Rooley Moor Wind Farm Environmental Statement
Appendix 4.2: Borrow Pit Report
ROOLEY MOOR WIND FARM
Borrow Pit Report
Coronation Power
Job No JU095
R004
July 2014
Donaldson Associates Ltd
Eastfield
Church Street
Uttoxeter
Staffordshire
ST14 8AA
ROOLEY MOOR WIND FARM
Borrow Pit Report
Coronation Power
Job No JU095
R004
July 2014
Date
Revision
Pages
Appendices
Originator
Check
Approved
17.06.14
B01
1 - 16
A-B
DJL
WT
WT
01.07.14
B02
1 - 16
A-B
DJL
WT
WT
18.08.14
B03
1 - 16
A-B
DJL
DW
WT
Donaldson Associates Ltd
Eastfield
Church Street
Uttoxeter
Staffordshire
ST14 8AA
Donaldson Associates Limited
Rooley Moor Wind Farm
Borrow Pit Report
Coronation Power
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1 2.0 SOURCES OF INFORMATION
3
3.0
SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
4 4.0 GROUND MODEL
6 5.0 BORROW PITS
9 6.0 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
15 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1: SOURCES OF INFORMATION
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A SITE LAYOUT AND BORROW PIT LOCATION PLAN (JU095 - 023) APPENDIX B BORROW PIT DRAWINGS (JU095 - 021 & 022)
3 Donaldson Associates Limited
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1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Project Summary
1.1.1
Donaldson Associates Limited (DAL) was commissioned by Coronation Power Ltd
to undertake a borrow pit study for the proposed Rooley Moor Wind Farm
development in Lancashire.
1.1.2
The scheme is currently at concept design stage.
1.1.3
The proposed wind farm comprises 12No. turbines with a combined capacity of up
to approximately 39.6MW, access tracks, a sub-station building, and a permanent
anemometry mast.
1.1.4
Having estimated the amount of required crushed stone for the construction of the
development on site, borrow pits can be designed to produce the required stone
volume without the need to import stone from off-site sources, thus reducing
construction traffic volume.
1.1.5
The crushed stone requirement calculated is based on a conceptual track design
and wind farm layout only, which will be subject to change following any layout
revisions and amendments at detailed design stage and following planning
approval. The design has been undertaken without benefit of detailed
topographical survey or ground investigation and is therefore approximate.
1.1.6
This report identifies the proposed borrow pit locations, their anticipated profile and
volume of rock achievable. However this is only a conceptual design and the results
of further detailed topographic and ground investigation surveys will result in the
confirmation of actual rock quality and amendment to the borrow pit profile, to
achieve the required rock volume.
1.1.7
The predominant sandstone bedrock of the site is characteristically interbedded
with less suitable mudstone and thinly laminated siltstone and therefore allowances
have been made in the borrow pit design and volume calculations for the extraction
of surplus material which will not be used in the development.
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1.2
Objective
1.2.1
The objective of this report is to identify suitable borrow pit locations and present a
conceptual design of each borrow pit indicating the stone volumes to be extracted
at each location.
1.2.2
Each borrow pit design will present the amount of stone to be obtained but also the
approximate overburden strip required and subsequent restoration profile on
completion of construction.
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2.0
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
2.1
The following sources of information were used in assessing the site and borrow
pit proposals:
Table 1: Sources of Information
Sources of Information
British Geological Survey
Aerial and satellite photography
British Geological Survey
Ordnance Survey
SKM Enviros
SKM Enviros
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Details
Date
1:10,000 Scale
Geological Sheet
Sheet SD81NE for
Whitworth
2007
Web based
2014
Website; www.bgs.ac.uk
online data (GeoIndex)
Historical Mapping centred
on NGR: 385718, 418709 &
385768, 416239
Rooley Moor Wind Farm:
Mining Risk Assessment
Report
Constraints Analysis – Peat
Depth Contour Plan
3
2014
1851 - 2012
2012
2012
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3.0
SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
3.1
Site Location and Setting
3.1.1
The site is located approximately 2km northwest of the centre of Rochdale and
approximately 4km south of Bacup and Rawtenstall Lancashire. The site is
elongated in shape following the ridgeline upon which the Rooley Moor Road public
bridleway travels between Rochdale and Rawtenstall, orientated north-northwest
to south-southeast. The site is approximately 4km2 in area and centred on
Ordnance Survey (OS) National Grid Reference (NGR) SD 861 174, with the site
area extending over 4.5km from north to south and over 1.5km west to east at its
maximum extents.
