T-Xchange and IOP-IPCR:
Two modes of university/industry
cooperation
DCED PhD Symposium 12 december 2007
Prof. Dr. Ir. F.J.A.M. van Houten
Where are we?
• 3TU federation (Delft, Eindhoven, Twente)
• University of Twente
– 5 Faculties (CTW, EWI, GW, MB, TNW)
– 6 Research Institutes (BMTI, CTIT, IBR, IGS,
IMPACT, Mesa+)
• Faculty of Engineering Technology (CTW)
– 3 educational programs
• Mechanical Engineering
• Industrial Design Engineering
• Civil Engineering
University of Twente
VRlab
Who are we? (faculty)
• Engineering Technology
– 7 Research Groups
• Applied Mechanics
– Structural Dynamics and Acoustics
– Mechanics of Forming Technology
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Biomechanical Engineering
Design Production and Management
Elastomer Technology Engineering
Engineering Fluid Dynamics
Mechanical Automation
Thermal Engineering
Who are we? (Research group)
• Design, Production and Management
Design Engineering Prof dr ir Fred van Houten
Product Design
Prof. dr. ir. Arthur Eger
Production Technology Prof dr ir Remko Akkerman
Surface Technology
Prof dr ir Dik Schipper
and Tribology
– 5. Design History
Prof. dr. J.W. Drukker (part.)
– 6. Packaging Design
Prof. dr. ir. Roland ten
Klooster (part time)
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4.
What do we do? (Design Engineering)
• Design Synthesis
• Process Planning and Tool Design
• Product Life Cycle Management,
Production Management & Control
Research projects with industry
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DaimlerChrysler
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Connection Elements
Methods for cost optimal car body production
Mechatronic Features
Motion Capture
Visualisation of non geometric data
Template Design
Thales/Astron – Pacman (Phased Arrays)
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Thales – T-Xchange (Effect based solutions)
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Boal - Simalex (Aluminium Extrusion)
Stork/Fokker - JSF- High Speed Milling of Aircraft parts
Inpro - Spring Back Compensation of automotive body parts (NIMR)
NS Reizigers/ProRail – ADREM (Slippery Tracks)
ESI/Philips Medical Systems (MRI design)
3TU - Exergetic system approach
Solva Group - CNCworknet (manufacturing on demand)
ECN – Fibre Reinforced PV modules
Lloyds register – Energy reduction by improved breaking systems for trains
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TKH – OPtical fibre systems
Mapper – Design of electron beam lithography equipment
IDC (>100 SME’s)
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IOP IPCR – participation in four projects with Philips,
OCE, van der Lande, Panalytical
Technology Exchange
The best of both worlds
•
Businesses and universities should benchmark their knowledge of specific technology
fields much more frequently - how far have you got, how far are we? -, the fact being, in
the words of Thales top executive Dick Arnold, that in certain disciplines industries are far
ahead of the academic world….. But in others…….
Setting the scene
•
Harvard Business Review November 2006:
– Innovation: The Classic Traps (Rosabeth Moss Kanter)
• Innovation gets rediscovered in waves of approx 6 years
(the length of a managerial generation)
• Traps e.g. controls too tight, too loose, weak leadership, communication poor,…
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1959. Michael Schrage:
– Success innovation requires not only innovative people but also leadership in
innovative technologies (innovative prototypes) and management (creation of
innovative teams)
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Since innovation is on the political agenda the wave has become a hype
– Europe should meet its Lisbon goals in 2010 through innovation
– National initiatives should stimulate and facilitate innovation
– A Cloud of publications and theories are bringing new insights but did
they provide a breakthrough in innovation?
Setting the scene (continued)
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In our opinion:
– Incremental innovation is not so different from traditional product
development and improvement (S-curve)
– Open and disruptive innovation are still methods to find innovative
technologies
– The Lead customer thoughts are interesting but have already been
used in sport and defense industry for decennia
– Architectural innovation has already been adapted in the thirties
for the creation of the aircraft carrier and the “blitzkrieg”
•
We have created awareness and defined names for the
phenomena, but what did it really bring us?
