Physiology Study Guide 18: CV & BP
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Steven A. Fink; Instructor
PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE 18:
CV PHYSIOLOGY & BLOOD PRESSURE
True/False
On your SCAN-TRON, fill in bubble (a) for True & (b) for False.
____ 1. An increase in the Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR), with a constant Cardiac
Output (CO), would cause an increase in the mean arterial (MAP).
[see p. 215]
____ 2. Vasoconstriction of arterioles increases the Total Peripheral (Vascular)
Resistance (TPR). [see p. 218]
____ 3. The greatest drop in Blood Pressure occurs within the veins of the body.
[see p. 226]
____ 4. Blood Pressure increases as the blood flows away from the Heart.
[see p. 226]
____ 5. Downstream from the arteries, there is no measurable Pulse Pressure, only a
continuous mean (average) blood pressure. [see p. 226]
____ 6. The mean arterial BP (MAP) in the Pulmonary Circuit is less than in the
Systemic Circuit because the Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR) in the
Pulmonary Circuit is less. [see p. 226]
____ 7. Blood pressure in the capillaries of the body is a constant pressure that does
not show systolic highs & diastolic lows. [see p. 226]
____ 8. Venoconstriction increases Venous Return (VR). [see p. 254]
____ 9. Venoconstriction increases Stroke Volume (SV). [see p. 254]
____10. Decreased End Diastolic Volume (EDV) increases Cardiac Output. (CO).
[see p. 260]
____11. Increased Stroke Volume (SV) increases Cardiac Output (CO). [see p. 260]
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Physiology Study Guide 18: CV & BP
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Multiple Choice
Fill-in the bubbles on your SCAN-TRON that exactly match the letter
combination that appears just in front of the choice.
____12. The 2 major factors that affect the mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) are:
[see pp. 215 & 255]
(a) Total Peripheral (Vascular) Resistance & Stroke Volume
(b) Cardiac Output & Total Peripheral (Vascular) Resistance
(c) Heart Rate & Stroke Volume
(d) End Diastolic Volume & End Systolic Volume
(e) Systolic Blood Pressure & Stroke Volume
(ab) Cardiac Output & Total Blood Volume
(ac) Heart Rate & Total Peripheral Resistance
(ad) Venous Return & Heart Rate
____13. The major resistance vessels of the body are: [see p. 218]
(a) large arteries
(b) arterioles
(c) capillaries
(d) lymphatics
(e) veins
____14. The arterioles main function is to: [see p. 218]
(a) distribute the Cardiac Output to the tissues of the body
(b) serve as a pressure reservoir
(c) serve as a blood reservoir
(d) act as the site of gas exchange between the tissue fluid & the
bloodstream
(e) convert the intermittent flow of blood from the heart into a steady outflow
____15. The major physiological factor that normally affects the Total Peripheral
(Vascular) Resistance is the: [see pp. 218 & 255]
(a) Heart Rate (HR)
(b) End Systolic Volume (ESV)
(c) Cardiac Output (CO)
(d) overall degree of arteriolar vasoconstriction
(e) Hematocrit (Hct)
(ab) plasma [protein]
(ac) Central Venous Pressure (CVP)
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Physiology Study Guide 18: CV & BP
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____16. When the blood vessels to the Kidneys constrict, blood flow to the Kidneys:
[see p. 218]
(a) decreases
(b) remains the same
(c) increases
(d) impossible to predict
____17. The major factor that affects the Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) is the:
[see p. 221]
(a) Stroke Volume
(b) Hematocrit
(c) Colloid Osmotic Pressure
(d) Total Blood Volume
(e) Total Peripheral (Vascular) Resistance (TPR)
____18. As the blood moves farther away from the Heart, the Blood Pressure:
[see p. 226]
(a) decreases
(b) remains the same
(c) increases
(d) impossible to predict
____19. There are no systolic highs or diastolic lows downstream from the ______
in the systemic circuit. [see p. 226]
(a) Aorta
(b) large arteries
(c) arterioles
(d) capillaries
(e) venules
(ab) vena cavae
____20. The average Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) in the systemic capillaries is:
[see p. 226]
(a) 120
(b) 90
(c) 76
(d) 55
(e) 26
(ab) 15
(ac) 5
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Physiology Study Guide 18: CV & BP
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____21. The normal Blood Pressure in the systemic arteries is about _____ mm Hg.
[see p. 226]
(a) 150/120
(b) 120/80
(c) 100/75
(d) 35/15
(e) 25/10
____22. The baroreceptors are located in the: [see p. 253]
(a) carotid arteries
(b) spinal cord
(c) hypothalamus
(d) medulla oblongata
(e) SA Node
(ab) Inferior Vena Cava
____23. The Baroreceptor Reflex is triggered [activated] by a change in the:
[see p. 254]
(a) Heart Rate (HR)
(b) Total Peripheral (Vascular) Resistance (TPR)
(c) mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP)
(d) Cardiac Output (CO)
(e) Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
____24. The Baroreceptor Reflex activates sympathetic motorneurons
in response to a: [see p. 254]
(a)  Heart Rate
(b)  Heart Rate
(c)  arterial Blood Pressure
(d)  arterial Blood Pressure
(e)  Hematocrit
(ab)  Hematocrit
(ac)  Cardiac Output
(ad)  Cardiac Output
____25. Which one of the following does NOT occur to compensate for a  mean
Arterial Blood Pressure? [see p. 254]
(a)  Cardiac Output (CO)
(b) arteriolar vasodilation
(c)  Heart Rate (HR)
(d) venoconstriciton
(e)  Stroke Volume (SV)
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____26. The Baroreceptor Reflex activates autonomic motorneurons to the:
[see pp. 254 & 255]
(a) Heart
(b) large arteries
(c) arterioles
(d) capillaries
(e) veins
(ab) large arteries & veins
(ac) arterioles & veins
(ad) arterioles, capillaries & veins
(ae) Heart, large arteries & capillaries
(bc) Heart, large arteries & veins
(bd) Heart, arterioles & veins
____27. Which statement regarding sympathetic effects on Blood Pressure is NOT
correct? [see p. 254]
(a) arteriolar vasoconstriction   TPR
(b)  EDV   Cardiac Output
(c)  Stroke Volume   Cardiac Output
(d) venoconstriction   Venous Return
(e) venoconstriction   Stroke Volume
____28. Which one of the following does NOT increase the Cardiac Output?
[see p. 254]
(a) venoconstriction
(b)  Heart Rate
(c)  myocardial contractility
(d) arteriolar vasoconstriction
(e)  Venous Return
____29. The major pathological factor that affects Total Peripheral (Vascular)
Resistance is the: [see p. 255]
(a) Heart Rate (HR)
(b) End Systolic Volume (ESV)
(c) Total Blood Volume (TBV)
(d) overall degree of arteriolar vasoconstriction
(e) Hematocrit (Hct)
(ab) atherosclerotic plaque (stenosis)
(ac) myocardial contractility
continued on back-side 
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____30. The clinical term for fainting is: [see p. 260]
(a) palpation
(b) apnea
(c) synergy
(d) syncope
(e) auscultation
(ab) convulsion
(ac) apotosis
____31. Whenever the arterial Blood Pressure starts to decrease, cerebral Blood
Flow:
[see p. 260]
(a) decreases
(b) remains the same
(c) increases
(d) impossible to predict
____32. After a person faints, Venous Return (VR) to the Heart: [see p. 260]
(a) decreases
(b) remains the same
(c) increases
(d) impossible to predict
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