DELETE EVERYTHING IN PURPLE ONCE YOU HAVE FINISHED
Saponification
Colored picture that relates to
concepts
Name
Date
Period
PROBLEM
What were you trying to do?
PROCEDURE
“See Lab Handout”
THEORY
***Must be in paragraph form with Diagrams in between paragraphs***
1. Draw the structure of a soap molecule. Label the polar head and the nonpolar tail.
Define what polar and non-polar mean.
2. Make a drawing of the “Action of Soap”. Describe specifically how soap removes grease
from fabric.
3. Explain what the phrase “Likes Dissolve Likes” means. Describe how this phrase explains
why water cannot get grease out but soap can.
DATA
Mass of experimental soap: ________________
Soap & water (step 2 of your procedure) observations:
Qualitative observations—color, texture, odor, etc.
Quantitative observations-weight, pH level
Data Table #1
Sample
Test tube
Chloride:
Test tube
Chloride:
Test tube
Chloride:
pH
10 mL of Water
Detergent
Solution
Hand Soap
Solution
Experimental
Soap Solution
1
CaCl2
2
MgCl2
3
FeCl3
DATA ANALYSIS
1. From you qualitative, non-numerical, data, describe why you think the matter that you
made in the lab is, in fact, soap.
2. Look at the pH of your experimental soap (7-8), hand soap (7-8), and detergent (10). Do
the pH of each “make sense” according to how each product is used in the household?
3. Read page 452 MiniLab #2 “Hard and Soft Water” in your textbook. Which ions are
present in Hard Water? Describe if you saw “soap scum” in your experimental soap, hand
soap, and detergent. Are you supposed to see “soap scum” with all three? Explain why or
why not.
4. Read page 160 “Hard Water” in your textbook. What kinds of serious problems does
hard water cause?
CONCLUSION
Describe the results of your experiment. What was the mass of your soap? How does
this compare with your classmates (examples: Danielle: 7.35, Ashley 15.3, Derick: 9.0)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1. Read page 455 “Soaps and Detergents” in your textbook. What does “hydrophilic” and
“hydrophobic” mean? Label each on your drawing in question #1.
2. How might rubbing and scrubbing with soap help to remove a greasy stain from clothing?