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So we have to do something different!
Thales R&T
Nederland
Design Engineering
University
of Twente
History
• Mid 2004: Project proposal TXchange
submitted (VRValley III)
• January 2005: IOP IPCR research proposals
submitted.
• March 2005: IOP projects Synthetic
environments en Smart Synthesis Tools
granted (650.000€)
• April 2005: TXchange proposal granted
(500.000€)
History
• Mid 2005: TXchange agreement signed by UT. Board
“matches” 300.000€
• Mid 2005: Start of installation VRlab
• 24 November 2005 Official opening VRlab
• 6 February 2006 National Innovation platform chaired
by Prime Minister meets in VRlab
• Mid December 2006 again two IOP/IPCR projects
granted:
– Design for Usability (Prof. Daan van Eijk) and
– Automatic generation of Control Software of Mechatronic
Systems (Prof. Tetsuo Tomiyama) (500.000 €)
24 November
2005
Official opening
Cooperation isn’t that simple!
6 february 2006
The Prome Minister
The
national
Innovation
Platform
meets
in the
VRlab
Lay out of the VRlab
Behind the screens
General trend: Feeling
TX can
create
“feelings”
Experience
“Zwitserleven”
Senseo
Life cycle support
services
outsourcing
Turn key
systems
equipment
Match line
Single apparatus
T-Xchange
• What makes the T-XChange special is the
applied process methodology (Effect
Based Solution process) that integrates
the interests, requirements and
expectations of different stakeholders in
the solution.
Mission statement
T-Xchange is a unique facility in which
innovative products and concepts are given
shape by means of ‘brainstorming’, ‘scenario
building’, ‘real time visualisation’, and
‘serious gaming’ in order to generate
experience and testing on acceptance,
usefulness / employability.
T-X basic principle
Effect Based Solutions (EBS) process
From containers to scenarios
Unique: embedding perception and experience
Scenario landscaping
Functional
landscaping
Social
landscaping
Functional
requirements
Social
requirements
Perceived added value
Experience
Acceptance
….
experience
Realization
product
experience
To guarantee
compliance
T-X business
T-Xchange business focus
• (high-tech) Products and Technology
development
• Construction and infrastructure
development
• Safety and Security; through ISETI
• Government
Examples
Some examples of recent projects
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“Kasteelschap”
(a type of suburb)
Provincial Development
Urban Development
Kennispark
Urban Mobility
A1 security
Airport Twente
Product development
ISETI
Kasteelschap
Kasteelschap
Construction and infrastructure
• Conversion of Airbase -> Airport
Twenthe: is a regional airport facility
feasible?
• 34 main stakeholder parties (identified
by state government) follow the EBS
process to define a economically and
environmentally feasible alternative,
without commercial airlining.
Construction Area Airport Twenthe
• Synthetic support; serious game
–Possibility to build up a common and
feasible concept for the future of the airport
Twenthe region;
–Puzzling all the ideas, concepts and
interests of various parties into a integrated
future concept;
–Feasibility ensured by computer models,
calculating the effects in economical and
environmental terms.
Provincial
Development Plan
A1 Security Demo
A1
Security
KennisPark
• De Chemie van Twente;
–New central entrance and meeting place of the
Business and Science Park Twente.
Kennispark is a project by:
Urban Development
Arke stadion
Cinestar
Cinestar
Urban Mobility Game
Urban Mobility
Urban Mobility
Safety & Security: ISETI
• New Institute;
–International Security Experimentation and
Transformation Istitute (ISETI)
–Applying the EBS process in the field of
public safety and security…
Security
Product / Technology > 50 k
• Communication & Information Module
» Soldier Modernisation Programme
• 3 sessions with engineers of various
involved technical parties;
• Determining requirements and tech
roadmap of the system, in direct interaction
with customer;
Communication & Information Module
(cont.)
• Visualization; 3D model in which
functions of the system can be varied to
identify effects on aspects;
–Body mapping of equipment;
–Power supply needed, size, computer
capacity etc.
