Biology Student
EQ: How is your body like a machine?
Body Systems
Scavenger Hunt and
Making Human Bodies
Targeted Skills
using the internet, reading, analyze
Enduring Understanding
Organisms are composed of systems working together to maintain
equilibrium.
Broad Brush Knowledge
comparative anatomy, structure and function
Concepts Important to Know and Understand
Systems Within Organisms
Core Objectives
15. Compare the functions and interrelationships of the organ
systems as they work together to maintain an organism, including the
organisms’ response to its environment.
PURPOSE: To use the internet and textbook as a research tool to find information regarding body
systems. To design a human body including the following systems: nervous, excretory (urinary),
reproductive, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory and digestive.
Materials:
Textbook, butcher paper in different colors, markers/colored pencils, ruler, computer w/internet access,
pen/pencil, scissors
PART ONE
You will go to the web site www.innerbody.com. Click on Human Anatomy Online. Select the proper body
system and navigate through each system answering the questions below. The information on each
system will be on the right side of the screen. You will have to search thoroughly for answers, clicking on
different links. Page numbers next to questions are referencing the textbook, as not all answers are on the
website. You may write on this handout.
PART TWO
In part two you will start designing your human bodies and researching the functions of these systems.
You will research the systems in this order: nervous, excretory (urinary), reproductive, endocrine,
circulatory, respiratory and digestive. The nervous, excretory, reproductive, and endocrine systems will be
completed in one day and the circulatory, respiratory, and digestive systems will be completed in one day
as well. This order will make it easier to place the organs in your human body. Make sure that each group
member is learning each body system as you proceed through the scavenger hunt.
Designing Human Bodies
Your groups will construct a model out of construction paper of the systems listed above. A specific color
will be assigned to each group.
Procedure:
1. Obtain a piece of long butcher paper and draw an outline of the human body. You will want to do this
by having a group member lie down on the paper so someone can trace their body. Make sure that
you turn the head to one side when tracing.
2. Using the page numbers given for each system, design and cut out each system. Make the systems to
scale so that they fit in the body. Make sure that you design and place the systems on the body in the
order given.
3. Label each part of each system out to the side of the body.
4. Tape the systems down on one side only, so that they may be lifted easily. This allows all systems to
be seen.
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 1
SKELETAL SYSTEM – Draw bones on the brown butcher paper
1. How many bones are in the skeletal system? _____________________________________________
2. What important role does the skeletal system play in a living organism? (be specific!) _____________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. What two types of cells are produced in the bone marrow? __________________________________
What other system does this involve? __________________________________________________
4. What do bones store that are important for the body? _______________________________________
5. What are ligaments? ________________________________________________________________
6. What function do ligaments serve? _____________________________________________________
7. Why are joints important? (pg. 476) ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. What is cartilage, and how is it different from bone? (pg. 477) ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
9. How often is your skeleton “replaced”? __________________________________________________
10. What is the hardest bone in the body? _________________________________________________
MUSCULAR SYSTEM – draw and label major muscles on butcher paper in red
1. What is the primary function of the muscular system? ______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. How does a muscle work? (pg. 485) ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. What other systems are involved in a muscle contraction? ___________________________________
4. Muscles are made up of what organic molecule? ___________________________________________
5. What are tendons? __________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. Fill in the chart comparing the different types of muscle: (pg. 926)
Muscle
Type
Function
Description of Muscle Cell
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 2
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM –do not draw
1. What is the lymphatic system? ________________________________________________________
2. What is the main function of the lymphatic system? ________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is lymph? ____________________________________________________________________
4. What do lymph nodes filter out of our bodies? ____________________________________________
Why do nodes become “swollen glands”? _______________________________________________
5. How is the lymphatic system connected to the digestive system? _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. How does the thymus in the lymphatic system assist the immune system? ______________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. What is the function of the spleen? _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (SKIN)
GO TO http://www.science.ubc.ca/~biomania/tutorial/skin/outline.htm Click on the link for skin.
1. In an average adult, how much does skin weigh? __________________________________________
2. What are some “appendages” of skin? __________________________________________________
3. The integumentary system provides many functions. Use the chart to list each function and the other
human body system to which it is connected. (Ex: Skeletal: arm bending would also involve muscular
system) This information is not on the website.
Function
System
Protection/Barrier
Protect Against Dehydration
Cutaneous Sensation
Blood Reservoir
Excretion
4. Identify and label the following parts of the skin: dermis, epidermis, hair, sebaceous (oil) gland, sweat
gland. Include the function of each part. You will have to navigate through other parts of the website to
find the functions. Refer to your Scientific Drawings Skills Sheet for labeling rules.
