1. What is an objective for small magnification in the light microscope?
A. Х7
B. Х15.
C. Х40.
D. Х90
E. Х8.
ANSWER: E
2. What is an ocular for small magnification in the light microscope?
A. Х25.
B. Х8.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х7.
ANSWER: E
3. What is an objective for large magnification in the light microscope?
A. Х7
B. Х15.
C. Х8.
D. Х90.
E. Х40.
ANSWER: E
4. What is an ocular for large magnification in the light microscope?
A. Х25.
B. Х8.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х7.
ANSWER: E
5. What is an objective for immersion in the light microscope?
A. Х7.
B. Х15
C. Х8.
D. Х40.
E. Х90.
ANSWER: E
6. What is an ocular for immersion in the light microscope?
A. Х15.
B. Х8.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х7.
ANSWER: E
7. What does an illuminative part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Ocular.
B. Tube object.
C. Objective.
D. Turret.
E. Refractor.
ANSWER: E

8. What does an illuminative part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular
C. Tube object.
D. Turret
E. Condenser.
ANSWER: E
9. What does an illuminative part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective
B. Ocular
C. Tube object.
D. Turret
E. Diaphragm
ANSWER: E
10. What does an mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Diaphragm.
D. Condenser.
E. Tube object.
ANSWER: E
11. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser.
D. Refractor.
E. Turret.
ANSWER: E
12. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular
C. Condenser
D. Refractor
E. Macrometer screw.
ANSWER: E
13. What does an optical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Object stage.
B. Condenser
C. Refractor
D. Base plate.
E. Objective
ANSWER: E
14. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser
D. Refractor
E. Micrometer screw.
ANSWER: E

15. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser.
D. Refractor.
E. Condenser screw.
ANSWER: E
16. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser.
D. Refractor.
E. Stand.
ANSWER: E
17. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser.
D. Refractor.
E. Base plate.
ANSWER: E
18. What does a mechanical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Objective.
B. Ocular.
C. Condenser.
D. Refractor.
E. Object stage.
ANSWER: E
19. What does an optical part of the light microscope consist of?
A. Base plate.
B. Condenser.
C. Refractor.
D. Object stage.
E. Ocular.
ANSWER: E
20. The begining of working with microscope you start with a light magnification. What ocular do you need?
A. Х25.
B. Х8.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х7.
ANSWER: E
21. The begining of working with microscope you start with a light magnification. What objective do you need?
A. Х7.
B. Х15.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х8.
ANSWER: E

22. You are examining a specimen under the considerable magnification. What ocular are you need?
A. Х25.
B. Х8.
C. Х40.
D. Х90.
E. Х7.
ANSWER: E
23. You are examining a specimen under the considerable magnification. What objective are you need?
A. Х7.
B. Х15.
C. Х8.
D. Х90.
E. Х40.
ANSWER: E
24. Which of the following is not an amino acid?
A. glutamic acid
B. aspartic acid
C. glutamine
D. leucine
E. palmitic acid
ANSWER: E
25. What type of covalent bonds link the amino acids in a protein?
A. ester bonds
B. hydrogen bonds
C. ionic bonds
D. glycosidic bonds
E. peptide bonds
ANSWER: E
26. Which of the following is an amino acid that is found in proteins?
A. adenosine
B. adenine
C. creatine
D. linoleic acid
E. alanine
ANSWER: E
27. Which of the following is an amino acid?
A. adenosine
B. adenine
C. creatine
D. linoleic acid
E. alanine
ANSWER: E
28. Which of the following molecules does not form part of DNA?
A. purine
B. pyrimidine
C. deoxyribose
D. phosphate
E. amino acid
ANSWER: E