• Outcome; agreed 3 types of system;
(commander , soldier and …. (classified
info)
Conclusion T-Xchange
• Tons of theoretical literature about innovation “know what
in stead of know how”
• EBS process provides a new practical methodology for
innovation
• Visualization, scenario building and serious gaming are
important for innovation through CDE (Concept
development and experimentation)
• Order book filled for 2008
• > 15 full time equivalent staff
• TX concepts works
IOP-IPCR
• Involved in four projects
– Synthetic environments for scenario besed
design (1 PhD, total 3)
– Smart Synthesis tools (2 PhD’s, total 4)
And just starting
– Design for Usability (1 PhD, total 5)
– Automatic Generation of control software
for mechatronic systems (1 PhD, total 4)
requirements
Our synthesis
approach
solutions
Integrated functions
• Generate solutions
– approximately right
– cover the solution space
Synthesis
•
embodiment
– performance identifiers
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Analysis
performance
Evaluation
Analyze
Adjustment
Evaluate / adjust
– improve
– keep diversity
Research aspects
• Knowledge, structuring,
optimization/navigation,
multi-domain
• Generic approach
Specific
Generic
Existing
Specific / generic functionality
Analysis INT
EXT
Project
Session
Embodiment
Scenario
Performance
FEA
Evaluation
Adjustment
Visualizers
Geometry
generator
3D Model
XP
.Net
Model data
UI
Synthesis
Design
control
Status framework
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Multiple tools,
one framework
1st test bed for constraint
solver
2nd separation of solution,
algorithm, knowledge
3rd UI components linked
to data model, synthesis of
structure
2006
VI
Philips
PANalytical
Oce
2007
DP modeling
DP
DP
Knowledge
modeling
Analysis
FW
2008
Analysis
FW
2009
FW
Synthesis Optimization
Analysis FW
Topology synthesis
Optimization
FW
FW
Optimization
Parametric synthesis
Qualitative Physics
Design Proc.
modeling
Design interference
detection
Design Process
Synthesis
Optimization
Prototype Framework
Analysis
Status / planning
2008
New in
version:
Implemented for
v0.1
Parameters
v0.2
Elements
v0.3
v0.4
v0.5
Generic project
structure / UI
PANalytical
Belt drive
2009
PANalytical
Philips
VI
Framework
Architecture
setup in
red code
Generic data
structure
Generic UI
components
3D visualization
Visualization
Synthesis
2D / 3D
diagrams
Constraint
Solver (RoG)
Parameter
based (WoS)
Kernel development
2D diagrams
revisited
Graph based
(MaB)
Incremental function development
Freeze architecture
v?
Vanderlande Analysis
• Queuing networks
– direct calculation of
statistic values
– Component:
arrival rate, variance,
travel time
Experienced based decisions
• Design knowledge
– Synthesis tool functionality
– Synthesis tool algorithms
• Towards generic
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Tool architecture
Model of design knowledge
Synthesis algorithm
Development method
• Case: PANalytical
PANalytical case
• X-Ray Fluorescence
• Material composition
• Optical chamber
Design process
• Levels of abstraction
• Performance indicators
Analysis module
• Expert’s knowledge
• FEA module
• Embodiment definition
Synthesis module
• Expert’s knowledge
• Knowledge model
• Algorithm
History
From analysis: embodiment
• Embodiment
– Parameters
– Elements
To Synthesis
• Synthesis knowledge
– Expand topology
– Resolve parameter value
– Constrain parameter value
• Algorithm
1. Extend partial design
2. Constrains checking
3. Repair violations
• Knowledge in ‘knowledge base’
• Algorithm generates solutions
Comparison synthesis cases
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18 parameters
1 class
28 resolve rules
21 constrains
…
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Ca. 36 parameters
8 classes
22 resolve rules
20 constrains
W. O. Schotborgh
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40-50 parameters
20-30 classes
> 50 resolve rules
< 10 constrains
79
Belt drive case
Knowledge base
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18 parameters
1 class
28 resolve rules
21 constrains
VanderLande case
Knowledge base
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ca. 40-50 parameters
ca. 20-30 classes
> 50 resolve rules
< 10 constraints
Belt drive
Generic:
case • Architecture
• Class-library
• Synthesis
algorithm
• GUI elements
Analysis knowledge
• Performance indicators
• Analysis assumptions
– Ignore (e.g. volumes, polarization)
– Estimate (e.g. discrete energy)
– Include (e.g. fluorescence, scatter)
• Analysis method
– Finite Element Approach
– Detail
ÆEmbodiment description
PANalytical case
Embodiment (from analysis module)
Design knowledge
Design knowledge
Synthesis algorithm
…
…
Based on Role-Limiting Method
1. Extend partial design
• Opportunistic (Human design)
• Object-Oriented knowledge
2. Constraints checking
3. Fix constraint violations (by backtracking)
[Studer 1998]
[Visser 2006]
[Bento 1997]
1. Design process modeling
2. Knowledge extraction
3. Algorithm development
1.