3.1.2
The elevations of the site range from approximately 275m AOD in the far south of
the site to over 470m AOD in the far north, on the flanks of Top of Leach (474m
AOD).
3.1.3
The site is bounded predominantly by adjacent moorland grazing / heath land. The
Naden and Greenbooth Reservoirs lie to the west of the southern half of the site,
with Spring Mill Reservoir to the east. Cowpe Reservoir lies beyond the northwestern site boundary and the operational Scout Moor Wind Farm is located to the
immediate west also.
3.1.3
The majority of the site limits are defined by existing field boundaries and
watercourses with the exception of the central western area and the far northeast.
3.1.4
The active Britannia Quarries lie to the northeast, extracting from the Rough Rock
Sandstone and Haslingden Flags (Millstone Grit Group -see Section 4.1.). A
number of disused quarries lie within the site boundary also which include the
larger Ding Quarry in the northwest of the site, the Bagden Quarry in the central
east area of the site and the Pink Brow and Cat Stones quarries in the south which
all extracted sandstone from the Millstone Grit Group and Coal Measures Group.
3.1.5
Both underground and surface coal mining is known to have been undertaken on
the site with numerous mining features visible on the surface; including disused
mine entries (shafts and adits) and areas of colliery spoil. The previous mining
history of the site is discussed further in Section 4.5.
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3.2
Site Reconnaissance
3.2.1
A number of site visits have been undertaken as part of the geotechnical
assessment and conceptual design processes between January and March 2014.
During these walkovers the existing quarry sites and other rock exposures were
examined as well as the recording of additional peat probe data. Possible new
borrow pit locations were explored as well as assessing the possibility of expanding
a number of former, now disused, quarries on site.
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4.0
GROUND MODEL
4.1
Solid Geology
4.1.1
Information from the British Geological Survey (BGS) particularly their 2007,
1:10,000 scale map, Sheet SD81NE for Whitworth, confirm that the underlying
geology of the site comprises shallow dipping strata of the Upper Carboniferous
(320-290Ma) Millstone Grit Group; characterised by thick sandstone beds,
interbedded with siltstone, mudstone and rare coal, and the Pennine Lower Coal
Measures Formation (Pennine Coal Measures Group), characterised by
interbedded mudstone, siltstone and sandstone with numerous coal bands.
4.1.2
The Coal Measures strata comprises; exposed from south the north - the Darwen
Flags (fine grained, thinly bedded sandstone), the Milnrow Sandstone (medium
grained, cross bedded sandstone), the Helpet Edge Rock (fine to coarse grained,
cross laminated and thickly bedded sandstone), the Great Arc Sandstone (fine
grained, cross bedded sandstone), Gannister Rock (fine grained, micaceous
sandstone) and the Woodhead Hill Rock (fine to medium grained, medium bedded
sandstone).
4.1.3
The Coal Measures beds dominate the southern half of the site and fault action
has resulted in this succession being exposed again in the most northern part of
the site also, separated by the Millstone Grit (interbedded named sandstone,
siltstone and mudstone), with identified beds of the Rough Rock (coarse grained,
cross bedded sandstone) and the Upper Haslingden Flags (fine grained sandstone
interbedded with sandy siltstone), which is present over the majority of the northern
half of the site.
4.1.4
The bedrock on the site is unknown in terms of its material properties and would
require further assessment of its suitability for use as engineering material at the
site, although the extraction history of the site is a positive indicator. The
interbedded nature of the bedrock indicates a variable overall composition and a
significant proportion of this material may not be suitable for a track surfacing
application, for example where thick bands of finer grained mudstone is present.
For the above reasons, a 100% volume increase has been applied to the volume
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of stone estimated to be required for the development to that used to calculate the
borrow pit volumes.
4.2
Drift Geology
4.2.1
The BGS identify only limited superficial geology over the site, with peat deposits
being most prominent in the northern half of the site. Glacial till is also identified in
the lower lying areas beyond the southern site boundary.