29. Codons are composed of:
A. none of the above
B. triplet sequences of nucleotide bases in DNA
C. triplet sequences of amino acids in polypeptide chains
D. triplet sequences of deoxyribose sugars in DNA
E. triplet sequences of nucleotide bases in mRNA
ANSWER: E
30. The primary RNA transcript of the chicken ovalbumin gene is 7700 nucleotides long, but the mature mRNA that is translated on the ribosome is 1872 nucleotides long. This size difference occurs primarily as a result of:
A. Capping
B. cleavage of polycistronic mRNA
C. removal of poly A tails
D. reverse transcription
E. processing, splicing
ANSWER: E
31. The anticodon sequence is found on which of the following?
A. Messenger RNA.
B. Ribosomal RNA.
C. Big nuclear RNA.
D. Small nuclear RNA.
E. Transfer RNA.
ANSWER: E
32. Telomers are located
A. at the ends of ribosomal RNA
B. in centromers
C. in the middle of chromosomes
D. in mitochondrial DNA
E. at the ends of chromosomes
ANSWER: E
33. Least structural unit of a human organism is:
A. Tissue.
B. Carbohydrates.
C. Membrane.
D. Nucleic acids.
E. Cell.
ANSWER: E
34. Organic matters which are carrying out in a cell functions of enzymes:
A. Carbohydrates.
B. Lipids.
C. Nucleic acids.
D. Phospholipids.
E. Proteins.
ANSWER: E
35. The continuity of life is provided due to function of a cell:
A. Metabolism and energies.
B. Responsivness
C. Biosyntesis of organic compounds.
D. Body height and breeding of cells.
E. Biosynthesis of proteins.
ANSWER: E

36. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is photosynthesis:
A. Mitochondrion.
B. Lysosome.
C. Ribosome.
D. Centrosome.
E. Chloroplast.
ANSWER: E
37. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is protein synthesis:
A. Mitochondrion.
B. Lysosome.
C. Chloroplast.
D. Centrosome.
E. Ribosome.
ANSWER: E
38. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is protein synthesis:
A. Mitochondrion
B. Lysosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Centrosome
E. Ribosome
ANSWER: E
39. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is lipid synthesis:
A. Mitochondrion.
B. Lysosome
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Centrosome
E. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
ANSWER: E
40. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is ATP synthesis:
A. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Centrosome
E. Mitochondrion
ANSWER: E
41. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is degradation of intracellular debris:
A. Mitochondrion
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Centrosome
E. Lysosome
ANSWER: E
42. Choose organelle of a cell that forms mitotic spindle fibers
A. Mitochondrion
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
E. Centrosome
ANSWER: E

43. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is temporary storage of substances:
A. Mitochondrion.
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
E. Vacuole
ANSWER: E
44. Choose organelle of a cell, in which there is noncytosolic protein synthesis:
A. Mitochondrion
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole
E. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
ANSWER: E
45. Choose two-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole
E. Mitochondrion
ANSWER: E
46. Choose two-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole
E. Chloroplast
ANSWER: E
47. Choose non-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole
E. Centrosome
ANSWER: E
48. Choose non-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Lysosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Mitochondrion
E. Ribosome
ANSWER: E
49. Choose one-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Centrosome.
B. Ribosome.
C. Chloroplast.
D. Mitochondrion.
E. Golgy apparatus.
ANSWER: E

50. Choose one-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Centrosome.
B. Ribosome.
C. Chloroplast.
D. Mitochondrion.
E. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
ANSWER: E
51. Choose single-membrane organelle of a cell:
A. Centrosome.
B. Ribosome.
C. Chloroplast.
D. Mitochondrion.
E. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
ANSWER: E
52. What mean of division at somatic cells?
A. Amitosis.
B. Meiosis.
C. Schizogony.
D. Budding.
E. Mitosis.
ANSWER: E
53. What mean of division at germ cells?
A. Amitosis.
B. Mitosis.
C. Schizogony.
D. Budding.
E. Meiosis.
ANSWER: E
54. To prokaryotic are the following:
A. Phages.
B. Viruses.
C. Animals.
D. Plants.
E. Bacteria.
ANSWER: E
55. To prokaryotic are the following:
A. Bacteria.
B. Phages.
C. Viruses.
D. Plants.
E. Blue-green algae.
ANSWER: E
56. To prokaryotic are the following:
A. Animals
B. Fungi.
C. Viruses.
D. Plants.
E. Blue-green algae.
ANSWER: E

