Confidential Asian Science and Technology Pioneering Institutes of Research & Education Forum (ASPIRE), KAIST, 6 - 8 July 2011 Confidential Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential § § § § § § § § 1955 – Nanyang University ü 1980 – Merger with University of Singapore 1981 – Nanyang Technological Institute ü 1991 – Nanyang Technological University ü 2003 – Mandate to expand and build 3 new schools 2005 – 50th Anniversary Celebrations 2006 – Autonomous University 2007 – Provost and Four Colleges structure Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential v College of Engineering § Chemical and Biomedical Engineering § Civil and Environmental Engineering § Computer Engineering § Electrical and Electronic Engineering § Materials Science and Engineering § Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering v College of Business § Nanyang Business School Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential vCollege of Science § Biological Sciences § Physical and Mathematical Sciences vCollege of Humanities, Arts, & Social Sciences § Art, Design and Media § Wee Kim Wee Communication and Information § Humanities and Social Sciences Confidential Autonomous Institutes § § § ü S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies National Institute of Education Earth Observatory of Singapore Key Institutes/Centres ü§ Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute § Institute for Media Innovation ü§ Energy Research Institute @ NTU § § § § § § ü Institute of Sustainable Nanoelectronics Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technopreneurship Centre Cornell-Nanyang Institute of Hospitality Management Confucius Institute Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential ü ü ü Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 5 Confidential § From Rio to Cancun § Singapore’s Stance and Approaches § Sustainability Research in NTU - Energy Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential Rio Summit to Cancun Agreements Confidential Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential § Depletion of Fossil Resources ü § Surging of Energy Demand ü § Environment/Climate Change ü § Continue growth of world population (7.9 – 8.3B by 2030), with 4.75.0B will live in urban areas, about 53% increase from today § Climate change (too hot or too cold) incurs more energy use for cooling and heating § Harvesting energy from renewable sources remains costly and inefficient and also slow progress in deployment § Solving one problem entails another § Most pressing energy issue will be those related to off-grid applications § … Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential From Rio Earth Summit to Cancun Agreement (I) 1. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Rio Earth Summit, 1992), government officials from 178 countries discussed solutions for global problems: poverty, war, growing gap between industrialised & developing countries. In the centre was also the question of how to mitigate the global environmental system through introduction to the concept of sustainable development. 2. Kyoto Protocol, Japan (1997), is a protocol to United Nations Framework Convention on CC (UNFCCC), aims at fighting global warming with goal of achieving the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level of 450 ppm that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. It is a legally binding, whereby all the 37 participating countries had to commit themselves to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6), with an average reduction of 5.2% from 1990 levels by the year 2012. 3. Bali Action Plan, Indonesia (United Nations CC Conference, 2007) is a 2year process Road Map to finalize a binding agreement in 2009 in Copenhagen. It includes an action plan for Mitigation, Adaptation, Financing and Technology Development and Transfer. § Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential From Rio Earth Summit to Cancun Agreement (II) 4. Copenhagen Accord, Denmark (2009) Goals • To establish a global emission reduction pathway after 2012 • Developed countries to take commitments on deep emission cuts • Developing countries to provide actions on the emission reductions • Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) mechanism for emission reduction commitments and actions • Financial support from developed countries Proposed emission cuts by scientists – To limit the global temperature rise to 2oC by 2020 – Industrialized countries and economies in transition: 25-40% below the 1990 level in 2020 – Developing countries: 15-30% deviation from baseline in 2020 Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential From Rio Earth Summit to Cancun Agreement (III) 5. Cancun Agreements, Mexico (2010) The Agreements • represent key steps to reduce GHG and to help developing nations protect themselves from climate impacts and build their own sustainable futures. • form the basis for the largest collective effort to reduce emissions, in a mutually accountable way, with national plans captured formally at international level under the banner of the UNFCCC. • include the most comprehensive package ever agreed by Governments to help developing nations deal with climate change (such as finance, technology and capacity-building support) and to speed up their plans to adopt sustainable paths to low emission economies. • include a timely schedule for nations to review the progress they made towards their expressed objective and to review whether the objective needs to be strengthened in future. Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential Singapore’s energy and climate change policies are influenced mainly by economic considerations. The government will take pragmatic and cost-effective actions to reduce emissions and adopt clean energy, as long as the actions DOES NOT affect our economic growth or add to costs greatly. Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential Sustainability Government has committed S$1B over 5 years for… Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential Sustainability To build w • Green buildings • Urban greenery • Urban planning • Green Transportation • Intelligent Transport Systems Built Env. & City Mgmt Urban Mobility Clean Energy • Renewable energy • Intelligent grid management • Energy efficiency URBAN Urban Solutions SOLUTIONS • Telecommunications • Green IT • E-Government Infocom Tech Env. & Water Security • Public safety • Homeland security • Command and control systems Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential • Waste and water treatment • Pollution control • Carbon services Confidential ERI N § Official opening: 15 June 2010 § 65 participating professors § 17 commercial partnerships § 3 dedicated laboratories totaling 2500 sq. m. § 6 joint, international university partnerships § 17 joint research projects § 112 PHD & Masters students § 65 research fellows/ associates Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 15 Confidential Energy Research Institute Confidential Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential NTU 16 Confidential ERI N Centre for Sustainable Energy Research (CSER) § Wind / Marine Renewables § Energy Storage § Green & Smart Buildings § Fuel Cells v PhD-50, MS-20, RF/RA-40 Centre for Maritime Energy Research (CMER) § Green Ships § Green Ports v PhD-10, MS-7, RF/RA-10 Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Solar Energy & Solar Fuels Centre (SEFC) § Photovoltaics § Solar Thermal § Photocatalysis, Photoelectrochem conversions v PhD-15, MS-10, RF/RA-15 Centre for Electromobility w/ TUM § Energy Storage Systems § Embedded systems § E-Car Technology/ Infrastructure v PhD-50, MS-27, RF/RA-23 17 Confidential ERI N High Performance Computing Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 18 | Areas of Study Supercapacitors Confidential Performance-Ragone Plot Batteries Zn-MnO2 Vanadium redox Battery Range Lithium ion Metal-Air Zn-air Li-air Acceleration Applications Low Research power Institute @ NTU | Confidential Energy High power 19 Flywheel | PEMFC – Areas of Study Reduction of methanol cross-over (DAFC) Bipolar plates based on polymer nano-composites with conductive fillers Self hydrating of MEA with hygroscopic nano-silica Overcome flooding of cathode with silicone oil Non-Pt base catalyst for anode and cathode (HT-PEMFC) High performance inorganic proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMFC) Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Ultra-low Pt loading for anode and cathode by electro-deposition Multi-Physics modeling Embedded capacitor in cathode Confidential Confidential | SOFC – Areas of Study Solid oxide electrolyser cell for CO2 capture & conversion to fuels Direct hydrocarbon fueled SOFC cell and stack Sulphur tolerant anode High performance SOFC cell and stack Environmentally friendly aqueous based tape casting for large cell component fabrication Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Multi-Physics modeling | Areas of Study Confidential Power Supply Renewable Resources SP Services Solar PV Solar Thermal Power Supplier A Wind Turbines Power Supplier B Fuel Cells Main Research Areas: • Building-to-Grid Infrastructure Air Cooling • Green Building Management for the Tropics Heaters/Solar Heating Systems • Renewable Energy Harvesting for the Built Environment • Energy Efficient Cooling and Lighting Lights Building Management System Other Electrical Appliances Intelligent buildings Load Distributed Sensing, monitoring & control Thermal storage Computational techniques People-aware Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Adaptive Energy Storage Flywheels Battery Banks 22 Confidential | Green Building Components Greenery Facade High Performance Glazing Cool Roofs Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 23 Confidential | Testing Bedding Project Energy Market Authority (EMA), § § § § Q4/11: installation of ~1248 smart meters Q2/12: installation of data concentrator Q2-2012: Application software Test range of smart grid technologies to enhance the capabilities of Singapore’s power grid infrastructure. with Accenture: Intelligent Energy Distribution Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Courtesy: EMA 24 Confidential | Areas of Study Maritime Energy Research The Maritime Energy Research Program will: § Focus on research platforms that promote green, carbon-neutral, energy management solutions § Leverage activities within ERI@N and focus on system level solutions in the green shipping and green ports domain. Green Shipping Green Ports Alternate Energies, Clean Fuels Carbon capture, Emission Mgt. Energy Efficiency, Electrification Green Technologies Electric Propulsion Energy Management Systems Cold Ironing Port Energy Management MOU’s between: MPA & NTU, NTU & 7 industry partners Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 25 Confidential | Optimal Power Management for CleanClean-Power Tugboat Motivation § Tugboats using diesel engines that runs intermittently results in poor efficiency and substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Objective § To reduce GHG emission and the operating cost of tugboat through the use of green power source and optimization of power control Research Approach § Profile power demand for the different operations of a tugboat § Develop green power source solutions (Fuel cell, Vanadium Redox Batteries) and power optimization control solution. § Perform lab-test, followed by field test Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 26 Confidential | Areas of Study Materials & Coatings •Multifunctional coatings to mitigate surface degradation mechanisms • Enhance structural strength/ stiffness to weight through the use of advanced materials •Enhance adhesive strength and /or environmental resistance through advanced materials and surface modification Offshore Structure & Foundation Maximize structural stability and reliability while minimizing materials and installation costs through hydroaero-structural analysis Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Turbine Blade Optimize design of turbine blade while minimizing material cost through Computational & Structural Dynamics Exp. Aerodynamic and Fatigue Analysis Characterization Maximize windMaximize fatigue mechanical life & predictability energy conversion of rotor blades Electrical Systems, Controls, & Condition Monitoring •Maximize power availability through effective power distribution scheme, networked control system, condition monitoring, fault diagnostic and control . •Maximize mechanical-electrical energy conversion efficiency through advanced power electronics, generators, and control schemes. 27 | Research in Confidential Marine Renewable Device § § Development of marine energy harvesting device at the boardwalk linking Singapore and Sentosa Inland Challenges & Opportunity § § Low tidal stream speed Development and demonstration of innovative harvesting device suitable for low velocity flows – integrated current-wave device. Main Land Existing bridge Sentosa Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 28 Confidential | Electrifying Mobility v The development of electric cars is not done by just substituting the engine v All components of the car and its infrastructure have to be reconsidered and designed from scratch High-temperature Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell for powering air-conditioner Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential 29 Confidential TUM-CREATE Launch, MoU TUMSigning (15 Oct 2010) Industry Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Government Agencies Confidential | Fuel Cell Bus, Diesel and Solar Cars NTU-Tsinghua Univ Fuel Cell Bus for YOG 2010 (Singapore): Hybrid Fuel Cell (40kW) - Li Batteries power system; continuous power: fuel cell; peak power: fuel cell + battery NTU Solar (Electric) Car : Chassis, brakes, suspensions design, Drive train using Wheel-in-Hub motors, Carbon fibre composite, Battery System, Real-time telemetry, car diagnostics, road-ready wireless comms, CFD, finite element and dynamic analyses Nanyang Venture I Shell Eco Marathon Germany (May 2009). 2nd Prize in Safety, 4th place in EE Nanyang Venture II World Solar Challenge in Australia (Oct 2009) Darwin to Adelaide 3000km Nanyang Venture IV Batmobile – diesel powered Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Nanyang Venture III Grand Solar Prize in the Shell EcoEcomarathon Asia, Malaysia (Jul 2010) 31 Confidential Sustainability Semakau Eco Park Semakau Island/landfill (70 ha) is located about 8km away from mainland Singapore. Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Confidential Test-bedding Site: Semakau Landfill Solar Energy Renewable Energy Solar PV Wind Turbine Marine Turbine Solar Still for Freshwater generation from Seawater Smart Hybrid Isolated Grid Regenerative Fuel Cell Power System Cultivation of Sugar Cane for Biofuel & Rainwater Collection Diesel Generator (Biofuel Application) Diesel Generator (Improve Efficiency) Fresh Water Generation Biofuel Research GHG Reduction (Diesel Generator) Current Status: Active discussion with companies and NEA Confidential Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential Background Picture: Photo Courtesy from NEA Confidential Energy Research Institute @ NTU | Confidential