995
Dr. A. O. Yeye-Odu
1995-1996
Prof. A. M. Salau
1996-1997
Dr. T. Akomolafe
1997-1998
Dr. (Mrs) M. K. Akinloye
1998-2001
Dr. G. R. Fajinmi
2001-2004
Dr. O. M. Oni
2004-2006
Dr. M. O. Alade
2006-2008
Dr. A. O. Awodugba
2008-2010
Dr. O. A. Ajadi
2010-2012
Prof. L. A. Sunmonu
2012-Date
2
DEPARTMENTAL STAFF LIST
ACADEMIC STAFF
S/NO NAME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
QUALIFICATION
/MEMBERSHIP
OF
PROFESSIONAL
BODIES
Professor L. A. Sunmonu
B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph D.
(Ibadan)
MGAN, MNIP
Professor G. R. Fajinmi
B.Sc.(Essex), M.Sc.
(Brunnel),PhD.
(Ilorin).
MNIP,MMSN
Professor (Mrs.) M. K. B.Sc. (Ibadan),
Akinloye
M.Sc. (Leeds), Ph
D. (Ife).
FNIP, MINSTP,
CPHYS, MSTAN,
MNAMP.
Professor O. M. Oni
B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph D.
(Ibadan).
MNIP
Dr. D. A. Ajadi
B.Sc., Dip. Edu.
(Cape Coast),
M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph
D. (Abuja).
MNIP, MMAN.
Dr. A. O. Awodugba
B.Sc. (Ado Ekiti),
M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph
D. (Ogbomoso)
MNIP, MSESN
Dr. M. O. Alade
B.Sc., M.Sc. (Jos),
Ph D. (Ogbomoso).
MNIP
Dr. J. O. Ajayi
B.Sc. (Ife), M.Sc.
(Ibadan), Ph D.
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP.
Dr. Y. K. Sanusi
B.Sc., M.Sc.
(Ilorin), Ph D.
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP, MSESN,
MMSN
Dr. G. A. Alagbe
B.Sc. (Ibadan),
M.Sc., Ph D.
(Ilorin).
MNIP
Dr. G. A. Isola
B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph D.
3
RANK/DESIG
NATION
AREA OF
SPECIALIZATION
Professor/Head
of Department
Geophysics/Solid
Earth Physics
Professor
Solid State Physics
(Energy Option)
Professor
Medical and Health
Physics
Professor
Radiation and Health
Physics
Reader
Solid State Physics
Reader
Solid State/Material
Physics
Reader
Electronics/
Communication
Physics
Solid Earth Physics
Senior Lecturer
Senior Lecturer
Solar Energy/
Atmospheric Physics
Lecturer I
Ionospheric Physics
Lecturer II
Radiation and Health
12
Mrs. M.K Awodele
13
Mr. A. S. Adewumi
14
Mr. D.B. Amuda
15
Mr. O. Adedokun
16
Miss A.A. Olawoyin
17
Mr. T.A Adagunodo
18
Mr. A.O. Ilyas
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP
B.Tech.
(Ogbomoso)
M.Tech. (Ibadan).
MNIP
B.Sc., M.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP
B.Sc., M.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP
B.Sc., M.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
MNIP
B.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
B.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
B.Tech.
(Ogbomoso).
4
Physics
Lecturer II
Geophysics
Ass. Lecturer
Electronics/
Communication
Physics
Radiation and Health
Physics
Ass. Lecturer
Ass. Lecturer
Solid State/Material
Physics
Teaching
Assistant
Teaching
Assistant
Teaching
Assistant
Solid State Physics
Geophysics/Solid
Earth Physics
Solid State Physics
(Computational)
TECHNICAL STAFF
Mr. M. O. Jimoh
HND (NIST)
Asst. Chief Technologist
Mr. O. T. Oduola
HND, PGD
Principal Technologist
Mr. S. O. Alagbe
OND, HND (NIST)
Senior Technologist
Mr. R. A. Oladimeji
OND, HND (NIST)
Senior Technical Assistant I
Mr. J. A. Idowu
OND, HND (NIST)
Senior Laboratory Assistant
Mrs. F. F. Peters
DIPLOMA (DATA PROCESSING)
Senior Laboratory Supervisor
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
Mrs. R. F. Olaniyan
B.Sc.(Edu)
Principal Confidential Secretary
Mrs. R. I. Oyekunle
‘O’ Level, 50 w.p.w, N. C. E.
Senior Typist II
Mrs. Taiwo
O. Level
Senior Clerical Officer
5
INTRODUCTION
The Department offers opportunities for study leading to a degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Applied Physics. Physics is a fundamental science, which explains the physical nature of the world
and the universe as a whole and being the foundation of technological developments, the
programme offered in the Department is geared towards emphasizing the applied aspects of
Physics.
1.1
Philosophy
The Applied Physics Programme is designed to be professionally oriented and the graduates are
trained to be well equipped to serve in industries and research institutions particularly in a
developing country like Nigeria.
During the first three years, students are given good grounding in Classical Physics, Modern
Physics, Quantum Physics, Solid State Physics, Mathematics, Laboratory work and the use of
Computer. In fulfilling the professional nature of the programme, the fourth and fifth years are
devoted to special areas of Physics and applications such as; Communications Physics, Materials
Physics, Electronics, Nuclear Analytical Techniques and Radiation and Health Physics etc.
