Copyright © 2013 by
The PUP Office of the Vice President for Research, Extension, Planning, and Development

The government, through its agencies like the Department of Science and
Technology (DOST) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), mandated the promotion of research to push forward the frontiers of knowledge and to develop a culture of research among higher education institutions (HEIs) on the assumption that HEIs should be a major source of research-generated knowledge to benefit the society.
With several concerns and issues brought about by change and development, both national and global in scope, the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) views itself as a dynamic mechanism in taking various steps in addressing challenges to help the country and the whole of humanity. With this commitment, the university recognizes research as the primary means to acquire new information and innovative ideas in many academic fields and disciplines addressing the different challenges and proposing sound solutions to problems and difficulties.
The International Research Conference in Higher Education (IRCHE 2013) aims to promote, strengthen and mainstream research outputs of Higher Education
Institutions (HEIs) in various fields of disciplines and to provide a venue for sharing and discussing research issues, concerns and output in a scholarly but friendly environment with the theme

Warm greetings to the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) and congratulations for your 2013 International Research Conference in Higher
Education with the theme, “Responding to the Challenge for Global Excellence through Multi-Disciplinary
Research”!
Indeed, the continuous search for knowledge is at the heart of every educational institution. The role of research in sustaining a vibrant academic community is undeniably vital. Equally important, the scholarly exchange of research outputs and ideas is a major step towards achieving global excellence. It is thus my fervent hope that the PUP will continue to initiate and conduct endeavors such as this and remain successful in its other undertakings, all for the advancement of education in our country.
I am one with you in your commitment to foster a research-oriented academic community. In my capacity as a public servant, I will strongly support your efforts in encouraging collaboration among scholars and the academe to augment our knowledge base. May this intellectual pursuit succeed and contribute to the betterment of our educational system and of our nation as a whole. Thank you and more power!
SEN. PIYA S. CAYETANO
Representative, Lone District of Pasig City

Allow me to express my warmest greetings to the Faculty, Staff and Students of the
Polytechnic University of the Philippines (“PUP”) as you host the International
Research Conference in Higher Education (IRCHE 2013).
Internationalization of the standards of our local universities is a necessity to achieve world class education and network linkages for the benefit of the Filipino students and faculty. Conferences, such as this, provide an avenue for our local educators to interact with foreign academicians and explore new researches and discoveries in an effort to strengthen the educational structure in the Philippines. I am certain that through this event, the latest techniques in educating the students are acquired and developed.
The theme for this year, “
is a clear mark of how PUP and the other participating institutions envision themselves after the conference. Surely, this momentous event will shed light and provide benchmark methods to act as new paradigms for collegiate instruction.
Rest assured that as partners, I would always support all the endeavors and activities of PUP devoted in strengthening the Filipino brand of education.
CONG. ROMAN T. ROMULO
Representative, Lone District of Pasig City
Chairman, House Committee on Higher and Technical Education

Warm greetings to the Polytechnic University of the Philippines as it holds the International
Research Conference in Higher Education (IRCHE 2013) on October 3-4, 2013.
With the theme, “Responding to the Challenges for Global Excellence through Multi-Disciplinary
Research,” the Conference aims to promote, strengthen and mainstream outputs of Higher
Education Institutions (HEIs) in various disciplines, and to provide a venue for discussing research issues, concerns, and output in a scholarly manner.
The Conference will tackle the research programs in four areas: Science and Technology:
Humanities, social Sciences and Communication (HUSOCOM); Education, Public Policy and
Governance; and Business and Finance. By exploring the vast amount of knowledge from a multidisciplinary perspective, the Conference highlights the need to further develop a holistic view that affirms the interconnectedness among the disciplines.
Research is essential not only to the growth of higher education. The accumulation of research outputs from various higher institutions of learning that have evolved from different research projects with their distinct methodologies constitutes a solid body of knowledge that should redound to the benefit of the whole society.
Towards this goal, the conference hopes not only to strengthen the competence of individual researchers but, as importantly, encourage collaborative research among the disciplines, and establish a national and international network and linkages geared towards a research and development agenda.
The Commission on Higher Education congratulates the organizers of the International Research
Conference for spearheading an important gathering of scholars to further develop a key area in university life without which no academic institution can claim an authentic intellectual life that serves the concrete needs of a community such as our society, now being increasingly thrust into a more complex and challenging world.
Mabuhay!
PATRICIA B. LICUANAN, Ph.D.
Chairperson

I convey my warmest felicitations to the organizers and participants of the
International Research Conference in Higher Education which the Polytechnic
University of the Philippines, Commission on Higher Education and National
Research Council of the Philippines organized mainly to bolster and popularize research outputs of various universities and colleges.
Modern-day society demands for a kind of higher education which is fundamentally anchored on research, a vital and integral aspect in the generation, production and dissemination of authentic and relevant knowledge. Hence, the theme
signifies the collective intent of dedicated educators, scholars and other entities to create significant and lasting impact on both local and global economy, politics and culture through research.
May this International Research Conference in Higher Education succeed not only in providing a venue for sharing and discussing research issues but more importantly in uniting researchers from various fields of disciplines under one noble calling, that of serving the academe, industry and society.
Dr. EMANUEL C. DE GUZMAN
President

I convey my warmest greetings and best wishes to the organizers, distinguished speakers and participants of the 2013 International Research Conference in Higher
Education (IRCHE).
The theme of the conference “Responding to the Challenges for Global Excellence through Multi-Disciplinary Research” is very timely, important and challenging as the global competition of knowledge economy heats up. Nations are concerned with the current university ranking craze that they are creating the best universities that they can possibly do in order to maximize their competitive advantage.
Philippine universities are in a strong position to perpetuate further their research agenda and is prized for growth and expanded research in engineering and the sciences. Research results and the potential applications become a part of university-industry linkage and are becoming valuable in economic terms, supposedly one of the objectives of this conference.
May this conference leads to strengthen research, produce multi-disciplinary research collaboration among higher educational institutions and steadfastly continue to be catalysts for change in shaping our society.
I wish you all the best and I pray that all of the objectives of this conference will be realized.
Dr. VICTORIA C. NAVAL
Executive Vice-President

Not so many years ago, when globalization led to a quest for excellence, there was a trend to develop each educational institution into “the world-class university.” In the Philippines, this happened almost at the same time that all universities aimed at becoming a “research university.” Fortunately, there were schools of thought that remained aware of the risks of unbalanced approaches that would favor performance in one area (research) strongly over that in others (instruction).
Because of this, there was no compromising the fact that research and instruction represent the essential and fundamental elements of a university’s operation.
As per the publish-or-perish paradigm, research is the one and only task of the academe that really matters. This is why, to achieve global excellence, academics have been perennially encouraged to engage in research not only for their own university but also for other institutions. This research conference, therefore, is the icing on the cake. When the researches have been conducted, this conference is the appropriate venue for publishing, sharing, and discussing the outputs and concerns.
Congratulations to the brains and brawn behind this international research conference. Kudos, too, to the research enthusiasts who have embraced the culture of research and have committed to sharing the fruits of their endeavors
Dr. SAMUEL M. SALVADOR
VP for Academic Affairs

The process of globalization has spurred many institutions of higher learning to venture into more research undertakings that would improve the way of life of many people.
Technology, media and institutional exchanges have given many universities around the world greater opportunities to experience and explore new frontiers through an exchange and sharing of knowledge in various areas of discipline.
The Polytechnic University of the Philippines, the country’s first polytechnic, with more than 70,000 strong student population has organized national research conferences that helped promote research production among higher institutions of learning on a national scale. On this aspect, we are very proud to organize another research activity on an international scale to imbibe and renew the culture of research. The International Research
Conference on Higher Education (IRCHE 2013) with the theme “Responding to the
Challenges for Global Excellence through Multi-Disciplinary Research” hopes to forge interdisciplinary connections among institutions of higher learning, organizations, industries, academicians, scholars, and policy makers. It encourages institutions to participate in a friendly environment that encourages respect for various scholarly pursuits.
Through this conference I hope that each of us will find meaningful inputs from the research presentations; an open mind to experiences peoples from various cultural backgrounds; and establish research collaborations that will help mankind and society.
To everyone, thank you for participating in this conference and we hope to see you in research activities like this in the future.
Dr. MANUEL M. MUHI
VP for Research, Extension, Planning and Development
Conference Chair

Day 1
7:30-8:30
8:30-8:15
8:15-8:25
8:25-8:35
8:35-9:45
9:45-9:15
October 3, 2013
Registration
Doxology and National Anthem
Welcome Remarks
Welcome Message
Introduction of the Keynote Speaker
Keynote Address
10:55-11:20 Plenary Speaker 4
“Multi-Disciplinary Research Initiatives in Rural
Development: The Manipal University Experience”
11:20-12:00 Open Forum
12:00-1:00 Lunch
1:00-2:45 Parallel Session A
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
Parallel Session B
Parallel Session C
Parallel Session D
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
2:45-3:00
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
Parallel Session E
Parallel Session F
Parallel Session G
Parallel Session H
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Parallel Session I
Parallel Session J
Parallel Session K
Parallel Session L
Parallel Session M
Parallel Session N
Parallel Session O
Parallel Session P
Centennial Hall
Centennial Hall Lobby
Prof. Elmer G. De Jose and
PUP Banda Kawayan
Dr. Emanuel C. De Guzman
President, PUP
Hon. Francisco “Isko” Domagoso
Vice-Mayor, City of Manila
Dr. Victoria C. Naval
Executive Vice-President, PUP
Dr. Patricia B. Licuanan
Chairperson
Commission on Higher Education
Dr. Emanuel C. De Guzman to be assisted by the University Officials
9:15-9:25 Awarding of Plaque of Appreciation to the Keynote
Speaker
9:25-9:40 Coffee Break
9:40-10:05 Plenary Speaker 1
“Renewable Energy: Bridging Academic Research and Community Outreach”
10:05-10:30 Plenary Speaker 2
10:30-10:55 Plenary Speaker 3
Mr. Warren Nevad
University of Tennessee , USA
Dr. Ricardo A. Rotoras
President, PASUC
Dr. Teresita C. Fortuna
Regional Director, DOST-NCR
Dr. Harisha G. Joshi
Manipal University, India
Centennial Hall
Millennium Salon
Roma Salon
Sampaguita Hall A
Sampaguita Hall B
Sampaguita Hall C
Conference Room 1
Conference Room 2
Conference Room 3
Parallel Session Rooms
Millennium Salon
Roma Salon
Sampaguita Hall A
Sampaguita Hall B
Sampaguita Hall C
Conference Room 1
Conference Room 2
Conference Room 3

1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
1:00-2:45
2:45-3:00
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
4:45-5:00
Day 2
8:00-8:30
8:30-8:50
8:50-9:10
9:10-9:30
Open Forum
October 4, 2013
Registration
Plenary Speaker 5
“Messy Problems: Rising to the challenge of
Multidisciplinary Research in the Age of
Globalization”
Plenary Speaker 6
“ Shooting for the
Stars: Pursuing Global Excellence in an Era of
Research Proliferation”
Plenary Speaker 7
“Multidisciplinary Research for National Relevance
9:30-9:45 and Competitiveness”
Open Forum
9:45-10:00 Coffee Break
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session A
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session B
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session C
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session D
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session E
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session F
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session G
10:00-11:45 Parallel Session H
11:45-12:00 Open Forum/Sponsors Hour
12:00-1:00 Lunch
1:00-2:45 Parallel Session I
1:00-2:45 Parallel Session J
3:00-4:45
3:00-4:45
4:45-5:00
Parallel Session K
Parallel Session L
Parallel Session M
Parallel Session N
Parallel Session O
Parallel Session P
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Parallel Session Q
Parallel Session R
Parallel Session S
Parallel Session T
Parallel Session U
Parallel Session V
Parallel Session W
Parallel Session X
Open Forum/Closing Remarks
Parallel Session Rooms
Centennial Hall
Centennial Hall Lobby
Dr. Matthew Éichler
Texas State University, USA
Dr. Adam Kis
Research Director,
Adventist International Institute of
Advanced Studies, USA
Dr. Ester B. Ogena
President
Philippine Normal University
Millennium Salon
Roma Salon
Sampaguita Hall A
Sampaguita Hall B
Sampaguita Hall C
Conference Room 1
Conference Room 2
Conference Room 3
Parallel Session Rooms
Centennial Hall
Millennium Salon
Roma Salon
Sampaguita Hall A
Sampaguita Hall B
Sampaguita Hall C
Conference Room 1
Conference Room 2
Conference Room 3
Parallel Session Rooms
Millennium Salon
Roma Salon
Sampaguita Hall A
Sampaguita Hall B
Sampaguita Hall C
Conference Room 1
Conference Room 2
Conference Room 3
Parallel Session Rooms

A
Her teaching, research and practice in social psychology has focused on human factors in the national development process, education and educational reform, social issues, human resource development and gender issues.
Municipal Management Consultant
University of Tennessee MTAS, USA
Provided technical assistance to more than 60 cities in Tennessee ranging in population from 1,000 to 150,000 people;
Taught municipal courses and governmental orientations to newly elected officials in Tennessee; Served as a board member for The University of
Tennessee Exempt Staff Council; Started the Tennessee Renewable Energy and Economic Development Council; a non-profit organization of mayors and businesses to promote renewable energy development for Tennessee.

President
Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges
A nationally recognize expert in higher education; President of
Mindanao University of Science and Technology; A Fulbright scholar and research fellow at the North Carolina State University; Most outstanding alumni of the Asian Institute of Technology on research and academe; A writer, author and research expert in the field of engineering and technology.
Regional Director
DOST-National Capital Region
A Postharvest Physiologist with both BS and MS degrees in Horticulture from the University of the Philippines in Los Banos and has a Doctoral
Degree in Business Management from the Philippine Women’s University;
Accelerate S & T adoption among urban-based micro small and medium enterprises through active techno-transfer and utilization programs;
Advocate for forging stronger linkages among the academe, government and industry associations through collaborative programs; Champion of the environment, constantly encouraging the adoption of Cleaner
Production Technologies.
A senior faculty of management studies with 24 years of experience in interdisciplinary research in technology, business and education; a social entrepreneur with expertise in setting entrepreneurship development and enterprise setting.

Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, USA
Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology, University of Florida; Country and
Programs director, Development and Relief Agency in Madagascar, Sao
Tome Principe and Guinea; Project director, USAID funded AWARE Project in West Africa; International professional representative, AIDS and
Anthropology Research Group .
A distinct pillar in the Philippine Science Education; Former Director of the
DOST Science Education Institute; She influenced S&T human resource development in the Philippines more than any other person in the past 20 years; A career academician having earned her BSE in Mathematics, magna cum laude, from the PNC in 1976. She obtained her MA in
Mathematics in 1978 and her Ph.D. in Education in 1990 from UPD; A recipient of numerous prestigious awards for her esteemed work, including international recognition in the 12th edition of the World Who’s
Who for Women, the TOWN award, and the 2007
A senior faculty in the Department of Occupational, Workforce and
Leadership Studies at Texas State University; Head of the graduate program on Adult Education; Expert practitioner in the field of interdisciplinary studies; Advocate of distance education and a recipient of teaching awards in online teaching; Consultant of the US Department of
Justice on Federal prison.

Time
1:00 – 1:15
Research Title/Presenter School
Tolerance in Silence: Malaysian Students’ Attitudes toward Homosexuals Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Awang Ideris bin Awang Daud
Cebu Normal University 1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
Youth Risk Behaviors among Urban and Rural Public High School
Students in Cebu Province Daisy R. Palompon
An Impact of New Media Platform to the Young Age Social Habits: A
Prologue (A Descriptive Research Based on Palembang’s Youth in
University of BinaDarma Palembang) Ema Apriyani
A Sibling’s Voice Behind the Shadow of Psychosis
Geraldine D. Delson
The Exploration on Impact of Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation Toward
Women Migrant Workers: A Case in Riau, Indonesia Denik Iswardani
Witarti
Re-Creating the Lived Experience of Women in a Struggle for Agrarian 2:15 – 2:30
Reform in Hacienda Luisita Lodigario A. Rigor
2:30 – 2:45 Filipino Mythology and Animism: Its Implication to the Behavior of
Children Mary Grace O. Gumpal
2:45 – 3:00 Open Forum/Coffee Break
University of Bina Darma, Indonesia
Saint Louis University
Universitas Budi Luhur, Indonesia
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Isabela State University
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Text Analysis towards Understanding the College English Learners
Interlanguage Eileen M. Gruta
Addressing Individual Differences through Blended Learning Marilyn L.
Laspiñas
School
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Cebu Normal University
An Exploratory Study on Simulated Teaching as Experienced by
Education Students Janet Presnilla-Espada
Modified Bingo Chromosome: An Effective Tool in Teaching
Chromosomal Identification Marisol Solis-Foronda
Leyte Normal University
Isabela State University
Digital Story Telling Through eLearning as Non-Formal Education Activity: Polytechnic University of the the Polytechnic University of the Philippines Institute of Technology
Rudolf Anthony A. Lacerna
Philippines
Cooperative Learning: Its Influence on the Quality of Work in Collegiate
Mathematics Dynah D. Soriano
Effectiveness of Alternation as Tutorial Strategy on Student’s
Performance in Mathematics Analiza C. Paña
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Don Honorio Ventura Technological
State University
Davao del Norte State College

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Economic Promotion through One-Town One Product Eric S. Parilla
Entrepreneurial Operations and their Contribution to Bohol Island State
University Rizaleth P. Mepieza
The Effect of WOM, MPR, IMC Tourism Infrastructure and Supporting
Tourism Industry Forward Destination Visitors of Lake Tiga Warna
Kalimutu Ende, Nusu Tenggara Timur, Indonesia NunungRusmiaty
The Design Pattern of Recreational – Tourism Camps: Iran Rea Ziari
The Green Recreational Eco-Adventure Tourism at Dagook Adventure
Tourism Experience Park (G. R. E. A. T. D. A. T. E. PARK) Aida M. Casas
Effectiveness of Marketing Strategies of Tatak Bulakenyo Program: An
Analysis Ivy Mar J. Ramos
What Can We Learn from Foreign Direct Investment, Business Growth and Earning Management? Nemia C. Mallari
Open Forum/Coffee Break
School
Northwestern University
Bohol Island State University
Sahid University, Indonesia
University of Tehran, Iran
Bohol Island State University
Bulacan State University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
Research Title/Presenter
Larvicidal Activity of Selected Plant Extracts Against the Dengue Vector
Aedes Aegypti Mosquito Pedro M. Gutierrez Jr.
Lagundi, Kamias and Aloe Vera Leaves as an Organic Alternative for
Isopropyl Alcohol Ma. Teresa B. Mendoza
School
Cebu Normal university
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Shelf-Life of Arrowroot Starch and Commercialization of Baked Products
Eden Miraballes-Llamera
Bicol University Polangui Campus
Brown Mussel (PernaPerna) : A Product Development Kishelle D. Tipono Partido State University
Coconut Water as Organic Ingredient in Creating Naturally-Made
Mouthwash Maricar Misola
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Performance of Three Varieties of Broccoli Applied in Selected Bio-
Organic Fertilizers Under Abucay, Bataan Condition Benedicto D. Torres
Bataan Peninsula State University
Banana Peel and Oregano Leaves as Alternative Raw Materials in Making Technological Institute of the
Shoe Polish Cecille C. Olimberio Philippines
Open Forum/Coffee Break

2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
Research Title/Presenter School
Programmable Digital Controller (PRODICON) Trainer Michael T. Samonte Technological University of the
Philippines
ICT Based Instruction in a Constructivist Classroom Helen B. Boholano Cebu Normal University
Comic Authoring Tool an Instructional Material Floradel S. Relucio Bicol University Polangui Campus
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
Electronic Board SMS Interactive with Paging System Lorissa Joana E.
Buenas
Wireless Device for Digital Presentation Alessandro T. Petrache
Batangas State University
2:15 – 2:30
Technological University of the
Philippines
Siliman University
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
FilHerbsMobilepedia: An Herbal Plant Application for Android Chuchi S.
Montenegro eSubjAdvisor: An Automated Academic Subject Advisor Gleen A.
Dalaorao
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Caraga State University
Time
1:00 – 1:15
Research Title/Presenter
Cold Roll Laminating Machine Relinda C. Veins
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
Aliw Using IR Technology Ronald Ray. S. Resabal
Multifunctional Probe Tester Rogelio T. Mamadlo ePadyak Anthony C. Cabrillas
Flexi-Trolley Bag Erickson R. Nangkil
Mechanical Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector Marvy Ann A.
Salaum
Development and Validation of Worktext Drawing 2 Erich D. Cruz
Open Forum/Coffee Break
School
Technological University of the
Philippines
Bohol Island State University
Eulogio Amang Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology
Bicol University Polangui Campus
Bohol Island State University
Bohol Island State University
University of Rizal System

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
Research Title/Presenter
Ang Pagbasang Juan for All, All for Juan ng Eat Bulaga at ang Mito ng
‘Bayanihan of d Pipol’ Jeffrey Rosario Ancheta
Representative Tales from Chaucer: Plots, Themes, and Milieu Miriam C.
Flores
School
Cavite State University
University of Cebu
The Concept of Serumpun: Observed Yet Forgotten? Mohd Hazmi Mohd
Rusli
Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
The Empowerment Model for People in Non-Irrigated Land: An Empirical Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Study in Wonogori Regency-Indonesia Akhmad Daerobi
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Predictors of Quality of Life of Institutionalized and Community-Dwelling
Elderly Marylou Ong
Cebu Normal University
Shadow Projection: Elicitation of Emotional Response Jay R. Bautista
Closing the Gap between Science and Commons on the Issue of Food
Safety Virgilio A. Rivas
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Batangas State University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
African Student Mobility in the Philippines: Trends in Opportunities towards Global Excellence in Higher Education Satwinder S. Rehal
Stressors and Job Performance of Public Secondary School Teachers in
Tagum City Division Wiliam M. Felisarta
Extent of Teachers’ Practices of Responsibility, Involvement,
School
University of the Philippines-
Diliman
University of Southeastern
Philippines
Mindoro State College of
Commitment and Excellence in Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Agriculture and Technology
Technology Harieth C. Cawagdan
Father Saturnino Urios University Writing Performance of Selected Probationary Faculty members of
Father Saturnino Urios University Mark B. Ulla
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Student Nurses on Risk Reduction Cagayan State University
Management towards Improving Nursing Education Ma. Angelita S.
Rabanal
Determinants of the Academic Performance of Students Computer
Education in Selected National High Schools in Bongabong, Oriental
Mindoro Maria Jessica A. Enriquez
The Spirituality of Teaching: The Work Spirituality of Selected High
School Performance Teachers in Catholic Grade Schools Adrian Carvajal
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Mindoro State College of
Agriculture and Technology
St. Paul University, Quezon City

Time
3:00 – 3:15
Research Title/Presenter
Promoting the Culture of Publication in Higher Education Safary Wa-
Mbaleka
School
Adventist International Institute of
Advanced Studies, USA
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Individual and Institutional Predictors of Faculty Research Productivity:
Implications to Policies and Resource Allocation Marietta Agustin-Teaño
Wesleyan University-Philippines
Community Needs Assessment in Barangay Sta. Mercedes, Maragondon, Polytechnic University of the
Cavite: Basis for PUP-Maragondon Campus’ Community Extension
Programs Lambert D. De Guia
Philippines, Maragondon Campus
Community Profile of San Isidro, Baclayon, Bohol: Basis for the College of Bohol Island State University
Business, Arts and Sciences (CBAS) Extension Program Rea E. Kibir
Identification and Assessment of Special Population and Institutional
Support Services in Bicol University Zenaida C. Cabrillas
Bicol University
A Method for Determining the Feasible Class Size in Higher Education
Alaine T. Liggayu
Needs Assessment towards A Sustainable Faculty Mentoring Program
Benita Bonus
Open Forum
University of San Carlos
Holy Angel University
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
Research Title/Presenter
WordiFy: A Selected Language Translator Using Digital Image Processing
C++ Code Structure and Algorithm Simulator Ben L. Samiano
Network Architecture and Infrastructure of University of Cebu-Banilad
Management Plan Darlyne L. Brigoli
School
University of Southeastern
Randy S. Gamboa Philippines
Cloud Storage Services in Instruction: The Angeles University Foundation Angeles University Foundation
Experience Ruel V. Reyes
Bicol University Polangui Campus
University of Cebu
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
Cloud Computing Implementation in Higher Educational Institutions
Using Thin Client DemekeGebresenbetBayyou
Development and Evaluation of WorkTxt in Drafting Technology 4
Domingo O. Robles
AMA University
University of Rizal System
4:30 – 4:45 Vision-Based Size Classifier for Carabao Mango Using Parametric Method Aklan State University
Julie Ann A. Salido
4:45 – 5:00 Open Forum

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
Research Title/Presenter School
Design, Development and Evaluation of a Disc-Type Corn Seeder Lloyd V.
Delaraga
Northwestern University
CerT-GA: Ceramic Tile Grout Applicator Anacleta K. Perez Bohol Island State University
Rice Straw Geotxtile as Ground Cover for Soil Erosion Mitigation Rolando
P. Javellonar
Northwestern University
Rice Hulls Soundproofing Material Zina D. Sayson Bohol Island State University
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
The Effects of High Temperature on the Strength of Rice Hush Ash
Concrete Manolito S. San Jose
Magnetic Material Tester: An Instructional Device Myriam C. Jumila
Hinged-Bracket Support for Gutter: Gable Type Roofing Emman Rey J.
Quimson
Angeles University Foundation
Bohol Island State University
Bohol Island State University
4:45 – 5:00 Open Forum
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Effectiveness of I-Pass in Enhancing the Mathematical Problem Solving
Skills of Special Population Rebecca Rosario O. Bercasio
School
Bicol University
The Learning Competencies among Grade 1 Entrants Andrea T. Flores Negros Oriental State University
Correlates of Employability of the Information Technology Graduates of Cagayan State University the Cagayan State University Billy S. Javier
Competency Level of Pre-service Teacher Based on National
Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS) Among Higher Education Philippines
Institutions (HEIs) in the National Capital Region (NCR): An Assessment
Polytechnic University of the
Silvia C. Ambag
Job Performance of the BISU-MC OSM Student Trainees and Supervisory
Skills of their Supervising Personnel Yolanda C. Reños
Bohol Island State University
Centro Escolar University The Students Mastery of the General Botany Subject and Teachers’
Competencies in Teaching General Botany Subject: Basis for Proposed
Online Learning Modules Imelda R. Romero
An Evaluation of a Master in Productivity and Quality Management
Program Theresita V. Atienza
Open Forum
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Quantifying the Impact of the Organizational Performance Indicator
Framework (OPIF) to State Universities and Colleges’ Budgeting
Allocations: A Performance Based Context Jerson A. Monsad
Framing NGO Accountability: A Holistic Approach Ronald Sandoval
Technological University of the
Philippines
School
Adventist International Institute of
Advanced Graduate Studies, Chile
Divine Word College of Calapan Environmental Assessment of Caluangan Lake: A Basis for a Proposed
Strategic Management Plan Joyce B. Lanuza
The CIPP Model in Evaluating the Affiliated Primary Health Care Centers of Cebu Normal University Julius Daño
Cebu Normal University
AIESEC Strategic Approach Applicable to Innovative SMES of Guadalajara
Metropolitan Area Jose G. Vargas-Hernandez
University of Guadalajara, Mexico
Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System
Implementation in Higher Education Almahdi M.S. Ibrahim
Centralized Academic Documents Repository: A Framework for Internal
Ministry of Higher Education of
Libya
Don Bosco Technical College
Audit in Evaluating the School Preparedness for Accreditation Roberto
Baustita
Open Forum
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
Research Title/Presenter
Killings in Zamboanga: A Systems Thinking Perspective Marlone M.
Araneta
Peace Journalism in Conflict-Related News in Online Media Indah
Suryawati
The Net Contribution of the Level of Awareness on the Psychological
Status of the Post Disaster Victims Esperidion B. Corvera Jr.
School
Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Budi Luhur University, Indonesia
Cebu Normal University
Messages and Themes Emerging from Stories of Selected Participants about the Facebook Campaign on its More Fun in the Philippines Steffi A. Baños
Villa
University of the Philippines Los
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
San Isidro Elementary School-Pilot School of Peace: An Assessment
Herbert B. Rosana
Communication Process and Approaches in Community Service among
Student Leaders at the Philippine National University Mark Lester M.
Chico
Land Grabbing in Sub-Sahara Africa: Lessons from Ghana Gad Asorwoe
Akwenivie
Open Forum
Bicol University
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Ministry of Land and Natural
Resources, Ghana

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Sangguniang Barangay: Their Extent of Compliance to the Local
Government Code of 1991 Mary Shirlyn A. Glindo
School
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
University of Cebu Awareness and Utilization of the University of Cebu-Banilad Library
Services Judy Ann F. Gimene
Appraisal Level of Canteen Services Management of the Mindoro State
College of Agriculture and Technology Ronie F. Magsino
Mindoro State College of
Agriculture and Technology
Cebuano’s Brand of Local Governance: Taking the Academe and Citizens’ University of San Carlos
Engagement to a Higher Level Grace C. Magalzo
Administrative Management and Instructional Leadership in the
Critical Discourse Analysis of Information and Communication
Technology in the Local Government of Guagua, Pampanga: The Factors that Pushes, Hinders its Affordances Limitations Raymond C. Timog
Mindanao University of Science and
Implementation of School-Based Management in the Division of Misamis Technology
Oriental, Philippines Arnold C. Deluna
Don Honorio Ventura Technological
State University
Visionary Leadership, Team Building Competence, and Conflict
Resolution Skills of School Administrators: Structural Model on
Organizational Efficiency Arvin A. Andacao
Open Forum
Davao Oriental State College of
Science and Technology
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Impact of Quality of Leaders on Barangay Finance Cindy Quaile
Characterization of Selected Barangays with High and Low Incidence of
Dengue Fever Emilia N. Bustamante
Correlation on the Status and Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of the Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail Christian Anthony C. Agutaya
Knowledge and Practices of Infection Control Among the Personnel in
Selected Hospital Facilities in Cebu City Jezyl T. Cempron
SWOTING K12 Basic Education Program: Its Repercussion to HEIs Ariel P.
Tuazon
Level of Awareness on Environmental Management and its Extent of
Application by Selected Hotels and Resorts in the Municipality of Puerto
Galera Madonna P. Melchor
School
Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Cebu Normal University
Mindoro State College of
Agriculture and Technology
Cebu Normal University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Mindoro State College of
Agriculture and Technology
University of Southern Philippines Corporate Ethical Virtues: A Dichotomy of Higher Education Institutions in Davao City Velouna R. Perez
Open Forum