57. What organelle does contain DNA?
A. Lysosome.
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole.
E. Chloroplast.
ANSWER: E
58. What organelle does contain DNA?
A. Lysosome.
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Vacuole.
E. Mitochondrion.
ANSWER: E
59. The organic matters from inorganic are formed in process of:
A. Syntesis of protein.
B. Synthesis ATP.
C. Syntesis of phospholipids.
D. Synthesis RNA.
E. Photosynthesis.
ANSWER: E
60. Specify the component of prokaryotic cell:
A. Nucleus.
B. Mitochondrion.
C. Vacuole.
D. Lysosome.
E. Nucleoid.
ANSWER: E
61. Organelle of prokaryotic cell is:
A. Nucleus.
B. Mitochondrion.
C. Vacuole.
D. Lysosome.
E. Ribosome.
ANSWER: E
62. What chemical composition of a plasma membrane:
A. Two layers of carbohydrates between two in layers of proteins.
B. Layer of lipids between two in layers of proteins.
C. Two layers of carbohydrates and one layer of lipids.
D. One layer of carbohydrates and two layers of proteins.
E. Proteins and two layers of lipids.
ANSWER: E
63. Electron micrographs following freeze-fracture of the plasma membrane indicate that:
A. The membrane is a phospholipid bilayer.
B. Protein is found only on the surfaces of the membrane.
C. Glycolipids are antigenic.
D. Glycoproteins are antigenic.
E. Some proteins span the membrane.
ANSWER: E

64. A phospholipid molecule has a head and 2 tails. The tails are found:
A. At the surfaces of the membrane.
B. Both at the surfaces and the interior of the membrane.
C. Spanning the membrane.
D. In the cytoplasm.
E. In the interior of the membrane.
ANSWER: E
65. Which one of the following transport processes requires energy?
A. Facilitated diffusion.
B. Passive transport.
C. Simple diffusion.
D. Osmosis.
E. Active transport.
ANSWER: E
66. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution:
A. Solute exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane.
B. Water exits the cell toward the area of lower concentration.
C. Solute exits and water enters the cell.
D. Water enters the cell toward the area of lower solute concentration.
E. Water enters the cell toward the area of higher solute concentration.
ANSWER: E
67. Which one of the following substances is unable to traverse the plasma membrane by simple diffusion?
A. 02.
B. N2.
C. None of the above.
D. C02.
E. Na+
ANSWER: E
68. Active transport
A. Requires a protein carrier.
B. Moves a molecule against its concentration gradient.
C. Requires a supply of energy.
D. Requires ATP.
E. All of these.
ANSWER: E
69. One of the ways that cells communicate with each other is by secretion of various molecules. The secreted molecule is known as:
A. A receptor molecule.
B. A spectrin tetramer.
C. An integrin.
D. An anticodon.
E. A signaling molecule.
ANSWER: E
70. Receptor-mediated endocytosis:
A. Is no different from phagocytosis.
B. Helps to concentrate proteins in vesicles.
C. Is no different from exocytosis.
D. All of these.
E. Brings specific nutrients into the cell.

ANSWER: E
71. All of the following statements concerning plasma membrane components are true, EXCEPT
A. G proteins are composed of three subunits.
B. Channel proteins are not energy-dependent.
C. Ankyrin binds to integrins of the red blood cell plasma membrane.
D. Glycocalyx is the sugar coat.
E. The glycocalyx is usually composed of phospholipids.
ANSWER: E
72. The sugar coat located on the outer surface of the outer leaflet of the plasmalemma is:
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Vacuole
D. Lysosome
E. Glycocalyx
ANSWER: E
73. What is the functions of Cholesterol in plasmalemma?
A. Decrease fluidity of the lipid bilayer.
B. Facilitate the diffusion of ions through the lipid bilayer.
C. Assist in the transport of hormones across the lipid bilayer.
D. All of these.
E. Increase fluidity of the lipid bilayer.
ANSWER: E
74. The cell membrane consists of various components, including integral proteins. These integral proteins:
A. Are not attached to the outer leaflet.
B. Are not attached to the inner leaflet.
C. Function in the transport of cholesterol-based hormones.
D. All of these.
E. Include transmembrane proteins.
ANSWER: E
75. Energy is required for
A. Diffusion
B. Facilitated transport.
C. Osmosis
D. All of these.
E. Active transport.
ANSWER: E
76. When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution,
A. Water exits the cell toward the area of lower concentration.
B. Water enters the cell toward the area of higher solute concentration.
C. Solute exits and water enters the cell.
D. All of these.
E. Water exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane.
ANSWER: E
77. A protozoan's contractile vacuole is more likely to be active
A. In a hypertonic environment.
B. In an isotonic environment.
C. When endocytosis is occurring.
D. All of these.
E. In a hypotonic environment.