Between the fourth and fifth years, students are required to spend six months in an industry or in a
research institution working full time on assigned projects involving the applications of Physics.
Thus in many respects graduates of the programme differ from those of the conventional Physics
programme.
1.2
Objectives
The objectives of the Programme are:
a. To produce Physicists of high caliber and competence in theoretical and experimental
Physics so as to enhance knowledge and understanding of our physical world.
b. To acquaint students with the techniques of Applied Physics and provide a working
experience in technologically based industries and research institutions.
c. To offer specialized optional courses for those who may opt for academic career to be able
to specialize in Radiation and Health Physics, Geophysics, Space Physics, Energy and
Environment; Materials and Solid State Physics, Nuclear Physics, Communications Physics
and other Physics related disciplines.
6
1.3
Degree Awarded
The degree awarded is:
1.4
Bachelor of Technology, B. Tech. (Applied Physics)
Admission Requirements
1.4.1. UTME
Candidates seeking admission into the Applied Physics Programme must satisfy the
University admission requirements and in addition must have passed at credit level in
Physics, Mathematics, English Language and any two of Further Mathematics, Chemistry,
Technical Drawing or Biology/Geography at the Senior Secondary School Certificate
Examinations or at the GCE Ordinary Level.
1.4.2 Direct Entry
Candidates who have passed Physics and Mathematics at the GCE ‘A’ Level; or its
equivalent may be considered for direct admission into 200 Level in addition to the
admission requirements in 1.4.1.
1.5
UTME Subjects
The UTME subjects required to qualify for admission into the Applied Physics programme
include: English Language, Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry.
1.6
Requirements for the Award of the Degree
To be eligible for the award of the B. Tech. (Applied Physics) degree, a candidate must
satisfactorily complete the minimum number of units prescribed for the degree and must in
addition, complete successfully all the compulsory courses as well as option/restricted electives
and free electives as prescribed for the degree.
The distribution of the course units required to be completed is as follows:
(i)
General Studies including FAA and Use of Library
14 Units
(ii)
100 Level Courses
38 Units
(iii)
Computer Studies
4 Units
(iv)
Departmental Requirements
113 Units
(v)
Option Electives
12 Units
(vi)
Free Electives
6 Units
Total
197 Units
7
Thus in order to qualify for the award of the degree of B. Tech. Applied Physics of the Department
a student must have satisfactorily completed a total number of 197 Units of courses both within
and outside the Department.
1.7
Course Duration
The duration of the programme is five (5) years comprising ten (10) semesters for candidates
admitted through UTME and those admitted through the Ladoke Akintola Pre-Degree Science
programme; and four (4) years comprising eight (8) semesters for candidates admitted through
direct entry.
1.8
Evaluation of Student’s Performance
1.8.1 Examinations
Examinations are conducted in accordance with regulations approved from time to time by the
University Senate. To sit for any end of course examination, candidates must be duly registered for
the course, and attain 75% point attendance at the course lectures/laboratory, practical/tutorials.
Students who are absent from lecture/laboratories/tutorials must communicate their reason to their
course lecturers. Every course shall be examined during the academic semester during which it is
taken. End of course examination assessment will consist of one or more of the following:
(i) Written examination
– 70%
(ii) Continuous assessment
– 30%
Note that continuous assessment is compulsory for all courses taught.
1.8.2 Grading System
The following letters and grade points are attached to the examination scores
The minimum pass mark for each course is 40% with a grade of ‘E’
% SCORE LETTER GRADE GRADE POINT
70 - 100
A
5
60 - 69
B
4
50 - 59
C
3
45 - 49
D
2
44 - 44
E
1
0 - 39
F
0
1.8.3 Computation of Grade Point Average (GPA) and Cumulative Grade Point
Average (CGPA)
For each year of study, except in the first semester of the first year of study when only the GPA
will be used, the CGPA of a student shall be calculated. Any student whose CGPA is less than 1.0
8
in any one semester is placed on PROBATION and if at the end of two continuous semesters the
CGPA is still less than 1.0, the student shall be asked to withdraw from the programme.
The GPA is computed by dividing the total sum of the product of the grade point and the number
of units by the total load units as follows:
where GPi = grade point for course i
NUi = unit for course i
TCP = total credit point
TNU = total number of units for courses taken
The CGPA is computed for the total number of semesters as follows:
where M = total number of semesters
j = a particular semester
1.8.4 Classes of Degree
The classes of degree shall be awarded on the basis of the final CGPA as follows:
1.9
4.50-5.00
-
First Class Honours
3.50-4.49
-
Second Class Honours (Upper Division)
2.40-3.49
-
Second Class Honours (Lower Division)
1.50-2.39
-
Third Class Honours
1.00-1.49
-
Pass
Examination Regulations
1.9.1 Conduct of Students at Examinations
Students shall:
(i)
Use or consult, during an examination, only such books, papers notes instruments or
other materials or aids as are specifically permitted or provided by the Department
whose examination is being taken.
9
(ii)
Not introduce nor attempt to introduce any books, papers notes instrument or other
materials or aids into the examination room.
(iii)
Not pass or attempt to pass any information from one to another during an
examination.
1.9.2 Misconduct
Failure to observe any of the above rules shall Prima facie, constitute misconduct.
The sanctions for various examination offences committed by any student as approved by the
University Senate are as follows.
