Pitt County Schools
302312 Standard Human Anatomy and Physiology
Instructional Guide
Time Frame: First Grading Period
TOPICS/CONCEPTS
The Human Body: An
Orientation
Chemistry Comes Alive
Cells: The Living Units
Tissue: The Living Fabric
The Integumentary System
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS,
BENCHMARKS, AND SKILLS
What are the three essential concepts
that unify and form the bedrock for the
study of the human body?
What are the basic chemistry and
biochemistry concepts needed to
understand body functions?
What are the structures and functions
shared by all cells?
How are cells specialized in their
structure and function?
How do multicellular body cells
specialize to perform specific functions
that help maintain homeostasis and
benefit the body as a whole?
How does the skin and its derivatives
make up a complex set of organs that
protects and interacts with other body
systems?
ESSENTIAL TASKS,
STRATEGIES, PROJECTS,
CONNECTIONS
Body Orientation Activity
RECOMMENDED
RESOURCES AND
ASSESSMENT
Chapter 1: The Human
Body: An Orientation
Rat Dissection
Microscope Activity
Marieb, Exercise 1
Marieb, Exercise 2
Chapter 2: Chemistry
Comes Alive
Transport Mechanism
Cell Division and Cell Parts –
examine mitosis slides and
cell organelles
Marieb, Exercise 3
Marieb, Exercise
5A, Activities 3-5
Marieb, Exercise 5B
Chapter 3: Cells: The
Living Units
Marieb, Exercise 4
Classification of Tissues
Integumentary System
Chapter 4: Tissue: The
Living Fabric
Marieb, Exercise 6A
Chapter 5: The
Integumentary System
Marieb, Exercise 7
1
Time Frame: Second Grading Period
TOPICS/CONCEPTS
Bones and Skeletal Tissues
The Skeleton
Joints
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS,
BENCHMARKS, AND SKILLS
What is the structure and function of
bone tissue and the dynamics of its
formation and remodeling throughout
life?
How do the bones, joints, and ligaments
function to permit movement and
mobility in the skeleton?
Muscles and Muscle Tissue
The Muscular System
Fundamentals of the Nervous
System
The Central Nervous System
Overview of the Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton &
Fetal Skeleton
Articulations and Body
Movements
What are the distinguishing functional
characteristics of muscles?
Microscopic Anatomy of
Skeletal Muscle
How does the muscle structure permit
movement and integrate with the
nervous system?
Gross Anatomy of the Muscular
System
How do muscular machines enable the
body to perform many different
activities?
What are the three overlapping
functions of the nervous system?
How does the nervous system act as the
master system in controlling and
communicating within the body?
The Peripheral System and Reflex
Activity
ESSENTIAL TASKS,
STRATEGIES, PROJECTS,
CONNECTIONS
What is the structure of the central
nervous system and the functions
associated with its various regions?
What are the components of reflex arcs
and important somatic reflexes that help
RECOMMENDED
RESOURCES AND
ASSESSMENT
Chapter 6: Bones and Skeletal
Tissues
Chapter 7: The Skeleton
Chapter 8: Joints
Marieb, Exercise 9
Marieb, Exercise 10
Marieb, Exercise
11/12
Marieb, Exercise 13
Chapter 9: Muscles and Muscle
Tissue
Chapter 10: The Muscular
System
Marieb, Exercise 14
Marieb, Exercise 15
Histology of the Nervous System Chapter 11: Fundamentals of
the Nervous System
Gross Anatomy of Brain and
Chapter 12: The Central
Cranial Nerves
Nervous System
Marieb, Exercise 17
Marieb, Exercise 19
Human Reflex Physiology
Chapter 13: The Peripheral
System and Reflex Activity
2
The Autonomic Nervous System
Special Senses
Blood
The Cardiovascular System: The
Heart
The Cardiovascular System:
Blood Vessels
maintain homeostasis?
General Sensation
What are the major differences between
the somatic and autonomic systems?
Special Senses: Vision
What is the functional anatomy of each
of the five special senses and how do
our perceptions of sensory inputs
overlap?
What is the composition and function of
blood tissue?
Special Senses: Hearing and
Equilibrium
Special Senses: Olfaction and
Taste
Blood
Anatomy of the Heart
How does the blood serve as a transport
vehicle for organs of the cardiovascular
system?
What is the structure and function of the
heart?
Anatomy of the Blood Vessels
Human Cardiovascular
Physiology
Chapter 14: The Autonomic
Nervous System
Chapter 15: Special Senses
Marieb, Exercise 22
Marieb, Exercise 23
Marieb, Exercise 24
Marieb, Exercise 25
Marieb, Exercise 26
Chapter 17: Blood
Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular
System: The Heart
Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular
System: Blood Vessels
Marieb, Exercise 29
Marieb, Exercise 30
Marieb, Exercise 32
Marieb, Exercise 33A
How does the heart work within the
cardiovascular system and the body as a
whole?
How do the structures and functions of
the blood vessels relate to the
circulatory pathways?
3
Time Frame: Third Grading Period
TOPICS/CONCEPTS
The Lymphatic System
The Immune System: Innate and
Adaptive Body Defenses
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS,
BENCHMARKS, AND SKILLS
What are the two semi-independent
parts of the lymphatic system?
ESSENTIAL TASKS,
STRATEGIES, PROJECTS,
CONNECTIONS
The Lymphatic System and
Immune Response
How does the lymphatic system play an
essential role in the body’s defense
mechanism and resistance to disease?
RECOMMENDED
RESOURCES AND
ASSESSMENT
Chapter 20: The Lymphatic
System
Chapter 21: The Immune
System: Innate and Adaptive
Body Defenses
Marieb, Exercise 35
The Respiratory System
The Respiratory System
Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body
Urinary System
How does the immune system operate
effectively to protect the body from
most infectious microorganisms, cancer
cells, and transported organs or grafts?
How are the respiratory and circulatory
systems coupled?
What two processes are the special
responsibilities of the respiratory
system?
How does the digestive system take in
food, break food down into nutrient
molecules, absorb the molecules into the
bloodstream, and rid the body of
indigestible remains?
How are foods digested and absorbed?
What happens to the foods once they
enter the blood?
What are the renal structures and
functions?
Anatomy of the Respiratory
System
Chapter 22: The
Respiratory System
Respiratory System Physiology
(optional if there is a spirometer)
Marieb, Exercise 36
Marieb, Exercise 37A
Anatomy of the Digestive
System
Chapter 22: The
Respiratory System
Marieb, Exercise 38
Anatomy of the Urinary System
Chapter 24: Nutrition,
Metabolism, and Body
Temperature
Regulation
Chapter 25: Urinary System
Marieb, Exercise 40
How do the kidneys perform excretory
functions that regulate the volume and
chemical makeup of the blood to
maintain proper homeostasis?
4
The Endocrine System
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Balance
The Reproductive System
Pregnancy and Human
Development
How does the endocrine system interact Anatomy of the Endocrine
with the nervous system to coordinate
System
and integrate the activity of body cells?
What is the composition and distribution
of fluids in the internal environment?
What are the roles in the various body
organs in establishing, regulating, and
altering the balance?
How do the male and female
reproductive organs produce offspring?
How does a single, fertilized egg grow
to become a complex human being?
Anatomy of the Reproductive
System
Physiology of Reproduction
Survey of Embryonic
Development
Chapter 16: The Endocrine
System
Chapter 26: Fluid, Electrolyte,
and Acid-Base Balance
Chapter 27: The Reproductive
System
Chapter 28: Pregnancy and
Human Development
Marieb, Exercise 42
Marieb, Exercise 42
Marieb, Exercise 44
5