BIOLOGY 4512WA
PLANT PROPAGATION
WINTER 2014
Dr. Peter Lee
Printed January 22, 2014. Fixed broken links in Lab 3, Grafting
Contents
About the cover
6
Lecture schedule for 2014
8
Laboratory schedule for 2014
9
Mark allocation
10
Due dates
13
General Introduction
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1 Propagation Facilities and Tools of the Trade
1.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.1 Sanitization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.2 Propagation media . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.3 Tools of the trade . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.4 Watering techniques . . . . . . . . . .
1.4.5 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.6 Fact sheet assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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2 Propagation Media and Stem Cuttings
2.1 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4.1 Set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Contents
2.5
2.4.2 Take-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3 Grafting Techniques
3.1 Objectives . . . .
3.2 Introduction . . .
3.3 Materials . . . .
3.4 Methods . . . . .
3.5 Report . . . . . .
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4 Propagation by Air Layering
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . .
4.2 Materials . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Precautions . . . . . . . .
4.4 Methods . . . . . . . . . .
4.5 Report . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Determining Soil Toxicity
5.1 Objectives . . . . . . .
5.2 Introduction . . . . . .
5.3 Materials . . . . . . .
5.4 Methods . . . . . . . .
5.5 Useful Tips . . . . . .
5.6 Report . . . . . . . . .
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6 Determining Some Basic Soil Parameters
6.1 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4.1 Part 1: General chemistry . . . . .
6.4.2 Part 2: Soil extractions . . . . . . .
6.5 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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7 Micropropagation (Tissue culturing)
7.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.3 General Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.4 Experiment 1–Surface Disinfestation of Vegetative Tissue
Plant Propagation (BIOL 4512)
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Winter 2014
Contents
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
5
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Experiment 2–Establishment of proliferating shoot cultures
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Propagation via Seeds
8.1 Objectives . . . . . .
8.2 Introduction . . . . .
8.3 Materials . . . . . .
8.4 Method . . . . . . .
8.5 Report . . . . . . . .
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9 Facilitated Poster Presentation
9.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . .
9.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . .
9.3 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.3.1 Title and Authors . . .
9.3.2 Aim/Objective . . . .
9.3.3 Introduction . . . . . .
9.3.4 Optional Headings . .
9.4 More Useful Advice . . . . .
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10 Tour of Commercial Greenhouse
10.1 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . .
10.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.4 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.5 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.6 Course Comments . . . . . . . .
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Acronyms
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Bibliography
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Winter 2014
Plant Propagation (BIOL 4512)
About the cover
Class of 2014 successfully air layering a Ficus sp.
Acknowledgments
Growth chambers, glassware, soil analysis, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and technical assistance are provided to students courtesy of Lakehead University Environmental Laboratory (LUEL). LUEL is an ISO17025 laboratory accredited by the Canadian Association for
Laboratory Accreditation Inc. (CALA). For more information about the lab you can visit their
website at http://lucas.lakeheadu.ca/luel/. Job opportunities in the lab may be available through
Dr. Lee’s research funding or the Lakehead University Work Study Program. If interested, drop
a resume off to CB3022 any time!
Lecture schedule for 2014
Classes begin
Week 1
January 6
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Introduction to and History of Plant Propa- January 6
gation
Propagation Environment; Biology of Prop- January 13
agation
Propagation Environment; Grafting
January 20
Soil Characteristics and Plant Nutrition
January 27
Test 1 and Propagation by Cuttings
February 3
Propagation Techniques-cuttings, layering
February 10
Mid-year Study Week
NO CLASSES
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Micropropagation Principles
February 24
Micropropagation Techniques and Test 2
March 3
Seed Production and Propagation Principles March 10
Seed Production and Propagation Tech- March 17
niques
Vegetative Propagation Techniques-bulbs, March 24
corms, tubers, rhizomes and Test 3
Commercial Tour of Greenhouse
March 31
Week 2
Week 11
Week 12
Last day of classes
Examination period
February 17
April 4
April 7–17
Laboratory schedule for 2014
Classes begin
Lab 1
Lab 2
Lab 3 & Lab 4
Lab 5–setup; Quiz 1
Lab 2–take down
Lab 6
Lab 5–take down
Mid-year Study Week
Lab 7–start; Quiz 2
Lab 7-con’t
Lab 8—start
Lab 9–PRESENTATIONS
Lab 7 & Lab 8–end
Lab 8-end; Lab 3, 4-end
Lab 10; Quiz 3
Lab books
Last day of classes
Official examination period
January 6
Intro and Facilities Tour
Substrates and Cuttings
Grafting & Air Layering
Soil Toxicity
Substrates and Cuttings
Soil Chemistry
Soil Toxicity and Chemistry
January 8
January 15
January 22
January 29
January 29
February 5
February 12
NO CLASSES
Feb 17–21
Micropropagation/Tissue culture
Micropropagation/Tissue culture
Seed treatments
Facilitated Poster
Micropropagation/Tissue culture
Graft, air layer, seeds
Tour of commercial greenhouse
Random evaluations
February 26
March 5
March 12
March 19
March 26
March 19–31
April 2
ANY LAB DAY!