S/N
Examination Offence
1
Involvement in leakage of examination questions and/or
marking scheme:
Student involved
Staff involved
2
Illegal possession of answer script(s) by student:
Blank answer script
Scripts containing answers
3
Possession of unauthorized script filled with more than one
handwriting
Student involved
Staff involved
4
Possession of unauthorized scripts and illustration of any from
that aid examination malpractice
5
Impersonation (Mercenary) in writing examination
Student involved
Staff involved
6
Student involvement in assault on personnel involved in
invigilation
7
Assault on personnel involved in invigilation
Harassment and/or battering of personnel involved in
invigilation
8
Harassment of co-student for non-cooperation in examination
malpractice
Battering of co-student for non-cooperation in examination
malpractice
9
Falsification of identity such as names; matriculation number
etc. by a student
10
Giraffing
11
Exchanging of scripts or information during examination
12
Failure to submit examination answer script
10
Sanction
Expulsion
Dismissal
Suspension for two semesters
Expulsion
Expulsion
Dismissal
Suspension for four semesters
Expulsion
Dismissal
Expulsion/Dismissal of parties
involved
Suspension for four semesters
Expulsion
Suspension for two semesters
Expulsion
Suspension for four semesters
Suspension for two semesters
Suspension for four semesters
Suspension for two semesters
1.10
Physics Society
All registered students in the Department belong to the Physics Society, which is a branch of the
Nigerian Association of Physics Students (NAPS). The Physics Society in LAUTECH is actively
engaged in activities that promote the understanding of Physics and the physical environment as
well as generating interest in the study of Physics among secondary school students in the
immediate environment of the University.
1.11
Student Welfare, Guidance and Counseling
(a)
Students’ welfare
In addition to the Faculty forum, the Department organizes a Departmental Staff/students forum
periodically.
The Forum provides avenue for discussion, exchange of ideas and the opportunity for treating
students’ complaints; opportunity for disseminating official information, rules and regulations
especially those that relate directly to the welfare of students. Students are normally encouraged in
such forums to raise issues of significance. The policy is to be seen as part of the efforts of the
administration of the University to bridge communication gaps and to encourage the much needed
better understanding between the University and its students.
(b)
Level Advisor
Each Level has a Lecturer in charge of registration, computation of results and with the Head of the
Department to advice, guide and counsel students especially concerning their academic
performance.
(c)
Health Matters
For all health matters students visit the University Health Centre situated on the campus. Note that
only the certificate from the Director of Health Services is acceptable to back up absence from
lectures, examinations etc. If you happen to be treated outside the University Clinic, you should
submit your papers to the University Health Centre for authentication.
(d)
Sources of Information
The University provides information to students through notice boards and the University website,
announcements by staff at lecture halls and laboratories. Students should make use of the notice
boards regularly. For further clarification or any other information consult your course lecturers,
level advisor or the Head of the Department.
11
2.0
OUTLINE OF THE PROGRAMME CURRICULUM
(a) CODING OF COURSES
Presented below are the courses offered in the Department.
The availability of some of the courses listed under elective depends on the staffing situation in the
Department. The courses are coded with the letters PHY followed by a three-digit code which
indicate level of study as well as semester in which the course is being offered.
(b) 100 LEVEL
HARMATTAN SEMESTER
Course Code
PHY 101
PHY 103
CHM 101
CHM 191
BIO 101
BIO 103
MTH 101
GNS 101
FAA 101
LIB 101
Course Title
Pre-requisite
Units
General Physics I
Experimental Physics IA
General Chemistry I
Experimental Chemistry I
General Biology I
Experimental Biology I
Elementary Mathematics I
Use of English I
Fundamental Drawing
Use of Library
Total No of Units
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
4
1
4
1
3
1
5
2
2
0
23
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
3
1
0
0
0
3
3
1
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
3
4
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
3
1
0
0
RAIN SEMESTER
Course Code
PHY 102
PHY 104
CHM 102
CHM 192
BIO 102
BIO 104
MTH 102
GNS 102
GNS 104
CSE 100
Course Title
Pre-requisite Units
General Physics II
Experimental Physics IB
General Chemistry II
Experimental Chemistry II
General Biology II
Experimental Biology II
Elementary Mathematics II
Use of English II
Science and Technology in Africa
Introduction to Computer Technology
Total No of Units
12
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
NiI
NiI
4
1
4
1
3
1
5
2
2
1
24
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
3
1
0
0
0
3
3
1
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
3
4
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
(c) 200 LEVEL
HARMATTAN SEMESTER
Course Code
Course Title
Pre-requisite
PHY 201
PHY 203
PHY 205
PHY 207
MTH201
STAS 207
CSE 201
MEE 203
GNS 209
Fundamental Mechanics