4.2.2
The peat probe surveys undertaken by SKM and supplemented by DAL’s own
probing during the walkover; presents results which generally collaborate with the
mapped peat deposits, in that the majority of significant peat is confined to the
higher elevations in the north of the site.
4.3
Structural Geology
4.3.1
There are a number of northwest – southeast orientated faults which cross the site
with downthrows to the northeast and southwest. These have resulted in a large
up-thrown area of the older millstone Grit strata being located between the younger
Coal Measures strata in the northern half of the site.
4.3.2
There is also a singular northeast – southwest trending fault, with a south-easterly
down-throw crossing between two larger, northwest – southeast trending faults
near the site’s centre.
4.3.3
The bedrock dips to the south by up to 10 degrees and is sub-horizontal in some
areas.
4.4
Outcrops
4.4.1
There are numerous rock exposures within the site, those of sandstone being more
numerous due to the more massive bedded nature and the resistance to
weathering when compared to mudstone. The bedrock is exposed not only in
previous quarry sites but natural sandstone bedrock exposures have been utilised
along un-surfaced sections on the route of the Rooley Moor Road.
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4.5
Extraction History
4.5.1
The site shows significant evidence of stone extraction with quarries of various
scale scattered around the site. There are workings from at least two coal seams
beneath the site with a number of underground coal mine entries and areas of spoil
tipping within the site boundary also. Historically the surrounding area of the site
has been exploited for quarried stone and coal.
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5.0
BORROW PITS
5.1
Overview
5.1.1
A significant volume of stone is required for the Development. The geology of the
site indicates that borrow pits proposed for use in the construction of the
Development could potentially be adequate for all potential rock fill required for
access tracks, including their finishing surface, hardstandings and up-fill beneath
turbine bases where required. This will be confirmed following (i) ground
investigation of the site and borrow pit locations and, (ii) detailed design of the
project.
5.1.2
The estimated calculations for the rock volume required take into account the main
site access roads, smaller access roads (including those for borrow pit access and
met mast), rock up-fill at gravity turbine foundations, construction and sub-station
compounds and crane hardstandings. The volumes were determined using the
Development layout presented on drawing JU095– 023 (Appendix A) and also
takes into account the stone volume obtained from other necessary excavations,
such as at the construction compound location.
5.1.3
The difference between the density of placed and compacted crushed stone
(20kN/m3) and in situ rock density (approximately 25kN/m3) indicates that there will
be 25% bulking between original rock and placed volume, this would theoretically
reduce the borrow volume to 40,000m3. Due to conceptual nature of the design
and the size of the development it is considered that a more conservative approach
is adopted and therefore, it is assumed that the 50,000m3 is required and when
applying the 100% volume increase to allow for processing losses this equates to
a volume requirement of 100,000m3.
5.1.4
Through site visits and analysing of pre-existing data and documents, including
topography, geology, peat depth and stability, and overall superficial cover;
potential borrow pit locations were determined. Two potential areas of extraction
were investigated with volume calculations and borrow pit sections undertaken for
both locations.
5.1.5
An assumed 0.75m thickness of superficial cover was included in the borrow pit
design, based on site visit records and the peat probing results. The exact volume
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and quality of rock available cannot be confirmed until a topographic survey and
ground investigation has taken place.
5.1.6
The borrow pits are designed so their excavation does not adversely affect any
adjacent infrastructure, particularly the stability of Rooley Moor Road and other site
tracks.
5.1.7
During their excavation the disturbance to users of Rooley Moor Road must be
considered and measures implemented to reduce the effect of noise and dust to
those users by way of optimising the extraction methods e.g. mechanical ripping
instead of blasting, the use of silenced vehicles and processing equipment and
constructing earth bunds and / or debris / dust fences.
5.1.8
Measures must be employed to prevent waste material from the borrow pits
entering adjacent watercourses. The borrow pits will be designed with a front wall,
lip or bund on their outer edge to prevent any surface water run-off from the borrow
pit fouling the watercourses.