Time
10:00 – 10:15
School
Bicol University
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
Research Title/Presenter
Analysis of Installed Transformers at Bicol University Main Campus
Fernan D. Dematera
Design, Construction and Test Performance of Tiger Grass Pollen
Remover Con Wood Working Machine Orley G. Fadriquel
The BS Geothermal Engineering Program of the Bicol University:
Implications to the National Renewable Energy Initiatives Medel E.
Aligan
Romblon State University
Bicol University
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
Testing Magnetic Interaction and Newton’s Third Law with an
Improvised Magnetic Force Gauge Apparatus Maria Catherine B. Leelian
Reconfigurable Truncated Rhombus-like Slotted Antenna Integrated with PIN Diodes Suzilawati Muhamud-Kayat
Existing Electrical Equipment/Devices at Bicol University Main Campus
Alwin M. Lunas
A Case Study: Optimizing the Fabrication Area for Metal Enclosures
Using Time and Motion Study and Pro Model Simulation in RLS-STC
Power Electric Corporation Jocelyn E. Delgado
Open Forum
Josefina H. Cerilles State College
UniversitiTeknologi Mara
Bicol University
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Time
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
Research Title/Presenter School
Competing Values Framework of Administrators among Private Colleges Chiang Kai Shek College in the National Capital Region Raymond Q. Datuon
Cebu Normal University An Evaluation of the Special BSN Program for Medical Doctors Aida A.
Inabangan
Tracking the Effectiveness of Graduate Education: Basis for Planning and Curriculum Enrichment Emilia P. Pacoy
University of Southern Philippines
Davao Del Norte State College National Comprehensive-Based Teacher Standards Assessment and
Intervention on Teacher Institutions Ruby V. Gonzales
Toward a More Effective End-of-Course Evaluation Scheme Subra R.
Subramanya
Variables Associated with the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET)
Readiness of the Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSE) Pre-Service
National University, USA
Tarlac College of Agriculture
Teachers of the Tarlac College of Agriculture S.Y 2010-2011 Analyn
Diane Perez-Silverio
The Interdisciplinary Graduate Degree: Pearls, Pitfalls and Provocation
Matthew A. Eichler
Texas State University, USA
11:45 – 12:00 Open Forum

Time
10:00 – 10:15
Research Title/Presenter
Relationship between Client, Clinical Related Factors and the Level of
Effectiveness of Directly Observed Treatment Shorthcourse (D.O.T.S)
Ma. Sheryll A. Hilario
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
School
Ramon Magsaysay Technological
University
Why Do People Eat or Don’t Eat Vegetables Maria Estela M. Jamorabo Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Prevalence of Parasitic Infection and Relationship with Anemia in Al-
Doullab Village-Babylon Province, Iraq Ahmed K.A Al-Hamairy
University of Babylon, Iraq
Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructure in Korea YgeeLarion Sejong University, South Korea
Evaluation of IL-1a and other Immunological Factors for Appendicitis University of Babylon, Iraq
Abd Alnabi J. Abid
In the Midst of Traditional Birth Attendants: herbs, Mysticism and
Medical Implications Bryan Joseph Matillano
Leyte Normal University
Communication of Health Issues among Aeta Community Claudia Odette Manuel Enverga University
J. Ayala Foundation
Open Forum
Time
10:00 – 10:15
Research Title/Presenter
A Collation of Matigsalug Indigenous Games in Sitio Malamba, Marilog
District, Davao City Redner D. Palomaria
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
School
University of the Philippines
Mindanao
Mt. Isarog Literature: A Showcase of Camarinense Cultural Diversity Ma. Partido State University
Aurora Gratela Caballero
Monolinggwal na Glosaryo ng mga Leksikong Katutubo sa Pag-iirok sa
Indang, Cavite Melinda L. Nomananap
Lyceum of the Philippines
University – Cavite
Effective Participation of Indigenous Cultural Communities in Philippine
Politics: an Elusive Dream Zoilo Belano Jr.
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
The Spanish Fort Ruins and Watchtower at Sabang, San Jose, Camarines
Sur: A Historical Analysis Siony O. Pervera
Partido State University
Northwestern University Scenarios to the Futures of Ilocano Language Usage Using Jim Dator’s
Alternative Futures Archetypes Romelene G. Pacis
Ang Historiograpiya sa Agos ng Kasaysayan Pilipino Raul Roland R.
Sebastian
Open Forum
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines

Time
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
Research Title/Presenter School
EFL Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy, English Proficiency and Instructional Olivarez College
Strategies in Language Centers: Towards Development of Blueprint for
English Language Pedagogy Bernadette Anne A. Uy
An Exploratory Research on the Combined Large-and-Small Class Mode of Teaching College Towards Syllabi Enhancement Maria Luisa B. Recillo
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
L2 Learners Mother Tongue, Language Diversity and Language Academic Philippine Normal University –
Achievement Leticia N. Aquino Isabela
First and Second Language Mix: Tools in Learning a Third Language
Corazon A. Prejoles
Cebu Normal University
Text Messaging in Language Skills Assessment Juancho M. Babista
The Construction of Meaning in Indonesia’s Presidential Election 2009
Debate Program “Indonesia Bersatu” on Metro TV Novita Damayanti
Impact of Journalism among Student-Leaders and Writers in Selected
Schools in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines Maria Christina N. Ganas
Open Forum
Southern Luzon State University
Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo
(Beragama), Indonesia
Mindanao University of Science and
Technology
Time
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
Research Title/Presenter
Plastic Granulator with Concrete Mixer Joseph M. Cabiente
Design and Evaluation of Solar Powered Wind Vane and Anemometer
Stimulator Neonita B. Palmaria
Design, Fabrication of a Biofermenting Machine on a Village Level
Guillermo S. Rillon Jr.
Undervoltage Monitoring and Control Device for Motors Ghazali
Illuminada R. Sison
Microcontroller-based Money Coiner Albert S. Mercado
Hybrid Go Green Cart Ma. Erlyn L. Eroles
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) – Based Child Monitoring Device
Maribelle R. Jualayba
11:45 – 12:00 Open Forum
School
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Partido State University
Tarlac College of Agriculture
Technological University of the
Philippines
Batangas State University
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Technological University of the
Philippines

Time
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
Research Title/Presenter
The Students’ Teaching Development through Social Networks Singh
Singkhajorn
Two Media Paradigms in Framing Religious Conflict Abdul Wahid
Factors Affecting Thai Movies Selection of People in Bangkok Sanpach
Jiarananon
Poverty on Charity Reality Show in Indonesia Mediana Handayani
School
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat
University, Thailand
Crowdsourcing: The Advent of Open Innovative Researches Ivan Brian L.
Inductivo
Lyceum of the Philippines
University – Cavite
The Vision Machines and the Future without Bodies Jayson C. Jimenez Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat
University, Thailand
Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo
(Beragama), Indonesia
Notre Dame University Enhanced Emotional Intelligence as an Approach to Promoting Peaceful
Behavior of Children Estelita S. Gayak
Open Forum
Time
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:30
10:30 – 10:45
10:45 – 11:00
11:00 – 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
Research Title/Presenter
A.S.T.I.G.: Innovating Health Education Strategies for Anti-Smoking
Jestoni D. Maniago
Degree of Parental Support and Level of Adaptive Skills of Children with
Mental Retardation Adelaila J. Leaño
Adolescents Life Satisfaction and Academic Performance: Moderating
Role of Monthly Family Income, Number of Family Members and
Education of Parents Niclie L. Tiratira
Adolescents, Media and Media Education: A Critical Perspective in
Indian Context Bindu Sharma
The Lived Experiences of Males Having Sex with Males (MSM) Towards
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Intervention Program Bernadeth
L. Gerodias
Knowledge and Attitude on Contraception by Women of Reproductive
Age Joshua B. Basibas
Knowledge, Attitude and Sources of Information on HIV of College
Students in a University in Western Visayas Zesil Gay E. Gelle
Open Forum
School
Ramon Magsaysay Technological
University
Philippine Normal University –
Isabela
University of Rizal System
Kurukshetra University, India
Southern Philippines Medical
Center
Saint Louis University
University of San Agustin

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Seeing Through the Lense: Home for the Aged Facility in Northern
Mindanao Weena B. Damulo
Mindanao University of Science and
Technology
School
Fall Risk and Physical Fitness in Healthy Older Population Dhanesh Kumar Nitte University, India
Women Empowerment thru Comprehensive Advocacy on Renewable Don Honorio Ventura Technological
Energies for Aurora Benigno P. Legamia Jr.
Women Voices in Philippine Primetime Soaps Ramir Philip Jones V.
Sonsona
State University
Mindanao University of Science and
Technology
National University of Malaysia Muslim Women’s Memoirs: Disclosing Violence or Reproducing
Islamophobia Esmaeil Zeiny Jelodar
Retired Professional Women Educators in Government Service and the
Socio-Cultural Development of the Province of Zambales: A Case Study
Esmen M. Cabal
Ramon Magsaysay Technological
University
Theory on Meaningful Retirement through Volunteerism: An Application Velez College among the Elderly Carol A. Kangleon
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
Research Title/Presenter
Mathematical Modeling of Paths of Selected Typhoons from 1999 to
2008 Jacky Boy E. Atienza
A Proof on the Conjecture of Paul Seymour, Aurea Z. Rosal
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
Developing a Survival Model for the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in
Type II Diabetes Using Cox Regression Analysis Jackie D. Urrutia
Mathematical Properties in Solutions of SuDoku Puzzles Vincent
Theodore M. Balo
Students’ Understanding of the Algebraic Concepts of Equivalence and
Variables Vanessa C. Zubieta
The Number of 3-By-3 Matrices Over Zp with Eigenvalues in the Same
Field John Patrick B. Sta. Maria
The Polynomial Approximation of the Life Expectancy of Filipino Men and Women Using Cubic Spline Paul Vincent Botin
2:45 – 3:00
Open Forum/Coffee Break
School
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Cebu Normal University
Southern Luzon State University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Cavite State University

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Managing the Vulnerable Fisheries Through Introducing Eco-system
School
Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Based Management (EBFM) for Central Java Province-Indonesia Lambok
Tampubolon
Integrating the Roles of the Academe, Policy Makers and Local Residents Mindanao University of Science and in the Restoration, Rehabilitation and Reduction of Mining Activities of Technology
Iponan River, Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines Wilfredo B. Lomibao
Oil Seeps Affinity and Basin Modeling Used for Hydrocardon Discoveries in the Kifle, Merjan and Ekheither Fields, West Iraq AmerJassim Al-
Khafaji
University of Babylon, Iraq
Carbon Footprint of Norsu Main Campus, Agueda T. Castillo
Reducing Gas Emission from Minimizing the Use of Liquified Petroleum
Negros Oriental State University
Mindanao State University of
Gas (LPG) and Vehicle Fuel at the Household Level: A Distinct Role of
Academe Lloyd Allan L. Cabunoc
Study and Flow of Sediment Transport in Mandulog River, Iligan City
Science and Technology
Philippine Science High School
Christine Marie T. Ceblano Central Visayas
Effluent Discharge of Slaughtered Domestic Livestock in Deposition Sites Mindanao University of Science and
Technology of the River Watershed in Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines Oliva P.
Canencia
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
Research Title/Presenter
Removal of Mercury (II) Ions from Aqueos Solution using a Fixed Bed
Activated Carbon Microcolumn and Quantitation by UV-Vis
Spectrophotometry Sevetrim B. Torrejos
Characterization and Microbiological Assay of the Leaf Extract of
Tabebuia Avellaneda (Taheebo) Ofelia B. Villamor
Designed Adaptation Hypothesis: A Novel Model on the Origin of
Species Edward Laurence L. Opena
School
Davao del Norte College
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Cebu Normal University
Variations in the Species Composition, Diversity and Species Richness of
Holothurians in Northern Cagayan Helen Grace P. Bangi
Mitotic Inhibition of Sea Urchin Fertilizer Eggs Using Sulfated
Polysaccharide from HolothuriScabra Jaegar (Class Holothuroidea) Mark
Louie D. Lopez
Cagayan State University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
Inventory of Fungi Species in the University of Rizal System, Tanay
Campus Cyrene T. Navalta
Straight Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Stretching in Three Dimensional
Spherical Coordinates: A Hida-Street Integral Formulation Approach
Gibson T. Maglasang
2:45 – 3:00
Open Forum/Coffee Break
University of Rizal System
Cebu Normal University

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
Research Title/Presenter
Evangelization through Education: The Practice of Filipino Dominican
Education in Colegio de San Juan de Letran Marie Christine R. Rio
Solidarity through Dialogue: Han Kung’s Global Ethics Jonathan G.
Florendo
School
Colegio de San Juan Letran
Saint Loius University
Curses and Religious Expressions among Selected Ethno-Linguistic
Groups in Central Mindanao: An Ethnographic Study Marilyn G. Billiones
The Greater Good as Gleaned from Interviews with Select Group of
Retired Professors Noahlyn Maranan
Notre Dame University
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Experienced Teachers Understanding of Environmental Issues: A
Formative Evaluation Maricar H. Sison
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Spirituality of Employees and their Attitude toward their Co-workers and Northwestern University
Work Maricon M. Guillermo
2:30 – 2:45 Isabela State University
2:45 – 3:00
Children in a Triadic World: Violence, Sensuality and Freedom Marinel
Palattao-Dayawon
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter School
Predictors for Estimating the Possible Damages Due to Tropical Cyclones Polytechnic University of the
Lincoln Bautista Philippines
Comparative Analysis of Third Year High School Students Performance in Philippine Normal University-
Scientific Measurement in the Three Modes of Testing Eliseo P. Marpa Negros Occidental Campus
The Employment Trend of RTU Employees in the Next Ten Years (2013-
2022): Basis for Plans and Programs Marivic T. Sanchez
Rizal Technological University
Predictors of School Choice of Information Technology Students Rex P.
Bringula
Predictors on the Success of Civil Engineers in the Licensure Board
Examination Reynaldo Nicdao
University of the East
Don Honorio Ventura Technological
State University
Forecasting Exchange Rate: US Dollar vs. Philippine Peso Edcon B. Baccay Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Comparative Analysis of Non-Normal Classification Groups in Modified
Discriminant Analysis Rogelio C. Golez
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Mindanao University of Science and
Technology

Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Research Engagement of Nutritionist-Dietitians in Philippine Hospitals:
An Assessment Adela Jamorabo-Ruiz
Designs, Methods and Perspectives of Community Development
Research in Selected Higher Education Institutions Maria Ana T. Quimbo
Laguna Polytechnic University System Four Fold Functions as Perceived by College Mentors Balencia R. Aduana
Assessment of the Competencies of the Filipino Food and Beverage
Crew in the Cruise Industry Jocelyn Y. Camalig
School
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Lyceum of the Philippines
Technology Transfer in the Philippine Food Processing Industry: An
Exploratory Study Sami Khayat
Negros Oriental State University
MAAP-INM International Cooperation and Partnerships: Its Relevance on the Recent Philippine MET Development Angelica M. Baylon
Maritime Academy of Asia and the
Pacific
Level of Stress and Susceptibility of Illness/Health Change of Team
Captains of a Business Process Outsourcing Company in Taguig City Jasel
Far Eastern University
Rubie Reyes
Open Forum/Coffee Break
Time
1:00 – 1:15
1:15 – 1:30
1:30 – 1:45
1:45 – 2:00
2:00 – 2:15
2:15 – 2:30
2:30 – 2:45
2:45 – 3:00
Research Title/Presenter
Microfinance Institutions, their Social Entrepreneurship Agenda and
Factors Empowering SOCCSKSARGEN Micro Entrepreneurs Ronald
Germo Mamaril
Organizational Crisis: Relationships that Affects Vulnerability
Fukofuka Sunia
Whether Different Changing Tax Rates Cause the Risk Level of Listed
Vietnam Banking Firms Increase or Decrease So Much? Dinh Tran Ngoc
Huy
Organizational Culture and Climate of the Supreme Student
Government in the Public Secondary Schools in the Division of Oriental
Mindoro and Calapan City Alain A. Mendoza
Quality of Work Life: It’s Relationship to Faculty Productivity in Higher
Education Institutions in Capiz Samson B. Begas
People Skills and Job Performance of Front Office Employees among
Triple “A” Hotels in Boracay Christopher D. Tolores
Quality Assessment of Laboratory High Schools in the National Capital
Region Dennis O. Dumrique
Open Forum/Coffee Break
School
Notre Dame University
Adventist International Institute of
Advanced Studies, Tonga
International University of Japan
Mindoro State College of
Agriculture and Technology
Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion
Aklan State University
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
Research Title/Presenter School
Development of a Bag-Type Rider’s Reflectorized Safety Jacket Adriano B. Don Honorio Ventura Technological
Singian State University
Portable Self-Sustaining Electric Generator Froilan G. Destreza Batangas State University
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
Savoring Burger Taste with Krill Patties Maricel Y. Ocampo Don Honorio Ventura Technological
State University
Batangas State University
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Design and Development of Prototype for the Conversion of Rainwater to Potable Water Rejie C. Magnaye
Possibilities of Waste Shredded Luffa Fiber and Waste Mixed Plastic as
Composite Materials in Particle Board Ariel A. Dela Cruz
Performance of Free Range Chicken through Feed and Drink
Supplimentation Using Crops, Fruits, Crops’ leaves and Herbal Extracts
Judy M. Sorsano
Coconut “Palapa” : An Alternative Material for Wood Tile Revelina C.
Ansay
Open Forum
Technological University of the
Philippines
Ramon Magsaysay Technological
University
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Issues and Concerns in the Implementation of Information Technology
School
Davao del Norte State College
Program of State-Run Higher Education Institutions in Davao Region Ariel
O. Gamao
Investigating the Information and Communication Technology Skills of
Teachers in the Division of Iligan City Enerio E. Ebisa
Department of Education Iligan City
Development of a Model for ICT Utilization among Selected Higher
Education Institutions in Mindanao Juse Lyn P. Hiponia
University of Southeastern
University
Filipino- Maranao Bi-Directional Language Translator with Text-to Speech Polytechnic University of the
Synthesizer Illuminada Vivien R. Domingo Philippines
ICT Competencies of Public School Teachers in a DepEd District, Division of Laguna Jaderick P. Pabico
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
Academic Program Tool Selection for Incoming College Students Utilizing Don Bosco Technocal College
Knowledge-Based System Alvin Teruel
Attendance Monitoring System Using Radio Frequency Identification
Device Mary Jane Concepcion
Open Forum
Technological University of the
Philippines

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Leveling Up: An Investigation into Students’ Learning Experiences within a Role-Playing Game-Based System Design for DEV C40 (Fundamental of
Educational Communication Technology) University of the Philippines,
Los Baños Jon Paul Maligalig
University of the Philippines Los
Baños
School
The Inquiry-Based Approached in Teaching and Learning College Algebra
Freddie R. Cabreba
Isabela State University
Implementing Satellite Community Outreach Program for Computer
Literacy Utilizing E-Learning Technology Raychelou Valencia
Arellano University
Saint Louis University Indigenizing the Teaching of Social Studies in Secondary Level Marilyn
Balmeo
Teaching Styles and Student Learning Styles Preferences of the College of Teacher Education in BISU Clarin, Bohol Ramil S. Bulilan
Levels of Questions Asked by College Mathematics Teachers Lynette D.
Perido
Bohol Island State University
Lyceum of the Philippines
University-Cavite
Handwriting Examination and Identification Procedures for Judicial
Administration: A Proposed Model Gregorio B. Mendoza, Jr.
Open Forum
Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion
Time
3:00 – 3:15
Research Title/Presenter
The Development of Centralized Library System of the Island State
University Renante S. Digamon
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
School
Bohol Island State University
Online Barangay Lumbangan Information System Benjie R. Samonte Batangas State University
PHCIS: A Public Health Center Information System Catherine C. Napinas Bohol Island State University
Development and Validation of Flora Inventory Management System
Raymond S. Bermudez
A Microsimulation Study on the Effects of Traffic Schemes to Vehicular
Travel Time in a Real-world Busy Roundabout Merly F. Tataro
Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation
Polytechnic University of the
Philippines
Interactive Arnis Training System Vicente Reynaldo M. Estrella Technological University of the
Philippines
Instructional Ignition System Trainer: A Utility Model Jimcel P. Pecaso Partido State University
Open Forum

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Students’ Loyalty as Determinants to MQCPI’s Success: an Assessment
Rommel Joseph G. Lazatin
Knowledge and Understanding Development about Thai’s Matters of
Law for Governance Improvement Piboon Vitoonpanyakul
From Macro to Microscale Experiments in Chemistry: A Cost Analysis
Agnes R. Pesimo
Special Needs of Students with Hearing Impairment and Challenges in the Special Education Helene D. Daya
Assessing the Competence Level of Preschool Teachers in Baguio City
Joselito Castro Gutierrez
Building Safety and Resilience: A Study on Disaster Preparedness at ISU
Cauayan Campus as a Basis for Creating a Disaster Training Program
Precila C. Delima
United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change Policies: A
Comparative Analysis Karl Patrick S. Casas
Open Forum
School
Mary the Queen College-Pampanga
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat
University, Thailand
Partido State University
Southern Luzon State University
Saint Louis University
Isabela State University
Cebu Normal University
Time
3:00 – 3:15
Research Title/Presenter
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by the Ifugaos: Its
Implication to Indigenous Pharmacology and Biodiversity Paul Angelo A.
Tamayo
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Parasites of Cultured Tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus Linn.) from Laguna
Lake Michele T. Bono
Automotive Electrical Electronic Parts Checker with Built-In Battery
Charger Mario J. Aycardo
Simulator and Advisory Software for PC Troubleshooting Javi Anne O.
Interno
Sociological and Historical Analysis of Anton Chekov’s Selected Short
Stories Lito L. Diones
Mga Institutusyong Itinatag ng mga Amerikano Laban sa mga ‘Taong-
Labas’, 1902-1907 Caroline C. Lontoc
A Phenomenology of the Death March Sonny Rae I. Fernando
Open Forum
School
Isabela State University
Cavite State University
Bicol University Polangui Campus
Technological University of the
Philippines
Cebu Normal University
Cavite State University
Mariano Marcos State University

Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Revisiting the BASI Revolt of 1807: Its Historical and Axiological
Relevance, Jayson L. Antonio
Political Economy of Conflict: The Case of Southeastern Mindanao
Sherlito C. Sable
Changing the Landscape of the Neighborhood: The Internationalization of Local Community in Pampanga Mercedes Q. Cabling
Self Sufficiency and Empowerment through Community Education: The
Caputatan Model Jennifer D. Pano
School
Mariano Marcos State University
University of Southeastern
Mindanao
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Cebu Normal University
Digital Societies, Ageing Societies: Divergences, Intersections and
Lacunae in Official and Academic Discourse Damien Spry
Hallym University, South Korea
Uprising in Egypt, Libya and Syria: Implications to the Philippine Economy Cebu Normal University
Ferdinand T. Abocejo
The Political Communication of the Acehnese Society A Case Study of
Local Wisdom of the Gampong Governance-Aceh Understanding
Budi Luhur University, Indonesia
Umaimah Wahid
Open Forum
Time
3:00 – 3:15
3:15 – 3:30
3:30 – 3:45
3:45 – 4:00
4:00 – 4:15
4:15 – 4:30
4:30 – 4:45
4:45 – 5:00
Research Title/Presenter
Design and Implementation of an Acoustic-Based Car Engine Fault
School
De La Salle University - Laguna
Diagnostic System in the Android Platform Roy Francis Navea
Local Rice Analyzer Using Computer Vision Mary Regina B. Apsay
SIM Key Activated Security Lock System with SMS and Email Notification
Alert Mario Lord S. Luna
Impact Assessment of the PC Recycling Project in Region 2
Bitanga
Mary Jane S.
Our Lady of Fatima University
Angeles University Foundation
Developing a Document Workflow and approval System Implemented as
Multitier Application Using Java Technologies Reir Erlinda E. Cutad
Davao del Norte State College
Isabela State University
University of the East Triple Data Encryption Standard, Encryption Algorithm Modification
Alitheia Joy P. Jayme
Developing Shareable Content Objects for Related Information
Technology Courses Hosted in Multiple Learning Management Systems
Hazel A. Gameng
Open Forum
Davao del Norte State College

Tolerance in Silence: Malaysian Students’ Attitudes toward Homosexuals
Awang Ideris bin Awang Daud and Khadijah Mohd Tuah
Universi Malaysia Sarawak
Homosexuality is a real issue that attracts attention of parties of interest. The policy makers and some quarters of the society are very concerned about the potential effects homosexuality may cause to the community at large. To tackle this issue effectively, first and foremost we need to have the fundamental understanding of the attitudes toward homosexuality among our diverse population. Hence, this paper examined the extent of homophobia among a diverse 694 undergraduates attending a Malaysian public university. The purpose of this study was to identify if there are differences in attitudes towards homosexuality by age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientations, and religion among these university students.
Survey data was statistically analyzed using cross-tabulations, mean comparisons, independent t-tests, and multiple regressions. All hypotheses in the study were supported except gender. Specifically, attitudes toward homosexuality among the university students are somewhat affected by their age, sexual orientations, ethnicity and religions. Multiple regression analyses suggested that approximately 22.1% of the variance of attitudes toward homosexuality can be accounted for by the linear combination of these predictors with religion contributed the most. More research is suggested to investigate the effects of values and religions on the attitudes toward homosexuality particularly in a delicate social fabric of
Malaysia. In order to gauge the true attitudes toward homosexuality, a more appropriate scale or measure appropriate to a Malaysian setting is needed. Lastly, as homosexuality is a highly sensitive and delicate issue in the Malaysian context, its handling must be done with the greatest care as not to “hurt” anyone.
Youth Risk Behaviors among Urban and Rural Public
High School Students in Cebu Province
Daisy R. Palompon, Jezyl T. Cempron and Dexter S. Ontoy
Cebu Normal University
This study determines the current risk behaviors of the youth ages 12-19 years old in Cebu. This serves as benchmark for development of local policies that favor the promotion and protection of the health of young people. This study examined the prevalence and distribution of youth risk behaviors from five risk behavior domains- violence / aggression, depression and suicidal ideation, substance use, sexual behaviors and health-related behaviors- among secondary school students in Cebu. A cross-sectional survey was utilized in this study. The respondents of this study were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: a) male and female adolescents ages 12 to 20 years old, b) currently studying in secondary level, c) resident (not less than five years) of Cebu Province, including Cebu City. Exclusion Criteria include adolescents who have been admitted in rehabilitation centers since they were already exhibiting actual outcome negative behaviors. In addition, the researchers’ focus of interest is the risk behaviors of the adolescent. Multistage sampling was employed. The sample size is 743 secondary students as respondents to acquire robust representation of the population. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (CDCC, 2009) which is modified to fit with the objectives of the study will be utilized. Risk behaviors are taken as nominal data, as well as, gender,

subjective economic status and geographical areas. The odds ratio is one of a range of statistics used to assess the risk of a particular outcome (or disease) if a certain factor (or exposure) is present. It is shown that the prevalence and distribution of youth risk behaviors from four risk behavior domains namely, violence / aggression, depression and suicidal ideation, substance use and sexual behaviors among secondary school students in Cebu differs. Depression and suicidal ideation is highest while sexual behavior is the lowest in both urban and rural areas in early and late adolescent stages. In terms of gender, physical aggression and depression/suicidal ideation are two of the most common high risk behaviors of both males and females. However, it is noticeable that in income groups, low and moderate family earners are more at risk to develop depression and suicidal ideation but the high earners are significantly more prone to substance use and sexual aggression.
An Impact of New Media Platform to the Young Age Social
Habits: A Prologue (A Descriptive Research Based on
Palembang’s Youthin University of Bina Darma Palembang)
Ema Apriyani
University of Bina Darma, Indonesia
New media unintentionally brings new habits, especially among young age community. This research was designed to bring an insight of how new media affects the social habits of people in age between 18 𝑡ℎ to
23 𝑡ℎ years old. Using descriptive qualitative approach, this research was conduct by involving 155 young men and women, chosen randomly from University of Bina Darma students. Data collected by using focus group discussions, assisted by 31 research assistants who served as moderator. Data collection for the study was conducted over two months from November to December 2012; data processing itself takes three weeks after. Of the 31 focus group discussion’s result can be determined as follows: first, the new media’s devices become one of the most important and favorite items for young people, especially in Palembang.
Ownership of the objects is even come out on top the scale of importance than other items. The Second result is about their popular choices for social media and the reason behind the selection. Next finding is about how these youth connects their life and adapts with e-technology as a substitute for their traditional technology. The last finding is about how these young people think about the future of old media against the new media challenge.

The Exploration on Impact of Trafficking and Sexual
Exploitation toward Women Migrant Workers:
A Case in Riau, Indonesia
Denik Iswardani Witarti, Sharifah Farradina, Melly Ridaryanthi and Anggun Puspita
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
The opportunity for working outside the homeland to pursue a better life is tempted, especially for those who are living unsettled in term of economic wise and have no proper education. This situation has brought to some issues pertaining abusement of migrant workers, especially women who are considered infirm.
Women trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation toward them are considered as crime and violation of human rights. Reports from various sources pertaining the trauma, humiliation and fear of physical violence and psychological perceived are alarming. Regarding the phenomenon described, this study intended to give a comprehensive overview on the impact of this issue in Riau, Indonesia which considered as one of strategic points in Indonesia where deviation of migrant workers flow may occur. Focus group discussions were held to gain depth and comprehensive understanding. Data were analyzed by considering practical implication of socio-culture, psychology, and national security aspects. Pull and push factors of the situation are revealed as the trigger of the desire for working abroad by considering the interaction among communities. Recommendation for holding counselling services in order to minimize the psychological distress, improve psychological well-being, as well as the prevention and rehabilitation toward the victims. Trafficking as part of national security are discussed critically as part of political aspects.
Re-Creating the Lived Experience of Women in a Struggle for Agrarian Reform in Hacienda Luisita
Lodigario A. Rigor, Jr.
University of the Philippines Los Baños
The study was borne out of the researcher’s interest to understand the events surrounding the “Hacienda
Luisita Massacre” of November 16, 2004. It was also rooted on the researcher’s desire to situate
Development Communication in a socio-politically charged development issue like agrarian reform. The research was guided by the general question: What is an agrarian reform struggle as a lived experience by
Hacienda Luisita women? Its epistemological and methodological groundwork was classical phenomenology. Its specific objectives were to:1) describe what constituted the Hacienda Luisita women’s meanings of their agrarian reform struggle; 2) discuss the Hacienda Luisita women’s understanding of their agrarian reform struggle; and 3) explicate the core meaning of an agrarian reform struggle which emerged from the participants’ accounts. Five women from one agrarian reform organization were chosen as participants through purposive sampling. Data were gathered through three batches of qualitative interviewing. Pre- and post-interview bracketing was done. The data gathered were analyzed using the
Grounded Theory approach. Afterwards, eidetic reduction was done to surface the essence of the experience. The five women participants described their struggle in four general themes, as follows: 1) struggle was sparked by contextual issues; 2) struggle valued women’s participation; 3) struggle addressed needs; and 4) struggle was fought on different fronts. It was concluded that the core meaning or the essence of their experience of struggling was sacrifice. The research recommends a greater involvement in the scholarship and practice of DevCom on the socio-political aspect of agrarian reform and development.