Heat and Thermodynamics
Vibrations and Waves
Experimental Physics IIA
Mathematical Methods I
Statistics
Basic Computer Programming
Workshop Technology I
Elements of Administration
Total No of Units
PHY 101
PHY101, MTH 102
PHY 102
PHY104, PHY103
MTH 102
MTH 102
CSE 100
Nil
Nil
Units
2
3
2
1
3
4
3
2
2
22
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
1
1
0
2
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
2
1
3
1
1
3
1
0
3
1
1
0
RAIN SEMESTER
Course Code
PHY 202
PHY 204
PHY 208
MTH 202
MTH 208
MTH 212
MEE 204
MEE 208
MEE 210
GNS 202
Course Title
Pre-requisite Units
Fundamental Mechanics
Electrical Circuits and Basic
Electronics
Experimental Physics IIB
Elementary Differential Equations
Introduction to Numerical Analysis
Mathematical Methods II
Workshop Technology II
Engineering Materials
Engineering Materials Laboratory
Logic, Philosophy and Science
Total No of Units
13
PHY 101
PHY102
3
3
PHY 207
MTH 102
MTH 102
MTH 201
MEE 203
Nil
Nil
Nil
1
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
21
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
0
1
2
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
0
3
0
3
0
(d)
300 Level
HARMATTAN SEMESTER
Course Code
Course Title
PHY 301
Analytical Mechanics I
PHY 303
Electromagnetic Fields
PHY 305
Quantum Physics
PHY 307
PHY 309
PHY 311
MTH305
GNS 207
Experimental Physics IIIA
Energy and Environment
Optics
Vector and Tensor Analysis
Science in History: A Bio
Historical Approach
Total No of Units
Pre-requisite
Units
PHY201, MTH201,
MTH202
PHY 202, 204, MTH
212
PHY 201, 202,
MTH202
PHY208
Nil
PHY 205, PHY 102
MTH 208
Nil
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
3
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
2
1
3
3
2
0
1
2
2
1
0
0
1
1
1
6
0
0
0
0
20
RAIN SEMESTER
Course Code
Course Title
PHY 302
Analytical Mechanics II
PHY 304
Electromagnetic Waves
PHY 306
PHY308
PHY 312
PHY 314
MTH 308
Statistical and Thermal Physics
Experimental Physics IIIB
Solid State Physics
Linear Electronics
Complex Analysis
Total No of Units
Pre-requisite
PHY 301,
MTH201,
PHY202
PHY303,
MTH212
PHY 203
PHY 307
PHY 202
PHY 204
MTH 305
14
Units
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
3
3
3
20
2
0
2
2
2
1
0
1
1
1
0
6
0
0
0
(e)
400 Level
HARMATTAN SEMESTER
Course Code
PHY 401
PHY 403
PHY 405
PHY 407
PHY 409
PHY 411
Course Title
Quantum Mechanics
Mathematical Methods in
Physics
Digital Electronics
Computational Physics
Material Physics
Research Methods
Total No of Units
Pre-requisite
Units
PHY 305
MTH 201,212
3
3
PHY 314
CSE 201
PYH 312
STA 207
3
3
3
1
16
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
RAIN SEMESTER
PHY 497
Student Industrial Work Experience
4 Credit Units
An Industrial training of 6 months is planned to provide practical experience in the applications of
Physics in a working environment. Assessment is partly by job performance and partly through the
report written by the student. A testimonial of proficiency in Applied Physics is to be awarded to
successful candidates.
15
(f)
500 Level
HARMATTAN SEMESTER
Course Code
Course Title
PHY 501
PHY 503
Electronic Instrumentation
Laser Physics and its
applications
PHY 509
Supervised Independent Project
Option Electives
Free Electives
Total No of Units
Pre-requisite
Units
PHY 314
PHY 311
3
3
PHY 410
3
6
3
18
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
0
3
0
3
0
RAIN SEMESTER
Course Code
Course Title
Pre-requisite
PHY 502
Nuclear Analytical Techniques
PHY 504
Electronic Communications
PHY 510
Supervised Independent Project
Option Electives
Free Electives
Total No of Units
PHY 202
PHY 405
PHY 509
Units
3
3
3
6
3
18
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
0
3
0
ELECTIVES
(A)
OPTION (RESTRICTED ELECTIVES)
Students will be required to offer at least 12 Units of courses selected for one option or a
combination of the options listed in the following sections.
(i) ENERGY PHYSICS OPTION
Course Code
PHY 511
PHY 512
PHY 513
PHY 514
PHY 515
Course Title
Units
Fundamentals of Solar Energy
Applications of Solar Energy
Energy Conservation and
Management
Solar Energy Laboratory
Resource Estimation, Energy
Analysis and Policy
16
3
3
3
3
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
2
1
1
0
0
(ii) MATERIALS PHYSICS OPTION
Course Code
PHY 521
PHY 522
PHY 523
PHY 524
PHY 525
PHY 526
Course Title
Units
Mechanical Behaviour of Solids
Electrical, Optical and
Magnetic Properties of
Materials
Imperfection in Crystalline
Solids
Metallographic Techniques
Iron and Steel
Polymer Sciences
3
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
(iii) NUCLEAR PHYSICS OPTION
Course Code
PHY 531
PHY 532
PHY 533
PHY 534
PHY 535
PHY 536
Course Title
Units
Nuclear Engineering Physics I
Nuclear Engineering Physics II
Nuclear Instrumentation
Laboratory
High Energy Physics
Industrial Uses of Radiation
Radiation and Environment
3
3
3
3
3
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
(iv) RADIATION AND HEALTH PHYSICS OPTION
Course Code
PHY 541
PHY 542
PHY 543
PHY 544
PHY 545
PHY 546
Course Title
Units
Biophysics
Transport and Interaction of
Charged Particles with Matter
Radiological Physics
Biological effects of Radiation
Nuclear Medicine
Radiation Protection and Safety
3
3
17
3
3
3
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
(B)
FREE ELECTIVES
Students are free to choose six units of the free electives from the following courses as well
as from any other courses in the University in consultation with the level advisor.