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 3
5. Fill in the chart of the parts of the integumentary systems and their functions:
Parts of the Skin
Function
Epidermis
Dermis
Sweat Gland
Hair
Sebaceous (Oil)
Gland
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM – cut out on purple paper
These are the parts to be included in this system:
1. Mouth
2.
3.
4.
5.
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
6. Rectum
7. Anus
8. Liver
9. Pancreas
10. Salivary Glands
Accessory
Organs
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the digestive system? _________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. List in order the organs food passes through, starting with the mouth. _________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe the difference between chemical and mechanical digestion. __________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Where in the digestive system do each of these occur? _____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Remember that the food you eat is made of organic compounds. What is the general term for the
substances in your body that help break these foods down? _________________________________
5. Looking at the picture, explain the significance of the villi in the small intestine.
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 4
6. Fill in the chart of the parts of the digestive system and their functions:
Digestive Organ
Function
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Accessory
Organs
Anus
Salivary Glands
EXCRETORY (URINARY) SYSTEM yellow paper
These are the parts to be included in this system:
1. 2 Kidneys
2. 2 Ureters
3. 1 urinary bladder
4. 1 urethra
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the excretory system? ________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Besides urine, what else is excreted from the body? ________________________________________
3. What substances are found in urine? ___________________________________________________
4. Describe the path that urine follows before it leaves the body. ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 5
5. Fill in the chart of the parts of the excretory system and their functions:
Excretory Organ
Function
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Skin and Lungs
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM – red and blue
These are the parts to be included in this system:
1. Heart
2. Veins (Vena Cava, Pulmonary)
3. Arteries (Aorta, Pulmonary)
4. Capillaries
This system will be done in red and blue. Blue represents blood containing CO2 and Red represents blood
containing O2. You will need to figure out which parts of the circulatory system are red and which are blue.
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the circulatory system? ________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Besides blood, what else is carried through your circulatory system? ___________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Where does gas exchange take place? __________________________________________________
By what process is gas exchanged? ____________________________________________________
4. What gas does an artery carry? ________________________________________________________
Explain the relationship of arteries to the heart. ___________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. What gas does a vein carry? __________________________________________________________
Explain the relationship of veins to the heart. _____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. What small vessels connect arteries and veins? ___________________________________________
7. Fill in the chart of the parts of the circulatory system and their functions:
Circulatory Organ
Function
Heart
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 6
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM – Orange
These are the parts to be included in this system:
1. Lungs
2. Trachea
3. Bronchi/bronchioles
4. Alveoli
5. Diaphragm
This system will be done in orange.
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the respiratory system?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. In which part of the respiratory system does gas exchange take place? _________________________
3. Explain the process of gas exchange in the lungs. _________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Describe how breathing is controlled. ___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. Fill in the chart with the parts of the respiratory system and their functions.
Respiratory Organ
Function
Lungs
Trachea
Bronchi/Bronchioles
Alveoli
Diaphragm
NERVOUS SYSTEM - white
These are the parts to be included in this system:
1. Brain (Include Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Brain Stem)
2. Spinal Cord
This system will be done in white.
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the nervous system? _________________________________________
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 7
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Identify and label the following parts of a neuron (nerve cell): cell body, dendrites, nucleus and axon.
Draw an arrow to show the direction of a nerve impulse.
3. Identify and label the following parts of the brain: cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.
4. Fill in the chart of the parts of the brain and their function:
Part of Brain
Function
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain Stem
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
These are the parts to be included in this system:
**These parts are to be cut out individually**
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Adrenal
4. Thyroid
5. Pancreas
This system will be done in white with nervous system.
Questions:
1. What is the main function of the endocrine system? ________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do hormones do? ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 8
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is the hypothalamus called the “master gland?” _______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. How are the hypothalamus and pituitary glands interrelated? _________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. Which endocrine gland controls your metabolism? _________________________________________
6. What is the “fight-or-flight” response and what endocrine gland produces it? _____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. What does the pancreas control? ______________________________________________________
What disease results if it cannot do this properly? _________________________________________
12. Fill in the chart of the parts of the endocrine system and their functions:
Endocrine Organ
Function
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Adrenal
Thyroid
Pancreas
PART THREE
In part three you have been given a diagram of each body system that you will need to label.
Skeletal
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 9
Body Systems Scavenger Hunt Student (Revised February 28, 2005)
(printed 3/8/2016) p. 10