Mary Grace O. Gumpal
Isabela State University
This study aims to find out the implication of Filipino mythology and animism to the behavior of children.
The one hundred and seventy seven (177) pupils of three public elementary schools in Echague, Isabela were the participants. In this study, the indigenous research method such as pakikipagwentuhan, pakikisalamuha, pagtatanong-tanong and pagmamasid were employed. Results showed that folktales and animism are still practiced and parents are using those myths and animistic characters as object of fear to shape their children’s behavior. Most children are very aware on their tradition, beliefs and the different myths their parents and other caretakers told them. It was also revealed that many families in the town still resort to some animistic practices to treat sickness. Moreover, it is also found out that because of these animistic beliefs, children acquire a good set of positive behaviors such as being respectful, obedient, and religious. However, timidity and cowardice also tends to develop as they are afraid to unseen entities and what can it do to them. It can be said that myths and animism could be viewed as part of our Filipino culture and not part of Filipino personality. Parenting styles should be reviewed; using animistic characters to mold their children’s behavior should be eliminated, positive behaviors of children should be flaunted and rewarded and parents and other caretakers should set the good examples to children.
Text Analysis towards Understanding the College
English Learners Interlanguage
Eileen M. Gruta
University of the Philippines Los Baños
Writing in English proves to be quite a challenge for nonnative speakers, particularly for university students who grapple with the early stages of their interlanguage development. Interlanguage (IL) denotes the distinct and peculiar language produced by learners. It is defined as a transitional system between their mother tongue and the target language, progressing from random errors , emergent , systematic to stabilized stages. In a postcolonial, multilingual society like the Philippines, the notion of interlanguage puts the English language errors--commonly viewed as “wrong grammar”--into proper perspective: that these are not due to intellectual capacity or acquisitional deficiencies but to sociocultural context . This research derives from analyzing the students’ written text. Aimed at profiling the English learners of University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), the study explores into their interlanguage errors and stages of IL development, language use and proficiency, as well as perception and attitude toward using the American colonizer’s English. Ideally, the College English course should facilitate the interlanguage transition from emergent to systematic stage and jumpstart the learning toward eventual stabilization. Research findings, however, reveal that a significant number of students remain stuck in the stage of random errors. The text analysis in this study situates the learners in the national university’s autonomous unit in Southern Tagalog region, a stronghold of the dominant ethnolinguistic group. The hometown scholars are mostly bilinguals (80%). In this local science & technology hub, nine out of 10 students gear for a future career in varied scientific disciplines that inevitably require writing skills in
English. The undergraduates are required to take, aside from the General Education (GE) English courses, a technical writing course from which the study has drawn its sample of scientific papers. Ultimately, the

learner’s interlanguage may be helpful in understanding their needs and fostering multicompetent language users among students.
Addressing Individual Differences through Blended Learning
Rommel W. Otero, Marilyn L. Laspinas and Jigger B. Ababon
Cebu Normal University
Blended learning combines several learning environments with the end in view of fully engaging the learner in the process of education. However, current literature shows different consideration on the potential disciplinary gap in the blended learning utilization, as a result there are more of evidences from crosscountry, institutional, and disciplinary investigations. This study aimed to explore and analyze literature on blended learning consideration in order to develop theory. The research is reflected in two questions: Why should blended learning be used? What activities, classroom or otherwise would capture the interest of the 21 st century learners. From the identified phenomena, axioms, and proposition, a theory is generated that blended learning is rooted in the idea that learning is not just a one-time and one-place event – but that learning is a continuous process. Blending provides various benefits over using any single learning delivery type alone. However, it is not the mixing and matching of different learning delivery modes by itself that is of significance, but the focus on the learning outcome which is focus on optimizing achievement of learning objectives, through applying the right learning technologies to match the right personal learning style to transfer the right skills to the right person at the right time.
An Exploratory Study on Simulated Teaching as
Experienced by Education Students
Janet Presnilla-Espada
Leyte Normal University
Empirical research has shown that simulated teaching could be one of the most powerful tools in preparing college education students for a solid field teaching experience. With the right function and mechanics, this pedagogy can equip students with the necessary teaching skills, aptitudes and competencies. Using a 30item Likert-type Perceptions Scale on Simulated Teaching this 3- year exploratory study examined 352 undergraduate education students’ perceptions on their simulated teaching experience wrapped in a live action role play. The study anchored on the model-centered instruction, transfer of learning and embodied cognition theories further probed into their beliefs, attitudes and conative tendencies in the course of the immersion process. Results showed that majority of the respondents strongly believed they should be exposed to teaching prior to practicum and agreed that early training could develop their competence in teaching. They showed a highly positive attitude towards simulated teaching as an effective way to acquire and apply both content and skills in teaching and learning. Based on the findings, it may be concluded that when simulated teaching functions under conditions such as clear goals, guidelines, proper mentoring and guidance from teachers, students are then able to unlock and develop their potentials and prepare them for every issue they will face in their practicum stage. The study further confirms a long-held principle that prolonged practice builds expertise.

Modified Bingo Chromosome: An Effective Tool in Teaching
Chromosomal Identification
Marisol Solis-Foronda
Isabela State University
Recently there has been increased interest in the use of instructional games. It has been argued that young people have changed in ways that turn them off to conventional instruction (Prensky, 2001, p. 01-06). It has also been suggested that instructional because of their applied and dynamic nature can heighten the learner’s motivation and interest more effectively than classroom lectures (Greenbelt, 1981, p. 147). This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Modified Bingo Chromosome in teaching the topic
Chromosomal Identification. Modified Bingo chromosome is a teaching tool designed to fully understand the seven groups of chromosomes in a form of a game. It aimed to teach students in arranging and matching the correct pair of chromosomes through an interactive game. The one group pretest-posttest experimental design was used as the framework of the study. Fifty-six students were taught the topic
Chromosomal Identification using the teaching tool developed. The pre-test and post-test results were subjected to t-test of independent means to determine whether the treatment was effective or not. The tvalue (t=3.8; p<0.05) showed that there is a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test of the students. It can be concluded therefore that Modified Bingo Chromosome is an effective tool in teaching
Chromosomal Identification. Hence, it is recommended that this tool be used as an additional teaching tool in teaching the topic to students.
Digital Story Telling Through eLearning as Non-Formal
Education Activity: the Polytechnic University of the
Philippines Institute of Technology
Rudolf Anthony A. Lacerna
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) Institute of Technology (ITech) facilitated digital story telling through eLearning materials as non-formal education activity in various communities that is the response to one of the eight-point agenda of the institution, which Institutionalizing Civil Society
Engagement and Involved Extension Service Program. It is also important to discuss this PUP ITech’s initiated activity to researchers, eLearning practitioners, TVET administrators and even traditional educational institutions for them to come up with their own projects for community development. With that, this paper explained the following: the purpose of the eLearning materials, the problems encountered in the activity implementation and the assessed needs for the institute to continue the activity. Descriptive
Design and Case Study as Qualitative Tradition of Inquiry were employed in this research. Because of that, the experiences of the PUP ITech in conducting non-formal education activities for community development were discussed. Using Purposive Sampling, the researcher selected group leaders who created the digital story books and organized the said activity. Information was generated by the researcher through Focused-Group Discussion. Research found-out that Digital Story Books created by the participants emphasized moral values in multimedia presentations because children were engaged to eat healthy foods, encouraged to be educated, taught cleanliness and prepared to solve practical problems. Participants did not experienced problems in organizing the activity because of their team work and time management.
However, falling of rain and hyper-activity of the children were problems encountered by the participants

in organizing the activity. Further, there are assessed needs for the school to continue the story telling in the community. Finally, actions were recommended for future researchers, eLearning practitioners, TVET administrators and even traditional educational institutions with this activity for them to come up with their own projects for community development.
Cooperative Learning: It’s Influence on the Quality of Work in
Collegiate Mathematics
Dynah D. Soriano and Josephine Luz De Leon
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
The study investigated the relationship of attitude towards mathematics, level of engagement and participation to the quality of work in Mathematics among college students when cooperative learning was implemented.Forty-five (45) non-mathematics major students who were taking Problem Solving course participated. During the study, the students were not aware that they are under a study to let them work without restraint. At the end of the course, they were interviewed and given a questionnaire to complete.
The result demonstrates statistically significant effect of cooperative learning in students’ quality of work as determined by their attitude towards mathematics and level of engagement and participation.The result evidently implied that the higher the levels of these two predictors contribute to better quality of work to students.Cooperative learning strategy can be considered in college as a part of mathematics classroom especially during problem solving activities, wherein learners has mutual respect and employ in productive relationships that uphold motivation and engagement in the academic work. Educators must also consider strengthening these two predictors in order to achieve better quality of work from students.
Effectiveness of Alternation as Tutorial Strategy on
Student’s Performance in Mathematics
Analiza C. Paña
Davao del Norte State College
Students who are exposed in tutorial sessions performed better than those who are not exposed, thus, improving the students’ achievement in mathematics. This study determined the effectiveness of alternation as a tutorial strategy on students’ performance in Mathematics. It aimed to improve the educational context through seeking a new strategy that would enhance the quality of the teachinglearning process. The researchers dealt with a quantitative research and made use of Quasi Experimental
Design. The respondents of this study were the second year students of Davao del Norte State College
Laboratory School, who were identified as having a low performance in Mathematics. They were grouped into two groups wherein the alternation strategy was employed in the experimental group and conventional tutorial for the control group. After the analysis of the data taken from the respondents, researchers found out that alternation is effective as a tutorial strategy in students’ performance in
Mathematics. The study showed that there is a significant difference between the performance of the students who were subjected to alternation as a tutorial strategy and the performance of the students who were subjected to conventional tutorial. Based on the findings and conclusions made, the researchers recommended that individuals and the other institution should consider alternation as a tutorial strategy and teachers should develop positive attitudes towards the use of alternation as a tutorial strategy for their students.

Economic Promotion through One-Town One Product
Eric S. Parilla
Northwestern University
OTOP Philippines supports micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to manufacture, offer and market distinctive products or services through the use of indigenous raw materials and local skills and talents. It is a government program that supports micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to manufacture, offer, and market distinctive products or services through the use of indigenous raw materials and local skills and talents. Here in Ilocos Norte, One-Town-One-Product program is being spearheaded by the local chief executives of the different municipalities and towns and the Department of Trade and industry. Through several local ordinances, the different towns and cities have identified their own products under the program which will receive the support of the government and of the Department of Trade and
Industry. This research aimed to find out the economic impact of One Town One Product program of the government in the Province of Ilocos Norte. It was revealed that some of the municipalities have already formalized the product in their respective towns that is under the said program, while others have no municipal ordinance formalizing such products. The OTOP owners in Ilocos Norte are already adult, dominated by college graduate and married women. Most of them have not attended seminars and trainings and are not members of professional organizations. Majority of the OTOP businesses in Ilocos
Norte have existed for 16-20 years and are engaged in manufacturing and most of them are sole proprietor.
The Government agencies like the Department of Trade and Industry and Department of Science and
Technology had assisted the OTOP businesses through skills training and business counseling. It was found out that employment has the biggest impact on the OTOP program in Ilocos Norte.
Entrepreneurial Operations and their Contribution to Bohol Island State University
Rizaleth P. Mepieza, Menchie F. Manos and CJ T. Hingpit
Bohol Island State University
The main purpose of the study was to assess the entrepreneurial operations and their contribution to Bohol
Island State University, Main Campus in the academic year 2011-2012. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the profile of the respondents, the level of satisfaction of their customers in terms of services, product quality, price, location, sanitation and waste management and production. The scope of the study was within the BISU Main Campus. The respondents were the eleven (11) owners and managers of the entrepreneurial operations and one hundred seventy-seven (177) customers of food establishments, forty
(40) clients of the repair shops and forty (40) guests of the BISU hometel. The study utilized the descriptive survey method with the questionnaire as the main instrument for data-gathering. It was found out that all aspects in the food service, repair service and accommodation were described as “satisfied”. As a result, it was concluded that majority of the entrepreneurial operations in BISU Main Campus provides quality products and renders good services to the clientele. Based on the findings, the researchers recommended that entrepreneurial operations in BISU Main Campus shall make some innovations on the manufacture of goods and rendering services in order not only to meet the customers’ needs but to exceed their expectations.The university shall also support the entrepreneurial undertakings in the campus by providing proper location and enough water and electricity supply for the production of goods and services to satisfy the needs and wants of the buyers which will eventually increase the income of the university. Both the

university and the entrepreneurial operators shall maintain the cleanliness of the surroundings by implementing propersanitation and waste management. Likewise, university and entrepreneurial operators shall furnish safety and security facilities.
The Effect of WOM, MPR, IMC Tourism Infrastructure and Supporting Tourism Industry Forward Destination
Visitors of Lake Tiga Warna Kalimutu Ende, Nusu Tenggara
Timur, Indonesia
Nunung Rusmiaty
Sahid University, Indonesia
On the basis of human life, holiday is a basic needs of a human being in which all people are bound to, especially with current globalization in this modern world, work in tight schedule. In fact, the European economic system has implemented the Vacation Tax for their taxpaying citizens in effort to fully utilize the right to vacation. The tourism industry, as one of the sector in the economic community development, has to be perceived as an industry that influences other sectors, such as , transportation (land, air, and sea), travel services (airplane, local bus, hotel, etc), home industries (souvenirs product in tourist destination).
The tourism industry also affects a tourist-destination country in term of cross-cultural understanding. To support the tourism activity in a tourist destination, it is necessary to have a good destination marketing strategy. Destination Marketing is a communication process with potential visitor to influence their tour destination. The aim is to tailor their specific interest to certain destinations and products in a country or city of tourism destination. Destination Marketing possessed major role in the process of implementation.
It does so, by its effort to communication the value, vision and mission and it competes to promote tourism destination. The potential Indonesian tourism industry will continue to suffer if the image of Indonesia, as a safe and comfortable country, is not correctly conveyed with the right strategy. It is not enough for
Indonesia to rely solely on Bali alone as tourist destination because other areas in Indonesia also potentially possess great tourist destinations through their unique cultures and spots. It is time for the government to develop, communicate and promote tourism destination in other parts of Indonesia, especially in eastern parts of Indonesia. The research questions of this case study of integrated marketing communications from the perspective of public relations regarding potential tourist destination in one of eastern parts of
Indonesia: Lake Tiga Warna Kelimutu, the Residence of Ende, the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur are: Is there any effect of word of mouth communication on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of marketing public relation on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of destination marketing management on the attractiveness of tourist destination? , Is there any effect of
Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of marketing public relations (MPR) on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of
Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) on destination marketing management?, Is there any effect of tourism infrastructure on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of supporting tourism industry on the attractiveness of tourist destination?, Is there any effect of the attractiveness of tourist destination on customer satisfaction?, and Is there any effect of customer satisfaction on behavior intention?.
The Design Pattern of Recreational – Tourism Camps: Iran

Rea Ziari
University of Tehran, Iran
The terms camp usually refers to an area in which individuals, family, groups, or military units lodge. In fact, camps are resting places which are constructed, on the ways or in a good climate and scenic areas.
They also have different characteristics such as proximity to interesting tourist places, cheap accommodation, temporary accommodation, and providing recreational facilities and services. Camps are designed on the basis of designing models and technical regulations. The National Physical Plan, the country is divided into 10 regions and development strategies and policies of each region including the tourism sector are determined and defined. While reviewing the global experiences regarding camping, in order to understand and use the experiences of camping and the construction of camping in foreign countries, 16 countries active in camping were selected. Them from each country some excellent camps were selected and studied in terms of their facilities, installations, equipment, and physical properties, and regulations.
The selected countries included Germany, USA, Spain, Australia, England, Scotland, Portugal, Turkey,
Switzerland, France, Canada, Malaysia, Egypt, Netherlands, India and Greece. The current regulations in the camps include things such as the number of transportation vehicles per hour as well as personal vehicles parked in the camps. In ranking the camps, some criteria are taken into account such as the required service thresholds, flexibility of facilities, equipment and facilities of tourism, the design of residence in line with environmental and climatic conditions as well as some other factors such as the demands of tourism and determination of the capacity and ranking of the camps. In the present study, after predicting the required physical components for each level of the camps and their functions and viewing the environmental conditions and the capacity thresholds, the land use required or five climates were predicted. Management elements involve camping manager, manager deputy, director of legal affairs, managing director of International Affairs, Director of Finance and Administration, Director of Evaluation and supervision, and Physical Protection Manager. Each of these elements has certain duties.
The Green Recreational Eco-Adventure Tourism at Dagook
Adventure Tourism Experience Park
(G. R. E. A. T. D. A. T. E. PARK)
Aida M. Casas, Francis A. Delusa and Ann Margarit P. Bersano
Bohol Island State University
The main purpose of the study was to determine the status of the G.R.E.A.T.DATE PARK as another ecotourism activity offered in Bohol in terms of its visitor classification, number of tourists per day, employment generation and taxes paid. Secondly, it aimed to determine the status of the G.R.E.A.T D.A.T.E
PARK in terms of its facilities and services, employee/personnel, safety measures and income generation.
Thirdly, it sought to answer if there is a significant difference on the perception of the tourists, local residents, and LGU on the status of G.R.E.A.T D.A.T.E PARK in terms of facilities and services, employee/personnel, safety measures and income generation. The scope was within the locality of the municipality of Catigbian, Bohol. The respondents were the tourist and local residents who visited the site and LGU who managed the park. There were 128 tourists, 12 municipal officials representing the LGU and
105 local residents. The study employed the descriptive survey method through the use of questionnaire in order to gather sufficient and valid data.To obtain the quantitative results of the study, the researchers used the weighted mean to identify the items that need improvement in the G.R.E.A.T D.A.T.E PARK in terms of the facilities and services, employee/personnel, safety measures and income generation. The

findings show that the status of the G.R.E.A.T DATE PARK facilities and services were rated “fair”, the employee/personnel section was rated “fair”, safety measures as “satisfactory”, and income generation as
“satisfactory. From the data gathered and analysed in the study, the researchers arrived at the conclusion that facilities and services, personnel/employee, safety measures and income generation need improvement. “Fair” and “satisfactory “ratings are not the assurance for a certain site to survive and to compete with other tourist destinations.
Effectiveness of Marketing Strategies of Tatak Bulakenyo
Program: An Analysis
Ivy Mar J. Ramos
Bulacan State University
The study sought to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of marketing strategies of Tatak Bulakenyo
Program. Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions: (1) What is the status of the Tatak
Bulakenyo Program in terms of: (1.1) Program objectives; (2) Customer’s retention?; What is the level of implementation of the Tatak Bulakenyo program’s marketing strategies in terms of: (2.1) place; (2.2) price;
(2.3) promotion; (2.4) packaging; (2.5) and (3) Is there significant difference in the perception of implementers and producers in the effectiveness of marketing strategies? The study utilized the descriptive and evaluative research design. The respondents of the study composed of ten (10) personnel of Provincial
Cooperative and Economic Development Office (PCEDO) of Provincial Government of Bulacan, eighteen
(18) producers of Tatak Bulakenyo products in the City of Malolos and Hagonoy, Bulacan and two hundred
(200) consumers of the said products. The study concluded that the level of objective attainment of the
Tatak Bulakenyo program differs on the perspective of the implementing agency – the PCEDO and of the beneficiaries – the producers. The customer’s retention to the product is too low. It is a reflection of unstable status of the Tatak Bulakenyo program of the PCEDO office. The level of implementation of the program’s marketing strategies in terms of: place, price and packaging is moderately implemented, while in terms of promotion, it is less implemented, due to lack of advertisement.
What Can We Learn from Foreign Direct Investment,
Business Growth and Earning Management?
Nemia C. Mallari
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The objectives of the study are: to describe foreign direct investments in an economic zone, to analyze the growth pattern of a specific group of companies and to establish the possibility of earnings management.
The research design for this study includes literature review of the different theories, relevant documents gathered from the Securities and Exchange Commission, unstructured interviews with the bank managers in the community, in-depth informal interviews of the employees of the concerned group of companies and the use of observation. A qualitative approach has been used to meet the purpose of the research.
The normal behavior pattern of a company which has experienced tremendous losses over a long period of time is not demonstrated in the findings. Instead of packing up, the group of companies continuously grow by adding more allied firms tending to conclude that some forms of earnings management is taking its course. While it is true that foreign locators generate employment which is very important, they are very

sensitive to the government’s major action to check on their operational activities. They are skeptical and they are in a position to cause an alarm that retrenchment is on the way or that they may seek venue elsewhere and migrate. Some companies go to the extent of changing the company names. The government must take more strategic steps in order to cushion the impact of these negative effects.
Larvicidal Activity of Selected Plant Extracts Against the
Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti Mosquito
Pedro M. Gutierrez Jr.
Cebu Normal University
The larvicidal activity of leaf and stem/bark extracts of Jatropha curcas , Citrus grandis and Tinospora rumphii were tested on the larvae of the dengue-vector, Aedes aegypti . Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed to determine the active toxic compounds. Various concentrations (20 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL and 60 mg/mL) of the plant extracts were tested against third instar larvae of A. aegypti .
Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids in the leaf and bark extracts of Jatropha curcas while the leaf and bark/stem extracts of Citrus grandis and Tinospora rumphii are rich in alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and steroids. These compounds are known to possess insecticidal and larvicidal properties causing the mortality of insects and other pests. All plant extracts showed significant parricidal activity against A. aegypti mosquito larvae at 0.05 level of significance.
Tinospora rumphii leaf extract is the most effective mosquito larvicide which is manifested by the highest percentage mortality on the larvae of 90% and 93% after 24 and 48 hours respectively; with an LC
50
and
LC
90
values of 10 mg/mL and 46 mg/mL respectively after 48 hours of exposure. Citrus grandis bark and
Tinospora rumphii stem extracts showed a significant difference on the increased of the mortality of mosquito larvae with increasing concentrations of the plant extracts at 0.05 level of significance. The high larvicidal activity of Tinospora rumphii leaf is supported by the abundance of phytochemicals which show synergistic effects in terms of larvicidal action to mosquito larvae. The larvicidal activities of the three plants vary according to the plant species and part used which is supported by the presence of several bioactive chemicals .
Lagundi, Kamias and Aloe Vera Leaves as an Organic
Alternative for Isopropyl Alcohol
Ma. Teresa B. Mendoza
Technological Institute of the Philippines
Anti-bacterial agents are helpful in the society by preventing the growth of bacteria. Most of commercialized anti-bacterial agents are costly, the reason why people tend to find alternative ways of preventing these diseases by utilizing natural and effective. With all the companies that produces rubbing alcohol are all made up of chemicals, Organic materials should be recognized as a substitute for hazardous chemicals. This research proposed Lagundi leaves, Kamias leaves and Aloe Vera as an organic alternative for Isopropyl Alcohol. We use leaves extract as an antibacterial agent that is more or equally effective than the commercialized one and at the same time, abundant in our environment. Using Lagundi and Kamias leaves as the main components of the alcohol and Aloe Vera to add as moisturizer. The alternative isopropyl alcohol is not flammable and it is as effective as 99.9% that kills germs. Furthermore, the product serves as an anti-inflammatory when ingested. It can also stop itches and prevent dryness of the skin. It prevents

sickness, diseases, and purify the skin. Sample survey were employed to Dasmarinas, Cavite. Data shows that 86% of the respondents prefer buying all natural products .The acceptance of the proposed product resulted to 87% respondents who were amenable in buying Lagundi and Kamias leaves and Aloe Vera as an organic alternative for Isopropyl Alcohol. Analysis shows that the proposed product will help the government particularly the Department of Environment and Natural Resources to convey information to all Filipinos the concept of “Going Green”.
Shelf-Life of Arrowroot Starch and Commercialization of Baked Products
Eden Miraballes-Llamera and Ruby Loreta-Rosasenia
Bicol University Polangui Campus
The study of the shelf-life of arrowroot starch was an attempt to determine its storage capability under ambient temperature without any chemical treatment used. The focus of the study includes the commercialization of the baked products studying its acceptability and marketability to encourage propagation of the rhizomes for sustainable production and development. This study was conducted at
Bicol University Polangui Campus, Polangui, Albay Philippines, and a completed research in June 2012.
Descriptive laboratory method of research was used to describe the extent of usability determining the moisture content, water activity, e-coli, protein analysis, and bulking capacity of the starch. Laboratory observations revealed that the shelf-life expires at 9 months of storage showing the following: 10.42% MC,
7.7x10
2 cfu/g, and .58
aw, characterized by pungent odor, emergence of dark spots and growth of weevils indicators that the product is no longer fit for human consumption at this level. The developed baked products: Arrowroot Fruiti Butter Cookies and Arrowroot Nutty Brownies has a nutritive components of
Protein 0.1g, Carbohydrates 86.4g, Calcium 33g and Vitamin A 3µg. The baked products have a weighted mean of 4.7 interpreted Highly Acceptable in terms of color, aroma, texture and taste. Market study projection: Product Demand of 10,473 population from selected school canteens in Polangui, Albay;
Projected production of 1,106,014 packs per year; Projected Income Php 1,087,114.00 during first year of business operation. Venturing in arrowroot starch and baked products is found profitable and significant to the development of economic life in the community.
Brown Mussel
: A Product Development
Kishelle D. Tipono
Partido State University
The study aims to assess the acceptability of the brown mussel (tahong) as new or other main ingredients in making burger patty. This wish to find out how acceptable the tahong patty in this terms; Appearance,
Taste/Palatability, Aroma, Texture and General Acceptability. This study made use of a combined experimental and descriptive method to test the acceptability of brown mussel (Perna perna) “tahong” as a burger patty, experimental method due to the series of trials conducted to bring out the best burger patty from brown mussel. To gather data, score sheets were fielded in the university with thirty (30) respondents in every trial were selected by random sampling. The score sheet is written in English language and to evaluate the sample, a series of rubrics representation and interpretation were used, to facilitate the gathering of genuine information, the researchers explained the different technical terms used in the study.
The score sheets used were divided into four (4) components namely; Taste/Palatability, Aroma,
Appearance, and Texture. Base from the three trials conducted, the third trials gave the most acceptable

results in terms of appearance, taste/palatability, aroma and texture which has a weighted mean of 4.92 and has a corresponding interpretation of excellently acceptable. Base from the series of experiments conducted, the researchers conclude that brown mussel (tahong) is more palatable and also acceptable to be a main ingredient in making burger patty. This also proves that selling it raw is not only way of earning income from brown mussel (tahong); this could also be sold portioned and cooked as a snacks.
Coconut Water as Organic Ingredient in Creating
Naturally-Made Mouthwash
Maricar Misola
Technological Institute of the Philippines
Mouthwash is used to kill germs, bacteria, halitosis or bad breath in the mouth. It could also be a good formula in maintaining oral hygiene. In this stage, proper oral hygiene is a must. For ages 12 years old above, drinking pop and eating sweet foods are becoming a habit. Most mouthwashes are alcohol-based which results having a cancer of the mouth, tongue and throat when used regularly. Since it is being used daily, there’s a great possibility that the chemicals may affect the mouth although it had been proven and dentally tested. Other ingredients such as sodium fluoride, sodium lauryl sulfate, polysorbate, cetylpiridium chloride and benzalkonium chloride are toxic to aquatic environments after spitting them. This research proposed a naturally made mouthwash using coconut water as an alternative main ingredient. To lessen chemical usage, coconut water will be substituted to those chemicals through experiments. Its organic properties such as being rich in potassium, coconut water is very much suited as a tooth-caring nutrient.
Aside from the vitamins and minerals that it contains, it also possesses antimicrobial and anti-bacterial agent which are the most common specs in choosing what mouthwash to use. It is ideal with the advantage of coconut water for being germ-free. It is rich in electrolytic substances like sodium and magnesium which are benefactors in resisting bacteria-causing tooth decay. Other organic ingredients such as banana, strawberry, lemon, peppermint, and tea tree oil will be utilized considering their advantages towards the study. This research employed a sample size of 400 surveys to TIP students and outsiders. Survey results were based on acceptance and of the proposed product .Data reveals that 86% of respondents are willing to avail the mouthwash made from coconut water.
Performance of Three Varieties of Broccoli Applied in
Selected Bio-Organic Fertilizers under
Abucay, Bataan Condition
Benedicto D. Torres and Filomena K. Reyes
Bataan Peninsula State University
A field experiment was conducted at the Bataan Peninsula State University - Abucay Campus, Abucay,
Bataan from December 2012 to March 2013 to evaluate the performance of three varieties of broccoli applied with selected bio-organic fertilizers. It specifically aimed to determine the most appropriate bioorganic fertilizer that would establish the growth and yield performance of three varieties of broccoli. The study was laid out following the Two-Factor Factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The field experiment consisted of three varieties of broccoli as Factor A, which included
Green Top (V
1
), Green King (V
2
) and Chief No. 2 (V
3
) and the treatments from Factor B were: Recommended
Rate of Inorganic Fertilizer (F
1
), Animal manure (F
2
), Fish Amino Acid + Animal manure (F
3
), Fermented Fruit
Juice + Animal manure (F
4
), Fermented Plant Juice + Animal manure (F
5
). The interaction effect of both

varieties and bio-organic fertilizers to plant height at curd formation was found to be significant. Among interactions, Green King variety + Fermented Plant Juice (V
2
F
5
) and Green Top + Inorganic fertilizer (V
1
F
1
) were the tallest. Green Top + FAA (V
1
F
3
), Green Top + FPJ (V
1
F
5
), Chief No. 2 + Organic Manure (V
3
F
2
), and
Chief No. 2 + FAA (V
3
F
3
) were comparable with one another and recorded lower means in height. Regardless of variety, Fermented Plant Juice (F
5
) produced curd in the shortest period of time. With respect to the curd weight, Green King and In-organic fertilizer (V
2
F
1
), Chief No. 2 and Fish Amino Acids (V
3
F
3
), Chief No. 2 and
Fermented Fruit Juice (V
3
F
4
), Chief No. 2 and Fermented Plant Juice (V
3
F
5
) produced the heaviest curds.
Lighter curds were obtained from Green Top variety and those grown with animal manure (V
1
F
2
). Among the treatment combination, Chief No. 2 with Fermented Plant Juice (V
3
F
5
) produced the biggest diameter of curd and it is comparable with Green King + Fermented Plant Juice (V
2
F
5
), Chief No. 2 + Fish Amino Acids
(V
3
F
3
), and Chief No. 2 + Fermented Fruit Juice (V
3
F
4
). Smallest curds were those from Green Top variety with Inorganic fertilizer (V
1
F
1
) and Green Top with organic manure alone (V
1
F
2
). Application of inorganic fertilizer (F
1
) was recorded having the highest investment (P47,260.00/ha) while animal manure alone (F
2
) was the lowest (P41,300.00/ha). The highest gross and net incomes were obtained from Chief No.2 applied with FPJ (V
3
F
5
) with P220,650.00 and P 178,425.00, respectively. Chief No. 2 applied with FPJ (V
3
F
5
) gave the highest return on investment (ROI) with 423.00%.
Banana Peel and Oregano Leaves as Alternative Raw
Materials in Making Shoe Polish
Cecille C. Olimberio, Creezna G. Morales and Maricar G. Misolab
Technological Institute of the Philippines
Shoe polish has been used to shine and protect the leather shoes from bacteria and other forms of dirt which cause the natural color of the shoes to diminish. It is also one of the products that contain hazardous chemicals such as Naptha and Arabic gum that are used as preservatives for the long term usage of the product. Some consumers are already aware of the hazardous chemicals incorporated in the shoe polish, they are still using it because of its effectiveness. In today’s market, a consumer will have to pay higher cost before getting an effective product. However, not all effective products are safe to use. Many existing shoe polish in the market are not safe enough to use by all types of consumers particularly children due to its harmful and flammable contents. This paper provides a research study about the use of Banana peel and
Oregano leaves as main raw materials for making a shoe polish. Because of its organic attributes from banana peel and oregano leaves, it can be safely used by all types of consumers. Several studies in the past have been conducted proving that oregano leaves is a good leather protector that could maintain the durability of the shoes. While Banana peel has been consistently proved as effective shoe shiner. The combination of oregano leaves and banana peel as raw materials to produce an organic shoe polish considers as unique and timely study. Survey Results shown that using Banana peel and Oregano leaves proved to be instrumental in giving consumers not only a safe and quality product but also in very affordable price due to its organic contents and abundance in the Philippines. The survey data shows the strong desire of consumers to try an organic shoe polish which is safe to use and environmental friendly.