ANSWER: E
78. Symport refers to the process of transporting
A. A molecule into the cell.
B. A molecule out of the cell.
C. Two different molecules in the opposite di­rection.
D. All of these.
E. Two different molecules in the same direction.
ANSWER: E
79. The sodium-potassium pump
A. Helps establish an electrochemical gradient across the membrane.
B. Concentrates sodium on the outside of the membrane.
C. Utilizes energy.
D. Na+ ion requires carrier proteins for transport across the plasma membrane.
E. All of these.
ANSWER: E
80. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
A. Is no different from phagocytosis.
B. Helps to concentrate proteins in vesicles.
C. Brings specific nutrients out the cell.
D. All of these.
E. Brings specific nutrients into the cell.
ANSWER: E
81. The nuclear pore complex:
A. Is bridged by a unit membrane.
B. Is located only at specific nuclear pore sites.
C. Permits passage of proteins via receptor-mediated transport.
D. All of these.
E. Permits free communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
ANSWER: E
82. Which one of the following nucleotides is present only in RNA?
A. Thymine
B. Adenine
C. Cytosine
D. Guanine
E. Uracil
ANSWER: E
83. Which one of the following nitrogenous base is present only in DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Uracil
C. Cytosine
D. Guanine
E. Thymine
ANSWER: E
84. Anticodons are located in:
A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. DNA
D. Protein
E. tRNA

ANSWER: E
85. DNA is duplicated in the cell cycle during the:
A. G2 phase.
B. Мetaphase
C. G1 phase.
D. G0 phase.
E. S phase.
ANSWER: E
86. During mitosis, sister chromatids begin their migration to opposite poles during:
A. Telophase
B. Metaphase
C. Prophase
D. G0 phase.
E. Anaphase
ANSWER: E
87. Transformed cells become malignant because they
A. Have a reduced amount of RNA polymerase.
B. Cease mitotic activity.
C. Contain extra chromosomes.
D. Contain transcriptionally inactive hetero-chromatin.
E. Are unable to respond to regulatory signals in the cell cycle.
ANSWER: E
88. Microscopic observations of the proportions of the two types of chromatin in the nuclei of tissue sections can often be used to
A. Determine the karyotype.
B. Identify the genome.
C. Diagnose Turner syndrome.
D. Identify DNA viruses.
E. Distinguish benign from malignant cells.
ANSWER: E
89. Cells may be malignant with:
A. Low euchromatin-heterochromatin ratio.
B. High heterochromatin-euchromatin ratio.
C. Without euchromatin.
D. Without heterochromatin.
E. High euchromatin-heterochromatin ratio.
ANSWER: E
90. What organelle is absent in a cell of the man, but contains in cells of green plants?
A. Mitochondrion
B. Ribosome
C. Cell center.
D. Chromosome
E. Chloroplast
ANSWER: E
91. What is the phagocytosis?
A. Absorption of a fluid stuff.
B. Absorption of mineral substances.
C. Absorption of water.
D. Type of cell division.

E. Absorption of solid particles.
ANSWER: E
92. What the parts does cell center consists of?
A. Two nucleoluses.
B. Vacuoles of various size.
C. Two chromosome.
D. One nucleolus and two chromosome.
E. Two centrioles.
ANSWER: E
93. What is the basic function of lysosomes?
A. Participation in a plastic exchange.
B. Participation in synthesis of carbohydrates.
C. Synthesis of lipids.
D. Participation in a metabolism.
E. Participation in digestiones of various materials.
ANSWER: E
94. In what cells are most of all of mitochondrions contained?
A. Where synthetic processes take place.
B. In erythrocytes.
C. Where the lipids are synthesized.
D. Where the carbohydrates are synthesized.
E. Where the energy consumptions is greater.
ANSWER: E
95. Which from the organelles is belonging to the organelles for special prescription?
A. Lysosomes
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Mitochondria
E. Cilia
ANSWER: E
96. The lysosome membrane intact is break. What will happen to a cell?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Mitosis
D. Pinocytosis
E. Lysis
ANSWER: E
97. What is an organelle to which proteins fold into their final forms?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Ribosomes
D. Cell center.
E. Golgi apparatus.
ANSWER: E
98. In what organelles contains rRNA?
A. Mitochondrions
B. Cellular center.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

E. Ribosomes
ANSWER: E
99. The chromosome is acrocentric if:
A. A centromere divides it into two arms of approximately length.
B. It pinches off only a small amount of material.
C. A centromere establishes two long arms and one short arm.
D. A centromere establishes one long arm and two short arms.
E. A centromere establishes one long arm and one short arm and present secondary constriction.
ANSWER: E
100. How many chromosomes groups are there in the human karyotype?
A. 4.
B. 5
C. 6
D. 9
E. 7
ANSWER: E