5.1.9
It is recommended that a suitable drainage scheme, in line with the requirements
set out in the Environmental Statement, is designed and installed for each borrow
pit. Space for a drainage scheme has been accommodated within the designed
borrow pit area (the location of the borrow pit area is shown indicatively as dashed
area on borrow pit drawings in Appendix B), either within the extents or on the
periphery of the excavated pit. It is expected that suitable drainage methods such
as filter strips, swales, filter drains, and settlement ponds, be combined and an
attenuation system provided to manage surface water run-off. This water could
then be discharged under a consented licence following robust settling, clarification
and testing processes.
5.1.10
The borrow pit site area is larger than the borrow pits to facilitate working space
and storage of overburden until it can be used in subsequent borrow pit
reinstatement.
5.1.11
Borrow pits will be reinstated with surplus excavated material to provide a more
aesthetic appearance and prevent any unstable and steep rock faces. Complete
infilling of borrow pits should be undertaken only under controlled conditions as
loose or unstable infill can pose a risk to walkers and animal life. Borrow pit filling
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will be controlled and engineered to minimise the risk of future excessive settlement
or instability of the fill.
5.1.12
Excavated peat may be used in borrow pit restoration, dependent on the final
restoration profiles and the ground conditions around each borrow pit location,
which will be confirmed in the peat management plan. The use of unconsolidated
peat will be limited to a maximum depth of 1m which will aid landscaping purposes,
but the final design will also consider the stability of the placed peat to ensure there
are no residual risks resulting from peat slides.
5.1.13
The following sections describe each proposed borrow pit in turn.
5.2
Borrow Pit 1
5.2.1
Overview
5.2.1.1
Borrow Pit 1 is located in the south of the site, close to the entrance, on the eastern
flank of Rooley Moor Road, approximately 9m from the road edge. The proposed
borrow pit location is an extension of the former Cat Stones Quarry and lies
immediately adjacent to the main site access track (along Rooley Moor Road)
allowing simple access (See drawing JU095 – 021, Appendix B).
5.2.2
Geology
5.2.2.1
The potential borrow pit location geology comprises fine to coarse grained, cross
laminated to thickly bedded sandstone of the Helpet Edge Rock formation.
5.2.3
Hydrology
5.2.3.1
The proposed borrow pit lies approximately 0.7km west of the Spring Mill Reservoir
and 0.8m northwest of the smaller Prickshaw Reservoir. Small un-named
watercourses feed directly to these water-bodies from an area immediately
adjacent to the proposed borrow pit site. Specific drainage measures will have to
be employed to retain any borrow pit waste to within the consented borrow pit
boundary.
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5.2.4
Peat / Superficial Cover
5.2.4.1
The results of the peat probing survey in this area indicates that the peat and
superficial cover in this location appears to be less than 0.50m. However isolated
deeper pockets of peat may still be present and there is also the chance of
disturbed bedrock and overburden material being present as a remnant of the
previous quarry workings. An assumed overall superficial material cover and likely
zone of weathered bedrock near the surface of 0.75m thickness in total has been
adopted in the borrow pit design and volume calculations.
5.2.5
Topography
5.2.5.1
Topography in this area provides natural cover to reduce effects on residential
properties and primary landscape and visual viewpoints to the north. south and
west. Although likely to be visible from this direction, there is a separation of the
borrow pit from properties to the east of approximately 1km.
5.2.6
Summary
5.2.6.1
The location should be capable of a borrow pit producing up to 40,000m³ of rock;
this could be achieved by a 250 by 68m excavation (average dimensions) with a
typical maximum excavation depth of 3.5m. Effects on residential properties would
be negligible due to separation distance and natural topographic cover. The
formation of the borrow pit would be integrated into the development of the main
access track. Overburden stripped from the area of the borrow pit excavation will
be temporarily stored adjacent to the borrow pit or at a designated temporary
storage area before being used in reinstatement of the borrow pit.
5.3
Borrow Pit 2
5.3.1
Overview
5.3.1.1
Borrow Pit 2 is located along a proposed temporary section of access track on the
eastern side of Rooley Moor Road (approximately 300m east of Rooley Moor
Road), in the centre of the site, between Bagden Hillocks and the disused Bagden
Quarry to the east. The proposed borrow pit location lies immediately adjacent to
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the temporary access track, approximately 10m away, allowing simple access (See
drawing JU095 – 022, Appendix B).
