Name key
1.
Transcription, &Translation / Protein Synthesis Quiz Study guide (Quiz on Friday!!!)
Complete the chart by defining each of the following, and identify the purpose for each:
CELL DNA PROCESS
Definition
Purpose
DNA
Code of life
1. Pass genes from parent to
offspring
2.
Replication
DNA making a copy of itself
Transcription
DNA making RNA
(carry codes to) Make proteins
(which make new cells)
Pass on an exact copy of dna to new
cells
To make RNA, so that RNA can make
proteins, and proteins make new cells
Translation
RNA making amino acids, which make
proteins, therefore translation is
translating rna into amino acids
To “decode” or read DNA ( RNA )
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is a codon?_3 nitogen bases grouped together; each codon represents one amino acid
Each codon is composed of 3 nitrogen bases. When translated, each codon represents one see above_____ ___________.
What do we call an entire chain of amino acids?___poly peptide chain
Write the complementary strand of the following DNA sequence:
AGG-TCA-GCT-ACG-GGC-AAA-GUA (should have been GTA)
TCC-AGT-CGA-TGC-CCG-TTT-CAT
6.
Transcribe the original strand of DNA. UCC-AGU-CGA-UGC-CCG-UUU-CAU
7. Use the codon chart to translate your RNA sequence: Ser, Ser, Arg, Cys, Pro, Phe, His
8. Which of the following best describes the flow of information in the cell?
A) mRNA  DNA  tRNA
B) tRNA  mRNA  protein
C) DNA  mRNA protein
D) protein  DNA  mRNA
9. Which of the following occur in the nucleus? (Circle ALL that apply)
A) Replication
B) Transcription C) Translation
10. Which process doubles the amount of DNA?
A) Replication
B) Transcription
C) Translation
11. Which of the following is an end result of transcription?
A) A protein
B) A segment of mRNA
C) A segment of DNA D) An enzyme
12. Name the 2 purines Adenine & Guanine
13. Name the 2 pyrimidines Thymine & cytosine
14. Use the chart at the bottom of the page (Figure 12-17) to transcribe, and then translate the following poly-peptide chain of
amino acids:
AGG-TTA-CCC-CCG-AGC-TTT-AUG
UCC-AAU-GGG-GGC-UCG-AAA-UAC
SERINE-ASPARAGANINE-GLYCINE-GLYCINE-SERINE-LYSINE-TYROSINE
15. Next, re-write the RNA that you transcribed BACKWARDS, so that instead of reading right-left, you translate the RNA from
left to right. Write the amino acids you translated below:
CAU-AAA-GCU-CGG-GGG-UAA-CCU
HISTIDINE- ASPARAGANINE-Alanine-arginine-glycine-stop-proline
16. Are the amino acids different OR the same when you translate from left-right as when you translate right-left? Why?
Different, because the leteers are re-arranged and therefore have new meaning. Two codons still represent the same amino acids,
because they are same backwards (ex. GGG)
17. (CIRCLE ONE): Based on #15-16, would you infer that cells read DNA (RNA) in ONE direction or BOTH directions?