What is physics?
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Topic 1
Measurement
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Scientific Notation
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Scientific Notation
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Significant Digits
Because the precision of all measuring devices is limited, the number of digits that are valid for any measurement is also limited. The valid digits are called significant digits. In any measurement the experimenter records all digits of which they are absolutely certain and one digit of which they are not absolutely certain.
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Counting Significant Digits
• Nonzero digits are always significant.
• All final zeros after the decimal point are significant.
• Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant.
• Zeros to the right of a whole number (without a decimal point) are not considered to be significant. 6
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The Metric System
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Metric Prefixes
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Converting to Metric Base Units
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Operations Using Significant Digits
Addition and Subtraction
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Operations Using Significant Digits
Multiplication and Division
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Exact Numbers
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The Factor Label Method (AKA Dimensional Analysis)
The metric system is the tool of the devil! My car gets 40.0 rods to the hogshead and that's the way I likes it!
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Unit Conversions Practice
1) Convert 16.7 inches to feet
12 inches = 1 foot
2) Convert 25 yards to feet (there are 3 feet in a yard)
3) Convert 90.0 centuries to years
100 years = 1 century
4) Convert 84 miles to kilometers (there are 0.6 miles in a kilometer)
5) Convert 4.75 centimeters to meters
6) Convert 48,987 minutes to days
7) Convert 27 months to fortnights (there are 14 days in a fortnight and assume 30 days in a month)
8) Convert 0.090 miles to inches (there are 36 inches in a yard and 1760 yards in a mile)
9) Convert 4.66 centimeters to miles (there are 0.6 miles in a kilometer)
10) Light travels 3.00 x 108 m every second. How far can it travel in one calendar year (365 days)? 22
75 feet
5700 inches
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Physics 11 Practice Quiz Significant Digits
Scientific Notation, Unit Conversions, and 1.
Express the following numbers in scientific notation. (3 points)
a.
895 000 000 000 000 m = ­­____________________
b.
0.000 092 s = ­­____________________
c.
578 000 × 10­15 cm = ____________________
2. Convert each of the following measurements to the units indicated. Show your calculation below each question and express your answer in proper scientific notation with the appropriate number of significant digits. (8 points)
a.
0.233 nm = ____________________ m (1 point)
b.
750 µg = ­­____________________ kg (2 points)
c.
­
d.
12350 days = ____________________ minutes (2 points)
25.0 m/s = ­­____________________ km/h (3 points)
3. Do the following calculations. Answer with the appropriate number of significant digits. (4 points)
a.
16.2 m + 4.003 m + 11.58 m = b.
(5.2160)(3.07) = c.
44500 – 3240.9 = d.
85000 ÷ 195.8 = 25