5.3.2
Geology
5.3.2.1
The geology at the potential borrow pit location comprises Millstone Grit lithology
(interbedded sandstone, siltstone and mudstone) as well identified beds of the
Rough Rock Sandstone (coarse grained sandstone) and the Upper Haslingden
Flags (fine grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone). The strata of the borrow
pit area dip gently ( approx. 3 degrees) to the southeast. The northeast – southwest
trending fault described in Section 4.3 lies at the north-western corner of the
proposed borrow pit and the borrow pit’s proximity to the fault may reveal the fault
fracture zone on excavation.
5.3.3
Hydrology
5.3.3.1
A number of small un-named minor watercourses lie to the east and south east of
the proposed borrow pit location, which eventually converge in Fern Isle Brook
which flows into Prickshaw Brook before this watercourse flows into Spring Mill
Reservoir to the southeast. Specific drainage measures will have to be employed
to retain any borrow pit waste to within the consented borrow pit boundary to avoid
waste and debris flowing down slope into the sensitive watercourse.
5.3.4
Peat / Superficial Cover
5.3.4.1
The results of the peat probing survey in this area indicates that the peat and
superficial cover in this location appears to be less than 0.5m. However isolated
deeper pockets of peat may still be present and there is also the chance of
disturbed bedrock and overburden material being present as a remnant of the
previous quarry workings. An assumed overall superficial material cover and likely
zone of weathered bedrock near the surface of 0.75m thickness in total has been
adopted in the borrow pit design and volume calculations.
5.3.5
Topography
5.3.5.1
Topography in this area provides natural cover to reduce effects on residential
properties and primary landscape and visual viewpoints to the north, west and
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south. Although likely to be visible from this direction, there is a separation of the
borrow pit from properties to the southeast of approximately 1km.
5.3.6
Summary
5.3.6.1
The location should be capable of a borrow pit producing up to 60,000m³ of rock;
this could be achieved by a 137 x 105m benched excavation (average dimensions)
with a typical maximum excavation depth of just over 7m. Due to the size of the
excavation and the topography, the excavation will be benched with two levels to
achieve the required volume of stone without one excessively deep face. Effects
on residential properties would be negligible due to separation distance and natural
topographic cover. The formation of the borrow pit would be integrated into the
development of the main access road. Overburden stripped from the area of the
borrow pit excavation will be temporarily stored adjacent to the borrow pit, before
being used in the borrow pit reinstatement.
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6.0
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1
Conclusions
6.1.1
Published sources and the site walkover confirm that the majority of the site and
the location of each of the borrow pits is underlain by the Upper Carboniferous
Millstone Grit Group and the Pennine Coal Measures Group, characterised by
interbedded sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and coal seams. The bedrock geology
at each borrow pit site is overlain by a mixture of peat, residual soil and weathered
bedrock.
6.1.2
Varying depths of peat and peaty soil deposits are present over the site, with some
isolated areas having depths greater than 2m.
6.1.3
The bedrock on the site is unknown in its definitive quantity and properties;
however; visual examination on site of available exposures and the extraction
history of the site indicates that the majority of the bedrock may be of suitable
quality for use as engineering fill on the wind farm development and for use in site
track construction.
6.1.4
There may be significant bands or beds of unsuitable finer grained mudstone or
shale, interbedded with the more favoured medium to thickly bedded sandstone
and for this reason a generous 100% volume increase has been applied to the
volume of stone estimated to be required for the development to that used to
calculate the borrow pit volumes. Until a ground investigation and topographic
survey is complete there are risks associates with stone quality and available
volume.
6.1.5
An estimated 21,600m3 of unsuitable overburden, including peat, will be produced
in the development of the borrow pits. This overburden will be temporarily stored
on site adjacent to the borrow pits prior to its use in the restoration of the borrow
pits on completion of construction.
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6.2
Recommendations
6.2.1
It is recommended that a comprehensive ground investigation is undertaken prior
to development to confirm the ground conditions over the site, including the nature
and thickness of the superficial cover along with the weathering state and strength
of the bedrock for both foundation assessment and borrow pit suitability.
6.2.2
A detailed topographic survey of the proposed infrastructure locations, including
the borrow pit sites will complement the detailed topographic survey of the track
layout already obtained. The detailed design of the borrow pits can then be
undertaken following detailed cut and fill design, which will provide the actual stone
volumes required for the development.
