Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 48-1 REVIEW
NUTRIENTS
VOCABULARY REVIEW Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. What are the six basic nutrients? ____________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. What is an unsaturated fat? ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. What is the function of vitamins? ___________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. How does dehydration affect the body? _______________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. Which of the following is not an organic nutrient?
a. vitamins
b. lipids
c. carbohydrates d. minerals
_____ 2. Carbohydrates are important sources of
a. monosaccharides.
c. legumes.
b. nonessential amino acids.
d. glycerol.
_____ 3. Essential amino acids are obtained from
a. animal products. b. plant products. c. legumes. d. All of the above
_____ 4. Saturated fats
a. are found in most plant oils.
b. have double bonds.
c. are found in animal fats.
d. do not have a glycerol molecule.
_____ 5. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Potassium is a component of ascorbic acid.
b. Potassium is required for the formation of red blood cells.
c. Bananas are good sources of potassium.
d. It is not necessary to consume foods containing potassium.
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Nutrients
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. Explain the difference between essential amino acids and nonessential amino
acids. __________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Describe the importance of simple sugars for normal body functioning.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. List two reasons that water is an important nutrient. _____________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. Critical Thinking What characteristic is common to all of the nutrients?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Use the food pyramid below to answer the
following questions.
1. Based on the organization of the pyramid, which food group does the body
need and use the most? What is the primary nutrient in this group? _________
________________________________________________________________
2. Which food group contains all of the essential amino acids? Is this the only
group that contains essential amino acids? Explain your answer. ___________
________________________________________________________________
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Nutrients
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 48-2 REVIEW
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
VOCABULARY REVIEW Explain the relationship between the terms in each
of the following pairs of terms.
1. pharynx, epiglottis _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. ulcer, gastric fluid ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. peristalsis, colon _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. pyloric sphincter, chyme __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. villus, gastrointestinal tract _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. The gastrointestinal tract includes the
a. liver.
b.large intestine.
c. pancreas.
d. All of the above
_____ 2. Bile is
a. released into the small intestine. c. stored in the gallbladder.
b. produced by the liver.
d. All of the above
_____ 3. Chemical digestion involves
a. the molars.
b. saliva.
c. the hard palate.
d. the incisors.
_____ 4. Which of the following is a component of both the respiratory system
and the digestive system?
a. esophagus
b. salivary glands c. pharynx d. peristalsis
_____ 5. Ulcers are linked to breakdown of the
a. pyloric sphincter.
c. stomach lining.
b. gallbladder function.
d. common bile duct.
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Digestive System
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. What is the function of mucus in the stomach? _________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. What is the primary role of pepsin in digestion? ________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. How does the pancreas aid digestion? ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. Critical Thinking Which part of the gastrointestinal tract should have the
highest concentration of blood capillaries? Explain your answer. ___________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Use the figure of the gastrointestinal tract
below to answer the following questions.
1. Label each part of the figure in the spaces provided.
2. Which organ is not part of the gastrointestinal tract? How does this organ aid
digestion?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. In which organ does absorption take place? What structural features make this
organ particularly well-suited for absorption of nutrients into the blood? _____
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Digestive System
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 48-3 REVIEW
URINARY SYSTEM
VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms.
1. nephron ________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. urethra _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. renal medulla ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. excretion _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. urea ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. Most reabsorption within a nephron occurs in the
a. Bowman’s capsule.
c. collecting duct.
b. duodenum.
d. proximal convoluted tubule.
_____ 2. Which of the following is not part of the nephron?
a. glomerulus
b. loop of Henle
c. ureter
d. Bowman’s capsule
_____ 3. Which of the following substances would not normally be collected in
the Bowman’s capsule?
a. small proteins b. glucose
c. erythrocytes d. vitamins
_____ 4. The renal pelvis
a. empties into the renal vein.
b. is an extension of the ureter.
c. is a part of the nephron.
d. All of the above
_____ 5. During the process of reabsorption, components of the filtrate are
a. actively transported out of the nephron.
b. transferred to the capillaries surrounding the nephron.
c. separated from waste products.
d. All of the above
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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. Describe the importance of filtration in urine production. _________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. How do the kidneys contribute to homeostasis? ________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. Why are nephrons considered the structural and functional units of the kidney?
___________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. Critical Thinking How is ammonia related to kidney functioning?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Use the figure of a nephron and the
information below to answer the following questions.
About 99 of every 100 mL of filtrate are reabsorbed into the blood, and about
1,500 mL (1.6 qt) of urine are excreted per day.
1. Label each part of the figure in the spaces provided.
2. In which structure is the filtrate collected? ____________________________
3. Based on the amount of urine excreted daily, about how many milliliters of
filtrate would be produced daily by a pair of normally functioning kidneys?
____________________________________________
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Digestive System