Programmable Digital Controller (PRODICON) Trainer
Michael T. Samonte
Technological Institute of the Philippines
The study, Programmable Digital Controller (PRODICON) Trainer, is a combination of a Programmable Logic
Controller designed to execute a ladder logic program and a Microcontroller designed to execute an assembly and C-language source code for the same problem. The prototype trainer can be used by experts and end-user in their quest to study different types of programmable controllers that are commonly used in the industry which intends to provide the user wider points of view in using different types of programming languages in designing different logic control system. The trainer used several software such as GX Developer, MPLAB and MikroCto compile different solutions to a problem. To ensure its stability and functionality, a series of test on each output was undertaken. Result showed that all outputs work according to its design and functions. Further, the performance evaluation of the trainer was given a numerical rating of 4.51 which is “Excellent” in descriptive terms. This proves that the developed prototype trainer can be a useful tool to learn different programming languages particularly in the world of industrial automation and control system.
ICT Based Instruction in a Constructivist Classroom
Helen B. Boholano
Cebu Normal University
The study determined the ICT based instructional materials produced and utilized by the public high school teachers. It is noted that new technologies increase teachers’ training needs in order to improve instruction; it is the aimed of this study to determine specific needs to promote constructivism in teaching.
This study identified the factors for successful or non-successful implementations of ICT integration in high school curriculum. Researcher made-evaluation instruments were developed to analyze the degree to which the learning designs have potential to foster high quality learning in secondary public schools.
Extensive reading on related researches was done for validating and establishing the reliability of the instruments. Stratified random sampling was adopted in this quail-quantitative study. Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) can provide more flexible and effective ways for professional development for teachers and administrators and connect them to the global community. Sample ICT based evaluation in selected learning areas were packaged for the improvement of the performance of the learners. The study concluded that ICT integration may lead to the technoenthusiast learners.
Technocontructivist teaching can be adopted by the secondary school teachers for the development of student learning.
Comic Authoring Tool an Instructional Material
Floradel S. Relucio and Anthony C. Cabrillas
Bicol University Polangui Campus
The project study aimed to develop a Comic Authoring Tool which enables creators with limited knowledge and skills of graphic design create their own comic. Specifically the tool allows the users to create a comic template file, select templates, insert characters, objects and text, change object properties, print the designed comic file, save the created comic file and maintain the database of the images. The system was

developed using the MS Visual Studio 2008, Microsoft.NET 2.0 service pack 1 for the windows platform,
Visual Basic.NET, XML for the object-oriented programming language, and Adobe Photoshop for editing the characters and other images. The evaluation tools used evolved mainly along the six variables defined in the software quality model of International Standards Organization (ISO) 9126 and these are the following: functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability. Software development life cycle was used as paradigm for the project design. After determining the purpose and specifications of software, the researcher developed a plan for a solution and this includes the system flow using the flowchart. The system underwent a series of tests and successfully improved the authoring tool based on functionality, which implies that the authoring tool runs in conformance on how it was designed. The overall performance of the comic authoring tool was rated by the respondents as Very Good which proves that it can be a useful tool in creating a comic file.
Electronic Board SMS Interactive with Paging System
Lorissa Joana E. Buenas, Benjie R. Samonte and Lalaine D. Francisco
Batangas State University
Technology has now become more powerful. Due to people’s dissatisfaction, they keep on inventing new things. Announcement of information is one of the vital ways of acquiring information. Using a medium of broadcasting, the information is disseminated. This study aims to enhance the traditional way of posting announcements specifically in the College of Engineering and Computing Sciences in Batangas State
University. It included the conversion of announcement to voice in order for the receivers to understand the needed information clearly. Paging system was added in order for the students as well as the Faculty
Members to hear the announcements clearly even without reading it.
Wireless Device for Digital Presentation
Alessandro T. Petrache
Technological Institute of the Philippines
The study, Wireless Device for Digital Presentation, provides a wireless, real-time and requires no line-ofsight connection between the laptop and LCD projector for visual presentation thereby eliminating wire entanglement in the usual presentation setup. The prototype was developed using a 2.4 GHz radio frequency for the transmission and reception of radio waves over the air as the medium. It uses RF signals for air propagation in connecting the laptop and LCD projector. Also, the connection is dedicated between the two devices making it secured. The developed prototype was subjected to several tests to determine its functionality and reliability. It was tested in two types of room using the different file formats such as movies, photos, and Microsoft Office applications. In an open area setup, the connectivity between the laptop and projector has an effective range of 180 meters while 150 meters for a closed room. A performance evaluation was conducted by 20 experts in the fields of electronics and communications using the TUP evaluation instrument for developed prototype which yielded an overall mean of 4.63 with a descriptive rating of “Outstanding”. This indicates that the developed prototypemakes a convenient wireless connection for visual.

FilHerbsMobilepedia: An Herbal Plant Application for Android
Chuchi S. Montenegro
Siliman University
The creation and use of herbal remedies are practices that are rooted deep in our history and are being handed down from generation to generations. However, it is observed that in today’s generations, this knowledge is slowly fading, and a few remains of those who still apply and practiced this knowledge. The availability and easy access of synthetic drugs and over the counter medicines may prove to be one of the causes of the dying knowledge of local herbal medicines, or can be the lack of educational drive to continue and promote local knowledge preservation and use. FilHerbsMobilepedia, is an Android mobile application that aims to serve as a tool to reeducate people and also help to preserve the local knowledge on Philippine
Herbal Plants. The application contains information and images of 77 Philippine herbal plants, its uses, and its preparation. The application also has a search features by illnesses that returns plants that cure such illness and its preparation. It also contains mapping features indicating on which area in the Philippines the plant is of most abundant. The application was tested and evaluated by 60 individuals, young and old, mostly coming from the province of Negros Oriental. Result of the evaluation shows that the application was able to refresh old knowledge and also provide additional knowledge of herbal plants and its preparation. eSubjAdvisor: An Automated Academic Subject Advisor
Gleen A. Dalaorao, Rolyn C. Daguil and Ma. Besa Joy M. Ortuyo
Caraga State University
In this study, a rule-based academic subject advising system identified as eSubjAdvisor was designed and developed. This is to guide the students on what particular subjects that may possibly take on the next semester based on his grades and enrolled subjects. Thus, doing traditional way of advising is quite tedious, stressful, and time consuming for all people involved. The challenge was to accelerate course advising process through automation using rule-based approach. The system implemented twenty (20) academic advising rules that serve as the basis for subject advising with corresponding weights. These academic advising rules were implemented in Prolog. This system can be accessible anytime, anywhere through SMS,
Web, and Desktop applications. As a result, automation of academic course advising process at the present time is very significant because it resolves the negative impact or the intricacies brought by academic advising.
Cold Roll Laminating Machine
Relinda C. Veins
Technological University of the Philippines
This study, Cold Roll Laminating Machine, was designed and developed to provide support equipment that will be used to perform lamination without the use of heat; instead, rubberized rollers were used to facilitate the cold lamination process. With the use of the developed prototype, mass lamination can be done simultaneously or successively. The machine has an overall dimension of 1206.5 mm x 711.2 mm x
590.6 mm and each assembly is made up of a mild steel material for durability. The rollers are made of

urethane materials having a diameter of 50.8 mm and a length of 406.4 mm. The machine is equipped and powered with 220 volts, 1- phase,½ horsepower motor with a speed of 100:1reduced to a minimum of 60:1 revolutions per minute with the use of a gear reducer. The machine can laminate four (4) pieces printed sheets with a maximum dimension of 8.5” x 11.34” (A4) at interval of 60 secs. Likewise, it can be used for both single and multiple laminations, thereby, increasing productivity and lessening fatigue problems. The acceptability performance of the prototype was evaluated by a group of technical experts in the field of printing, faculty members and students from the Graphic Arts and Printing Technology (GAPT) department of the Technological University of the Philippines (TUP) using the TUP instrument for evaluation of prototype. Results of evaluation show an overall mean rating of 4.76, which has a descriptive rating of
“Outstanding” in terms of functionality, workability, durability, aesthetics, economy, and safety. The use of the machine was proven to be more effective compared to the manual driven method of lamination which is time consuming and manpower intensive .
Aliw Using IR Technology
Ronald Rey. S. Resabal
Bohol Island State University
The main thrust of the study was to determine the difference between the whiteboard using conventional mouse and the alternative interactive whiteboard using infrared technology. Specifically, it sought to establish answers to the following problems: the significant difference between the manual and the newly designed device; and the acceptability level of the newly designed device. The researchers made use of the applied and experimental method. Presentation principles were used in order to make this project possible.
The researchers used wiimote (the primary controller for Nintendo’s Wii console) as the main controller of the device. This device is used to track the IR pen. Data were then tabulated and treated statistically using the weighted mean formula to get the acceptability level of the newly-designed device and for the difference in speed, presentation of data, convenience of use and accuracy in generating result between the whiteboard using conventional mouse and the alternative interactive whiteboard. The results showed that the newly-designed Alternative Interactive Whiteboard for Bohol Island State University Main Campus is effective to handle. Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that the newly-designed alternative interactive whiteboard is reliable enough to be used as one of the school’s facilities for an effective and convenient way of learning. Moreover, the researchers recommended the implementation of the newly designed device in business establishments, offices and learning institutions. Further studies may be conducted for the improvement of the device.
Multifunctional Probe Tester
Rogelio T. Mamadlo, Anotnio Carmelito C. Lizada and Grant B. Cornell
Eulogio Amang Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology
The aim of this research is to provide a multifunctional probe testers which has the capability to conduct signal integrity testing on populated boards, test open pins on IC, and measure resistor and capacitor values, as well as check for shorts and opens on inductors, diodes, MOSFETs, relays, and transformers. This piece of gadget will speed up and gives accurate testing for out of circuit and in circuit testing. The study is developmental in nature which utilized the prototyping method. The process of developing the gadget undertakes several stages from designing the circuit, programming the different functions and calibrating them to test different components inside the printed circuit board. The critical part is to put it into a very

small enclosure that will make it portable and to fit in small spaces during testing components in-circuit. It utilized microcontroller chip programmed to perform the testing functions. After finishing the gadget testing of its functionality and effectiveness was conducted. Several problems were encountered specially in the programming part. However, all identified defects were all eliminated and the test comes out perfectly. The multifunctional probe tester has eight functions: voltmeter, ohmmeter, pulse generator, ascii reader, pulse width measure, pulse width modulation, frequency counter and square wave generator. From the typical tester that measure resistant, voltage and current, special functions were added that is very useful particularly in making a circuit or devices. The gadget is designed to measure small amount of electrical entities up to 25 volts DC only. In the light of the findings, it was found out that a multifunctional probe can be designed and constructed using microcontroller technology. Eight functions were integrated in a single gadget that is very useful for electronic enthusiasts. Some flaws were found during the try out but were already fixed and adjusted. Each function passed the testing and was calibrated based on standards compared to commercially available counterparts. ePadyak
Anthony C. Cabrillas
Bicol University Polangui Campus
The unstable supply of expensive electricity and costly fuel are the frequent grievances of humanity nowadays. The gasoline that runs cars and the coal that powers many electrical plants are all fossil fuels which are examples of non-renewable form energy. One of the prime industries that are greatly dependent to fuel is the transport industry. Examples of this are the transport vehicles which need fuel for their business and some operate with electricity. If some are fuel and electricity dependent, there are also modes of transportation that operate with human strength; an example of which is the pedicab. ePadyak was conceptualized to solve the problems with the non-renewable energy consumed by the transport vehicles and will provide an environment and user-friendly mode of mass transportation. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the operating conditions and parameters of the vehicle and create a purely solar powered vehicle. ePadyak underwent a series of tests to determine the operating conditions and the total time it would take to fully charge the back-up batteries. The average maximum distance travelled by the fully charged batteries until it becomes empty is found to be 16.24 kilometers. ePadyak was successfully evaluated using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9126 instrument. The variables are the following: functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability and portability.
The overall performance of ePadyak was rated by the respondents as “Highly Acceptable” with an average weighted mean of 4.775.
Flexi-Trolley Bag
Erickson R. Nangkil
Bohol Island State University
The main purpose of the study is to produce a Flexi-Trolley bag mainly designed for travelers, students and athletes. The research study also aimed to create a demand for the product with its target users mindful of its innovative features. Environmental design method was used in planning and producing the Flexi-trolley bag. A questionnaire was formulated as a gathering data tool in order to determine the acceptability level of the study. Moreover, the researchers used quantitative data to determine the functionality level. The

performance and effectiveness of the product was evaluated by the students and the staff of Bohol Island
State University - Main Campus academic year 2012 - 2013. The research study shows a "very high" level of acceptability in terms of functionality, aesthetics, materials, economy, utility and safety. It was concluded that Flexi-trolley bag is efficient for target user's use as compared to conventional trolley bag. However, the researchers recommend further enhancement of the product to maximize its functionality by finding other alternative colors and patterns; and reduce its size for more convenience of use.
Mechanical Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector
Marvy Ann A. Salaum
Bohol Island State University
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of the Mechanical
Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector to the instructors and students of Bohol Island State University,
Main Campus – Tagbilaran City within the year 2010. An experimental research method was used employing actual assembly and direct observation of the performance of Mechanical Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector. The researchers presented the control set-up and experimental set-up to the respondents for testing. The functionality and efficiency of the gadget was tested and a questionnaire was also distributed as a data gathering instrument. The data were tabulated using the weighted mean to determine the acceptability of the Mechanical Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector and a z-test was used to determine the significant difference of the Conventional Chalkboard Eraser and the Mechanical
Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector. The results revealed that the Mechanical Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector was highly acceptable to the respondents. It was concluded that the Mechanical
Chalkboard Eraser with Chalk Dust Collector is more advantageous compared to Conventional Chalkboard
Eraser especially in terms of the effectiveness and the benefits it can contribute to human health and environment. However, the researchers recommend further enhancement of Mechanical Chalkboard
Eraser to maximize its performance and convenience in handling.
Development and Validation of Worktext Drawing 2
Erich D. Cruz
University of Rizal System
This Study aimed to develop and validate Worktext in Drawing 2 for Technology students of College of
Industrial Technology. It was conducted at University of Rizal System during the school year 2010-2011 with 50 first year BT students and 8 drafting professors as respondents. The study used the descriptiveexperimental method to describe and evaluate the developed Worktext in Drawing 2 using the questionnaire-checklist and test results in gathering data. A pretest and posttest was administered to the student users to determine the performance in Drawing 2 of the two groups of respondents. They were asked to evaluate the worktext through the following: subject matter, organization and presentation, language and style and style and usefulness. Responses were tallied, tabulated and interpreted with the use of appropriate statistical treatment. The derived conclusions are as follows. Students exposed to the developed worktext in Drawing 2 performed better than the students taught without the use of the worktext. The developed worktext in Drawing 2 as instructional material is highly acceptable in teaching the subject. From the findings and conclusions presented, the study recommended the following: the developed worktext in Drawing 2 may be adopted for use by all Technology and Engineering students in different specializations, continuous revisions and modifications of the worktext may be done to suit the

learning styles, needs and abilities of the students and development of worktext, workbook and the same materials in other drawing/drafting areas may be developed.
Ang Pagbasang Juan for All, All for Juan ng Eat Bulaga at ang Mito ng ‘Bayanihan of d Pipol’
Jeffrey Rosario Ancheta
Cavite State University
Naging bahagi na ng buhay ng isang indibiduwal ang panonood ng telebisyon at pelikula bilang hanguan ng impormasyon, nagsisilbing tagapagpabatid at tagapanghikayat, at higit sa lahat, isang tagapag-aliw sa buhay. Ipinaliwanag ni Nick Deocampo na ang mga tekstong pangmidya na pumapaloob sa film ay dokumentaryo, feature film, animation, maikling pelikula, bidyong digital, programang pangtelebisyon, at interaktibong midya. Samakatuwid, ang terminong film ay ginamit ni Deocampo upang tumukoy sa lahat ng larawang gumagalaw tulad ng mga nabanggit. Sa pamamagitan ng mga larawang gumagalaw na sinasaliwan ng musika at tunog, mas nalalapit ang manonood sa realidad at nagiging makatotohanan sa mga ito ang nais ipabatid ng isang tekstong pangmidya. Ito ang dahilan sa pagtatangkang basahin ang isang segment ng Eat Bulaga na pinamagatang Juan for All, All for Juan: Bayanihan of ‘d Pipol na ipinalabas noong
Marso 8, 2013, gamit ang semiotika ni Roland Barthes. Sinuri sa papel na ito ang nasabing segment upang masipat ang kahulugan ng mga tekstong pangmidya at ang pagbuo ng mito ng tinatawag nilang ‘bayanihan of d pipol’ sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng mananaliksik ng mga imahe, dayalog, at musika mula sa palabas.
Sa huli, sa kabila ng kapitalismong layunin ng palabas, napatunayan pa rin sa pamamagitan ng pagbasa ng mga tekstong pangmidya na ang pagbibigay ng palabas ng papremyo sa mga mamamayan ng barangay, pagtutulungan ng mga tao mula sa bumubuo ng palabas hanggang sa mga namumuno at mamamayan ng lugar, pagpapakita ng kaayusan at higit sa lahat ng pagkakaisa ng mga tao, ay mga elemento upang mabuo ang konsepto ng “bayanihan of d pipol” sa palabas.
Representative Tales from Chaucer:
Plots, Themes, and Milieu
Miriam C. Flores
University of Cebu
Teachers and students read literature basically on the purpose of understanding its full meaning and lifelong significance of human experience. This study of Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, analyzes objectively and mimetically exposes the plot structures, the themes, and the social-political-religious milieu of Medieval England. The following are the research findings the plot structures of the five selected tales such as The Knights Tale, The Miller’s Tale, The Wife of Bath’s Tale, The Merchant’s Tale, and The Pardoner’s
Tale.
The themes of The Canterbury Tales share commonality of themes such as honor, love, rivalry, loyalty, humorous, betrayal, greediness, and power. The socio-political-religious milieu of Medieval England such as the rivalry of the two knights, the abused of religious power, the superiority and women empowerment, the dominance of money in search for true love, and the abused used of power to gain money. Based on the findings, this conclusion arrived at: Chaucer’s Representative Tales reflect plot structures and themes that signify the social-political-religious milieu of the Medieval England.

The Concept of Serumpun: Observed Yet Forgotten?
Mohd Hazmi Mohd Rusli
Universiti Sains Islam, Malaysia
The word rumpun or se rumpun, meaning‘of the same root’ in Malay/Indonesian, is a concept that is principally embraced by both Malaysians and Indonesians, particularly the Malays. History has recorded that the area of what it is now Malaysia and Indonesia was for centuries under the dominions of powerful kingdoms of the Malay race namely Srivijaya, Majapahit, the Malacca Sultanate. It was not until the advent of colonialism and eventually the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 that the Malay Archipelago was separated into two spheres of colonial dominions. Following independence, British Malaya and British Borneo became
Malaysia and the Netherlands East Indies formed modern-day Indonesia, separating the people of the same rumpun into two different nations. Since 2009 up to 2012, some Indonesians have protested against
Malaysia for allegedly stealing Indonesian cultures such as tari pendet , rendang, the Rasa Sayange song,
Tor Tor Dance and Gordang Sambilan. The anti-Malaysian sentiment was particularly intense in 2009, 2010 and 2011 to the extent that the Malaysian embassy in Jakarta was attacked a number of times and there were also attempts to ‘sweep’ Malaysians off the streets of Jakarta. It is true that since 2012, this issue on the alleged cultural theft may appear to have slowed down. It should not be surprising if this dispute arises again given their many cultural similarities. This article looks into the matter and concludes that the concept of serumpun should be continuously embraced and observed particularly by the people of the Malay race in both these nations so that it is not gradually forgotten. The Malaysia-Indonesia relationships have to be properly preserved not only to sustain the special relationship between these two countries, but in a bigger picture, to maintain the political stability of this region.
The Empowerment Model for People in Non-Irrigated
Land: An Empirical Study in Wonogori Regency-Indonesia
Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Wonogiri regency lies in a middle-southern part of Central Java province. It has an upland contour with huge of non-irrigated land. People used to cultivate crops in rainy season and many of them are perform as migrant labor during dry season. It is likely many idle land found in the study area, particularly when happen a longer dry-season. Many efforts have been put on it by the government and also the other stakeholders including the farmer’s union. The main objective of this study is to formulate a model of empowerment for people and the relevant stakeholders to maximize utilization of their non-irrigated land in study area. Multi-stages sampling method was applied to select respondents of 150 farmers in three sub-districts of Pracimantoro, Eromoko, dan Giriwoyo that cultivated for paddy, cassava and corn.
Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data. Focus Group Discussion and in-depth interview were conducted with the relevant key-persons/ informants to outline the strategy to uplift their income from maximizing the non-irrigated land in the study area. The study found that paddy gogo, cassava and corn remain as the main suitable crops for in the study area. This is already practiced by people in the study area since longtime ago. However, perhaps due to there is phenomena of climate change people are need to adjust their cultivation in farming system accordingly. In addition, the value-chain of those commodities

are found still far from its maximum capacity and this is still possible to be enlarged for better added value. Of course, it is indeed need an adaptation strategy to upgrade the performance of farmers and the other stakeholders in utilizing the non-irrigated land in the study area. One of the best choices is through empowering people and its supported stakeholders. Although has not yet proven precisely as the suitable approach ones. But this scheme seems shed a light as a promising exit strategy.
Predictors of Quality of Life of Institutionalized and
Community-Dwelling Elderly
Marylou Ong
Cebu Normal University
This study determined what cognitive (educational attainment and cognitive ability) and non-cognitive factors (marital status, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, spirituality and social support) predict quality of life of elderly admitted in elderly institutions and community-dwelling elderly. A total of 147 elderly responded to the invitation as respondents (46 institutionalized and 101 community-dwelling). The findings revealed that among community-dwelling elderly only social support (non-cognitive) significantly correlated with quality of life. Among institutionalized elderly educational attainment and cognitive ability
(cognitive factors) and social support ( non-cognitive) significantly related with quality of life. Moreover, when the elderly cognitive and noncognitive profiles were correlated with QOL both educational attainment and cognitive ability significantly correlated and basic and instrumental ADL as well as social support. Regression analyses revealed the consistent role of social support as the most significant predictor of QOL. It is concluded that QOL cannot only be predicted through the cognitive characteristics of elderly but more on the non-cognitive factors.
Shadow Projection: Elicitation of Emotional Response
Jay R. Bautist, Froilan G. Destreza and Celerina B. Linsangan
Batangas State University
This study aimed to determine the elicitation of emotional response through shadow projection in an individual. The researchers believed that projection of shadows or series of animated shadows can be a tool to elicit emotional arousal or response from individual upon exposure to such medium. Respondents were selected using the stratified random sampling among high school students (N-131), and then gathered for visual presentation of shadow stimuli using the projector. Series of shadow are projected and after each session, students were requested to accomplish questionnaire as the data gathering tool to confirm whether the projected shadows have an emotional effect. In the course of the shadow presentation, students were earnestly watching each session coupled with occasional burst of noise in reaction to projected shadow scenes, suggesting that the shadow stimuli has an emotional effect. Statistically, the results revealed that shadow projection has an effect on the students, signifying an elicitation of emotional response.

Closing the Gap between Science and Commons on the
Issue of Food Safety
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Virgilio A. Rivas
This paper builds on the epistemic gap between science and the commons which can be interpreted here as a resultant phenomenon of two conflicting views on the ‘nature’ of Nature. That nature is naturalized according to how science and the commons interpret Nature attests to what Bruno Latour ( Politics of
Nature ) describes as the politics immanent to our view of the outside. For purposes of making sense of the outside and thereof respond to its entropic limits and potentials both science and the commons desire to absorb the outside, technically an energy assemblage, into their own symbolic universe. Each has a symbolic universe different from the other—each has a different concept of nature. This in turn feeds on the difficulty of forging a global concept of Nature in the era of climate entropy. One of the many serious attempts to respond to Nature’s entropic limits and potentials is the concern over food safety which we may designate here as a post-ecological concern. As a post-ecological concern, concern over food safety passes beyond the limit of ecological thinking that simply illustrates how nature is constantly revealing signs of increasing entropy into the post-ecological as a phase in ecological entropy in which any ecological concern is redirected to the quest for the good life. Food safety becomes a crucial concern in a postecological phase. Whereas in the ecological phase the concern is that of preparing human populations to face entropic challenges, in the post-ecological the concern is with a certain intended malice—the protection of selected populations deemed more capable to survive a total ecological onslaught (something that can also explain the aggressive spatial planning of urban and rural spaces isolating huge populations while wreaking havoc on the environment). Global social conflicts, which are mainly responses to food security, are undoubtedly a collective critical response to this post-ecological trend. Incidentally, this postecological phase also coincides with post-humanization where technology is drawing closer to developing a human crisis susceptible to a full-blown technological intervention in terms of what Ray Kurzweil describes as the event of singularity, the disembodiment of the human (which takes mass poverty as collateral) necessary to survive a post-ecological holocaust. In the above light, this paper proposes a postnatural politics of food security as a response to the post-ecological trend which essentially depends on how the epistemic gap between science and the commons can be narrowed. This entails that global governance invests in a post-ecological refocusing of democracy as a process of narrowing epistemic distances, not a democracy that still clings to pre-ecological and naïve ecological terms predominantly influenced by commerce.
African Student Mobility in the Philippines:
Trends in Opportunities towards Global Excellence in Higher Education
Satwinder S. Rehal
University of the Philippines-Diliman
This paper demonstrates the need for research on international student mobility in the Philippines using the case of African students as a means towards setting priorities in the provision of globally competitive

academic programs. This study is exploratory in design, informed by a content analysis of reviewed literature on international student mobility and a case study on African student mobility in the Philippines.
Seeking tertiary education with worldwide recognition stood out as the most important factor attracting
African students to the Philippines. As a region acknowledged for its high a share of global outbound student mobility, a number research and policy implications arise on means of deliberately marketing the
Philippines as a choice destination for international students beyond its traditional markets in Asia and the
Middle East. Since international student recruitment is becoming integral to the financial health of many institutions of higher education, effective international recruitment practices are dependent on a deep understanding of student mobility patterns and student decision-making processes in the global market for higher education. With limited research in the country, this paper makes a call for r systematic multidisciplinary studies on international student mobility in the Philippines in order to effectively respond to challenges for global excellence in higher education.
Stressors and Job Performance of Public Secondary
School Teachers in Tagum City Division
Wiliam M. Felisarta
University of Southeastern Philippines
The study investigated the extent of stressors and the level of job performance of teachers in public secondary schools of Tagum City Division. A descriptive-correlation of research method was used to investigate and determine the relationship of the variables in the study. There were three hundred ninety one (391) respondents and complete enumeration sampling technique was used in determining the population. Statistical treatment such as mean, t-test, and Pearson–r were utilized and showed the result that the extent of stressors of teachers in public secondary schools of Tagum City Division was experienced in some occasions. The level of job performance of public secondary school teachers in Tagum City Division indicated a high result with a grand mean of 3.93. Hence, it was found out that there was no significant relationship between the extent of stressors and the level of job performance of teachers in public secondary schools of Tagum City Division. Moreover, the coefficient of correlation between the extent of stressors and the level of job performance is -0.223. This indicates a negligible negative correlation. The computed t-value is 1.209 and the tabulated t-value is 2.048. Thus, the computed t-value is less than the tabulated t-value. Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted. It means that there is no significant relationship between the extent of stressors and the level of job performance of public secondary school teachers in Tagum City Division. The findings of this study can provide essential and remarkable inputs to
DepEd officials, school heads, and most especially to the teachers for policy formulation and implementation so that those in the academe could become more proactive and productive in the performance of their profession and that they could be free from any stressor factor that can cause distress and affect their job. School administrators need to include an activity or program that will address the health and wellness of the teaching and non-teaching staff in their respective schools so that they will be more physically and mentally fit.