2.
3.
4.
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
Adjustment
4. Generic for
well-defined parametric designs:
…
…
Valorization
Valorization
Knowledge
• Transfer office, web
• Magazine, publication,
thesis
• MSc, PhD’s
• Workbooks, Spin-outs
IOP SenterNovem facilitates
Awareness
Active
Valorization
Research
New
functionalities
•
universities
Industrial
kernel
Tool building
Industrial use
PCP analysis
Knowledge
modeling
Red code
development
Dedicated
synthesis tool
Blue code
development
Documentation
Training
•
spin-out
•
•
spin-outs
companies
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•
•
PANalytical
Philips
VI, Oce
…
Intermediate results
• 12 Publications
– multi domain interference, development methodology etc.
• Tool realization
– Synthesis modules give first results
– Common framework well on the way
• Valorization
– Design knowledge documented
– Valorization started with PAN & VI
– Spin-off’s conceivable
Observations
• Good progress in
prototype development
& level of genericness
• Development capacity is
bottleneck
Valorization
• Promotion of synthesis: create awareness (get
customers)
– Academic: papers, lectures, classes, …
– Industrial: demonstrators, symposia, newspapers,
magazines, ...
• Workbook
– Suitability check
– Document knowledge
– Development synthesis tool
• Spin-off
– Cooperation with Software engineering company / UT
– Supported by IOP / BC companies
Design for Usability
• Academic partners: TUDelft-IDE,
UTwente-DPM & Phil, TU/e-QRE
• Industrial Partners: Philips, OCE,
Thales, Indes
• Project team: 5 PhD students (and their
supervisors), 7 researchers, 4 industrial
experts and supporting staff.
Goal Design
• reduce usability problems with
electronic products
• by developing and offering companies a
coherent design methodology to
anticipate both:
– expectations and needs of users
– product influences on use practices.
Integral approach
Intended Outcome
A design methodology that:
• supports the designer in obtaining an accurate,
reliable and complete overview of the future
use practice of the product,
• offers procedures for product quality testing,
based on realistic product use, and tailored to
specific product categories and situations,
• not just focuses on generating requirements
and specs, but guides the total process of
designing, selling and after-sales user
assistance,
Intended outcome (cont.)
• takes into account the influence of both user
characteristics and product characteristics on the
formation of use practices,
• is suited for the design and development practice
for different product and company types,
• provides a dedicated approach for after-sale
services that is able to deal with use practices in a
business wise optimal way,
• and deals with the ethical questions regarding
behaviour monitoring and steering in product design.
Conclusions IOP IPCR
• Larger (interdisciplinary) projects yield
more useful results quicker
• Physical distance still is a problem
• Active Industry involvement speeds up
the process and increases the quality
• Long term reliable funding is a basic
condition for this kind of strategic
development
Thank you Tetsuo
• We know each other since 1987
• We published together on Design and
Maintenance issues
• You spent six months at our department at
Enschede
• I spent six months at your department at
Tokyo
• Lets go on.....
singing Karaoke together.
• Thank you for your
attention!