Name Class Date Assessment Quiz Section: Solid Waste MATCHING Match the description on the left with the correct term on the right. Write your answer on the line provided. ______ 1. makes up most of the municipal solid waste ______ 2. a liquid that has passed through compacted solid waste a. leachate b. manufacturing waste c. paper ______ 3. garbage produced by households and businesses ______ 4. cannot be broken down by biological processes d. municipal solid waste e. plastic ______ 5. makes up more than half of the total waste produced MULTIPLE CHOICE In the space provided, write the letter of the word or statement that best completes the sentence or answers the question. ______ 6. An example of something that is biodegradable is a. a leaf in a compost pile. c. a polystyrene burger container in a trash can. b. a plastic milk jug in a landfill. d. All of the above. ______ 7. The total amount of solid waste generated in the U.S. in the last 40 years a. has doubled. c. has not changed. b. has tripled. d. None of the above ______ 8. The average person living in the United States produces a. about 400 pounds of solid waste per day. b. about 4 pounds of solid waste per day. c. about 400 pounds of solid waste per year. d. about 4 pounds of solid waste per month. ______ 9. From 1970 to the present, the percentage of waste that is recycled has a. increased from 6.6% to 28%. c. decreased from 28% to 19.6%. b. decreased from 28% to 6.6%. d. remained the same. ______10. Which of the following are problems associated with landfills? a. source reduction and composting b. surface improvement and leachate c. leachate and methane production d. all of the above Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Environmental Science 14 Waste TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ulation than does the United States. With less available space, people in Japan are more inclined to take measures, such as recycling, that minimize the amount of land needed for landfills. Japan also has cultural traditions that encourage people to minimize the amount of waste. 4 1 3 2 5 Incinerators require a great deal of energy to operate. They also need pollution-control devices. 11. They must be monitored so that harmful gases and particles are not released into the air. 12. Radioactive wastes must sit undisturbed for thousands of years before the radioactivity decreases to safe levels. Active Reading SECTION: SOLID WASTE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. d b c Biodegradable means capable of being broken down by the action of living things. a c Consumers purchase products that have been manufactured. pesticides and fertilizers Waste containing these products may be harmful if returned to the soil. Map Skills 1. 21 2. 35,714 3. Smaller communities located in the western Bay area could ship recyclables along Interstate 280 while those in the eastern Bay area could use Interstate 880; increased fuel consumption and air pollution from transportation; possible overloading of urban recycling centers. 4. Answers may vary but should relate to the facts that higher populations would generate more waste and that urban areas have very little room to expand their landfills. SECTION: REDUCING SOLID WASTE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. bottles, cans, and newspapers d c collecting discarded materials and sorting by type cleaning materials and making them ready to be used again using the materials to make new products selling the new products to consumers It is sorted by type and made into pulp with water. It is crushed. They may be encouraged to build more facilities to make recycled products. It becomes easier for communities to sell the materials they collect from residents for recycling. Quiz SECTION: SOLID WASTE Matching 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. e 5. b SECTION: REDUCING SOLID WASTE Matching 1. d 2. c 3. e 4. b 5. a SECTION: HAZARDOUS WASTE 1. 2. 3. 4. Multiple Choice 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. a 10. c c b a Hazardous waste is discarded material that is harmful to the environment or to people. Multiple Choice 6. a 7. b 8. c 9. c 10. b Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Environmental Science 90 Waste