Course Code
PHY 507
PHY 508
PHY 551
PHY 552
PHY 561
PHY 564
EEE 305
EEE 306
EEE 535
EEE 536
Course Title
Units
Physics of Semiconductor Devices
Control Systems
Physics of the Solid Earth
Introduction to Applied Geophysics
Relativity
Astrophysics and Astronomy
Electronic Engineering I
Electronic Engineering II
Microelectronics Technologies
Electronic Devices, Design and
Fabrication.
18
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Contact Hours/Week
L
T
P
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
DESCRIPTION OF COURSES
PHY 101: GENERAL PHYSICS 1 (3-1-0) 4 Units
Kinetics: Space and time frames of reference. Basic physical measurements and units. Scalar and
Vector quantities. Speed, Velocity and acceleration. Uniformly accelerated motion and free fall
Dynamics: Concept of force, mass and weight. Newton’s laws of motion: applications to
problems. Impulse and linear momentum: conservation of linear momentum: Circular motion,
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM). Planetary motion an Newton’s law of gravitation.
Work and Energy: Definitions of work and energy, potential and kinetic energy; power,
conservation of energy
Statics: Conditions of equilibrium, coplanar forces, centre of mass, types of equilibrium.
Rigid Bodies: Rotational Inertia, Newton’s Law for angular motion, work, power and energy
Properties of Matter: Mechanical properties of matter including elasticity, and surface tension.
Fluids at rest, pressure, Archimedes principle, flotation. Hydromerters, fluids in motion-streamline
flow. Bernoulli’s equation and its applications. Viscosity Stoke’s law, Poisseuille’s formula,
Turbulent motion.
Heat: Temperature – Measurement and scales: thermal expansion, quantity of heat, phase changes,
transfer of heat. Law of thermodynamics and applications.
Pre-Requisite: O’Level Mathematics and O’Level Physics, SS Certificate in Physic and
Mathematics. (This is a non-calculus intensive course suitable as a terminal course or as part of a
sequence with higher level physics courses for science and technology).
PHY 102: GENERAL PHYSICS II (3-1-0) 4 Units
Oscillations and Waves: Simple Harmonic motion; damped and forced oscillations. Wave
motion; stationary waves. Principles of superposition. Doppler effect.
Optics: Basic characteristics of light; spectra. Reflection and refraction of light at plane and
spherical surfaces. Prism and thin lenses. Dispersion and spectrometer, Optical instruments. Wave
properties of light.
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Electromagnetism: Electric charges; electrostatic forces. Field and potential. Coulomb’s and
Guass’s law. Capacitance: dielectric materials, current and resistance, direct current measurements
and circuits. The magnetic field; laws of magnetism, electromagnetism; inductance. Alternating
current circuit, transients. Electromagnetic waves, magnetic properties of matter
Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Electronics: Atomic theory: radioactivity Nucleus; X-rays;
photoelectric effect. Basic concepts in physical electronics. Solid state diodes; transistor.
Pre-Requisite: O’Level Mathematics and O’Level Physics, or SS Certificate in Physic and
Mathematics. (This is a non-calculus follow-up course for PHY 101, It is suitable as terminal
course and as a basic physics course for science and technology).
PHY 103: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 1A (0-0-3) 1 Unit
An introductory course in experimentation. Students are assigned selected experiments which
emphasize general principles of experimentation planning, use of instruments, error estimation,
data analysis presentation and report writing.
Pre-Requisite or Co-Requisite: PHY 101
PHY 104: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 1B (0-0-3) 1 Unit
This course provides further background in experimentation. Selected experiments in heat, light
and electricity are assigned.
Pre-Requisites or Co-Requisites: PHY 102, 103
PHY 201: FUNDAMENTAL MECHANICS (1-1-0) 2 Units
Vectors: Product of vectors, derivative of a vector, integral of vectors, scalar and resisted motion.
Motion of a particle in a plane, projectiles: circular and cyclonal motion, central orbits. Simple
harmonic motion, forced oscillations; coupled oscillators, mechanics of systems of particles, plane
motion or rigid bodies, motion of rigid lamina in its plane, impulse motion of rigid body.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 101
PHY 202: MODERN PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
The origin of quantum theory, Black body radiation, wave nature of matter, De Broglie’s
hypotheses, electron diffraction, wave-particle duality. Atomic structure. Bohr’s theory. Quantum
states. Correspondence principle, Electron spin. Space quantization. Molecular structure, spectra,
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X-rays; properties, spectra, diffraction. Nuclear structure, composition of nuclei, nuclear masses
and abundance, Radioactivity; alpha, beta and gamma decays. Nuclear reactions. Nuclear fission
and fusion. Nuclear energy, nuclear forces. Accelerators and nuclear radiation, Elementary
particles.
Pre-Requisite or Co-Requisite: PHY 102
PHY 203: HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Basic concepts of thermodynamics, Heat, temperature and pressure. Equation of state. The first law
of thermodynamics; work and internal energy, heat and internal energy, heat capacities. Isothermal
and adiabatic processes. The second law of thermodynamics, implication, Carnot cycle,
thermodynamic temperature scale. Entropy; reversible and irreversible processes. The third law
and simple Elementary kinetic theory of gas Maxwell’s distribution of velocities and discussion of
its application.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 101, MTH 102
PHY 204: ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND BASIC ELECTRONICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Elements of DC and AC circuits; resistance, capacitance, inductance, steady state and transient
responses. Source of emf: Current, Kirchhoff’s laws, network analysis and circuits theorems.
