TEACHER’S CLUB EXAMS
GRADE 11
LIFE SCIENCES:
Half-year exam
MARKS: 150
TIME: 2½ hours
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
Read the instructions carefully before answering the questions.
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Start the answer to each question at the top of a NEW page.
3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used
in this question paper.
4. Write neatly and legibly.
5. If you do NOT present the answers according to the instructions of
each question, you will lose marks.
6. Do ALL drawings in pencil and label them in blue or black ink.
7. Only draw diagrams or flow charts when you are requested to do so.
8. The diagrams in this question paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.
9. You are NOT allowed to use graph paper.
10. You may use protractors, compasses and non-programmable calculators.
Section A
Question 1
Question 1.1
Various possible answers are provided for each question. Write only the letter
for the correct answer next to the corresponding number.
1.1.1
Blood type O recipients can receive blood from …
A only blood type O and A donors
B all blood type donors
C only blood type B and O donors
D only blood type O donors.
(2)
1.1.2
A traditional treatment for malaria is the use of ...
A the hoodia plant
B quinine
C African potato
D marula berries.
(2)
1.1.3
The humerus, femur and tibia are all examples of ...
A short bones
B flat bones
C long bones
D irregular bones.
(2)
1.1.4 Which region of the spine does the vertebra shown in the diagram below
come from?
A
B
C
D
lumbar
thoracic
cervical
sacrum
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Page 2 of 12
1.1.5 The cardiovascular disease that is caused by having too few red blood
cells is ...
A hypertension
B anaemia
C low blood pressure
D a stroke.
(2)
[10]
Question 1.2
Give the correct biological term for each description. Write only the term next
to the relevant question number.
1.2.1 a single layer of parenchyma cells that gives rise to lateral roots
(1)
1.2.2 the waxy, waterproof band that helps channel the movement of water into
the xylem vessels (1)
1.2.3 the type of synovial joint that allows movement in all directions
(1)
1.2.4 a condition that causes inflammation, stiffness and swelling of one or
more joints
(1)
1.2.5 the double membrane that surrounds the heart
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Page 3 of 12
Question 1.3
Each question consists of a statement or description in the first column and
two items numbered (a) and (b) in the second column. Consider which item(s)
relate(s) to the statement or description. Write your choice next to the relevant
question number using the following codes.
•
•
•
•
A – if only item (a) refers to the statement or description
B – if only item (b) refers to the statement or description
C – if both items (a) and (b) refer to the statement or description
D – if neither of the items refers to the statement or description
Statement or description
1.3.1
artherosclerosis
1.3.2
bilharzia
1.3.3
destroying bacteria
1.3.4
open circulatory systems
1.3.5
rickets
Items
(a)
cholesterol
(b)
heart attack
(a)
blood in urine
(b)
Plasmodium vivax
(a)
pasteurisation
(b)
fermentation
(a)
humans
(b)
fish
(a)
lack of vitamin D
(b)
lack of calcium
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Page 4 of 12
Question 1.4
Look at the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow.
Leaching solution
– active iron, sulfate
and Thiobacillus
COPPER ORE
Copper sulfide converted to
copper sulfate by Thiobacillus.
Active iron releases the
copper from the sulfate.
Thiobacillus converts
the inactive iron
back into active iron.
Copper is
removed.
1.4.1 What is the name of the process shown in the flow chart?
(1)
1.4.2 What is copper ore?
(1)
1.4.3 List the two important functions of Thiobacillus in the above process. (2)
1.4.4 To which kingdom does Thiobacillus belong?
(1)
1.4.5 Heating copper sulfide is the traditional method of extracting copper. This
produces sulfur dioxide as a waste product which is released into the
atmosphere. Although the traditional process is faster, the use of bacteria
is more environmentally friendly. Explain why.
(2)
1.4.6 Which other important metal in South Africa is extracted using bacteria?
(1)
1.4.7 Name two other economic uses of bacteria.
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Page 5 of 12
Question 1.5
The diagram below shows a nephron. Look at it carefully and answer the
questions that follow.
1.5.1 Name the organ in which a nephron is found.
(1)
1.5.2 Provide the labels A to D.
(4)
1.5.3 Give only the letter of the structure(s) in which the following functions occur.
a) glomerular filtration
b) tubular secretion
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(1)
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Page 6 of 12
Question 1.6
The graph below shows the change in pressure in the ventricles during one
cardiac cycle.
Graph showing ventricular pressure
1.6.1 What is the maximum pressure during ventricular systole?
(2)
1.6.2 Would you expect the aortic pressure to be higher or lower at this point?
Give a reason for your choice.
(2)
1.6.3 What would you predict the atrial pressure to be during general diastole?
Give a reason for your answer.
(2)
1.6.4 At which point in the cardiac cycle will the semi-lunar valves be open and
the cuspid valves be closed?
