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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF
COMPUTERIZED HOSPITAL DATABASE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
i
Certification Page
ii
Dedication
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract
v
Table of Contents
vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Brief History of Imo State University Medical Centre
1.2.1
Organogram of Imo State University Medical Centre
1.3 Statement of the Problem
1.4 Objectives of the Study
1.5 Scope and Delimitation of the Study
1.6 General Methodology
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Drug Dispensing Samples Words of Caution
2.2 Database Management System
2.3 Expert System Technology
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 System Investigation, Analysis and Design of I/O forms
3.1 Definition of Terms
3.2 Data Dictionary
3.3 Detailed Analysis of the Present System
3.3.1
The Administrative Unit
3.3.2
The Pharmaceutical Unit
3.3.3
The Objectives of the Pharmaceutical Unit
3.3.4
Operation of the Pharmaceutical Unit
3.3.5
How Drugs are Received and Dispensed
3.3.6
Nursing Unit
3.3.7
The Public Health Unit
3.3.8
The Medical Records Unit
3.3.9
The Laboratory Unit
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3.4 Problems Observed in the Present System
3.4.1
Expectation from the New System
3.5 Procedure for Admission and Discharge of Patient
3.6 Data Flow Diagram
3.7 System Design
3.8 Data Base Structures
3.9 Input Design
3.10 Output Design
3.11 Program Design
3.12 Top down Design
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Programming, Testing and Implementation
4.0.1
File Conversion
4.0.2
Site Preparation
4.0.3
Training
4.0.4
Hardware and Software Requirement
4.0.5
Material Requirement
4.1 Program Module Flowchart
4.2 Specification of Program Module
4.3 Program Coding and Testing
4.4 System Maintenance
4.5 Documentation
4.6 Operational Principles
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Problems Encountered
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
References
Appendix
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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Integration
of
documentation
and
knowledge
based
computerized services in information system is a tremendous
means of helping health professionals in their daily practices
and to improve the quality of service delivery.
Effort is continuously being made in designing and
developing economically and reliable database system to
satisfy a clinical database information system. This project is
about the design and implementation of a clinical database
system for clinical management of the IMSU Medical Centre
and shows how record and data can be handled and stored
within the system.
The system will store patient’s records, drug inventory
and dispensation as well as other relevant clinical information
within the University Community. The system will be used by
the staff (Doctor Nurse, Clerks, Consultants and other relevant
authorities as the demand may be) within the clinic. It will
process data speedily and accurately provide information when
and where required.
The clinical database system will be used to store data
produce reports and handle management inquiries. In clinics
that are made up of Doctors, Nurse, Patients and other
personnel staff, an information system is required to keep track
of the day-to-day transaction of the clinic and to improve the
communication skills. Also this system will help, in highlighting
risk/complex patients for consultant input alert of DNA; easily
identify
all
patients
taking
certain
medications,
monitor
frequency of major complication e.g. peptic ulcer, check for
known drug interaction, and improve evidence based practice,
record questions.
Therefore, it is hoped that the design and implementation
of a clinical database system would provide a flexible and
reliable management of the University clinic. This program is
carefully designed to work in a standalone system or in a multi
user environment
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1.2 BRIEF
HISTORY
OF
IMO
STATE
UNIVERSITY
MEDICAL CENTER.
The history of IMSU medical center is dated back to 1st of June
1993, with only one Doctor as the medical Director (Dr.
Ihekwasu), by 1st of July the same year additional six nurses
where employed, subsequently three attendants and Lab
technicians were employed. The medical center was started in
a one room apartment in the admission block. Later it was
moved to its present permanent site, located toward the
extreme end of the university campus.
1.2.1
ORGANOGRAM OF IMO STATE UNIVERSITY
MEDICAL CENTRE
ACTING MEDICAL DIRECTOR
DR. JOSEPH NZEOMA
MEDICAL OFFICER
DR. ERUKA CHUKA
HEAD NURSE
MRS. OKECHUKWU
ADMINISTRATIVE
SECRETARY
DRIVERS
CHIEF NURSING
OFFICER
PHARMACIST
ASSISTANTCHIEF
NURSING OFFICER
LABORATORY
TECHNICIAN
ATTENDANT
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1.3
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It is observed that in Imo State University Medical Centre,
most of its record on staff, students, patients, drug, ward and
bed allocation, inventory and drug dispensary are handled
manually. The problems associated with the manual method
include inaccurate data, poor quality of patient care and
administrative inefficiency. The task involved in this design is
as follows:
i.
Careful study of the manual operations of Imo State
University Medical Centre
ii.
Collection of information on general problem comforting
the medical centre
iii.
Study the identified problems, design and develop a
clinical database
system that will help in solving these
problems
iv.
Develop
computer
software
that
management of the medical centre
will
help
in
the
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The primary aim of this project is to design and develop a
clinical database
State
University
system for Imo
Medical
centre,
which
will
achieve
the
following.
a) Improve efficiency and the communication skill in the
clinic
b) Keeps proper patient record, drug inventory, ward and
bed allocation, drug dispensing and efficacy of Drug
dispensed.
c) To bring about a complete pollution free environment that
will ensure a secured public health of the staff, and the
University Community.
d) To
acquire
practical
experience
in
the
design
and
development of a clinical database system and other
related software.
1.5 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of this project is mainly on patients’ record, the
drug prescription available drugs, the drug dispensed and the
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efficacy of the drug dispensed. The application of query in
getting
the
desired
reports
on
drug
inventory
in
the
Human
fear
pharmaceutical unit.
 User
resistance
and
misconception:
towards change was a major problem encountered in this
course of study; hence vital information was hidden away
from me.
 Sensitivity of the study: Due to the sensitive nature of
drug management, some secrets were not given out for
professional reasons.
 Duration: The time allocated to carry out this project is
quite small for adequate and complete investigation of the
study.
1.6 GENERAL METHODOLOGY
The project is carried out following the appropriate stages
involved in design and development of clinical software. The
stages are briefly discussed below.

Problem identification:
The problems associated with
the medical centre are first identified. This is done by critically
analysis of the existing system

Data collection:
The data required for this clinical
database is obtained by interviewing staff, students and other
medical personnel. Also vital information was also obtained
from the internet especially on the technicality in designing and
developing a clinical database.

System modeling: Using relevant facts obtained from
relevant sources, the Clinical database system is designed.

System
conceptual
Development
design
is
and
development
implementation:
and
implemented
The
as
computer program. After the development and implementation,
the system is tested to ensure that it fulfills the objectives of
the project.

System installation: The developed clinical database
system software is installed on the computer system and made
ready
for use.