Vector and complex number representation of sinusoidal quantities. C-R-L-R and L-C- circuits;
Resonance. AC network analysis: Semiconductors: p-n junctions Diodes and applications, Zener
Diode. Half-Wave and Full-wave Rectifiers. Clipper and Clamper, Transistors, Amplifiers.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 102
PHY 205: VIBRATIONS AND WAVES (1-1-0) 2 Units
One dimensional wave equation, energy in wave motion, transverse wave, wave in a string,
pressure waves, longitudinal waves. Normal modes of oscillation, free and forced oscillation of
systems with many degrees of freedom, dispersion relations, resonance. Traveling waves,
reflection, impedance, modulation, pulses, wave packets, polarization, interference and Diffraction.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 102
PHY 207: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 11A (0-0-3) 1 Unit
Selected experiments in Mechanics. Wave and Optics, Electromagnetism and Atomic Physics
Pre-Requisites: PHY 103, 104
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PHY 208: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 11B (0-0-3) 1 Unit
Selected Experiments in Mechanics, Waves and Optics. Electromagnetism and Atomic Physics not
completed in PHY 207
Pre-Requisite: PHY 207
PHY 301: ANALYTICAL MECHANICS I (2-1-0) 3 Units
Newtonian Mechanics, Motion of a particle in one, two and three dimensions, system of particles
and collision theory; Newtonian gravitation; conservative forces and potentials, oscillations, central
force problems, accelerated frames of references, rigid body dynamics, generalized motion
mechanics of continuous media including fluids.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 201, MTH 201, 202
PHY 302: ANALYTICAL MECHANICS II (2-1-0) 3 Units
Degree of freedom: Generalized Coordinates Langrange’s formulation of mechanical applications.
The calculus of variations and the action principle. Hamiltonian’ formulation of mechanics:
Application Invariance and conservation laws. Oscillatory systems including damped, forced and
coupled oscillations: Normal modes, Special relativity, The Galilean transformation, MichelsonMorley experiments, Postulates of relativity; Einstein’s postulates, Proper and improper time,
length, velocity, acceleration, four vectors, Lorentz transformation. Energy and momentum electric
and magnetic fields.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 301, MTH 201, 202
PHY 303: ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Electrostatics, Gauss’s law and applications. Laplace’s equation. Boundary value problems.
Multiple expansions, Magneto statics, field and matter. Dielectric and magnetic energy. Timevarying, fields, Faraday’s law. Maxwell’s equations.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 204, MTH 212
PHY 304: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES (2-1-0) 3 Units
Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic potentials. The wave equation. Propagation of plane
waves. Reflection and refraction. Transmission lines of electromagnetic waves, antenna systems.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 303, MTH 212
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PHY 305: QUANTUM PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Wave particle duality and the uncertainty principle. Basic principles of the quantum theory.
Solutions of Schrodinger’s equation, energy levels in potential wells, reflection and transmission of
potential barriers; formulation of quantum mechanics in terms of state vector and linear operators,
linear vector space, eigenvalues and eigen-functions, spherically symmetric potentials in three
dimensions, complete set of operators. Hermitian operator. Equation of motion, Angular
momentum and spin, Matrices formulation of quantum mechanics, Schrodinger theory and
applications to barriers and bound state problems. Wave packets and uncertainty principle WKB
method, Multielectron atoms.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 202, MTH 202
PHY 306:
STATISTICAL AND THERMAL PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Characteristics of macroscopic systems, basic probability option. Basic concepts of statistical
mechanics, entropy, absolute temperature, and the laws of thermodynamics. Microscopic basics of
thermodynamics and applications to macroscopic systems. Condensed state, ehat transformations,
quantum distributions, Elementary kinetic theory of transport processes. Fluctuation phenomena,
Applications.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 203
PHY 307: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS IIIA (0-0-6) 2 Units
Experiments are set up in the areas of atomic and nuclear physics, solid state, optics,
electromagnetism and electronics. The assignments include statistical analysis of scientific data
and report writing.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 208
PHY 308: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS IIIB (0-0-6) 2 Units
This is a continuation of experiments not covered in PHY 307
Pre-Requisite: PHY 307
PHY 309 ENERGY AND ENVIRONEMTN (1-0-0) 1 Unit
This is a course intended to provide an appraisal of the present and new energy sources; their uses
and environmental problems associated with them. Topics covered include: The thermodynamics
of energy conversion; electrical energy from fossil fuels. Hydro electrical generations. Physic of
new energy sources; solar hydrocarbon, geothermal and nuclear. Cost, capacity, storage and
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reserves of the various energy sources. By-products in terms of environment; thermal and
hydrocarbon pollution, radioactivity, electromagnetic noise. Future energy programme.
PHY 311 OPTICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Geometrical optics, Fermat’s principle and applications. Matrix methods in geometrical optics.
Thick lens and optical systems. Interference, two-beam interference, interferometers: theory and
uses. Diffraction: Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, diffraction gratings. Limits of resolution of
optical instruments. Polarization; production and detection. Propagation of light in anisotropic
media. Optical activity. Electro-optic effects. Introduction to non-linear optics.