Extent of Teachers’ Practices of Responsibility, Involvement,
Commitment and Excellence in Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Harieth C. Cawagdan
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Every teacher is expected to be aware of the core values their institution stands for. Moreover, teachers are expected to anchor every task, especially instruction in these values. The duties of a teacher in instruction in relevance with the educational trends never changes. They are to deliver instruction in a way that the students will be equipped with the knowledge, skills and competencies needed to survive and succeed in the society, in the hearts and minds. However, the extent of their practice of each value may vary in level. Hence, the study attempted to take a look at the philosophical underpinnings in instruction of the faculty through determining the extent of faculty practices of responsibility, involvement, commitment and excellence in instruction at the Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
(MinSCAT). Using descriptive-comparative method, the study found out that respondents seemed assured that the faculty from the three campuses has clear philosophical underpinnings of the College Core Values.
Faculty practice and carry out responsibility, involvement, commitment and excellence in instruction in different extents in the three MinSCAT campuses. With this, the study recommended that the administration should conduct unified faculty seminars and workshops that will strengthen more the faculty’s adaptation of the MinSCAT core values in their instruction at the three campuses. Faculty should be called for symposium or forum about the school policies in the faculty manual, or at least be provided by a copy of the manual. Finally, faculty communication and interpersonal skills should be upgraded and updated through seminars focused on developing the skills.
Writing Performance of Selected Probationary
Faculty members of Father Saturnino Urios University
Mark B. Ulla
Father Saturnino Urios University
The study was conducted to determine, identify, classify, describe and analyze the language errors found in the compositions of the faculty respondents of FSUU. Fifty (50) selected probationary faculty members of Father SaturninoUrios University, Butuan City were the respondents of this study. The descriptive method was applied by the researcher through the use of the three-step procedure adopted from Corder
(1971): Identification-Description-Explanation. Between the global or local errors in the compositions of the probationary faculty members of FSUU, the local errors are more common. This general category registered an overall frequency of 118. Global errors had only a total frequency of 16.Of the local syntactical errors in the local category; preposition (misuse/omission of prepositions) was the area that recorded the highest occurrence. This was followed by verb (misuse/omission of verb) at the local lexical level. Local morphological errors were not a problem since only a few errors, mostly having to do with the subject-verb concord were discovered. Most of the local errors discovered in their compositions are believed to be
“slips” “lapses” or “careless errors”. In other words, these are performance--related. These facts reveal that

the probationary faculty members really need a refresher course on the basics of the language so that they could enhance their language ability. Finally, the most significant product of this study is the crafting of language enhancement training--a crash Language Training Program for the probationary faculty members to address the problem in the study.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Student Nurses on Risk Reduction Management towards Improving
Nursing Education
Ma. Angelita S. Rabanal
Cagayan State University
The study generally assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice of student nurses about disaster risk reduction management towards improving nursing education. More specifically, it aimed to determine the
1) personal characteristics of the student nurses; 2) level of knowledge as to fundamentals of disaster and disaster management cycle; 3) level of attitude as to health effects of disaster and roles in disaster situation;
4) level of practice as to hazard analysis and triage performance; 5) significant differences in the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of student nurses when grouped according to schools; 6) significant relationships between student nurses’ level of knowledge, attitude and practice and their profile variables.
Based on the result of the foregoing, the study aimed to determine the factors that may lead to better nursing services in disaster situations by enriching the syllabus in Disaster Nursing. The results of the study showed that the student nurses are predominantly female, single, Roman Catholic and living either in rural or urban places. The student nurses have considerably high levels of knowledge in fundamentals of disaster and disaster management cycle; high positive attitude on the health effects of disaster and roles in disaster nursing situations; and high levels of practice in hazard analysis and triage performance. Statistical test using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient revealed significant relationship exist between the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of student nurses on disaster risk reduction management and their civil status. Single student nurses tend to have higher levels of knowledge, attitude and practice on disaster risk reduction management than that of those who are already married. Likewise, significant relationship was also exhibited between levels of knowledge and practice of student nurses and the location of their residence. Those who are living in the urban places have the tendency to exhibit higher levels of knowledge and practice may be explained by their higher access to educational resources as compared to those living in the rural areas. It was also found that only their levels of knowledge and practice on disaster risk reduction management significantly differ (P<.05) when they were grouped according to schools.
Determinants of the Academic Performance of Students
Computer Education in Selected National High Schools in
Bongabong, Oriental Mindoro
Maria Jessica A. Enriquez
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Central to the goal of facilitating learning and enhancing learner performance through the provision of modern instructional tools of the computer education in the secondary level, is to ensure the effective and efficient implementation of the project. It was also determined if there is a significant relationship between

the academic performance of the students in computer education and the factors affecting it in terms of student factors, teachers’ factors, administrator’s factors, home factors, school factors and the instructional facilities. The descriptive method of research was employed to gather data using a survey questionnaire which is covered with conditions of relationship that exist; practices that prevail; beliefs, processes that are going on; effects that are being felt; or trend that are developing. The respondents were composed of the fourth year students of the selected public secondary schools in Bongabong district.
Frequency count, percentage, weighted mean and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used in the treatment of data. Results reveal that r-values of 0.358, and 0.488 for students and administrators and
0.614 for teachers exceed the critical r-value of 0.195 using 5% level of significance. These indicate that a significant relationship exists between the academic performance of students and the factors affecting the performance considering students, teachers and administrators.
The Spirituality of Teaching: The Work Spirituality of
Selected High School Performance Teachers in Catholic
Grade Schools
Adrian Carvajal
St. Paul University, Quezon City
This study determines the spirituality at work of high performance teachers, understand the meaning given them to their teaching and ascertain how their spirituality affects their teaching. Utilizing a multi-method descriptive research design that involves a spiritual intelligence at work standardized test and a structured interview guide, it uses a purposive sampling with criteria of selecting catholic grade school teachers having been rated for three consecutive years as high performance teachers. Conducted in the school years 2011-
13, the work spirituality of the respondents was subjected to the scoring guidelines and interpretation provided by the proponent of the instrument. Moreover, thematic analysis was employed to identify and bracket themes in understanding the meaning given by respondents to their teaching and ascertain how their spirituality affects their teaching. The respondents have a fair connection and highly value their connection to the Transcendent and have a desire to deepen this relationship, as shown in their having of a regular spiritual or religious practice that they find helpful in their work, turning to prayer, meditation, or other spiritual guidance when they need special help or guidance in their work, and also trying to have a daily contact with a Higher Power, the Divine God. On the meaning of their teaching, the respondents emphasize a mission or calling. They find their job satisfying when students learn from their class more than the lessons in the textbooks, but also positive values in life. They feel that they are answering a calling, a vocation in teaching that they consider it a service to God and to others. They also remark that they are making God happy in their teaching as they consider it their passion and have satisfaction. They consider it their mission, their apostolate in giving back to God.
Promoting the Culture of Publication in Higher Education
Safary Wa-Mbaleka
Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, USA
Many educators in higher education institutions are either required to publish regularly or have an inner draw to publication in academic journals. However, this important activity can be intimidating when one is still a novice academic writer. Sometimes, the fear of having the paper rejected simply discourages some

from even trying. This paper discusses the reasons for publishing in academic journals, the type of materials to publish, the different types of journals in which to publish, and how to deal with feedback from the reviewers. It ends with some specific guidelines to keep in mind when preparing for submission of a manuscript. This presentation targets primarily college/university students, educators, and administrators and anyone else interested in publishing in academic journals.
Academe-Industry Partnership Model of Higher Education
Institutions in the Philippine’ National Capital Region
Racidon P. Bernarte, Edna S. Lavadia, Lily Mendoza and Gary Antonio C. Lirio
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Through quantitative research approach, the researchers measured the level of involvement of HEIs on their engagement in academe-industry partnership using specific criteria and measurement based from modified instrument which was used to come up with the Academe-Industry Parnership (AIP) Model. The study collected quantitative data through a survey from eighty-four (84) randomly selected Higher
Education Institutions (HEIs) in the National Capital Region (NCR). The result shows that HEIs in NCR were greatly involved in formal, mostly continuing and long-term academe-industry partnership in the fields of business, ICT, education and medical/health science. However, the HEI mostly shoulder the funding for such partnership. The nature of academe-industry partnership of HEIs is a positive indicator that partnership among HEIs in the region can be strengthened. The respondents believed that HEIs involvement on the different areas of partnership was limited . Only in the area of student internship/onthe-job training the assessment was moderately extensive. The respondents believed that the different factors of academe-industry partnership influenced the HEIs moderately . However, being an academic requirement of the program and student immersion the respondents highly assessed partnership as factor that influenced academe-industry involvement. The assessment of the respondents on the partnership mechanism of the academe-industry partnership was moderate . Personal contacts of the faculty and officials of the university was the only partnership mechanism that was highly assessed by the respondents.
The assessment of the respondents on the benefits gained in the academe-industry partnership was moderate . Only in the area of student internship/on the job training and job placement of students and graduates the assessment was high. The assessment of the respondents on the problems encountered in the academe-industry partnership is somewhat encountered . All cited problems were somewhat encountered by the respondents on their academe-industry partnership. The assessment of the respondents on the recommendations in improving the academe-industry partnership was needed . All cited recommendations are needed by the respondents in improving their academe-industry partnership.
There was no significant difference in the assessment of private HEIs, LUCs and SUCs in all components of academe-industry partnership.
Individual and Institutional Predictors of Faculty
Research Productivity: Implications to Policies and
Resource Allocation
Marietta Agustin-Teaño
Wesleyan University-Philippines
Given the limited resources among most higher education institutions in the country, it is imperative to identify variables that merit priority in resource allocation and formulation of policies that will enhance

the development of a culture of research. Anchored on this objective, this study determined the individual and institutional variables that can singly or jointly affect productivity. Individual characteristics were examined in terms of faculty members' socio-demographic profile, professional qualification, workloads, research capabilities, attitudes towards research, and scholarly habits. In terms of institutional characteristics, research policies, resources supportive of research, institutional and departmental emphasis given to research, research culture and performance of research function of academic heads and research office were investigated. Faculty productivity was measured through the following indicators: authorship of research and instructional materials; journal publication; paper presentation in research conferences; and membership in professional research organization. A descriptive-correlation design was used with a researcher's made instrument as the primary tool of data gathering. This was augmented by analysis of relevant documents. Respondents of the study were 139 tertiary faculty members of Wesleyan University-Philippines, an autonomous private higher education institution in
Cabanatuan City. The study was conducted during 1 st Semester of S.Y. 2011-2012. Data were run in
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis showed that writing skills, number of teaching preparation, and number of years in teaching and performance of research functions of Research Office were the significant predictors of productivity. The regression model showed that individual characteristics of faculty member were more significant in predicting faculty productivity. While institutional characteristics are necessary in developing research culture as they provide the support structure, individual characteristics are essential, hence, these merit priority in resource allocation and policy formulation in developing research culture in higher education institution.
Community Needs Assessment in Barangay Sta. Mercedes,
Maragondon, Cavite: Basis for PUP-Maragondon
Campus’ Community Extension Programs
Lambert D. De Guia
Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Maragondon Campus
This study aimed to assess the community needs of the Barangay Sta. Mercedes, Maragondon, Cavite.
Using a sample of 300 households, the study identified the profile of the community respondents in terms of family dynamics, economic life, education, and health, the status of the barangay’s maintenance of peace and order, status of the environment and sports and recreation activities, as well as the problems met by the barangay constituents and leaders. Majority of the households are relatively a small family with 4-5 members only. There is no big difference between the number of male against the number of female and the big bulk of population are youth age 35 years old and below. Majority of the adults are not working.
Only a small portion of the population has regular employment. Almost all of the households earn P5,000 and below where fishing is the main source of income. Evident to the households are the lack of home appliances. However, most of the appliances they have include TV, cellphone, electric fan and radio.
Majority of the population have reached the elementary level, most of them are adults. Common diseases are asthma, UTI and LBM. The main source of water among households is deep well. Maintenance of peace and order are always observed. A good status of the environment is evident. Basketball and volleyball are the recreation activities in the community. The problems met by the barangay constituents and leaders include lack of source of potable water, limited access to electricity, isolated location of the barangay which takes too much time, money and effort in going to the town proper, limited health services, political rifts and misunderstanding and that all households are informal settlers.

Community Profile of San Isidro, Baclayon, Bohol:
Basis for the College of Business, Arts and Sciences (CBAS)
Extension Program
Rea E. Kibir
Bohol Island State University
This research basically intended to determine the community profile of the residents in San Isidro,
Baclayon, Bohol as basis of training program for sustainable community livelihood for the school year 2012-
2013. It further sought to determine the abundant local resources in the community and the training needs for sustainable for sustainable community livelihood. The study utilized the descriptive survey method. This method was used to determine the community profile of San Isidro, Baclayon, Bohol. The study covered one hundred eighteen (118) respondents of San Isidro, Baclayon, Bohol. After gathering the necessary data, the findings revealed that the families in San Isidro, Baclayon, Bohol mostly have four members in a household. Most of the employed members are regular workers but usually connected with a private institution. There were more male populace employed than women, thus, availability of workforce in the barangay is evident. Based on the results, the researchers concluded that barangay San Isidro in Baclayon,
Bohol is a community where people are used to simple living but are willing to take opportunities for developing their manner of existence. In line with this, it is recommended that residents should utilize the available local resources through initiating worthwhile projects in collaboration with some local government agencies and non-government organizations. The local residents should be educated through conducting seminars, workshop and training. Furthermore, the local government’s support is needed to allocate funds for a community development program utilizing available resources with the assistance of linkages and educate local residents through conducting seminars, workshops, and training in preparation for managing possible entrepreneurial undertaking.
Identification and Assessment of Special Population and
Institutional Support Services in Bicol University
Zenaida C. Cabrillas and Rebecca Rosario O. Bercasio
Bicol University
Institutionalized services for students belonging to the special population can lessen the hindering circumstances to their total development. This paper deals on the identification and assessment of the special population in Bicol University and the institutional support services available to them during the academic year 2010-2011. Descriptive method of research using survey questionnaire, documentary analysis, interview and focus group discussions were used to determine the characteristics, experiences, needs and problems of the special population in the university, as well as the students’ level of awareness of the services and the student-clients’ level of satisfaction on the services availed. Marginalization is common to majority of students of Bicol University due to financial difficulties, academic deficiencies and socio-emotional difficulties. The university and family provide assistance mostly financial that reduces the marginalization experienced by the students; however, students still encounter financial, academic-related

and socio-emotional problems which require immediate attention and appropriate action. Further, students belonging to special population claimed both teachers and the parents serve as a contributing factor for their marginalization, if not its aggravation. The university creates an unconscious bias against the students through the absence of a support system specifically for the special population. Without this support system through a research-based program customized to the needs of students belonging to special population, the university is unable provide maximum assistance to majority of its students. The creation of a student information system is needed to assist concerned officials in decision making on matters concerning student services. Offices can harness technology and student leadership to strengthen information dissemination about services for students. Concerned officials should initiate policy revisions on student services, promote proactive service delivery, stimulate cooperative and committed engagement of both the concerned official and staff to improve clientele satisfaction. Most of all, the institutionalization of a comprehensive program for special population, and the creation specific of a section/unit focusing on the special population are exigent.
A Method for Determining the Feasible Class Size in
Higher Education
Alaine T. Liggayu
University of San Carlos
The paper scrutinized the suggested class size of 63 students per class occasion of the Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) in its Memorandum Order No. 25 of 2005, formally known as, “The Revised
Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Engineering Education; as to the expected effects on student and faculty performance. It used available literature to justify that a smaller class is more desirable than a large one in terms cognitive benefits to students and instruction effectiveness of faculty. A simulation was done to mathematically prove the idea using data on student performance, student learning, instructor performance, and cost. Cost was included to serve as the balancing factor to make the simulation more realistic. A feasible class size was then identified by the parents and guardians of students in the proponent’s university from the results of the simulation.
Needs Assessment towards A Sustainable Faculty
Mentoring Program
Benita Bonus
Holy Angel University
Responsive to the need of a higher education institution and the University of promoting professional competencies to improve quality teaching, this study was conducted to assess if a mentoring program is needed, how it will fit in the existing faculty development program, what mechanics and features will it have to make it sustainable. To address the diverse needs of the faculty in the early, middle and late stage of their academic life, this needs assessment was designed to cater to the individual needs of the faculty in their entire career continuum. The study used descriptive research design with a survey instrument for a formal mentoring program adopted from the three-part needs assessment model of Allen, Finkelstein and
Poteet (2009). This model was made up of three components, namely: organizational, design and resource assessments. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 was used to analyze descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Differences in the assessment areas were determined by
Pearson r. A survey of the seven deans across all colleges and the head of the faculty development program validated the need for a faculty mentoring program. The participants considered the mentoring program

as a tool to ensure the optimal development of the faculty throughout their academic life. The program may provide professional and collegial relationship aimed at improving practice and educational settings.
Findings further revealed the benefits of the mentoring program, key features, and mechanics of the program. Correlation was also evident in the two program areas assessed. After careful analysis of the findings, a framework is recommended to facilitate in the implementation of a sustainable faculty mentoring program. Research initiatives are also offered.
WordiFy: A Selected Language Translator Using Digital
Image Processing
Randy S. Gamboa
University of Southeastern Philippines
Language is one of the key building blocks of society and human identity. With the proper language usage, there is an efficient conveying and absorbing of information. Dilemmas such as understanding a street sign, an establishment’s name or even a product label written in a foreign place’s native language are just some of the disadvantages that language diversity poses. Wordify is an Android application that uses images for language translation. Using the smartphone’s camera, the user captures an image of the text he wants to be translated. The application allows the user to set specific bounds on the image to further specify the coordinates of the text to be extracted. Segmentation and image processing shall then commence. The image processing procedure includes conversion to grayscale; denoising; contrast enhancement; and deblurring. Upon successful image processing, the application shall now extract the text from the image through Optical Character Recognition (OCR). The text will be translated using Dictionary Machine
Translation to the desired target language of the user. The system also includes Wordify Online, the web version of the application, and the Wordify Database Updater System, the back-end system that will handle the translations and database updates. During the course of the development, the developers used the
Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM). The mobile application and the front-end web system were able to extract texts from the images and also were able to translate it to the desired language of the user if ever the word or phrase is in the database. However, both failed to extract text from images that contain slightly-arched texts. The back-end system was able to handle the 2 translations of the words and phrases by having virtual keyboards for different languages. The back-end system was also able to record database updates for the mobile application.
Cloud Model Storage Services in Instruction:
The Angeles University Foundation Experience
Ruel V. Reyes
Angeles University Foundation
Cloud storage is a service model in which data is stored remotely and made available to users over the internet. Thru cloud storage, files can be shared with or without any restrictions to anyone who has Internet access. While cloud storage is designed for pay per use, there are still cloud storage companies which provide free storage service. This paper presents how DROPBOX, a free cloud storage service provider was utilized by the Angeles University Foundation – College of

Engineering in facilitating the delivery of instructions with emphasis on collaborative works, file synchronizations, file sharing and online submission of laboratory works.
C++ Code Structure and Algorithm Simulator
Ben L. Samiano
Bicol University Polangui Campus
The study was mainly intended to develop a C++ Code Structure and Algorithm Simulator that will be used as a supplementary material in teaching computer programming in C++ language, being the vital programming language used in the industry and academe today. Specifically, it answered the following questions: (1) What C++ Code Structure and Algorithm Simulator can be developed? (2) What is the perception of the respondents on the functionality of the simulator? (3) What is the level of acceptability of the simulator? and (4) Is there significant difference in the level of acceptability of the simulator between the students and instructors? The developmental research was used by the researcher in developing the simulator guided by the phases of Rapid Application Development. The Adobe Flash CS3, ActionScript and
Adobe Photoshop were utilized in the construction of the system. The developed simulator contains discussions of the concepts of C++, sample programs and simulated problems. These inclusions were based from the course syllabus of the subject Introduction to Computer Science and guided by the CHED minimum requirements. After the study was developed, the researcher used the descriptive method to give descriptions and interpretations on how the simulator was developed and how the results of the statistical methods were applied. The results showed that the simulator was functional and strongly accepted by the students and instructors. Further, there is no significant difference between the acceptability of the students and instructors. Hence, the simulator, and the content and programming problems were comprehensible on the level of both students and instructors.
Network Architecture and Infrastructure of
University of Cebu-Banilad Management Plan
Darlyne L. Brigoli
University of Cebu
The purpose of the study was to assess the network architecture and infrastructure of UC – Banilad campus in order to propose a wired-wireless network management plan. To come up with a management plan, the profile of the experts and users was taken; the status of the network architecture and infrastructure as to its elements, characteristics and standards was identified; and the networking technology requirements to design a wired-wireless network were determined. This study utilized the descriptive method specifically the normative survey. Researcher-made questionnaires were distributed to the respondents to gather the needed data for the study. The data gathered were subjected to statistical treatments using the weighted mean method and the frequency method. The respondents composed of 18 experts and 302 users were generally highly competent in the computer and network operations but there were users who are still novice in the technical operations. As to the level of agreement to the presence of the elements, characteristics and standards, the respondents Agree that the criteria were present and very useful; however, there were users who are Uncertain of the presence of devices, types of cables and standards since these are very technical for them so this management plan entitled N
ETWORK
E
NHANCEMENT
T
OWARDS
W
IRED-
WIRELESS
O
PTIMIZATION
R
ESULTING in
K
NOWLEDGE and
S
KILLS
will be presented so that their knowledge on networks will

be wider in scope and as users, they will learn the fundamental aspects of the technical side of the networks. In the light of the findings of the study, it is concluded that the UC-Banilad campus network architecture and infrastructure has conformed to the expectations of the experts and users; however, it needs to improve in order to cater to the needs of the Internet community in the campus because multimedia applications (voice, video and data) are fast becoming an integral component of school curricula.
Cloud Computing Implementation in Higher
Educational Institutions Using Thin Client
Demeke Gebresenbet Bayyou
AMA University
Quality higher education is the pillar contributor to social and economic advancement in industrialized as well as developing countries. Expanding Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) is an investment made for future of any country, this expansion of HEIs may encounter a challenge because of the limited resource available, especially in the developing countries. The challenge of resource limitation can be lessen by adapting new technology to assist the expansion. Cloud computing is an emerging technology that has a potential to provide ubiquitous computing tool and a powerful platform, if clearly understood and implemented it may play a significant role in expansion of HEIs. In this paper we discussed the essential feature of Cloud computing, service model of Cloud computing, deployment model of Cloud computing, role of Cloud computing in higher education and traditional thick and thin client for Cloud computing. We also present the power consumption and carbon emission of both thick and thin client for Cloud computing.
From the results, it is observed that implementing Cloud computing using thin client will saves a considerable amount of HEIs budget and leads to a greener environment.
Development and Evaluation of WorkTxt in
Drafting Technology 4
Domingo O. Robles
University of Rizal System
This study aimed to develop and evaluate Worktext in Drafting Technology 4 (Mechanical Drafting) for
Bachelor of Technology (BT) major in Drafting Technology of the College of Industrial Technology (CIT). It was conducted at University of Rizal System during school year 2011 – 2012 with ten Drafting and
Mechanical Technology professors as respondents. The study used the descriptive evaluative method to describe and evaluate the developed Worktext in DT 4 using the questionnaire – checklist in gathering data.
They were asked to evaluate the worktext through the following: objectives, contents, activities, presentation, organization, creativity, evaluation, accuracy, completeness and appropriateness. Responses were tallied, tabulated, and interpreted with the use of weighted mean in treating the data statistically.
From the analysis and interpretation of the data, it was found out that the developed worktext in Drafting
Technology 4 (Mechanical Drafting) as assessed by the professor respondents with respect to objectives was highly agree, contents was highly agree, activities was highly agree, presentation and style was agree, organization was agree, creativity was highly agree and evaluation was highly agree. Meaning that the items with highly agree interpretations attained excellent level of acceptability while those with agree interpretations obtained extensive level of acceptability with fully achieved and above average Drafting standards, respectively. It was also found out that the developed worktext as evaluated by the respondents in terms of accuracy was high, completeness was very high and appropriateness was likewise very high. The

researchers recommend that the developed Worktext in Drafting Technology 4 may be adopted for use by the Bachelor of Technology major in Drafting Technology students. The test of effectiveness through experimentation of the developed worktext should be conducted. Furthermore, the development of modularize materials in other areas of Drafting Technology and Drawing Subjects should be conducted to make learning more effective and productive.
Vision-Based Size Classifier for Carabao Mango Using
Parametric Method
Julie Ann A. Salido and Jolitte A. Villaruz
Aklan State University
Mango fruits produced in the Philippines are supplied fresh to the consumers both in the local and world markets. The common sizing practice of this fruit particularly the Carabao mango is done subjectively through ocular observation and through hand weighing by human experts. Exported mangoes are weighted individually to determine their size classification. Using a digital camera, the top view image of the mango is captured. The mango RGB image is converted to grayscale and thresholding based approach is used to extract the mango image from the background. Then morphological procedure using erosion allowed the boundary image of the mango to be precisely distinguished. This allowed the major and minor diameter features to be extracted. The parametric method used in the study computes for the arithmetic mean of major and minor diameters of every cluster. Two-dimensional visualization using scatterplots of the arithmetic mean of major axis and arithmetic mean of the minor axis determine the location of each point. Confidence ellipses are derived around points to show the relationship of clusters across size classifications. These ellipses then classify the mango fruit as to size, whether too small, super small, small, medium, large or extra-large. The parametric method as employed in the study was able to show the cluster membership across size classification of Carabao mango as compared with classification based on the weights on the same mango samples. The result of the study is capable to be applied in designing and developing vision-based automated grading machine useful in the mango industry particularly to facilitate classifying mangoes for packing and transporting.
Design, Development and Evaluation of a
Disc-Type Corn Seeder
Lloyd V. Delaraga, Rolando P. Javellonar and Odette R. Alegato
Northwestern University
The study was undertaken to design a disc-type corn seeder that is affordable as compared to currently available corn planter; simple and thus can be fabricated in a local machine shop; light in weight and thus can be manipulated by women; usable for other cereals; and is adaptable to local farm size and conditions.
The disc-type seeder was developed and evaluated as to seeding efficiency, capacity and number of seeds dropped or germinated per linear meter. The 2-row seeding machine which was primarily designed for planting corn was also tested using other seeds like: mungbean, soybeans, peanut and palay seeds to determine its usability and applicability. Actual field testing of the machine was carried out in Batac and
Bacarra, Ilocos Norte under three soil types: clay (heavy), silt (medium) and sandy (light). Results revealed that the device had a seeding efficiency of 96 -100%. Field evaluation also showed that the three types of

soil had no significant effect on the number of seeds dropped or germinated per linear meter. On the other hand, the average field capacity and manpower requirement were noted to be 0.76 ha/day and 1.40
MD/ha, respectively. As compared to the traditional practice, a savings in labor of 82 – 86% or an equivalent of P1,650.00 – P2,150.00/ha can be realized by using the disc seeder. In terms of acceptability, all the farmers interviewed said that the machine is acceptable because it is easy to operate, simple in design and mechanism, light in weight, and requires lesser labor in planting as compared to the traditional practice.
Moreover, the machine can also be used for seeding other seeds.
CerT-GA: Ceramic Tile Grout Applicator
Anacleta K. Perez
Bohol Island State University
The main purpose of the study is to develop a floor grout applicator that will be used as an aid in tile works.
The device is named CerT- GA, short for ceramic tile grout applicator. Specifically, the study described the main features of the device in the aspect of preparation, design, materials and cost, procedure of assembly and operation and parts and functions of the device. An experimental research method was used by the researchers employing actual assembly and direct observation of the performance of CerT-GA. The functionality and efficiency of the gadget was tested in Bohol Island State University – Main Campus,
Tagbilaran City during the first semester of school year 2011-2012. Results showed that CerT-GA provides fast, clean and simple tile grout application. It is also portable and handy and is convenient to use with trigger-adjustable pressure. It is concluded that Cert-GA is efficient in applying grout to ceramic tiles as compared to manual application. However, the researchers recommend further enhancement of Cert-GA to maximize its functionality.
Rice Straw Geotxtile as Ground Cover for Soil
Erosion Mitigation
Rolando P. Javellonar
Northwestern University
Generally, the study aimed to mitigate soil erosion using rice straw geotextile as ground cover. Specifically, it attempted to: evaluate the effect of RSM and RSN as ground cover in mitigating soil erosion at varying slope gradients of 10, 35 and 60 degrees under different rainfall intensities, and; determine the relationship of slope versus sediment concentration, sediment yield and soil loss at different levels of rainfall intensity.
Results revealed that RSGT as ground cover greatly affected soil erosion. Under rainfall intensities of 75,
100 and 125 mm/hr, RSM had significantly lower soil loss as compared to RSN, CCN and NGC. However,
RSN and CCN were comparable with each other but differ significantly with NGC. Sediment concentration, sediment yield and soil erosion exhibited a nonlinear relationship with slope gradient. At any given level of rainfall intensity, the three indicators increased correspondingly as the slope was increased from 10 to 35 degrees and then declined when the slope was further increased from 35 to 60 degrees. Sediment concentration best fitted (R 2 = 0.977) in a quadratic model in the form of a second-degree polynomial equation: SC = 0.551 + 0.626S - 0.008S
2 Likewise, observed sediment yield best fitted (R 2 = 0.954) a second degree polynomial equation as expressed by a quadratic model: SY = 356.0 + 61.70S – 0.972S
2 Moreover, the observed soil erosion was best modeled with R 2 = 97.1% confidence by a second degree polynomial

equation. The regression model is quadratic in form and is given by the equation: SE = 68.92 + 11.11S -
0.174S
2 .
Rice Hulls Soundproofing Material
Zina D. Sayson
Bohol Island State University
The main thrust of the study was to determine the effectiveness of rice hulls as an alternative soundproofing material. Specifically, it aimed to determine the functionality level of rice hulls as soundproofing material and the difference between the conventional soundproofing materials. An experimental research method was used by the researchers to assess the performance of rice hulls as soundproofing material. The functionality, aesthetics, cost, safeness, and eco-friendliness was tested in
Bohol Island State University – Main Campus, Tagbilaran City during the first semester of school year 2012-
2013. Results showed that the acceptability level of rice hulls soundproofing material was rated high. It is also found out that the rice hulls soundproofing material functions well as an alternative soundproofing material. The researchers recommend adding thickness to the product to increase its ability to reduce sound. It is also recommended to find another cheaper adhesive to lessen cost and put additional compression to the rice hulls in the production. The researchers recommend enhancing the product’s aesthetics when it is used in interior designing and enhancement of the soundproofing material to maximize its functionality.
The Effects of High Temperature on the Strength of Rice
Hush Ash Concrete
Manolito S. San Jose, Nicanor C. Austriaco and Paul N. Javier
Angeles University Foundation
Rice Husk Ash (RHA) concrete is a mixture of ground RHA, Portland cement or lime, coarse and fine aggregates plus water. The RHA can be used as a pozzolana to replace ordinary Portland cement or as admixture for better resistance to acidic attack. RHA can be produced by burning the rice husk followed by appropriate grinding of RHA. The compressive strength of RHA concrete having 20 % of RHA replacement to Portland cement and 28 days cured has an average of 21. 005MPa. It is 1.45% higher than the compressive strength of 20.70 MPa for ordinary Class A concrete without RHA, based on the standards of the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Philippines. The research was limited on the determination of compressive strength of Class A mixture of Portland-RHA concrete having 20% RHA cement as replacement to Portland cement after exposure to temperatures 300 0 C, 350 0 C, and 400 0 C.
Concrete strength testing was conducted with the number of hours of heating as variable i.e. 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The compressive strength of RHA concrete having 20% RHA replacement to Portland cement decreases after 1 hour, two hours, and three hours exposure to 300 0 C, 350 0 C and 400 0 C The compressive strength of RHA concrete decreases more than the traditional concrete when exposed to high temperature. Testing of samples without heating with the same percentage of RHA replacement to ordinary Portland cement was also undertaken to serve as benchmark to determine the changes after exposure to high temperature. Physical appearance of the sample starts to change after 2 hour-exposure to 300 0 C. Its color became lighter and some voids were observed. As the temperature increases the color became lighter and more voids were seen.