(1)
[7]
Total Question 1: 50 marks
Total Section A: 50 marks
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Section B
Question 2
Question 2.1
The aortic artery has a diameter of about 2 cm and is the largest blood vessel
in the human body.
2.1.1 What is the function of the aorta?
(3)
2.1.2 Tabulate two differences between arteries and capillaries.
(4)
2.1.3 Which blood vessels have valves? Explain the reason for this.
(3)
2.1.4 Write a short paragraph in which you discuss the role of blood in African
tradition.
(4)
[14]
Question 2.2
Look at the photographs below and answer the questions that follow.
Animal A
Animal B
2.2.1 Identify the skeleton type of animals A and B.
2.2.2 Tabulate one advantage and one disadvantage of each skeleton type in
your answer to Question 2.2.1.
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Page 8 of 12
Question 2.3
2.3.1 List three reasons why fungi are not placed in the plant kingdom.
(3)
2.3.2
(1)
(3)
Traditional beer plays a very important role in African culture.
a)Why is African beer healthier than other alcoholic drinks?
b)What role does yeast and sorghum play in the beer-making process?
c)How do women use the thick froth that forms on the top of the beer
pot?
d) What happens to the grain that is left in the sieve?
(1)
(2)
[10]
Total Question 2: 30 marks
Question 3
Question 3.1
The graph below shows the number of reported cases of malaria in different
regions of South Africa in 2004.
Graph showing the number of reported cases of malaria
in different regions of South Africa in 2004
3.1.1 Which region has the greatest number of reported malaria cases in 2004?
(1)
3.1.2 Why is malaria found only in certain regions of South Africa?
(2)
3.1.3 Give the scientific name of the parasite that causes malaria.
(1)
3.1.4 List the three stages of a malaria attack.
(3)
3.1.5 Why is malaria referred to as a recurring disease?
(3)
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3.1.6 Give the two main factors involved in controlling the spread of malaria.
3.1.7 Explain how drug resistance to chloroquinine, the most common drug
used to control malaria, has developed over time.
(2)
(4)
[16]
Question 3.2
The data below show the composition of urine collected over a 24-hour period
from four individuals. The composition of the urine collected was compared to
the urine composition of normal urine. Using the information provided, answer
the questions that follow.
Urine composition
Substances
Normal
Individual Individual Individual Individual
A
B
C
D
protein
0g
1g
0g
0g
0g
amino acids
0g
0g
0g
0g
2g
glucose
0g
0g
2g
0g
0g
urea
25 g
25 g
25 g
25 g
28 g
Na+
5g
4,5 g
5g
6g
1,5 g
Cl–
6g
5g
5,5 g
6g
3g
4,5 g
4,5 g
4,5 g
5g
4,5 g
1 000 ml
1 050 ml
995 ml
800 ml
1 150 ml
creatinine
water
3.2.1 a)What is unusual about the urine composition of individual A?
b)Give and explain possible reasons for your answer to 3.2.1 a).
(1)
(3)
3.2.2 a)Which individual is diabetic?
b)Give a reason for your choice.
(1)
(1)
3.2.3 Discuss the evidence that indicates that individual C has just eaten a
large packet of salty potato chips.
(8)
[14]
Total Question 3: 30 marks
Total Section B: 60 marks
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Section C
Question 4
Question 4.1
Andrew set up an investigation for the rate of transpiration using a leafy twig,
electric fan and potometer. His results are shown in the table.
Fan speed
setting
Distance of water movement in
potometer in 2 hours (mm)
off
0 mm
slow
2 mm
medium
5 mm
high
6 mm
4.1.1 Suggest a hypothesis for Andrew’s investigation.
(2)
4.1.2
(1)
(1)
(2)
Name:
a) the dependant variable
b) the independant variable
c) two fixed variables.
4.1.3 State two precautions Andrew would have taken when he set up the
potometer to ensure that he obtained accurate results.
(2)
4.1.4 Plot a bar graph to show the findings of this investigation.
(7)
4.1.5 Which reading would be considered the control? Give a reason for your
answer.
(2)
4.1.6 Give an explanation for the results Andrew observed.
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Page 11 of 12
Question 4.2
A joint is a place where two or more bones meet. Joints hold your bones
together. Every time you walk, sit down or hug someone you are using your
bones, voluntary muscles and joints.
Write an essay about joints and movement using the following subheadings.
• Classification of joints
• The role of cartilage, ligaments and tendons in movable joints
• Antagonistic muscles and joint movement
• Description of the contraction of voluntary muscle tissue
(3)
(7)
(4)
(6)
Note: No marks will be awarded for answers in the form of flow charts or diagrams.
[20]
Total Question 4: 40 marks
Total Section C: 40 marks
Grand total: 150 marks
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