April 4
April 7–17
Mark allocation
Break down of marks for this course are as follows:
LABORATORY
LECTURE
50%
50%
COURSE TOTAL
100%
The lecture component will be evaluated as follows:
Term Test 1
Term Test 2
Term Test 3
Facilitated Poster
10%
10%
10%
20%
All term tests will be written during class (dates to be determined).
The facilitated poster presentation must involve some scientific aspect of plant propagation
that is of regional interest to local populations and/or issues in northwestern Ontario. Your proposal or “pitch” for the region MUST be realistic and commercially viable. Presentations are
conducted by groups of students. Consult with Dr. Lee concerning potential topics BEFORE
starting. Basically, you are to create a poster on your proposal and orally present the information
to the class and guest judges. Your ability to disseminate information now will prepare you for
future student poster competitions at conferences! Further details are presented in Lab 9. A
marking rubric will be posted on Desire to Learn (D2L).
The laboratory component will be evaluated as follows:
Assignment
5%
Formal Lab Reports 30%
Quizzes
5%
Lab Notebook
10%
Contents
11
Assignment 1 will be marked on a rubric posted on D2L. You will create a one page factsheet
on a randomly drawn plant/greenhouse pest or disease. Students are to include references on a
separate page. You should follow the referencing format used in the Canadian Journal of Plant
Sciences (see the instructions for authors page), although some modifications are allowed. See
Section 1.6 and D2L for additional submission information.
Formal laboratory reports are required for Propagation Media and Stem Cuttings (Lab 2),
Soil Toxicity and Soil Chemistry (Lab 5 and Lab 6, combine data) and Seed Treatments
(Lab 8). Marking rubrics for lab reports will be posted on D2L. Keep your reports short and
to the point! Students should closely follow the scientific method; ask a question or propose a
hypothesis, test it, present your findings (data) and discuss their implications. Lab reports are to
be typed and formatted as per the Canadian Journal of Plant Science, converted to PDF format
and submitted electronically. This includes line numbering! Use headings and sub-headings as
required (e.g. Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion). Label all figures and tables and be
sure to reference them in the body of your report. Remember, figure captions are on the bottom,
table captions are on the top. DO NOT use vertical lines in tables and reserve horizontal lines
for top and bottom rules and header rows. Figures and tables may be embedded in the text or
placed at the end as per journal guidelines. Please consult scientific journals and review some
peer reviewed literature for further writing style conventions. Additional information is provided
in the Report Format Section below. “Writing coaches” may be available through the library.
There will be a few quizzes throughout the term. These will be on materials found in this
laboratory manual AND on materials posted to D2L deemed relevant to the lab. Quizzes are
designed to test your knowledge of lab concepts BEFORE the lab takes place. Ideally, you
should review all labs in this manual before coming to lab!
Quiz 1 will concern the Soil Toxicity Lab (Lab 5). You should review the Environmental
Protection Series document (EPS, 2005) so you understand the test procedures and some basic
terminology. Quiz 2 will concern the techniques involved with micropropagation (Lab 7). You
should review your textbook and lecture materials in addition to this lab manual. Quiz 3 will
concern the tour of a commercial greenhouse (Lab 10). You MUST attend the tour to receive
full credit for the quiz. The delivery of the quizzes may occur during the actual lab time slot or
may be distributed via D2L.
You require a hard covered lab notebook BEFORE Lab 1. There may be some free ones available during the first lecture (first come first serve), otherwise they are available in the bookstore.
Prepare your lab book by first numbering each page. Never remove pages of a lab notebook! Lab
notebooks will be marked for completeness of observations and answers to questions posed in
the text of this manual. Students are encouraged to read lab instructions and research techniques
in advance, jotting notes in their books. Inclusion of tables and simple sketches are encouraged.
Winter 2014
Plant Propagation (BIOL 4512)
12
Contents
Lab notebooks will be randomly assessed throughout the term; YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE
PRIOR NOTICE OF LAB BOOK EVALUATIONS, so bring your lab book to every lab!
Late assignments and lab reports are subject to a 10% penalty per day (including weekends)!
Assignments and laboratories are due by the date posted in the lab manual. An exact time will
be indicated by the Teaching Assistant and/or in D2L (usually 11:59 pm). The system will allow
you to submit late, but you will still be assessed the late penalty.
Plant Propagation (BIOL 4512)
Winter 2014
Assignment, Report, Term Test and
Quiz Due Dates
Assignment 1 (Common Pests and Diseases; Section 1.6)
Quiz 1 (Pre-lab soil toxicity Lab 5)
Term Test 1
Lab Report 1 (Substrates and Root Cuttings Lab 2)
Quiz 2 (Micropropagation Lab 7)
Term Test 2
Lab Report 2 (Soil Chemistry and Toxicity- Labs 5-6)
Presentations
Term Test 3
Lab Report 3 (Seed Treatments-Lab 8)
Quiz 3 (Post Lab 10)
Lab notebook
January 22
January 29
February 5
February 12
March 5
March 5
March 12
March 19
March 31
April 4
April 9
Any lab period