Magnetic Material Tester: An Instructional Device
Myriam C. Jumila
Bohol Island State University
This study is entitled Magnetic Material Tester: An Instructional Device. The main purpose of this study was to design, assemble, and assess the performance of a device use to determine the magnetic characteristics of a material. It further sought the performance level of the device as perceived by the electrical engineering students and instructors of Bohol Island State University, Main Campus, Tagbilaran
City in the school year 2012-2013.The researchers used the experimental design in the assembly of the magnetic material tester. The study aimed to develop a new device to be introduced in the electrical system for it has a function to detect the specific kind of magnetic material. The researchers started the study by asking permission to the research and development department of the school. The after the approval, we started to design the device. We prepare all the materials needed and assemble it with respect to the plan. We conduct three trials after we finished the product in order to know the acceptability level and other characteristics of the said gadget. We conducted pilot test data by the use of questionnaires as a research instrument. It was distribute to the selected respondents who are the electrical engineering students in the Bohol Island State University, Main Campus. After the questionnaire had been retrieved, the data were tabulated and computed with the aid of statistical treatment. The items were rated using 3-point scale ranging “fair”, “poor”, and “good”. The gathered data were collected using the average weighted mean and T-test of difference. Further, recommended shall be used in both school and to the community. Demonstration shall be conducted to make the people to be aware of the usefulness of the gadget. Future researchers who will conduct a related study may develop more, out from this research.
Hinged-Bracket Support for Gutter: Gable Type Roofing
Emman Rey J. Quimson
Bohol Island State University
The main goal of this study was to innovate, construct, and assess a hinged-bracket support for gutter in gable type roofing. Specifically, the study sought to describe the main features of the hinged-bracket support in the aspect of preparation, design, materials and cost, procedure and assembly and parts and functions. An experimental research method was used by the researchers employing actual assembly and direct performance of the hinged-bracket supported gutter. The functionality and efficiency of the hinged supported gutter was tested in Bohol Island State University – Main Campus, Tagbilaran City during the first semester of school year 2012-2013. Results showed that hinged-bracket supported was rated as good while the existing gutter was rated as satisfactory. It was found out that there is a significant increase between the performance level of the hinged-bracket supported gutter and the existing gutter. It is concluded that the hinged-bracket supported gutter is better than the existing gutter. However, the researchers recommend that the hinged-bracket supported gutter should be used in installing guttering system,

specifically in a gable type of roofing. The researchers also proposed the use of the hinged-bracket supported gutter in order to attain a good maintenance, to lessen the effort in gutter cleaning and for safety purposes.
Effectiveness of I-Pass in Enhancing the Mathematical
Problem Solving Skills of Special Population
Rebecca Rosario O. Bercasio
Bicol University
An institutionalized peer-mediated academic support system can help in addressing the students’ academic needs and problems. Using the experimental method using a pre-test-posttest design, this paper deals on the identifying the effectiveness of a peer mentoring program called Institutionalized Peer
Academic Assistance Program (I-PASS) in Mathematics in enhancing the problem solving skills of 60 BEED students of BU College of Education under 14 BSED Mathematics Major students as mentors during the first semester of school year 2012-2013. This also includes documentation of experiences of the participants in the program. Data were gathered using parallel pre-test and posttest in Problem Solving, questionnaires, documentary analysis, interviews and focus group discussions. The key informants (KIs) were the mentees, mentors, and the concerned officials of the College. The I-PASS in Mathematics was effective in enhancing the problem solving skills both of the student’s mentors and mentees. The features of the Institutional Peer Academic Assistance Program (I-PASS) are favorable to all the stakeholders especially the students, contribute to make the program academically sound and valid, and help ensure its sustainability. The lessons and activities in Mathematics Kit are apt for students with difficulties in problem solving, and even those students who want review or enhancement of problem solving skills. The participation of the students either as mentors or mentees in I-PASS led to useful insights, and favorable and beneficial experiences as students. The continuing implementation of I-PASS is essential to address the clamor of students and address their special academic needs. Funding assistance should be provided by the university or college for the instructional materials, or may be sought from external funding agencies or organization. This peer mentoring program should be integrated in the program of the Office of Student
Services (OSS) and of concerned departments, and may be replicated in other disciplines or areas. The university-wide implementation of I-PASS and other programs specifically designed for special population can help in proactively minimizing, if not eliminating, the unconscious bias created against high- needs or at-risk students due to the absence of institutionalized support system for the special population
The Learning Competencies among Grade 1 Entrants
Cesar P. Estrope, Andrea T. Flores and Aloha P. Tolin
Negros Oriental State University
This study is focused on the learning competencies among 369 Grade I entrants. It sought to get the mean
ALC score; find out the significant relationship of their ELC and ALC using t-test; relate their ALC with their school readiness using regression analysis and ROC graph. Data were gathered through document analysis utilizing the SRA result in 2006 using simple systematic random sampling method. The results showed that
(a & c) the Grade I entrants obtained a mean ALC score of 2.81 which had greatly achieved only on gross and fine motor domains as well as in the construction and visual integration skills of the cognitive domain

which also showed significant relationship on their ELC and ALC; (d) the relationship between the school readiness and ALC showed that for every increase in Gross Motor, there corresponds 0.911 probability of increase in their ALC, holding all other variables constant. It further resulted using the ROC curve which covers 0.958, only 47% (Cox and Snell Square) to 72% (Nagelkerke square) of its predictive ability is attributable to their learning competencies.
Correlates of Employability of the Information Technology
Graduates of the Cagayan State University
Billy S. Javier
Cagayan State University
Employability among IT graduates becomes a major issue concerning an academic institution preparing a student, and the job market demanding a qualified and competent employee. This study focused on the determining the correlates of employability of the 413 BS Information Technology graduates of the Cagayan
State University at Aparri batch 2007 to 2011 considering their profile, employment status and its relation to employability. Total enumeration was made however, only 206 graduates responded in the study.
Snowball technique together with the common social networking sites was used to obtain the needed data.
Descriptive and correlational statistics were used for the treatment and analysis of data. There were 186 graduates or90.3 percent of the respondents were gainfully employed, majority were technicians, associate professionals, clerks, service workers, and professional’s majority in relation with IT; mostly in private industries on permanent status particularly on all identified occupational areas. Education and trainings were seen very important in the job. The strongest determinants of IT graduate employability includes eligibility and/or certifications taken, civil status, GPA in Professional IT subjects, age, sex, honors and/or award received in College. Graduates who are likely to be employed are those who are single, female, and eligible with IT-related certifications, younger age and were awarded with academic and non-academic honors and awards. Single female graduates were more employed rather than those married on basis of marital responsibilities, dedication, issues on benefits, and hassle-free life style. Few years after landing the job, a younger graduate tends to get a permanent status and get promoted a number of times. Those awarded with non-academic awards were promoted a number of times. Those with good On-the-Job
Training performances tend to receive high salary. Graduates with good academic performance in the professional IT subjects are more likely to be employed. Once eligible and equipped with technical skills and professional knowledge personally and academically, an IT graduate is expected to land a job related in their IT education and trainings.
Competency Level of Pre-service Teacher Based on National
Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS) among
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the National
Capital Region (NCR): An Assessment
Silvia C. Ambag
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
This study aims to assess the performance of pre-service teachers through the seven (7) domains of
National Competency-Based Teacher Standard in both public and private Higher Education Institutions

(HEIs) in the National Capital Region (NCR). This study used the descriptive method, employing the survey questionnaires intended for three groups of respondents. A total of 706 respondents were involved in this study, 18 of whom were Coordinators, 212 were cooperating teachers, and 476 were pre-service teachers.
An overall perception of the pre-service teachers, coordinators and cooperating teachers on the level of pre-service teachers’ competency based on NCBTS domains revealed that the pre-service teachers have attained “higher extent” level of competence. This result implies that the pre-service teachers could benefit from further training and professional development. A product of this assessment is a proposed
Pre-service Teacher’s Guide designed to enhance the pre-service teachers’ competencies. The researcher has concluded that: 1) The level of the researchers’ competencies based on the National Competency-
Based Teacher Standards is “Higher Extent” as rated by the pre-service teachers themselves, coordinators and cooperating teachers in Domain 1-5; Domain 6-7 (Community Linkages, and Personal Growth and
Professional Development) received a rate of 6, or “Very High Extent.” 2) The level of the student teacher’s competencies assessed by themselves, coordinators and cooperating teachers in private and public schools that participated in this study were rated 5, or “Higher Extent” level. 3) A test of the null hypothesis showed that the three groups of respondents differed significantly in their performance assessment on the level of the pre-service teachers’ competency. This means that some of the pre-service teachers’ respondents lacked the competencies needed in the fulfillment of their work. They need additional trainings and professional development opportunities to improve their level of competencies. As a result of the study, a proposed training guide has been formulated for student teachers to help them develop personal and professional skills required for their chosen profession.
Job Performance of the BISU-MC OSM Student Trainees and Supervisory Skills of their Supervising Personnel
Yolanda C. Reños
Bohol Island State University
This research aimed to verify whether the age, gender and experience can affect the supervisory skills of the office personnel. It also sought to determine the level of the job performance of Office Systems
Management student trainees of BISU-MC in the school year 2011-2012 in the areas of technical skills, conceptual skills, interpersonal skills, and personal and professional management skills in relation to the supervisory skills employed by the office personnel. In addition, it strived to assess the supervisory skills of the office personnel in management specifically in the aspects of planning, organizing, leading and controlling from the perception of the office personnel and student trainees. The study covered the twentynine student trainees and twenty-nine office personnel from various offices in Tagbilaran City, Bohol as the respondents of the study. The study utilized the descriptive survey method and used the Pearson Product
Moment Coefficient of correlation and the Chi-Square for the treatment. As the findings revealed, the student trainees’ levels of job performance in all areas were very satisfactory which means that they highly observed work ethics. Results also showed that the office personnel and student trainees have the same positive rating on the supervisory skills which is commendatory. After cautious examination of the findings, the researchers derived the conclusions that: Student trainees demonstrated commendable job performance in different areas such as technical skills, conceptual skills, interpersonal skills, and professional skills. In addition, office personnel and student trainees are congruent in their perception as to how the office personnel execute management functions in terms of planning, organizing, leading and controlling.

The Students Mastery of the General Botany Subject and Teachers’ Competencies in Teaching
General Botany Subject: Basis for Proposed Online
Learning Modules
Imelda R. Romero
Centro Escolar University
Today electronic technology has a great impact in the academe. The challenge now is the preparation of instructional and assessment materials that fit the electronic learning, so the researcher thought of developing online learning modules in General Botany. This study intended to develop online learning modules in General Botany based on students’ mastery in General Botany concepts, and on teachers’ competencies in teaching General Botany subject. Pretested questionnaire on the various concepts in
General Botany was administered to 967 respondents, composed of teachers (7) and college students (960) in CEU during the School Year 2011 – 2012. Students were asked to rank the topics in General Botany according to their level of mastery. The content, activities, and quizzes of the developed online learning modules were based on the syllabus of General Botany. Data collected were treated using the Frequency and Percentage, Weighted Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The mastery of the students in the different topics of General Botany as to course showed a very significant result (P=0.000<0.01). Results showed that the competencies of teachers in handling the General Botany concepts do not differ when respondents were grouped according to educational attainment
(P=0.685>0.01) and years of teaching (P=0.14>0.01). The following conclusions were drawn: (1) mastery of the student-respondents in the various topics in General Botany varies when grouped according to course;
(2) highest educational attainment is not a factor in determining the competencies of the teacher respondents in teaching the General Botany subject; (3) online learning modules may enhance the teaching of the different concepts in General Botany.
Quantifying the Impact of the Organizational Performance
Indicator Framework (OPIF) to State Universities and
Colleges’ Budgeting Allocations: A Performance Based Context
Jerson A. Monsad
Technological University of the Philippines
This study aimed to quantify the State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) budget and develop a model that could predict allocations using OPIF-based performance measures. It used the actual outputs for fiscal year
2009 sourced from the 2011 OPIF Book of Outputs of SUCs. A sample of 83 institutions has been chosen through simple random sampling. It utilized the quantitative method with some analytical tools to measure linear association of budget allocations and outputs, quantify the influence of outputs to budget allocations, and derive the best model that could predict budget allocations. From the ten independent variables
(Number of Full Time Equivalent Students, Number of Graduates, Gross Graduation Rates, Full Time

Equivalent Faculty, Licensure Passing Rates, Number of Research Outputs Published, Number of Research
Outputs Presented, Number of Researchers with Track Record, Number of Persons Trained, Number of
Person-Days Utilized), two outputs were eliminated and excluded in the analysis because of multicollinearity problems. The final model specified that only the outputs of full time equivalent faculty highest degree, number of researchers with track record, and number of persons trained, significantly contribute to the predictive power on fund allocations. This implies that every unit increase of outputs in these three indicators will result to an average increase of budget allocation. Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn : OPIF is effective in the recognition of SUCs condition, rates and percentages output format is not a good indicator in performance measure, and OPIF enhances budget planning and priority utilization.
Environmental Assessment of Caluangan Lake:
A Basis for a Proposed Strategic Management Plan
Joyce B. Lanuza
Divine Word College of Calapan
This study assessed the present environmental condition and practices of the community surrounding
Caluangan Lake. Descriptive quantitative and qualitative researches were employed in the study. As a quantitative part, the present environmental condition in terms of physical, chemical and biological and the environmental practices in terms of agricultural, industrial and domestic were determined. Differences on the environmental practices among the communities were also determined. Meanwhile the qualitative part used phenomenological design. The study used mixed approach such as ocular inspection, laboratory tests, survey, and interview. The following are the findings: a)color and turbidity of water did not meet the standard level while the temperature and odor are at normal condition, b) pH of water was at normal level and classified as basic, c)dissolved oxygen did not meet the standard level for Class C and was classified as
Class D (industrial water), d)the salinity level is very high which classifies the water as saline while the amount total dissolved solids did not meet the required normal condition, e) total hardness, amount of sodium and chloride and sulfates did not meet the standard condition and f)iron, zinc and manganese are at normal condition. There were significant differences in the environmental practices of Caluangan lake communities in particular with agriculture but not in industrial and domestic. Based on the findings and conclusions, it is recommended that quarterly monitoring be conducted in terms of color and turbidity, amount of dissolved oxygen, total hardness, sodium, chloride, sulfates, total dissolved solids and total hardness. Activities in the nearby community which could influence the physical and chemical properties of the water should be prohibited such as direct disposal of wastes from agriculture, domestic and industrial. Provisions on frequency of catching fish particularly during migration stage and building and giving of permits to fish pens and fish ponds owners should be strictly implemented. Fish sanctuary should be strategically located in a location where disturbance is limited and fishing in the location should be prohibited for a certain period time.
The CIPP Model in Evaluating the Affiliated Primary
Health Care Centers of Cebu Normal University
Julius Daño
Cebu Normal University

“Health for All” becomes the battle cry of all nations. The key factor in attaining health for all is the primary health care (PHC) as implemented in the Local Public Health System (LPHS). This study aimed to assess the extent of implementation of the essential services in the local public health system of the affiliated health center of Cebu Normal University College of Nursing during the school year 2007-2008. This research was conducted in13 barangay centers affiliated with CNU-CN, Cebu City. The affiliated health centers are the barangay Labangaon, Punta Princesa, Kalunasan, Lahug, Carreta, Alumnos, Cogon Pardo, Poblacion Pardo,
San Nicolas, Mabolo, Hippodromo, Barrio Luz and Busay. Four personnel from each health center were involved as respondents of the study for a total of 52 respondents but only 50 or 96% returned the questionnaire. The health workers involved were the doctor, nurse, midwife and barangay health worker
(BHW). The instrument utilized to gather the needed data was the local public health system performance assessment instrument developed by the National Public Health Association of County and City Health
Officials of the United States of America. Of the essential services, six were partially implemented, three were less implemented and one service was not implemented. The six partially implemented services were linking, evaluating, enforcing, diagnosing and investigating, mobilizing, and assuring. The three less implemented services were developing, informing and educating, empowering, and monitoring. The partial implementation of the essential services was due to lack of awareness of essential services, political intervention and inadequate budget. The community extension services of the Cebu Normal University
College of Nursing can help improve the level of implementation by providing a written copy to every health center a checklist rating scale for the 10 essential services. The reasons for the partial implementation of the ten essential services of the local public health system must be addressed forcefully if the services are to be fully realized.
AIESEC Strategic Approach Applicable to Innovative
SMES of Guadalajara Metropolitan Area
Jose G. Vargas-Hernandez
University of Guadalajara, Mexico
The paper shows the successful case of an strategic management model based in competences, used by the organization AIESEC to be implemented in small and medium enterprises located in Guadalajara’s metropolitan zone, all this, with the main purpose of improving in those areas where the firm has the opportunity to grow and become more competitive. The objective of this research is to analyze how the models are applied to analyze the strategic direction, emphasizing skills management in the operation of the organization Association internationale des étudiants en sciences économiques et commerciales
(AIESEC, International Association of Students in Economic and Commercial Sciences). This is an innovative approach applicable to small and medium enterprises in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area to improve their competitiveness in the market. It is noteworthy that Penrose (1959) mentions in her theory of the firm’s growth and the company value creation rather than value appropriation. Her unbalanced approach does not focus on rent-seeking, but optimal growth pattern of the management team of a business
(Rugman, and A., 2002), which will be one of the important issues in this investigation. The assumption raised is found by noting that AIESEC has a strategic management based on competency management in global learning environment. These principles of strategic management can be implemented by SMEs in the Guadalajara metropolitan area in order to improve their level of competitiveness in the market orientation, emphasizing the importance of ongoing training and investment in the upgrade of knowledge for human capital within your company as was discussed above.
Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning

(ERP) System Implementation in Higher Education
Almahdi M.S. Ibrahim
Ministry of Higher Education of Libya
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is software that connects different business functions through a commonly shared database. Business functions are turned into software modules and ERP system allows better communication, facilitates relationship with customers and suppliers and enables better decision making. (ERP) systems are widely used by large corporations around the world. Recently, institution of higher education over word has turned to ERP as a means of replacing existing management and administration computer systems. This paper has provides an overview of the nature and concept of ERP and ERP in higher education. It presents a number of areas related to ERP systems, such as, evolution of
ERP, definition of ERP system. While this paper refers to some of the major activities involved in ERP system, but it could not adequately cover whole implementation activities. It reviews to the benefits and problems associated with ERP systems implementation in higher education and major vendors of ERP system spicily in higher education sector was also described in this paper. On the basis of literature review, it can be concluded that the implementation of ERP systems in higher education could benefit by providing better integration of working environment, more automation and more flexibility in operations and information access. However, it needs lots of human and technical resources.
Centralized Academic Documents Repository:
A Framework for Internal Audit in Evaluating the School Preparedness for Accreditation
Roberto Baustita
Don Bosco Technical College
School’s excellence and quality can be justified through accreditations. School with accredited status stamps the seal of quality and standards in their instruction, research and other areas. One of the accrediting organizations is Philippine Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges and
Universities (PAASCU) which is a private, voluntary, non-profit and non-stock corporation which was registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the Philippines. The study “Centralized
Academic Documents Repository: A Framework for Internal Audit in Evaluating the School’s Preparedness for Accreditation” attempts to develop a tool for evaluating the school's readiness for accreditation based on the PAASCU instrument. It provides different areas of accreditation wherein the faculty, school administrators and others who are part of the accreditation can utilize the application to supply each major area by uploading its corresponding academic documents. The tool automatically generates the computation to determine the score as to measure the preparedness of each area of accreditation. This will be very beneficial to those schools that are in quest of delivering quality education meeting the standards of PAASCU.
Killings in Zamboanga: A Systems Thinking Perspective
Marlone M. Araneta
Ateneo de Zamboanga University

This study aimed to uncover the underlying social structures and motives of killings perpetrated in
Zamboanga City from January 2010 – July 2011 and to consolidate alternative and effective crime prevention strategies. Using the systems thinking-iceberg model approach, this study found that the killings in Zamboanga City resulted due to the interaction of various personal, cultural, economic, and geographical factors. Moreover, such killings were also perpetrated due to the inherent limits of law enforcement agencies. Given the exceptional number of killings, the concern over public safety was understandable.
However, addressing the problem of killings would require a high leverage, holistic, long-term strategy which gives primacy to the police-community collaboration that presupposes members of the community can be mobilized by community organization to participate in collective crime prevention projects.
Peace Journalism in Conflict-Related News in Online Media
Indah Suryawati
Budi Luhur University, Indonesia
Conflict-related news has been a focus on online media coverage very frequently. Reality of conflict has obtained audience`s attention. Online media is often package the news in a way to attract audience`s attention. At the same time, online media did not apply peace journalism. This study is to analyze the characteristic of peace journalism message in the news on Islamist Shiite conflict in Sampang, Madura on
Kompas.com and Repubika.co.id ranging from August 27 to September 27, 2012. The theory used is content analysis. The research method used was content analysis with a quantitative approach. The result showed that Kompas.com and Republika.co.id tend to substantially headline news. Type of coverage used is one-sided coverage by using a variety of sources. Kompas.com is mostly use of informant news are government and religion figure. Republika.co.id balanced use of type informant news. The characteristic dominant of the application visible peace journalismin reporting in Kompas.com is peace content (30%). Whereas the characteristic dominant of peace journalism in Republika.co.id is rightness content (35%). The technique dominant of the peace journalism in Kompas.com is persuasive technique (44%), whereas the technique dominant in Republika.co.id is argumentative technique (43%).
The Net Contribution of the Level of Awareness on the
Psychological Status of the Post Disaster Victims
Laurence Garcia
Cebu Normal University
This study determined the net contribution of the level of awareness on the psychological status of the post disaster victims. Path analysis was utilized to estimate the magnitude and significance of hypothesized causal connections between sets of variables. SPSS was used to process the data. The results of the study revealed that the significant variables contributing to the net level of awareness are the knowledge on disaster, sufficiency of assistance and the coping ability which directly influence the psychological status of the post disaster victims.
Messages and Themes Emerging from Stories of
Selected Participants about the Facebook Campaign on its More Fun in the Philippines

Steffi A. Villa
University of the Philippines Los Baños
This study determined the messages and themes that surfaced from the stories of elected participants about the Facebook campaign on “It’s More Fun in the Philippines” (IMFP). Guided by the assumptions of phenomenology, the study aimed to (1) determine the participants’ source of information and feelings about IMFP Facebook campaign; (2) describe their stories about the IMFP Facebook campaign; (3) elicit the meanings they attached to key ideas or messages emerging from their stories, and (4) describe the themes emerging from their stories that contributed to their view about IMFP campaign. Five Filipinos who created and posted their photos in the “It’s More Fun in the Philippines” Facebook Campaign were part of an indepth interview. All of the participants came from Luzon area or the National Capital Region. The Grounded
Theory approach by Strauss and Corbin was used to analyze the data gathered from interview transcriptions. The study followed the three steps of coding, namely: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The participants’ main sources of information about the IMFP Facebook campaign were the internet through social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, online news, and blogs; newspaper; and television. The participants expressed happiness and excitement when they discovered the campaign. The stories of the participants were comprised of topics involving Filipino characteristics, values, and culture traced from their experiences. The messages that emerged from the stories were categorized as: Filipinos are Creative, Prominence; Fun is for Filipinos, Proud to be Filipino, and Bayanihan .
Meanwhile, seven themes were elicited that described the participants’ view about the campaign. The participants identified themselves as “Filipino ambassadors” and viewed the campaign as something that provides Filipinos a sense of ownership, credibility, accountability, changing mindsets, fun in discovery, and positivity. Future researches can explore on the IMFP campaign from experiences of Filipinos in Visayas and
Mindanao and discover the meanings attached by people who submitted images with “negative aspects” to the IMFP Facebook campaign.
San Isidro Elementary School-Pilot School of Peace:
An Assessment
Herbert B. Rosana
Bicol University
The study was descriptive, exploratory and evaluative it made use of various data gathering instrument such as questionnaire-checklist, in-depth interviews with the different stakeholders (parents, teachers, pupils, barangay officials, others). Furthermore, classroom observations were also conducted as well as analysis of lesson plans where teachers integrated concepts of peace. The mission and goals of San Isidro
Elementary School – “Pilot School of Peace” is in pursuit of the DepED mission and objectives. San Isidro is one of the oldest schools in Castilla and the geographical area where the school is situated was previously classified as conflict-threatened area due to increased activity of the communist rebels. This provided the justification for the choice of the school to pilot the project. The pilot project underwent a process of implementation, first with a pre-entry to the community and a series of trainings. School curricular and extra-curricular activities were designed so as to lend to the spirit and intent of the culture of peace. After two years of implementation, this evaluative and exploratory study combined was undertaken. The study found out that the San Isidro School of Peace was able to implement a culture of peace inspired school setting despite of meager support or resources. It was able to harness the support of stakeholders in the community. The eagerness by which the administration and teachers of the school embraced the concept

of a school of peace was one of its plus points. Not only did the school implemented a culture of peace, but was able to improve relationships among the teachers and the community as a result of the peace trainings they have received. It also created support and new awareness among the community leaders and parents. However, the threat to its sustainability could be the change of leadership, the possibility that someday some of its stakeholders might withdraw support. And eventually if the DepEd will not mainstream peace education as envisioned by EO 570, the pilot school of peace will remain a novelty and eventually may suffer “novelty-fatigue”. This is because pilot projects are meant to be mainstreamed once found to be successful. The implementation of peace education will only be successful if there is a strong commitment among supervisors, principals and teachers. There is a need to make the teachers realize that the school of peace does not add up to the work of the already overburdened teachers but that it simply a reorientation or a shift in perspective, to reorganize one’s paradigm to realize a value and an outcome without adding up to the bulk of work. This shift in paradigm does not add volume but adds up values.
Communication Process and Approaches in
Community Service among Student Leaders at the Philippine National University
Mark Lester M. Chico and Serlie B. Jamias
University of the Philippines Los Baños
This is a case study conducted among 16 student leaders from 13 different student organizations of the
University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) from April to December 2012 to analyze the communication process and approaches involved in their engagement in community service. Data were gathered through focus group discussions (FGD), use of metacards, and review of secondary documents. Analysis was guided by the premises of the Cybernetics Theory and the Community Service Learning Framework.
Communication was integrated and applied in community service engagements among UPLB student organizations. In all their activities, may it be directly or indirectly affecting their community service, communication was always present. And despite their differences, there emerged similar and common experiences on communication and community service among the students. Communication facilitated the management process in community service such as the planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling of activities. Communication flow covered all directions: predominantly downward in directing and controlling especially involving internal issues of the organization and both upward and horizontal flow in planning, organizing, and staffing. Communication approaches, which depended on the purpose of the activity, included institutional strengthening, nondirective participatory communication, and networking/partnership, educational, promotional, informational, persuasive, and motivational approaches. Mentoring, especially from alumni, was considered essential for the smooth flow and successful conduct of community service activities. Alumni were also considered partners who linked the organization with the community and the sponsors. Having mediators and partnering facilitated the organizations’ community service activities by enhancing networking, resources, manpower, and skills. The student leaders’ concepts of community service encompassed mutuality, solidarity, and diversity. The experience enhanced their political awareness, personal competence, self-esteem, and self-understanding.
Land Grabbing in Sub-Sahara Africa: Lessons from Ghana
Gad Asorwoe Akwenivie
Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, Ghana

This paper focuses on large scale land acquisitions in Ghana (defined for purposes of this work as single acquisitions in excess of 5000 acres purchased or leased) with analysis of quantitative data from state and non-state institutions: Ghana Office of the Administrator of Stool Lands, Ghana Lands Commission, Ghana
Free Zones Board and Ghana Investment Promotion Centre as well as qualitative information from interviews with key stakeholders in Ghana’s land business notably Estate Agents and the Land Allocation
Committees of Stools, Skins, Clans and Families. In this work, samples of recent large scale acquisitions have been analyzed to (1) demonstrate the trends and features of acquisitions, (2) establish the faces as well as motives for the acquisitions (3) identify salient terms and conditions of contracts and (4) discuss threats and opportunities of the acquisitions and finally (5) discuss recommendations for making a virtue of necessity towards win-win outcomes. Results show a trend of proliferating land acquisition in terms of numbers and sizes in all sampled region of in the country. The rising global requirement for food and nonfood agricultural products, attractive rates of return for agricultural investments, incentives by
Government, the unique natural characteristics and perceived abundance of suitable land and other factors of production were identified as the main pull-push factors. The study also observed a domination of acquisitions by foreign private organizations in partnership with local entities, concentration of acquisitions in areas of more fertile land and an increasing trend of stalled projects arising from contestations by inhabitants and interest groups even in cases where contracts have been sealed between landlord and investor.
Sangguniang Barangay: Their Extent of Compliance to the
Local Government Code of 1991
Mary Shirlyn A. Glindo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sangguniang Barangay (SB) election will be held this coming October 2013 and new set of officials will take their posts and lead the road their barangay is trudging. Section 384, Chapter 1 of the Local Government
Code of the Philippines stated that a barangay as the basic political unit serves as the primary planning and implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the community, and as a forum wherein the collective views of the people may be expressed, crystallized and considered, and where disputes may be amicably settled. This study measured the extent of compliance of the Sangguniang
Barangay (SB) officials on their duties and responsibilities in terms of governance, administration, social services, economic development and environmental management; noted their difficulties if there’s any and their good practices. This also assessed the capability of the SB in terms of implementing program and project like the CDD approach. This study was conducted in Mulanay, Quezon covering its 28 barangays with a 252 total SB officials. It used the descriptive-survey design since it focused on the present condition, using a questionnaire. Interview and Focus Group Discussion with the concerned person such as the municipal employee like the Community Development Facilitators (CDF), Head of Office and DILG, was also be conducted in which purposive sampling design was utilized. The result of this study identified the factors affecting the SB performance. Further, it took a look on the capabilities of SB officials in anchoring with the
CDD approach and thus, could serve as a basis in formulating new policies for the effectiveness of the SB administration for the national and Local Government Units (LGUs) administration.
Awareness and Utilization of the University of Cebu-Banilad

Library Services
Judy Ann F. Gimene and Rosalita Rafols-Doming
University of Cebu
University libraries support the learning needs of students. The existence of a library supports the two of the three trifocal functions of a university which are instruction and research. There are various influences that affect the motivation of the users to use such an important academic resource. The study assessed the level of awareness and extent of utilization of the library services and resources at the University of
Cebu-Banilad as perceived by its faculty and students. The researcher was prodded to conduct the study because at present, the utilization of the library services and resources is at a level that merits some findings in aid of improving these services, resources and system as a whole so that the intended users can maximize its usage. This research utilized the descriptive correlation design and used the researcher-made questionnaire as a tool of data collection. There were five hundred thirty-one respondents comprised of one hundred fifty-one faculty and three hundred eighty students. It was found out that the respondents were aware of the library services and resources. The result of the Pearson R showed a significant relationship between the level of awareness and extent of utilization of the library services and resources as evaluated by the two groups of respondents. It was concluded that the utilization of the library system as a whole was primarily influenced by varying factors. Foremost of these factors was instructional design utilized by the teacher. Therefore, teachers and administrators need to revisit certain aspects of its operating policies and mandate to enhance the utilization of the library services and resources and plan an effective information literacy program.
Appraisal Level of Canteen Services Management of the
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Ronie F. Magsino
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
This study will be of great help in achieving excellence in canteen services. Through continues improvements in canteen services students, faculty, and non-teaching personnel will become more conscious on the food they eat and totally appreciate the food they buy at the college canteen. The study employed descriptive research to determine the perceptions of the three groups of respondents on the canteen management services at the three campuses of the Mindoro State College of Agriculture and
Technology (MinSCAT). Hence, the study found out that the food sold at the college canteen, cost of food, sanitation and hygiene practices are necessary factors which should be taken into consideration in effectively running a canteen. Food sold at the college canteen, cost of food sold, sanitation and hygiene practices, and physical facilities are adequately provided to meet the needs and interests of the clients.
Finally, the study recommended that the faculty assigned as canteen manager should upgrade his/her knowledge and competence in managerial skills by participating in in-service training activities such as seminars, conferences, workshops. Canteen personnel like cook and food attendants should have training on food handling and preparation based on industry standard. A canteen manager should have specialized training units in canteen operation and management. The canteen facilities should be improved and updated based on industry standard particularly the kitchen, dining hall, and comfort rooms. The college canteen should provide a variety of food wherein the cost is minimal but delicious.