Pre-Requisites: PHY 102, PHY 205
PHY 312: SOLID STATE PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3Units
Introduction to basic features of solid state physics including crystal lattices, their structure and
description, propagation of waves in periodic structures, including X-rays and Newton diffraction,
Properties of metals, semi-conductors and insulators. Some features of the magnetic behavior of
metals, Superconductivity
Pre-Requisite: PHY 202
PHY 314: LIENAR ELECTRONICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Field Effect Transistors (FET), Bipolar junctions transistors (BJT), their characteristics and
parameters. Basic transistor circuits such as Amplifiers, Feedback in amplifiers and oscillators,
Multi-vibrators, simple regulator circuits, series regulator and passive Filters; Design and
fabrication of relevant circuits and devices.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 204
PHY 401: QUANTUM MECHANICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Bound state perturbation theory. Time independent perturbation, scattering theory, elastic potential
scattering, Green functions and partial wave methods. Applications to one electron atoms, spinorbit interaction. Zeeman and Stark effects. Time dependent perturbation theory and applications.
Identical particles, symmetric wave functions. Pauli exclusion principle. The helium atom.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 305
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PHY 403: MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Special functions of Mathematical Physics: The gamma function hypergoemetric function.
Legendre functions. Bassel function, Hermit ad Languerre function. Dirac delta function. Integral
transforms and Fourier series. Fourier transform, Laplace transform. Applications of transform
methods to the solution of elementary differential equations by various methods, which include
separation of variables, method of integral transforms. Stum-Liouville theory. Uniqueness of
solution. Applications to various physical problems in electromagnetic theory, quantum theory,
waves and diffusion phenomena
Pre-Requisites: MTH 201, MTH 212
PHY 405: DIGITAL ELECTRONICS (2-1-0) 3Units
Digital electronics: Logic function and states, Boolean algebra Logic circuits and design,
Integrated circuit families. ECL, TTL, CMOS, Multivibrators, Blocking oscillators. Sampling gates
counting and timing- D.A and A/D converters, Multiplexers, demultiplexers, coders and decoders.
Data transmission and recording. Introduction to microprocessors and introduction to computing
systems
Pre-Requisite: PHY 314
PHY 407: COMPUTATIONAL PHYSCS (2-1-0) 3Units
A general overview of Modeling and Simulation. Development of object oriented software and
adaptation to solving physical problems. Digital Analog, data and real time control of some
physical procedures
Pre-Requisite: CSE 201
PHY 409: MATERIALS PHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Metals, polymers and ceramics and their properties. Atomics structure bonding and theoretical
strengths. Imperfections and their effect on crystal properties. Radiation damage, strengthening
mechanisms. Phase transformations, elements of properties of dense liquid. The electron
microscope and its application in material physics. Polymeric materials. Molecular structure,
structure of ceramics. Electrical materials, principle of oxidation. Corrosion materials for nuclear
energy. Solar cells, photovoltaic systems. Existing photovoltaic systems applications.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 312
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PHY 411: RESEARCH METHODS (1-0-0) 1 Unit
Method of literature search, scientific report writing and referencing. Electronic data acquisition
and Analysis
Pre-Requisite: STA 207
PHY 501: ELECTRONICS INSTRUMENTATION (2-1-0) 3 Units
Fabrications and properties of semiconductor devices, Electro-optical devices transducers, Silicon,
Transducers, ultrasonic transducers, digital transducers, conditioning and conversion. Large scale
integration. Servo mechanism and control
Pre-Requisite: PHY 314
PHY 502: NUCLEARANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES (2-1-0) 3 Units
X-ray Fluorescent Techniques (XRF): Energy Dispersive XRF (EDXRF), Wavelength dispersive
XRF. Total Internal Reflection XRF (TXRF). Applications to elemental analysis of solids, liquids
and powder samples. Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Particle Induce γ-ray emission
(PIGE). Nuclear well logging, Gamma ray well logging. Neutron well logging. Applications in
hydrology and oil industries. Computed tomography. Neutron tomography. Nuclear activation
Analysis, Fast Neutron Activation Analysis (FNAA). Thermal neutron activation analysis, Charged
particle activation analysis. Gamma ray spectrometry, Low level counting. Application to
radioactivity levels of samples like soil, foodstuff and water.
PHY 503: LASER PHYSICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS (2-1-0) 3Units
General principles of a laser and its characteristics (frequency) intensity, line width, polarization.
Gas lasers, atomic and molecular main types and their properties. Dye lasers. Semi-conductor laser,
description and properties. Applications of lasers in medicine surface treatment of materials,
telecommunications, atmospheric physics, pollution and in research, Laser and holography
techniques. Non-linear optics. The course will include opto-electornic laboratory work especially
on how to control light emission and transmission optical fibre and applications.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 311
PHY 504: ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATINS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Elements of a communication system: Modulation, spectra of modulated signals, methods of
demodulation. Analogue system, noise and its mathematical representation, its effects, encoding a
signal, Shanon’s theorems Optical communication, Physics of microwaves, microwave detector.
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Microwave radio telecommunication applications. Course includes laboratory demonstration on
analysis of noise.
Pre-Requisite: PHY 405
PHY 507: ELECTRO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION (2-1-0) 3 Units
The compound Microscope: Some common terms Magnification, Numerical Aperture and
Resolving power. The substage condenser. Objectives, method of illumination, Phase contrast
Microscopy, Reflection Microscopy. Dark field Transmission Microscopy, Interference
Microscopy. The polarizing microscope, The transmission electron microscope electron waves,
electron scattering, design parameter, electron lenses. Electron gun, resolving power condenser
system. Electromagnetic stigmator, image viewing and recording. The vacuum systems, direct
imaging (bright field). Dark field imaging specimen Chamber, Selected Area. Election Diffraction.
Preparation of samples. Scanning Electron Microscope General principle, image recording.
