BIO 210 Study Guide – Exam 1
Chapters 1-3 & Prerequisites
Name______________________________
**Also follow the objectives!**
Chapter 1:
1. List the nine different levels of organization in order, from smallest to largest. Give one example of
each. **Look on the objectives list, it breaks the six into nine!
2. List the six characteristics of all living things.
3. What is homeostasis?
a. Why is it important for living things?
4. Use the following words in a sentence (or two): set point, fluctuation, normal range, homeostasis
5. Define and give an example of each:
a. negative feedback
b. positive feedback
6. In the control of increased body temperature (beyond normal limits), what is/are the
a. stimulus:
b. response:
c. negative or positive feedback?
7. Define:
a. Parietal pericardium
b. Visceral peritoneum
c. Parietal pleura
Chapter 2:
8. Complete the chart:
Subatomic particle
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Charge
Location in atom
Mass--heavy or light?
9.
Using Ch. 2 & the Periodic Table (Appendix), complete the following chart.
Element Name
Atomic Number
H
C
N
O
Na
P
Cl
K
Ca
Fe
10. Which four elements are most common in the human body?
11. Complete the chart.
Bond
Describe electrons, etc.
Ionic
Covalent – polar
Covalent – non-polar
Hydrogen
Example
12. Give an example of each:
a. cation
b. anion
13. Circle the reactants: HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
14. List three factors that could increase the rate of a chemical reaction.
15. Give an example of a dehydration synthesis reaction:
16. Give an example of a hydrolysis reaction:
17. Complete the chart.
Solution
Acid
Base
Neutral
pH range
Ion Concentrations (H+, OH-)
Example
18. List and describe the four properties of water that are important for living things.
19. Complete the chart.
Macromolecule Monomers
Elements
Example
Unique Extras to define
(basic subunits
that make it up)
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide:
Disaccharide:
Polysaccharide:
Lipids
Saturated:
Unsaturated:
Phospholipid:
Proteins
Primary Structure:
Secondary:
Tertiary:
Quaternary:
Nucleic Acids
mRNA:
tRNA:
rRNA:
20. Define denaturation, including its effect on the protein.
21. Describe an enzyme-catalysed reaction, using the following terms: substrate, active site, enzyme,
activation energy, product, reused.
22. Describe the ATP  ADP + P reaction—why does this reaction take place in your cells, and what’s
the significance of it?
Chapter 3:
23. Complete the chart.
Cell Structure
Function
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cytoskeleton
Cell Structure, cont.
Centrioles
Ribosomes
ER (smooth, rough)
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Function, cont.
24. List the components of the plasma membrane.
25. List 5 functions of cell membrane proteins.
26. Define:
a.
b.
c.
27. Describe:
a.
Cilia
Flagella
Microvilli
Passive transport:
i. Diffusion
ii. Osmosis
iii. Facilitated diffusion
b. Active transport:
i. Protein pump (Na+/K+)
ii. Secondary active transport
iii. Endocytosis
iv. Exocytosis
28. Describe the main steps of DNA replication.
29. Describe the main steps of transcription.
30. Describe the main steps of translation.
31. Complete the chart.
DNA (1 strand is shown)
A T G C C C T A G
mRNA (transcribe the given DNA)
tRNA (complementary base pairing to mRNA)
32. Fill in the blanks.
Proteins are made at ___________________  sent to the _____________ ______________ and
then  sent to the ___________ ___________________ for sorting and packaging into vesicles. If
the vesicle remains in the cell, it may become a _______________, full of hydrolytic enzymes. If the
vesicle consists of hormones that need to be secreted from the cell, they will leave the cell through
the process of _______________. The vesicle’s phospholipids then become part of the _________
____________.
33. Describe the following phases:
a. Interphase
b. Cell division
i. Mitosis
1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase
ii. Cytokinesis