Cebuano’s Brand of Local Governance: Taking the
Academe and Citizens’ Engagement to a Higher Level
Grace C. Magalzo
University of San Carlos
The paper aims to contribute to this good governance narrative by using Cebuano Politics as its case study of how the citizens can actively engage themselves in policy agenda setting. It will equally highlight the role of the academe, by inoculating timely intervention when necessary, in the entire political processes. The paper will present the Cebu City Political Research Survey that was conducted by the University of San
Carlos, Cebu City, last November 2012 and March 2013. Its primary purpose is to determine the pulse of the Cebuanos as to how they are essentially governed and how they can effectively contribute in the area of policy making, policy implementation and other critical issues that affect the City. As a research design, a pre-structured questionnaire was administered and random sampling was utilized to determine the sample points of the 1,500 respondents with a margin of error of +/-2.5%. The results revealed the over-all satisfaction level of the Cebuanos to the governance of Cebu in general and in terms of varied services in particular. Furthermore, the respondents gave an assessment of their personal lives vis-à-vis Cebu’s economy. A substantial portion of the paper’s conclusion on the Cebuano’s brand of local governance was a reflection of the research findings on their desire to participate and proposed priority projects for the
City. The paper closes with an in depth discussion about the academe’s assumption of its inherent role in shaping the political discourse in the local political system.
Administrative Management and Instructional
Leadership in the Implementation of School-Based
Management in the Division of Misamis Oriental
Arnold C. Deluna and Oliva P. Canencia
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
School Based Management (SBM) is decentralization of decision making authority to schools. The school heads, teachers and students work together with the community, local government and other stakeholders to improve school performance. This study evaluated the implementation of SBM among the secondary school administrators and teachers in selected schools of the division of Misamis Oriental. Specifically, this study assessed the status of implementation of SBM, the level of competence of the secondary school administrators and teachers based on administrative management and instructional leadership, including the level of significance of the selected variables. The descriptive survey method was employed in this study. The sampling frame employed from the list of administrator-teacher respondents composed of 20 school heads and 80 teachers of public secondary schools in the Division of Misamis Oriental. The descriptive and inferential statistics were also utilized to analyze the descriptive components of the study and the level of significance on selected variables respectively. General findings revealed that the status of implementation of School Based Management in the Secondary Schools of the Division of Misamis Oriental was rated Level I and is categorized to be moving forward system of management. The regression coefficient analysis indicated that there is significant relationship in the six dimensions such as school leadership, internal and external stakeholders, school improvement process, school-based resources, and school performance accountability. Moreover, attaining to the goal of SBM by reaching the rating of Level
3 of all schools in Misamis Oriental by 2015 onwards is the most considerable attention and consideration in the effective implementation of SBM.

Critical Discourse Analysis of Information and
Communication Technology in the Local Government of Guagua, Pampanga: The Factors that Pushes,
Hinders its Affordances Limitations
Raymond C. Timog
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
Governance plays a crucial role in the achievement of development. Good governance is a feat with the help of the people. Politicians and the people should work hand in hand to achieve this. Many researchers have been made in the use of Information and Communications Technology in running the affairs of government or what they call e-Governance. This particular study analyses the different factors that encourages or discourages the use of Information and Communications Technology or ICT in the governance of the Municipality of Guagua, Pampanga, as well as the affordances and limitations of ICT in said municipality. The factors that will be studied will come from the different components of the government, namely selected public officials (Elected and Appointed Department Heads) and the members of the society. These factors will be analysed under the lenses of the four power dimensions theory. In analysing these factors through the four power dimensions theory, we will be able to find out why ICT exists, why it is absent, its affordances and limitations at the case site. Knowing these factors and influences can help society in understanding the presence or absence of ICT in governance at the local government level.
Building the University Image through Publications:
The Polytechnic University of the Philippines Experience
Angelina E. Borican and Ma. Junithesmer D. Rosales
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Publications Office of the largest state university in the Philippines in terms of student population
(approx. 70,000 students, the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP), has gone through many storied experiences in its 108 years of existence. The university at present is undergoing meaningful changes in the academic and administrative fronts since the installation of a new president a year ago. Due to the changes put forth by the new administration, the entire PUP community is going through transformations, as the new administration offers a new brand of leadership. From being known as the
“school of the nation” in the early 70’s to “school of activists” in the 80’s to an information technology university in the late 90’s to a national comprehensive university in the early 2000 to a total university in

the middle to later part of the first decade of year 2000, the university has obviously been branded with various “images”. It would seem that the image of the university, based on its history, is based on the leaders at the helm of the university and their notable contributions during their incumbency. But the most remembered image of the university is the stigma caused by student uprisings in the late 70’s all the way to the 80’s. It took a momentary respite in the 90’s. But in 2010, student activism went out of dormancy when student leaders burned chairs and other school facilities which made headlines in the Philippines and abroad. This was due to an alleged tuition increase. Recently, this happened again; with the student activists’ feeling of dread for another supposed tuition hike. The challenge now for the Publications Office is to project the image of PUP to tailor fit the vision of its new leader in the attainment of an “epistemic community” despite the stigma of its past.
Visionary Leadership, Team Building Competence, and Conflict Resolution Skills of School Administrators:
Structural Model on Organizational Efficiency
Arvin A. Andacao
Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology
The main purpose of the study was to determine the best fit model of organizational efficiency of State
Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Region XI, Philippines. Specifically, it examined the relationship of visionary leadership, team building competence, and conflict resolution skills of school administrators as exogenous variables to the organizational efficiency as endogenous variable. Using quantitative research design, the study employed descriptive-correlation and structural equation model methodologies with 369 faculty members who participated as respondents. Moreover, sets of survey questionnaires were used as instruments to obtain information from the respondents. Mean, Pearson product moment correlation
(Pearson r), and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were employed in the study to determine the level of each variable, level of significant relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables, and significant predictors of organizational efficiency respectively. The Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) was also applied to assess the interrelationship among the generated models and as also with the determination of the best fit model of organizational efficiency. The findings revealed that the overall level of visionary leadership of school administrators was 3.83 or high, team building competence was 3.86 or high, conflict resolution skills was 3.50 or barely high and organizational efficiency of SUCs was 3.88 or high.
Meanwhile, the visionary leadership, team building competence, and conflict resolution skills of school administrators were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with organizational efficiency. The commitment, accountability, shared goals, valuing, and mapping were found out to be the best predictors to achieve organizational efficiency. Finally, the most model parsimony for organizational efficiency of SUCs in Region
XI, Philippines was the level of team building competence of school administrators, which passed all the conventions of a good model fit.
Impact of Quality of Leaders on Barangay Finance
Cindy Quaile
Ateneo de Zamboanga University
The purpose of this research study is to answer the question does the financial capability of local governments depend upon the quality of its leaders? The paper employed the use of multiple regression analysis to estimate how much of Zamboanga City’s 98 barangays’ own-source revenues are affected by

the qualities of its chairpersons. The regression results support the existing literature that education of punong barangays positively contribute to the level of barangays’ financial capability in Zamboanga City. In addition, this leader’s age surprising is also another positive contributor. Other qualities of the punong barangay such as civil status, family affiliation and gender do not significantly affect barangay own-source revenues. However, in terms of raising real incomes in future years, only the experience of local chief executives matter. This implies that to be able to have a sustainable barangay funds, its chairperson must have years of experience in public service. Both findings imply that for village councils to have sufficient and sustainable funding, the electorate has to choose quality local leaders who are well-educated, experienced and are old or mature enough to be able to generate and maintain local funds.
Characterization of Selected Barangays with High and Low
Incidence of Dengue Fever
Christine Joy J. Bandal and Emilia N. Bustamante
Cebu Normal University
This study looks into the demographic, environmental and socioeconomic factors towards dengue prevention and control in selected high and low barangay incidence of dengue fever in Cebu City as of 2011.
The proponents utilized descriptive correlational design. A multi-level sampling was used to gather respondents. The researcher adapted a tool of Cebu Normal University Community Health Assessment, the
Department of Health’s Green Star Project and from the study of Nahida Ahmed Knowledge attitude and
Practice of Dengue Fever Prevention. Minitab version 13 statistical software was used in data processing.
Mode, frequency distribution and percentages were used for demographics, environmental and socioeconomic factors and chi square to determine the relationship between the knowledge, attitude and practices. Significant factors that contribute to the increase incidence of dengue fever were drainage system, low socioeconomic status, educational attainment, presence of breeding and the knowledge attitude and practices towards dengue prevention and control.
Correlation on the Status and Effectiveness of
Rehabilitation Program of the Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail
Christian Anthony C. Agutaya
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
The first step in rehabilitation effort is to provide the basic needs of inmate as human being. The other steps in the rehabilitation processes are the provision of work programs, health care, education and skills training, recreation and sports, religious guidance and behavior modification using the therapeutic community approach. Thus, the study determined the correlation on the status and effectiveness of
Rehabilitation Program of the Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail. The study employed descriptive-correlation method to gather information about the present condition and to determine whether variables were related to one another using self-prepared questionnaire. The respondents of the study were the 60 inmates who were selected using purposive random sampling. The study found out that Rehabilitation
Program of Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail was known to the community because some people know what were the activities of the inmates inside the Provincial Jail. The public lacks information regarding the
Rehabilitation Program of the Provincial Jail. Among the programs, spiritual development was the best program inside the Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail. The status is related to the level of effectiveness of the

Rehabilitation Program. Finally, Oriental Mindoro Provincial Jail should continuously practice and improve the Rehabilitation Program by considering good governance and effective public administration.
Information regarding the Rehabilitation Program should be disseminated properly and widespread by organizing meetings, by providing flyers and posting tarpaulins or banners for the private sectors, nongovernmental organizations and people’s organizations. They may be encouraged to contribute in maintaining the vocational skill training, recreation, education, values formation and spiritual development.
A similar study should be conducted to other provincial jails in the country to verify the findings of the study.
Knowledge and Practices of Infection Control
Among the Personnel in Selected Hospital
Facilities in Cebu City
Jezyl T. Cempro, Shiela Mae M. Diano and Jerald S. Ugdoracion
Cebu Normal University
Health care practitioners are mainly responsible for promoting health, managing disorders and preventing complications among their clients and themselves. To do this, they have to be knowledgeable and must properly implement standard infection control practices. This study determined the relationship between level of knowledge and extent of implementation of infection control practices among the personnel of hospital facilities in Cebu. This research study utilized quantitative non-experimental descriptivecorrelational design. This study was conducted at various tertiary hospital facilities in Cebu. The 500 respondents of this were hospital personnel rendering their duty in any units/area of the hospital during the data gathering procedures. The researchers utilized standardized questionnaires measuring the level of knowledge and the extent of infection control practices among hospital personnel on Cebu City government hospitals. Minitab version 13 statistical software was used in data processing. The results showed that most of the respondents are female nurses aging 20-35 years old and have worked for 1-5 years already. Additionally, the level of infection control cognition was very high with proper implementation of infection control. The Pearson r correlation result illustrated that there is positive low significant correlation between the level of knowledge and practices of infection control among the hospital personnel of hospital facilities in Cebu. It is then concluded that augmenting the level of knowledge of the health care practitioners can guarantee improvement of their practices in the area.
SWOTING K12 Basic Education Program:
It’s Repercussion to HEIs
Ariel P. Tuazoz and Frederick O. Ramos
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Department of Education (DepEd) is reinventing the Philippine Basic Education Program via the K12
Basic Education Program. The reinvention is now in developmental progress. This study attempted to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of K12 Basic Education Program using
SWOT Analysis. Various local literature and studies were reviewed and analyzed. Supporting and resisting opinions and ideas of thirty three randomly selected elementary, high school and college teachers enrolled in the Open University System of PUP Sto Tomas Branch were considered during the deliberation and

analyses. Findings revealed that the capability of the State persists to be a dominant issue. The K12 Basic
Education Program necessitates more elementary and secondary teachers, classrooms, textbooks and other vital educational resources. Irrefutably, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Higher
Educational Institutions (HEIs) will be affected. Graduates of the K12 Basic Education Program however will undoubtedly be equipped to pursue higher education. The K12 Basic Education Program has fleeting repercussions on higher education institutions but have long lasting expedient upshots on higher education and its quality. And graduates of higher education institutions will possess strong scholastic qualifications with highly employable knowledge and skills Recommendations were drawn to help HEIs cope up with the enormous changes brought about by the K-12 Basic Education Program.
Level of Awareness on Environmental Management and its Extent of Application by Selected Hotels and Resorts in the Municipality of Puerto Galera
Madonna P. Melchor
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Environmental management has become an important issue in the hospitality industry, with a number of hotels adopting sound environmental management practices in response to the growing concerns for sustainable hospitality and tourism products. The data gathered in the study were tabulated, analyzed and summarized using the following statistical techniques: percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation, ttest and Pearson correlation. The extent of application of the respondents in water conservation practices is moderate, while the waste reduction and energy conservation practices applied to a high extent by the employees in the municipality of Puerto Galera. The level of awareness on waste, water and energy management has no significant difference when grouped according to location as well as the extent of application of waste reduction and energy conservation, while water conservation practices has a significant difference in both locations. There exists a significant difference on the level of awareness of the managers or supervisors and rank and file employees in terms of energy management. The researcher recommend that a hand and hand cooperation of those concerned people in the municipality of Puerto
Galera, can be a stepping stone to mitigate the impacts of improper management of environment and will lead to a more sustainable and internationally competitive Hospitality and Tourism Industry.
Corporate Ethical Virtues: A Dichotomy of Higher
Education Institutions in Davao City
Velouna R. Perez
University of Southern Philippines
This study aimed at determining the level of corporate ethical virtues of Higher Education Institutions
(HEIs) in Davao City. The study tested the difference of the perceived level of corporate ethical virtues of faculty members when grouped according to profile and HEI. The study used the descriptive-comparative method of research. Primary source of data was used. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 177 regular faculty members of the two H E I s i n D a v a o C i t y namely the U n i v e r s i t y o f S o u t h e a s t e r n
Philippines (USEP) and University of Mindanao (UM). The data were analyzed using cross tabulation and mean to present the profile of the respondents and describe the level of corporate ethical virtues

of HEIs. Furthermore, T-test and ANOVA were used to determine the significant difference on the level of corporate ethical virtues when grouped by profile and HEIs. Most of the respondents belong to 31 to
40 years of age, almost equal in number in terms of sex, five years and below in length of service, catholic, married, and master’s degree graduates. The level of corporate ethical virtue of the HEIs in terms of clarity, congruency, supportability, transparency, discussability and sanctionability is high, while feasibility is moderately high. In addition, the study found out that there is no significant difference on the level of corporate ethical virtues when grouped according to profile except for feasibility which shows a significant difference when grouped according to sex. Furthermore, the study shows a significant difference in the level of corporate ethical virtues when grouped according to HEIs in terms of clarity, congruency, supportability, transparency, discussability, and sanctionability except for feasibility which shows no significant difference.
Analysis of Installed Transformers at Bicol University
Main Campus
Fernan D. Dematera, Arturo C. Gesmundo and Gil M. Mediavillo
Bicol University
The study was conducted to determine the installed transformers capacity and its analysis in terms of peak load of buildings/offices connected to it from September 2011 to August 2012. The descriptive method
(on-site survey and actual measurement) was used for data gathering. The researchers used ammeter and multimeter to determine the peak load in amperes and the voltage supplied from the transformer/s to the building. The main campus has eighteen (18) transformers with 1.5235 MVA rated capacity that exceeded the NGCP’s minimum load requirement of 1 MVA. During the first period of measurement (September
2011 to November 2011), the total KVA peak load of the buildings/offices inside the Main Campus was
609.61 while in the second period of measurement (June 2012 to August 2012), the total KVA peak load was 665.94. The BU Administration Building obtained the biggest peak load both during the two tabulation periods. The requirements of NGCP (formerly known as TransCo) for direct connection of an establishment/institution is found in their Open Access Transmission Service (OATS) Rule which was approved by the Energy Regulatory Commission as ERC Case No. 2006-015RC. It is recommended that a power analyzer must be purchased by the university which will give an accurate data in analyzing the load of the building/office at any time even without the presence of the researcher since the data is automatically stored in the instrument. Also, a similar study must be conducted to other campuses of Bicol
University.
Design, Construction and Test Performance of Tiger Grass
Pollen Remover Con Wood Working Machine
Orley G. Fadriquel
Romblon State University
The proponent conceptualized the design, construction and test evaluation of a tiger grass pollen remover con wood working machine. The machine is composed of four major components, the pollen remover assembly, the power unit, the machine frame or support, and the wood lathe assembly. The pollen remover is made of several nylon brush, tightly held by a square bar with wholes fixed inside the angle bar form like a rectangular tube and the spring used to return the middle square bar in its original place while bolt was iii

being tightened. The six pair nylon holders are welded to the solid shaft. The shaft was driven by 0.5 horsepower (hp) motor. The same motor was also used in operating the wood lathe. The machine frame measures 37 in. x 30 in. x 31 inch and carries the component of the machine. The frame was made of 1 ½” x 1 ½’’ and 2” x 2” angle bar, gage 22 G.I. sheet and plastic mesh wire. The joints were shielded metal arc welded to insure strength of the joints. The wood lathe assembly is composed of the headstock which is rigidly fixed to the left end of the lathe bed and carries a spindle. The spindle carries the chuck which will then hold material to be turned. A pulley is attached to the headstock spindle and is driven by the 0.5 hp motor. The tailstock is movable and can be locked in any position along the bed. It also has a spindle that holds the cup center. This spindle can be moved in and out of the tailstock by turning the hand wheel. The cup center is removed by turning the hand wheel counterclockwise. The tool rest (also called the tool support) clamps to the bed and can be adjusted up and down, at any position along the bed. The top edge was made straight and smooth so that the lathe tools can be easily moved. During the test conducted to determine the performance of the machine, it was revealed that the machine performs well in removing tiger grass pollen using the 7-inch pulley and 2 ½ inch nylon brush as revealed by the average time obtained at 1.49 minutes per bundle. In using the same pulley and length of nylon brush, the detached tips from the tiger grass revealed as having the shortest with 2.28 inch. Also during the test of the wood lathe, the time consumed in making a handle depends on the skill of the operator and the size of the raw wood to be used.
A skilled operator can make one handle at an average time of 5 minutes using a 2 x 2 x 24 inch commercial lumber while a novice operator can make one handle at a time of 10-15 minutes using the same wood and size.
The BS Geothermal Engineering Program of the
Bicol University: Implications to the National Renewable
Energy Initiatives
Medel E. Aligan
Bicol University
A summative assessment of the BS Geothermal Engineering program offered by Bicol University during SY
2000 – 2008 was conducted to determine the extent to which the program had achieved its objectives in terms of relevance and performance. It sought to analyze: (1) the effectiveness of the program in achieving its goals and objectives; (2) the relevance of the program to the needs of the industry and the community, and, (3) the outcomes of the program in terms of the profile of the graduates, their employment status, program status and prospects and its impacts to the community and the industry. The study made use of documentary analysis, graduate tracer study and supplemented by wide use of social networking technologies and the Internet. The priorities and strengths of the program lie along the development of the competence of the faculty, methods of instruction and strong linkages. Industry Academe Linkage
Programs between the industry and the Bicol University enabled (1) faculty development , (2) On-the-job trainings which provided extensive laboratory work and hands-on training on Geosciences and Geothermal
Engineering; (3) industry assistance in instruction, research and extension. Analysis of data showed sixty nine percent (69%) are involved in engineering and related fields, of which 35 % are currently employed in the geothermal industry and related areas such as energy regulation, mining and geo-sciences and environmental management . The program produced innovative proposals on the agro-industrial use of geothermal resources, utilization of geothermal wastes and environmental studies aimed at generating new knowledge and technologies in the use of renewable technologies for poverty reduction & sustainable in the Bicol Region as well as in other areas of the country.

Testing Magnetic Interaction and Newton’s Third
Law with an Improvised Magnetic Force Gauge Apparatus
Maria Catherine B. Leelia, Leo C. Cristobal and Jingle B. Magallanes
Josefina H. Cerilles State College
An improvised magnetic force gauge apparatus which can model and quantify a distance-dependent magnetic force was fabricated and was mainly used to test and to validate the magnetic interaction present in a system of two (2) cylindrical disk-shaped magnets, with vertically aligned polar axes in a repulsive configuration. The testing and validation were performed using well-defined experimental procedures, along with a computerized data analysis and derivation of the subsequent numerical values from the generated data using the defined set-up. Investigation on the experimental and analytical derivation and verification of the inverse power law exponent using regression analysis and as well as, validation of the interplay of Newton’s third (3rd) law in the repulsively, interacting magnetic system were also carried-out using the inventive set-up. Measurements obtained on the magnetic force strengths between two (2) coaxial, repulsive, vertically-aligned cylindrical disk-shaped magnets dramatically increase with decreasing separation distance, and decrease with increasing separation distance. With the complex disk-geometry of the repulsively interacting magnetic set-up, the linearized plots of the natural logarithms of magnetic force and separation distance revealed a slope of 2.0, denoting the inverse power law exponent value. Also, clearly evident in the repulsive magnetic set-up is the interplay of Newton’s third (3rd) law, based on the derived magnetic force obtained from the readings taken from the spring balance and the electronic balance, where the percentage (%) error of difference were within the 0.05 % - 1.45 % range, acceptable on the ± 5 % standard allowable margin of error. However, other parameters applicable to the system such as investigations on the limiting distance of the interaction, magnet’s geometry and specification, magnet replacement with a ferromagnetic material, and also improvements on the engineering and design of the improvisation for flaw correction, and an intensive precision validation of the apparatus shall be considered within the context of a more defined and a better refined research framework in the future.
Reconfigurable Truncated Rhombus-like Slotted Antenna
Integrated with PIN Diodes
Suzilawati Muhamud-Kayat
UniversitiT eknologi Mara, Malaysia
In this paper, a novel structure of reconfigurable truncated rhombus-like slotted antenna (RTRSA) integrated with PIN diodes is presented. The structure consists of a slotted ground plane with a thickness of ho sandwiched between two different substrates of different thicknesses, h1 and h2. The upper substrate has lower dielectric constant, Ɛr1 than the bottom substrate, Ɛr2. A unique design of rhombuslike slotted patch with truncated edges is also introduced in this paper. Unlike a conventional antenna which provides one frequency in a single antenna, this RTRSA is focused to operate at two different frequencies by using the same patch size. The introduction of ‘zig-zag’ slot embedded on the radiating patch at different orientations has given a great advantage on the lower frequency to reduce the size of the patch which normally requires bigger patch size. Hence, the overall size of an array antenna can be reduced, lowering the manufacturing cost. The size of the slot and its orientations in x-axis and y-axis significantly affected the excitations of the resonant frequencies. The uniqueness of RTRSA is that it has the same patch size although two different frequencies are achieved. The design simulations have been

performed by using CST Microwave Studio and the proposed antenna has been successfully fabricated and measured in order to validate the simulated results. By integrating the PIN diodes switch with the feed network in an array configuration, the antenna is able to configure at two different frequencies, 5.3 GHz and 5.9 GHz. The antenna performance has been analyzed in terms of return loss, gain and radiation pattern. The simulation and experimental results agree well with each other. The results shall be beneficial to the knowledge domain of wireless communication systems, particularly in the applications of WiMAX and Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC).
Existing Electrical Equipment/Devices at Bicol University
Main Campus
Alwin M. Lunas, Arturo C. Gesmundo, Fernan D. Dematera and Fe de-Leoz Ataiza
Bicol University
The study was conducted to determine the status of electrical equipment/devices found in the distribution system from transformers to distribution panel/s of every building operated by the university in its main campus from April 2011 to March 2012. It was done to come up with the appropriate design of electrical distribution system for direct connection to National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) that will lessen the amount paid for electrical consumption. The descriptive method (on-site survey and inspection) was used for data gathering. The Phillipine Electrical Code (PEC 2009) was the standard used in the analysis of data. The main campus has eighteen (18) transformers with 1.5235 MVA rated capacity that exceeded the NGCP’s minimum load requirement of 1 MVA. The biggest load has an over-current protective device of 400 amperes with 200 mm 2 csa (cross-sectional area) service conductors while the smallest load has 60 amperes with 8 mm 2 csa. Twelve out of twenty one buildings used THWN (moisture-heat resistant with nylon) while the rest used THW (moisture-heat resistant) service conductors. Not all the buildings complied with the standards prescribed by PEC 2009. It is recommended that the university must follow the standards of PEC 2009 for safety purposes.
A Case Study: Optimizing the Fabrication Area for
Metal Enclosures Using Time and Motion Study and Pro Model Simulation in RLS-STC Power
Electric Corporation
Jocelyn E. Delgado, Lara Charese Yanesa and Maricar G. Misolab
Technological Institute of the Philippines
The need for a smooth-flowing process in manufacturing should be given importance for the optimization of the whole production. This research is to maximize the resources and meet the required efficiency and productivity of RLS-STC Powers Electric Corporation—a manufacturing industry of electrical equipment located in Bagumbayan Taguig City. This study is concerned with layout designing and application of
ProModel, a tool used in simulating a certain process at a given time, which could result to an optimized flow process. Without manual computations, data for optimized operations are generated statistically through this simulation tool. Moreover, with the gathered data from conducting a time and motion study, a three-dimensional graphical representation is created. Using this simulation tool, a program is generated for the statistical treatment of the inputs that comes up with the work percentage of a certain production.