Detectors Field Emission Electron Gun. Advantages of the SEM. The X-ray Microscope Analyzer.
Analysis of Emitted X-ray Microduanalyser.
PHY 509/510: SUPERVISED INDEPENDENT PROJECT (0-6-0) 6 Units
Project will be on applications of physics in industries or other areas of science and technology.
Each student shall write a project thesis orally before a departmental Examining Panel
PHY 511: FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLAR ENERGY (2 – 1 – 0) 3 UNITS
Renewable and Non-renewable energy sources, Black body radiators, Solar radiation, basic fluid
mechanics and heat transfer, solar collections and conversion systems, solar coding, heating and
electricity. Economics of solar energy. Future solar energy programmes.
PHY 522: ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
(2-1-0) 3 Units
Electrons in solids, band theory, superconductivity, types of superconductors, origin of magnetism,
Bohr magneton, types of magnetism, dia-para-ferro-antiferro-and ferri-magnetism. Soft and hard
magnetic materials. Absorption of light by solids. Permittivity and dielectric constants of materials.
Factors that influence dielectric properties of materials.
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PHY 531: NUCLEAR ENGINEERING I (2-1-0) 3 Units
Elements of Nuclear and Atomic Physics, fundamental particles, atomic and nuclear structure,
atomic and molecular weight, atomic and nuclear radii, mass and energy, particle wavelength,
excited states, nuclear stability. Radioactivity calculation, nuclear reactions, binding energy. Gass
liquids and solids. Interaction of radiation with matter, Ionizing radiation-μ and β particles. Nonionizing radiation, neutron diffusion and moderation. Neutron flux, Ficks law, diffusion equation.
Solutions to diffusion equation for various type of sources and geometry. Multi group diffusion
method. Two group diffusion Calculation. Reactor Theory. One-group reactor equation, bare
reactor of various geometries (slab, cylinder, sphere). One group critical calculation for fast
reactor. Critical calculations for thermal reactor.
PHY 532: NUCLEAR ENGINEERING II (2-1-0) 3Units
Time dependent Reactor prompt neutron lifetime, reactions without delayed neutron, reactors with
delayed neutron, reactors with delayed neutrons. Prompt jump (drop) prompt critical state. Control
nods chemical shim; Central control nods, cruciform rods, partially inserted nods. Chemical shim
Temperature effect on reactivity, temperature coefficient, voids coefficient. Fusion product
poisoning, xenon-135, Samarium -140, Fuel management. Heat removal from nuclear reactions,
general thermodynamic considerations. Heat generator in the reactor, Introduction to two-phase
flow.
PHY 541: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY (2-1-0)
3 Units
Molecular Basis of Life: Cellular basis of biological organism including cell structure and function,
Physico-chemical properties of cell membrane, transfer processes and Bioelectric Activities. The
blood a circulatory system, gas exchange and transport. The kidney and homeostasis, digestion and
absorption of food including nutrition. Hormones, Nervous Systems, communication and sense
organs. The components of human environment.
PHY 544: BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION (2-1-0) 3 Units
Types and properties of nuclear radiations. Interactions of radiations with matter and the effects of
energy absorbed from nuclear radiation on simple and complex chemical systems. Various
organisms and living tissue. Theories of action of radiations on living matter and considerations of
various factors which affect biological response such as time of radiation. Theory and pro-active of
radiation dosimetry with special application to practical problems.
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PHY 546: RADIATION PROTECTION AND SAFETY (2-1-0) 3 Units
The radiological enjoinment. Radiation dosimetry: Units and Associated concepts. Dosimetry in
radiation protection. External radiation hazards and protection. Internal radiation hazards and
protection Basic radiation safety criteria. Discussion of biological and physical basis for safety
standards.
PHY 551: PHYSICS OF THE SOLID EARTH (2-1-0) 3 Units
The origin of the solar system. The planet earth Composition, Composition and evolution of the
upper mantle and density. Seismology, Seismicity of the Earth, Velocity distribution in the Earth,
Heat flow: Thermal history of the Earth. The figure of the earth. Geomagnetism: The main field.
Time varying magnetic field. Tectonics: Plate tectonics. Continental drill. The sea floor. Special
Topics: Geomagnetic Induction Magnetic sphere.
PHY 552: INTRODUCTORY APPLIED GEOPHYSICS (2-1-0) 3 Units
Seismic Methods: Reflections and Refraction seismology, treatment of seismic date. Gravity
method: Instrumentation and techniques of measurement. Data reduction, Potential field theory and
method of computing gravity anomalies. Magnetic method. Electrical method, Resistivity methods,
techniques and data interpretation, Electromagnet, Theory, measurement and interpretation.
CARRIER OPPORTUNITIES FOR B. Tech. APPLIED PHYSICS GRADUATES
Below is a list (which is not exhaustive) of places where B. Tech. Applied Physics graduates can
be gainfully employed.
1.
Research Institutes (All fields of Physics)
2.
Teaching at Tertiary Institutions as Lecturers (All fields of Physics)
3.
Materials/Solid State Scientists (Solid State Physics/Materials Physics)
4.
Solar Energy Providers (Solid State Physics/Energy Physics)
5.
Telecommunication/Communication outfits. (Communication Physics)
6.
Exploration Physicists (Geophysics)
7.
Nuclear Scientists (Nuclear Physics)
8.
Health Physicists in Hospitals and nuclear industries (Radiation and Health Physics)
9.
Aviation Industry (Meteorology)
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