Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
Catalog Description: ME301 Introduction of Fluid Mechanics (4,0)4
Introduction, Fundamental Concepts, Fluid Statics, Basic equations in ıntegral Form
for a Control Volume, Introduction to Differential Analysis of Fluid Motion,
Incompressible Inviscid Flow, Dimensional Analysis and Similitude, Internal
Incompressible Viscous Flow, External Incompressible Viscous Flow
Text-Book: Introduction of Fluid Mechanics, Robert W. Fox, Alan T. McDonald, 7th edition.
References: 1. Fluid Mechanics, F. M. White, 5th edition, Mcgraw-Hill
2. Fundamentals oof Fluid Mechanics, Munson, Young, Okiishi, 5th edition,
John Wiley and Sons.
Topics
1. Introduction......................................................1 week
1.1 Definition of a Fluid
1.2 Scope of Fluid Mechanics
1.3 Basic Equations
1.4 Methods of Analysis
1.4.1 System and Control Volume
1.4.2 Differential versus Integral Approach
1.4.3 Method of Description
1.5 Dimensions and Units
2. Fundamental Concepts..................................1 week
2.1 Fluid as a Continuum
2.2 Velocity Field
2.2.1 One-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional Flows
2.2.2 Timelines, Pathlines, Streaklines, and Streamlines
2.3 Sress Field
2.4 Viscosity
2.4.1 Newtonian Fluid
2.4.2 Non-newtonian Fluids
2.5 Description and Classification of Fluid Motions
2.5.1 Viscous and Inviscid Flow
2.5.2 Laminar and Turbulent Flows
2.5.3 Compressible and Incompressible Flows
2.5.4 Internal and External Flows
3. Fluid Statics .......................................................................2 weeks
3.1 The Basic Equation of Fluid Statics
3.2 Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid
3.3 The Standard Atmosphere
3.4 Hydraulic Systems
3.5 Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces
3.5.1 Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Submerged Surface
3.5.2 Hydrostatic Force on a Curved Submerged Surface
3.6 Buoyancy and Stability
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4. Basic equations in ıntegral Form for a Control Volume............2 weeks
4.1 Basic laws for a System
4.1.1 Conservation of Mass
4.1.2 Newton’s Second Law
4.1.3 The Angular Momentum Principle
4.1.4 The First law of Thermodynamics
4.1.5 The Second law of Thermodynamics
4.2 Relation of System Derivatives to the Control Volume Formulation
4.2.1 Derivation
4.2.2 Physical Interpretation
4.3 Conservation of Mass
4.3.1 Special cases
4.4 Momentum Equation for Inertial Control Volume
4.4.1 Differential Control Volume Analysis
4.4.2 Control Volume with moving with Constant Velocity
5. Introduction to Differential Analysis of Fluid Motion...................2 weeks
5.1 Conservation of Mass
5.1.1 Rectangular Coordinate System
5.1.2 Cylindrical Coordinate
5.2 Stream Function for Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow
5.3 Motion of a Fluid Element (Kinematics)
5.3.1 Acceleration of a Fluid Particle in a Velocity Field
5.3.2 Fluid Rotation
5.3.3 Fluid Deformation
5.4 Momentum Equation
5.4.1 Forces Acting on a Fluid Particle
5.4.2 Differential Momentum equation
5.5 Newtonian Fluid: Navier-Stokes equations
6. Incompressible Inviscid Flow................................3 weeks
6.1 Momentum equation for Frictionless Flow: Euler’s Equations
6.2 Euler’s Equations in Streamline Coordinates
6.3 Bernoulli Equation of Euler’s Equation Along a Streamline for Steady Flow
6.3.1 Derivation Using Streamline Coordinates
6.3.2 Derivation Using Rectangular Coordinates
6.3.3 Static, Stagnation, and Dynamic Pressures
6.3.4 Applications
6.4 Unsteady Bernoulli Equation-Integration of Euler’s Equation Along a Streamline
6.5 Irrotational Flow
6.5.1 Bernoulli Equation Applied to Irrotational Flow
6.5.2 Velocity Potential
6.5.3 Stream Function and Velocity Potential for Two-Dimensional, Irrotational,
Incompressible Flow; Laplace’s equation
6.5.4 Elementary Plane Flows
7. Dimensional Analysis and Similitude.................................1 weeks
7.1 Nature of Dimensional Analysis
7.2 Buckingam Pi Theorem
7.3 Determining the Groups
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7.4 Dimensionless Groups of Significance in Fluid Mechanics
7.5 Flow Similarity and Model Studies
7.5.1 Incomplete Similarity
7.5.2 Scaling with Multiple Dependent Parameters
7.5.3 Comments on Model Testing
7.6 Nondimensionalizing the Basic Differential Equations
8. Internal Incompressible Viscous Flow..............................2 weeks
8.1 Introduction
PART A. FULLY DEVELOPED LAMINAR FLOW
8.2 Fully Developed Laminar Flow Between Infinite Parallel Plates
8.2.1 Both Plates Stationary
8.2.2 Upper Plate Moving with Constant Speed, U
8.3 Fully Developed Laminar Flow in a Pipe
PART B. FLOW IN PIPES AND DUCTS
8.4 Shear Stress Distribution in Fully Developed Pipe Flow
8.5 Turbulent Velocity Profiles in Fully Developed Pipe Flow
8.6 Energy Consideration in Pipe Flow
8.6.1 Kinetic Energy Coefficients
8.6.2 Head Loss
8.7 Calculation of Head Loss
8.7.1 Major Losses: Friction Factor
8.7.2 Minor Losses
8.7.3 Noncircular Ducts
8.8 Solution of Pipe Flow Problems
8.8.1 Single Path Systems
9. External Incompressible Viscous Flow........................1 week
PART A. BOUNDARY LAYER
9.1 The Boundary Layer Concept
9.2 Boundary Layer Thicknesses
9.3 Laminar Flat-Plate Boundary Layer: Exact Solution
9.4 Momentum Integral equation
9.5 Use of the Momentum Integral Equation for Zero Pressure Gradient Flow
9.5.1 Laminar Flow
9.5.2 Turbulent Flow
9.5.3 Pressure Gradients in Boundary-Layer Flow
PART B. FLUID FLOW ABOUT IMMERSED BODIES
9.6 Drag
9.6.1 Flow over a Flat Plate Parallel to the Flow: Friction Drag
9.6.2 Flow over a Flat Plate Normal to the Flow: Pressure Drag
9.6.3 Flow over a Sphere and Cylinder: Friction and Pressure Drag
9.6.4 Streamlining
9.7 Lift
Grading Policy:
Home-works
15%
Quizzes
15%
Midterm
30%
Final Exam
40%
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Minimum Attendance required
70%
Prepared by Assist. Prof. Dr. Ing. Hüseyin Çamur
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