6.2.3
The achievable rock volumes from each borrow pit can then be confirmed. Until a
detailed design of earthworks and site infrastructure is undertaken, there are risks
associated with required stone quantity.
6.2.4
Consideration must be given at detailed design stage and within the construction
stage method statements to the stability of the borrow pits and the overburden
storage areas with regard to bedrock, slope and peat stability. Management of the
excavations and placement of material must be undertaken and some temporary
works may be required prior to use and a safe working distance from the Rooley
Moor Road maintained at all times.
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APPENDICES
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Appendix A
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Site Layout and Borrow Pit Location Plan
Path
)
(um
440
LE
Y
Top of Leach
MO
OR
RO
AD
0
45
440
Direction Indicator
0
44
44
0
44
0
RO
O
Boundary Stone
um
th (
Pa
)
Shaft
(disused)
d
Un
BS
BS
Boro Const Bdy
Bdy
Co Const & Met Dist
0
46
460
460
d
Un
440
450
Und
)
Path (um)
Red Pits
440
440
44
y
W
Bd
yF
nst
Bd
Co
ist
ro
Bo
et D
&M
nst
Co
0
Co
44
0
ac
Tr
k
Refuse Tip
Tr
ac
k
Hamer Hill
FW
ro
Bo
Co
n
Co
y
t
ns
&
LEY
Bd
Co
st
ROO
430
M
D
et
MOO
ist
Bd
R RO
y
420
AD
Def
FW
400
De
f
Tra
ck
0
40
Pa
th
410
(um
)
FW
Clegg Ding
380
37
0
410
Bagden Hillocks
Bagden Hillocks
Bagden Hillocks
Rooley Moor Brow
360
RO
E
OL
40
Y
0
OR
MO
0
39
Tra
ck
AD
RO
um
th (
Pa
)
FW
Co
Boro Const & M
Const
e
Bdy t Dist Bd
y
0
38
37
0
Path (um)
(um)
D
ROA
Prickshaw Slack
Path
OR
MO
380
LEY
ROO
390
Windy Hillock
Naden Head
Wa
rd
0
Co
0
39
Con
3
st &
90
Path (um)
Reddyshore Top
SP
)
(um
Bdy
th
Pa
Top of Pike
Revision Description
Rev.
Drn Chkd Appd. Date
Status:
Higher
Croft
Hole
380
Refuse Tip
0
38
Cat Stones
Refuse Tip
Pike Brow Quarry
(disused)
Refuse Tip
CR
Refuse Tip
370
360
Reddyshore
Pike Brow
Cat Stones Quarry
(disused)
Path (u
0
m)
Track
350
35
Client:
(um
)
Warm Slack Hill
Path
340
Pa
th
(um
)
Pa
um
)
330
Path (um)
320
Project:
Whimsy Hill
CR
EY
OL
RO
MO
320
C
o
C
on
st
&
W
AD
ar
d
RO
Bd
OR
y
0
32
Pa
th
(um
0
30
)
300
0
31
31
0
Trac
k
CJBH
WT
DJL
JULY'14
A1
WT
29
L
ET
0
Forsyth Brow
L
ET
Track
1:5000
28
0
Bottom of Rooley Moor
0
th
(
28
36
0
0
39
(um
430
Pa
th
Pa
th
(um
)
Cattle Grid
Turnshaw Hill
2
70
JU095-023
B
Donaldson Associates Limited
Rooley Moor Wind Farm
Borrow Pit Report
Coronation Power
Appendix B
JU095/Reports/R004 Borrow Pit Report B02
Borrow Pit Drawings
FW
De
f
Path
(um
)
410
Pa
th
(um
)
FW
Trac
k
400
380
Bagden Hillocks
410
Bagden Hillocks
Bagden Hillocks
Rooley Moor Brow
EY
OL
RO
MO
OR
AD
RO
400
39
0
Trac
k
Bagden Hillocks
380
Bagden Hillocks
Bagden Hillocks
EY
OL
RO
OR
MO
0
AD
RO
40
B
A
O
Revision Description
Rev.
Drn Chkd Appd.Date
Tra
ck
Status:
Client:
Project:
TKH
DJL
WT
JUNE 2014
A3
WT
AS SHOWN
JU095-022
B