The analysis of time and motion study (TMS) is summarized into an existing and proposed flow process.
The result revealed that a U-shape layout is the most appropriate design for the production area of the said company. Comparative analysis of the two layouts is shown by the difference in their productivity—from nine units of metal enclosures to 16 units of production that is equivalent to a 43.75% increment. As for the efficiency, the observed time and distance of the current production that runs for 279.59 minutes is minimized to 185.42 minutes that is equivalent of 33.68% improvement. Therefore, RLS-STC Powers
Electric Corporation can maximize both productivity of the metal fabrication area in manufacturing metal enclosures using TMS and ProModel software.
Competing Values Framework of Administrators among Private Colleges in the National Capital Region
Raymond Q. Datuon
Chiang Kai Shek College
The study attempted to identify the demographic profile of the respondents namely: the type of institution, position, age, gender, civil status, religion, highest educational attainment, and years of service as an administrator with respect to the competing values framework as well as the differences on organizational culture, management practices, and skills categorized according to the profile variables of the respondents.
The research adopted the descriptive-evaluative method employing the survey technique with questionnaire as a tool. A total of 150 randomly selected respondents from 14 private colleges with at least
Level II program accreditation from PAASCU and PACUCOA were this study’s subjects. Selected participants answered an ipsative and Likert-format survey questionnaires. Data gathered from these research instruments were then computed for interpretation using percentage, weighted mean, t-test, and ANOVA.
Predominantly, the respondents were from the sectarian colleges who were college department chairs/heads and were mostly from the 41-50 age range, married Roman Catholics with master’s degree and were serving for 6-10 years as administrators. As a result, their present and preferred organizational culture as well as management practice and skill of administrators was that of clan culture having it based on the competing values framework developed by Cameron & Quinn (2006, 2011).In addition, significant differences were found on the key dimensions of organizational culture when grouped according to type of institution, position, age group, civil status, religion, highest educational attainment, and years of service as an administrator. On the contrary, the management practices and management skills of the respondent administrators have no significant differences when grouped according to their profiles. Based on the conclusions, the researcher recommends to design an Executive Training Program for Administrators in
Private Colleges since the results have shown that there were some administrators who scored low in some of the items in the Competing Values Management Practices Survey and Management Skills Assessment
Instrument. Furthermore, a similar study should be conducted to the administrators of state colleges and universities, local government colleges and universities, and CHED deregulated and autonomous higher education institutions.
An Evaluation of the Special BSN Program for Medical Doctors
Aida A. Inabanga, Marcelo T. Lopez and Amelianita A. Jugasan
Cebu Normal University

The Nursing Education in the country intends to address the health needs of the people through quality health services and keeping it relevant and apace with the demands global competitiveness. With the acute shortage of nurses in the developed countries, other professionals responded by taking up nursing as an alternative career. Closely allied with the nursing profession, medical doctors are among those who enrolled in short-term nursing programs for professional. In addressing this market-driven trend, Cebu
Normal University (CNU) designed and operated a 16-month special nursing program for medical doctors.
After completion by the first batch of graduates, an evaluation of the program is deemed necessary in finetuning the major components of the offering, hence this inquiry. The main purpose of the study is to assess the BSN-MD program and to find out student motivations and perceptions about their formal study. This evaluative research was done to the pioneer group of medical doctors of Cebu who were taking up nursing in Cebu Normal University under the special program. All 69 medical doctors enrolled responded to the questionnaires given. The researchers mainly collated their answers and took the average, look for the mean, and rank those as far as priorities are concerned. Majority of the First batch of students in the BSN for Medical Doctors were female, married with 1 to 3 dependents. Most of these medical doctors were in the service for 6-10 years and above 20 years. It can be inferred that these respondents had been in service for a good number of years. Estella, in Sunstar Daily (March 21, 2005), mentioned that although the number of the male nurses has been observed to be on rise, the migrant health workers are still predominantly female. According to the 2004 Asian Development Bank report, 65% of Filipino workers overseas are women. Majority of the respondents’ age ranged from 30-38 years old. Contrary to the study by the
National Institute of Health (NIH), it described that migrant health workers (nurses, physical and occupational therapists and midwives) are generally young. They are 20 to 30 years old. Results showed that the first three in rank in motivational factors were economic stability, career mobility and family security. The chance to go abroad and change in environment was only 4.5 in rank. The MDs who took up
Nursing had their share of difficulties. Their advantages outweighed their disadvantages. They found it difficult to come up with the course requirements on time. They still attend to their hospital works, attend to their patients in their clinics, attend their responsibilities at home and attend classes in the evening and weekends. Definitely, complying the requirements on time, coping up with their respective works are their major problems. It is then concluded that BSN-MD program had helped in providing relevant nursing education to medical doctors despite the challenges.
Tracking the Effectiveness of Graduate Education:
Basis for Planning and Curriculum Enrichment
Emilia P. Pacoy, Arboy B. Encabo and Gabuya R. Remegio
University of Southern Philippines
This research undertaking revolved around four main issues of effectiveness of graduate education in the
College of Governance, Business and Economics namely, a) students’ satisfaction, b) students’ perception on institutional reputation, c) self-readiness of graduates, and d)enhancement of students’ core competence. Descriptive evaluative method was employed to analyze data from 116 respondents who were graduate students of the seven degree programs offered by the College. Results revealed that although many of the graduates were reaping the benefits of the degree earned, majority of them would still recommend additional training programs for further career enhancement. Interpersonal Skills Training,
English Proficiency and Research and Development Training emerged as the preferred courses to be added in the existing program. Overall, respondents were generally satisfied with the programs and services of
CGBE comprising the areas of curriculum, evaluation system, teaching staff and facilities. Graduates

affirmed that the College was effective in enhancing their interpersonal ability, problem solving skills, teamwork and values development. The capacity of the College to develop the self-readiness skills of the graduates was rated to a high extent. Results also showed that the College has earned a good reputation in terms of becoming a renowned research institution and in providing quality education. Finally, respondents perceived that their core competence on Research and Development, Planning, and Financial
Analysis and Management were enhanced. The findings call for management to place premium on revisiting and defining what core competence each degree programs should focus vis-à-vis goals and objectives. This also includes a careful consideration on embarking other learning modes to spell out relevance without compromising quality of instruction .
National Comprehensive-Based Teacher Standards
Assessment and Intervention on Teacher Institutions
Ruby V. Gonzales
Davao Del Norte State College
The purpose of the study was to identify the gaps in the performance of the desired teaching competencies of the components of the Department of Education (DepEd) and Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) in
Region XI in order to determine a suitable intervention that would open their awareness on the national competency-based teacher standards and related updates, which would eventually lead to the future improvement of their performance in the desired teaching competencies. The mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) design of research was utilized specifically the sequential exploratory strategy. The instruments used were; a constructed guide questionnaire duly validated for a Focus Group Discussion
(FGD) in the first phase, a standardized assessment tool based from the National Competency Based
Teacher Standards (NCBTS) for the survey in the second phase, and a training design with a pre/posttest tool developed and duly validated in the third phase for the intervention in the fourth phase. The study was conducted among the four State University and State Colleges (SUCs) and six cooperating schools in Region
XI. The qualitative and quantitative findings bared significant data that led from one phase to another.
Phase one revealed the ideal attributes that the Department of Education wishes the teacher education graduates to possess. These were set alongside the national competency based teacher standards such as: they must have good work ethics and attitude that correspond with domains one and seven; content knowledge that corresponds with domains two, four, five, and seven; all competencies, that correspond with all the domains; and other affective qualities that correspond with domains one, two, three, six, and seven. Other results were the gray areas in the teachers’ performance in the workplace such as: they have no good work ethics and attitude that correspond to the need to develop domains one and seven; there is loss of enthusiasm that corresponds to the need for the development of domains one and seven; and deterioration of values that corresponds with the need to develop domains one, two, three, and seven. The causes revealed were, agency-caused teacher setbacks, personal setbacks, and call of nature beyond human control drawbacks. The last findings in phase one were about the expectations of DepEd from TEIs concerning the formation of the new TEP graduates, which are: quality graduates equipped with knowledge, coupled with commitment and dedication; quality teachers because they are intelligent, and with all good qualities; and graduates who are updated with new trends and programs of DepEd. When set alongside the NCBTS, these required all the strands of the desired teaching competencies and performance indicators of all the seven domains. It is a principal recommendation of this study that the intervention conducted should be made as a model to be replicated not only in other SUCs but also in other private
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs).

Toward a More Effective End-of-Course Evaluation Scheme
Subra R. Subramanya
National University, USA
The End-of-Course (EoC) evaluations are performed at the end of the courses in almost all institutions of higher learning. The primary objectives of these course and instructor evaluations are to improve the quality of teaching and student learning. However, these EoC evaluations are not very effective in achieving their primary objectives for a variety of reasons, such as (a) use of a common set of evaluation criteria across all courses and disciplines which may not capture the course/discipline specific idiosyncrasies and characteristics; (b) these evaluation schemes have been developed long time ago (over ten years ago or earlier) and are not relevant in many cases, given the changes in course content, and technologies and methodologies of teaching; (c) not accounting for student biases; etc. The time is now ripe for the development of newer EoC evaluation schemes, or at least revisions and updates to existing schemes. This paper proposes a few schemes that can be incorporated into the EoC evaluations in order to make them more effective. It also presents a few of the major issues and challenges in the implementation of the proposed system.
Variables Associated with the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) Readiness of the Bachelor of Secondary
Education (BSE) Pre-Service \Teachers of the Tarlac College of Agriculture S.Y 2010-2011
Analyn Diane Perez-Silverio, Blessie U. Lorenzo and Arnold E. Velasco
This study focused on the probable variables that might be associated with the Licensure Examination for
Teachers (LET) Readiness of the Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSE) Pre-Service Teachers of the Tarlac
College of Agriculture S.Y. 2010-2011. The descriptive-comparative-correlational method was used in the study. A set of questionnaire which is divided into seven (7) categories was administered to the chosen respondents. The competencies of the said tests were based on the Table of Specifications presented by the Professional Regulation Commission Board as per Professional Teachers Resolution No. 10 Series of
2009. Based from the findings of the study, majority of the BSE IV Pre-Service Teachers are 19 and 20 years old; majority of them enrolled in the Teacher Education course because of their parents and most of them have desirable study habits. Majority of the respondents could be considered not yet ready in taking the
General Education test since most of them got a score of below 75 in the given examination. Moreover, the overall mean percentage score of 73.29 in the examination means that the student respondents were weak in almost all areas except for Filipino and Science tests. In terms of the extent of variation among the three majors, Science and Mathematics majors were comparable with a slight difference in mean scores.
TLE majors on the other hand were considered the least performers. Lastly, the students’ profiles did not show any significant correlation therefore it could be gleaned that their age, reasons for enrolling the course and study habits do not directly affect their LET readiness.
The Interdisciplinary Graduate Degree: Pearls, Pitfalls and Provocation
Matthew A. Eichler
Texas State University, USA

Interdisciplinary graduate degree programs can provide means for individuals with varied interests to pursue personal interests or provide a mechanism for solving complex social problems. The Texas State
University Department of Occupational, Workforce, and Leadership Studies offers two interdisciplinary degree programs, the Master of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies and the Master of Arts in
Interdisciplinary Studies. This purpose of this research paper is to present a multiple case study by an emic researcher. Although not generalizable in traditional ways, multiple case studies present an array of experiences of the phenomenon or situation under study. These multiple cases can provide examples of the way in which students utilize the program as well as provide insight into the administration of such a program. Three student cases as well as the administration case are presented in order to provide data for the cross case analysis that follows. Administratively, the programs operate within a department designed the serve the needs of working adults throughout three cities in Central Texas with hybrid and face-to-face classes and beyond, given the growth of Internet-based courses in the department. Because of the rule set governing the degree, students must seek classes from across four disciplines at the university. As a result, no two student programs are alike – they are personalized and individualized. While students do find the program highly useful, students can benefit from a more structured, highly focused approach to degree and career planning.
Relationship between Client, Clinical Related Factors and the Level of Effectiveness of Directly Observed
Treatment Shorthcourse (D.O.T.S)
Ma. Sheryll A. Hilario
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
The purpose of this research study is to correlate the D.O.T.S. client and clinical related factor as to the effectiveness of the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) for tuberculosis in terms of program administration, information dissemination, diagnostic services and medical supplies and medical follow up.
Survey questionnaires were distributed to eighty-two (NTP-TB registered, Fiscal Year 2012) D.O.T.S. client identified and diagnosed of having tuberculosis. Coefficient of Correlation and T-test (test of relationship) is used in determining the influence of the profile of the client and clinical related factor to the effectiveness of the D.O.T.S. program in Iba, Zambales. The findings of the study reveals that there is a significant relationship between the profile of the clients , clinical related factors and the level of effectiveness of the D.O.T.S. program of the RHU. There is a need to take special considerations on the profile of the client and clinical related factors to ensure the effectiveness of D.O.T.S. Program.
Why Do People Eat or Don’t Eat Vegetables
Maria Estela M. Jamorabo and Adela Jamorabo-Ruiz
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The study aimed to provide insights on how hospital dietitians fare in the area of research; describe the research activities undertaken, the types of research engagement, and give recommendations based on the findings. Twelve (12) teaching and training hospitals or Level 4 hospitals all over the Philippines were selected to obtain data on dietetics researches in the Philippines. The chief or head registered nutritionistdietitian (RND) was interviewed to describe the hospital dietitians’ involvement in research activities for the past ten (10) years. Documentary analyses were also done by the researchers. RNDs were involved in

many research activities starting with their dietary department activities on food selection and preparation, meal planning and menu execution, food service, evaluation and documentation of activities.
Administrative dietitians were engaged with budgeting, food cost analysis, recipe testing and standardization, and management of personnel, facilities and equipment. Clinical and patient care dietitians did case studies and clinical assessments, engaged in developing instructional materials, general surveys, benchmarking activities, documenting nutrition practices, and in calorie counting and monitoring of intake of patients to assist in researches conducted by medical professionals. RNDs perform research activities as part of their daily functions and duties. Many of them do not document these research activities into the appropriate research format whether an action research, a descriptive survey or an analytical research. The few hospital RNDs who get published were those involved with medical professionals doing clinical studies necessitating diet computations and nutrition analysis. Continuing training of RNDs and hospital-academe collaborations on the conduct of researches is encouraged to widen the awareness and development of a research culture among RNDs. Research mentoring is also suggested to spread out the expertise of excellent RND researchers who are willing to help their colleagues.
Prevalence of Parasitic Infection and Relationship with
Anemia in Al-Doullab Village-Babylon Province, Iraq
Ahmed K.A Al-Hamairy
University of Babylon, Iraq
This study was conducted from October 2011 till September 2012 to detect the prevalence of anemia and relationship with parasitic (protozoan and helminthes) infection. A total of 389 samples (feceses and blood) were examined form patients attended to primary health center in Al-Doullab Village(Babylon Province\
Iraq).Their ages range from 1-55 years . The overall percentage of anemia was (20.9%) and the highest percentage incidences were in females 59.2% comparison with males (40.8 %). The overall percentage of parasitic infection was 60.15% distributed as 58.7 % for females and 60.9 % for males. The highest percentages were those of Entamoeba histolytica followed by Enterobius vermicularis then Giardia lamblia
, then Ancylostoma deudenale ,then Ascaris lumbricoides and the lowest Trichuris trichura .The percentage of anemia is higher in infected persons compared with non-infected with parasites, as infection with
E.histolytica
, then G.lamblia
, T.trichura
, A.lumbricoides
,while infection with E.vermicularis
the percentage of infection is higher in non-anemic individuals. Otherwise the highest percentage of infection by
E.histolytica
appears in the ages group 31-40 while the lowest was in ages group 41-50 and more. As regard to infection of G.lamblia
the highest infection was in age 1-10 while the lowest was in age 31-40 .
E.vermicularis
was dominant in age 41-50 and less in the age 1-10. The highest infection with A.duedenale
was in the age 31-40 while the lowest was in age 11-20. The highest infection rate A.lumbricoides
was in the age 1-10 while the lowest was in age 11-20. The infection the highest infection rate with T.trichura
was in the age 1-10 while the lowest was in age 11-20. As regards to hemoglobin concentration and the type of parasite, the highest concentration was observed in case of infection by G.lamblia
then E.histolytica
,
A.lumbricoides
, E.vermicularis
, T.trichura
then the lowest was in A.duedenale
. Cocerning the concentration of hemoglobin in different age group, the highest concentration was arranged in the age groups 41-50, 31-40 , 1-10 , 11-20 , 21-30.
Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructure in Korea
Ygee Larion and Jong Jae-Lee

Sejong University, South Korea
Smart structures are defined as innovative systems possessing sensing and responding capabilities resembling biological systems. In civil engineering, most applications of smart structure concepts deal with structural health monitoring and vibration control of infrastructures. Related with the rapid development of infrastructures in Korea, there is a high necessity to perform structural health monitoring to assure the safety and serviceability of the structures. This paper presents a comprehensive summary on some of the state-of-the-art structural heath monitoring techniques for civil infra-structures in Korea. For the nondestructive test (NDT) of bridge cables, aiming to replace human inspection method, a cable climbing robot system, which performs visual-based surface damage detection and magnetic sensor-based inside damage detection, is developed. Several researches related with structural integrity assessment using vibration data are also performed such as evaluation of load carrying capacity of bridge by finite element
(FE) model updating using ambient vibration data, identification of modal parameters for existing dam flood gates and performance evaluation of building structures using vibration data before and after an earthquake. Aimed at visual based displacement measurement, a highly cost-effective system capable of synchronized displacement and rotation measurement using digital video camcorder, telescopic lens and laptop is developed. A method to replace manual inspection of underwater structures is established using a SONAR system; wherein the side scans sonar system is installed on a remotely operated vehicle to reproduce images of underwater structures and execute localized measurement without any operation difficulties. Maintenance for plant structures, involving numerical analysis for identification of monitoring position, organization of monitoring setup, and monitoring through finite element (FE) model updating, is also performed.
Evaluation of IL-1a and other Immunological Factors for
Appendicitis
Abd Alnabi J. Abid
University of Babylon, Iraq
Acute appendicitis is acute if the condition happened as a result of obstruction of the bowel or excessive growth normal flora. One hundred and fifty blood samples were collected from patients who had undergone appendectomy operation from AL-Hilla general teaching hospital -Iraq. This study was conducted to determine the type of immune response for appendicitis by estimating concentrations of IL-
1α and complement components levels. The phagocytosis activity of patients phagocytic cells were estimated by using nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) assay. Percentage of patient’s polymorph nuclear cells
(PMNs) positive to NBT reached 10.4 to 16.1 %. Immunological tests to patients’ blood with appendicitis refer to significant increase in the concentration of complement components (C3, C4) compared to control
(healthy persons), as well as, the study was conducted to determine the concentration of IL 1α and its variations with patients age and inflammatory status. Levels of IL 1 α enhanced in all patients sera in comparison with control (healthy persons).
In the Midst of Traditional Birth Attendants: Herbs, Myticism and Medical
Implications
Bryan Joseph Matillano

Leyte Normal University
Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) attend to expecting mothers on their daily routines from paglilihi until the delivery and the care of the newborn infants. They are consulted for the dos and don’ts in pregnancy.
Hilot or partera as they are often called, use and recommend herbs common in the community. Some herbs are personally prepared by the hilots themselves while others are conventionally prepared by the family.
In this aspect of knowledge, hilots gained massive acceptance from the people to the extent of following what they advise over the Barangay Health Workers (BHW) recommend thus calling them learned in the community. The use of herbs is usually accompanied by rituals, beliefs and practices invoking the spiritual world as they are explained by traditional rationales. Proven through time this health system had been deeply rooted in the culture of the Filipinos on the basic concept of sickness and health. In the Extended
Maternal and Child Health Program of the Department of Health, TBAs are to be trained and adopt the midwifery care. They are not to administer deliveries, for all births should be at hospital facilities and Rural
Health Units and be managed by professional health skilled workers. Despite of the mandatory order of the
DOH, some TBAs did not embrace this directive. In a typical Philippine rural locale where distance, poverty and illiteracy are the basic characteristics, people cleave on the TBAs. This descriptive-longitudinal study aims to describe the trend of the births attended by the TBAs compared to skilled professionals on 2005,
2007, 2009 and 2011. Notwithstanding the implementing rules, untrained TBAs are still active in the remote barangays and some are working undergrounds and manage to develop their own network. TBAs as one of the frontlines of rural maternal-child care must be encouraged to be trained the medical way in order to offer a more genuine health services. Thus, BHW headed by the midwife must closely monitor the activities of the TBAs and encourage them to undergo trainings and launch advocacies on do’s and don’ts in pregnancy. Furthermore, the academe and future researchers need to continue scientific inquiries particularly on the chemico-medical properties of the plant used by the TBAs.
Communication of Health Issues among Aeta Community
Claudia Odette J. Ayal, Beverlie H. Garcia and Milagrosa A. Lawas
Manuel Enverga University Foundation
The study aimed to find out how health issues are communicated to indigenous peoples such as the Aeta community and how their indigenous beliefs and practices affect their level of acceptance on and accessibility to health information and issues. The study is a descriptive research that employed quantitative and qualitative approaches. For the quantitative approach, the survey method was used to elicit data as to the level of their knowledge on health issues as well as their primary source of information on health issues .For the qualitative approach, informal interviews and observations were done to verify the data gathered in the survey among the Aeta community. The locale of the study was the Aeta community in Brgy. Tongko, Tayabas City. A total of 85 Aeta residents from the community were chosen randomly. Survey questionnaire, FGD guide, interview protocol, and observation guide served as research instruments. Based on the findings, it was found out that the Aetas are very much aware of first aid or emergency procedures, which are basic to their survival. They also have awareness on proper baby care because most mothers avail of prenatal and post natal check up at the health center. On the other hand, they were least aware of communicable diseases and other diseases, which could be attributed to the fact that they were least exposed to EIC or other communication materials that tackle current health issues.
They lack familiarity on current issues about health and diseases because of the use of jargons in most communication materials. Not all Aetas have attained higher education and most health information

materials available in the community are targeting a general audience. Information provided by the health centers are also only limited to maternal and child care. The findings imply that there is a need to improve access to health-related information for indigenous peoples by focusing on developing health materials that suit the level of literacy of the IPs. Cultural themes, metaphors, or folktales could be used to deliver health messages. Visual printed form such as leaflets, brochures, and posters could be considered as a tool to educate the IPs as they are more mobile and easily distributed. However, proper care should be taken in choosing the best presentation of health issues. This demands more creativity on the part of those tasked to deliver health information. There is also a need to evaluate reading level of IP education materials.
Cultural competence of institutions and individuals providing health care through multicultural trainings and education should also be enhanced. There is a need to develop skills in collaborative practice by working effectively in partnership with the Council of Elders or opinion leaders in the indigenous community. Proper education of community leaders and members is also necessary so as to make the transfer of information valid and reliable.
A Collation of Matigsalug Indigenous Games in Sitio Malamba,
Marilog District, Davao City
Redner D. Palomaria
University of the Philippines Mindanao
The study of Matigsalug Indigenous Games is one of the ten-study projects of an on-going attempt to retrieve and document traditional games among the ethnic communities as recognized local tribes in Davao
City. Triangulation methods were utilized using direct participatory, observational approach, in-depth interview, fieldwork and a focus group discussion. The Matigsalug tribes known as people living besides the
“Salug” (Davao) River is one of the aboriginal immigrants of Davao City which identifies a distinct culture and precept in the island. They are divided into five (5) sub-groups; these are Matiglongilan, Pulangion,
Talaandig, Matiglabo and Ata tribe. Prior to the foreign colonization, the tribes already had customary concepts and practices. Diversified rituals for abundant harvests, courtships, fortunes and traditional games are already practiced. But most of these practices especially in traditional games are undocumented and unexplored. Games as commonly known as socializing forces of Filipino family has a distinct meaning in the collation of Matigsalug Indigenous games. Most of the documented games of the tribes are not for the pastimes but in attempt of seeking and hunting food for survival. The Lolilid to bonabba and P o niting are means of tribal practices in-order to catch wild animals in the forest in searching for food which uses the
“Pana and Gossa” (Bow and Arrow) and “Pangasso Sobbat” (Spear). The lombok povatas, poobitoy diyot weeg, ompuan povatas and oppuk diyot daum to weeg are sets of games held in the river to catch for fish, shrimps, crabs, frogs for food and for survival. These traditional practices are handed from generation to generation which serve as socio-historical markers of the tribes.
Mt. Isarog Literature: A Showcase of Camarinense
Cultural Diversity
Ma. Aurora Gratela Caballero

Partido State University
The study aims to discern the showcase of cultural diversity of Camarinense through Mt. Isarog Literature.
The problems were: (1) what are Mt. Isarog Literatures that have been diffused in the places of the
Camarinense? (2)Are there variations of Mt. Isarog Literature that showcase the culture of Camarinense?
(3.) What are the cultural diversities showcased in Mt. Isarog Literature, in terms of tradition, education, religion and arts. The research design was Ethnographic-Descriptive Qualitative and purposive or deliberate
Non-random Sampling was used. Results, (1) Forty-four (44) titles of Mt. Isarog Literatures were classified as Folktales, myths and fables. Some are distinct stories on phenomenon such as supernatural people, animals; unusual plants and items; historical events; romantic love; faith or religion and Mt. Isarog characteristics. (2) Thirty-seven variety of Mt. Isarog Literatures and 6 common told stories in all places of camarinense.(3) Some cultural diversities that showcased in Mt. Isarog Literature, in terms of tradition, education, religion and arts. A nalysis in various Mt. Isarog Literatures expressed historical events during
Japanese occupation, cultural and regional courtship and wedding traditions; farming and harvesting education; religious beliefs such as anito (demigod), anting- anting (amulet) and catholic beliefs; and arts in music, dance and rituals to cure the sick and cast away bad spirits. The study showed significance that:
(A) some traditions, beliefs, traits and culture are presently practiced by the old ones; young ones know the literatures and practices but seldom of them patronized and practiced the cultural heritage) stories are based on local milieu, people and events which are instruments to recognize, describe, bequeath ethnic literatures and culture; can be utilized in K+12 curriculum and tourist attraction.
Monolinggwal na Glosaryo ng mga Leksikong Katutubo sa Pag-iirok sa Indang, Cavite
Melinda L. Nomananap
Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite
Ang pag-aaral na ito ay tumuon sa pagbuo ng isang monolinggwal na glosaryo ng mga leksikong katutubo sa pag-iirok sa Indang, Cavite. Nilayon nitong maipaliwanag ang pag-iirok bilang isang hanapbuhay, maibigay ang mga salitang ginagamit kaugnay nito at makabuo ng isang monolinggwal na glosaryo. Ginamit ang deskriptibong pamamaraan. Ang pag-aaral ay isinagawa sa mga piling baryo ng Indang, Cavite gaya ng
Agus-os, Bancod, Guyam Munti, Tambo Malaki at Kayquit. Ang mga kalahok sa pag-aaral ay binubuo ng dalawampu't limang (25) reaktor na kinabibilangan ng guro, mag-aaral at mga taong may kaalaman sa pagiirok.
Effective Participation of Indigenous Cultural Communities in Philippine Politics: an Elusive Dream
Zoilo Belano Jr.
University of the Philippines Los Baños
The United Nations General Assembly designated the years 1993- 2003 as the International Decade of the
World’s Indigenous People as part of its initiative to increase awareness and to promote the involvement and well- being of the indigenous peoples (IPs). Most countries in the world which have significant number of indigenous cultural communities (ICCs) heeded to the call and have endeavoured to integrate them to

the formal mainstream politics. Making them part of the political community and significant political actors is indeed a noble initiative. However, the actual implementation or integration can be very difficult and challenging. To examine the proposition, this research will expound on the following factors which have assisted the participation of indigenous cultural communities into Philippine politics; first, the inclusion of provisions on indigenous peoples in the 1987 Philippine Constitution; second, the creation of the Cordillera
Administrative Region (CAR) in Northern Philippines and the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(ARMM) in Southern Philippines; third, the enactment of the Indigenous People’s Rights Act; and fourth, the legislation of the Local Government Code of 1991. After elaborating on those factors, I will evaluate on whether or not their participation means their emancipation from, or merely their co-optation with the existing governmental system. I will also utilize Arstein's Ladder of Citizen’s Participation to thoroughly evaluate the ICCs’ participation. I will argue that although these government initiatives might be construed as emancipating the ICCs from being mere ‘spectators’ or underrepresented members of the society; however, these effort and mechanism have been manipulatively utilized by the Philippine state to co- opt and win them so as to support the very system which has abused and more often just used them mainly for its gain. These initiatives were not well- motivated; hence, have not genuinely emancipated them.
The Spanish Fort Ruins and Watchtower at Sabang,
San Jose, Camarines Sur: A Historical Analysis
Siony O. Pervera and Marie Jane S. Pacamarra and Emy J. Salvo
Partido State University
The researchers traced the historical account of the Spanish Fort Ruins and Watchtower, two potential tourist attractions at Sabang, San Jose, Camarines Sur. First-hand information was based on its objectives: identify historical sites, publish a historical account of fort ruins and watchtower, establish & sustain tourism and assist & support in the preservation of Bicol Culture at San Jose, Camarines Sur to help develop tourism industry and propel the economic development of the people. Historical and qualitative method of research was used. Primary sources of data were original Spanish documents, microfilm, Bicol history books and responses to unstructured interview. The researchers lived at the site, interview residents and observed their way of living, customs, traditions and culture. The Spaniards installed a signal system in the
Watchtower to gaze the approaching Moro marauders and relay the warning from pueblo to pueblo while the fort ruins was probably the church built by the Franciscan Friars during the 16 th century which served as the residential house of the Spaniards or center of commercial trade in the place. The researchers concluded that the Spanish Fort Ruins/Achondo Bodega and the Watchtower are part of the historical and cultural heritage of the Bicolanos at San Jose, Camarines Sur. The people’s attitudes, customs and traditions are greatly influenced by the Spaniards. The value of these old structures at Sabang should be restored, preserved and maintained because this will remind us of the early Spanish contributions to the region’s development and the LGU of San Jose, barangay residents and stakeholders should spearhead the old structure’s restoration, preservation and development as tourist destination in the area.
Scenarios to the Futures of Ilocano Language Usage
Using Jim Dator’s Alternative Futures Archetypes

Romelene G. Pacis
Northwestern University
With the Ilocano language at the point of wherein it is extensively studied not only within homes and communities but also within a multitude of institutions, the question on what will it be like in the future and its possible, probable and preferred futures is an emerging issue. Its futures are occasionally given thought and are addressed informally by some Ilocano scholars and writers in the North of the Philippines.
This paper aims to explore the futures of the Ilocano language usage in the twenty first century using
Professor Jim Dator’s alternative futures and scenario archetypes. Specifically, it aims to explore the following questions: what will Ilocano language usage be like in the year 2040 in a continued economic growth, collapse, conserver and transformation scenarios? As Ilocano language users, what are our fears and our hopes? What are the possible and plausible futures of Ilocano language usage? What are the alternative futures? What is the preferred future? This paper is an initial offering to explore the futures of the Ilocano language usage using futures research methods, documentary analysis, focus interview and focus group discussion to gather data. This paper aims to make the discussion to the future of the Ilocano language usage more problematic and contribute to the effort of diversifying Ilocano language research and Ilocano studies. The purpose of this research is not to predict the future of Ilocano language usage but to explore the many possibilities of its futures. It is assumed that Ilocano language usage is decolonized and will flourish in the post-normal times.
Ang Historiograpiya sa Agos ng Kasaysayang Pilipino
Raul Roland R. Sebastian
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sa loob ng mahabang panahon, maraming mga Pilipinong historyador ang naging tagasunod ng isang mahigpit na tradisyon sa pagsusulat ng kasaysayan, isang tradisyon na nakaangkla sa positibismohistorisismo na kung saan ang katotohanan at interpretasyon tungkol sa nakaraan ay palaging nakabatay sa mga tiyak na datos, na makukuha pagkatapos magawa ang pagsusuring panloob at panlabas sa mga dokumento. Ang mga dokumento ay bakas ng mga pangyayaring naganap. Kaya mapag-aaralan ang nakaraan sa pamamagitan ng mga dokumento. Gayumpaman, hindi kaagad-agad naniniwala ang isang historyador sa nilalaman ng dokumento hangga’t hindi niya tiyak ang pagiging tunay ( authentic ) nito. Ang tradisyunal na metodolohiya sa kasaysayan ay isinaaklat nina Charles Victor Langlois at Charles Seignobos bilang Introduction to the Study of History noong 1898. Apat ang mapapansing mahalagang katangian ng metodolohiyang ito: una, ang kasaysayan ‘di umano ay binubuo lamang ng mga nakalipas nang pangyayari; pangalawa, ang kahalagahan ng dokumento bilang batis sa muling pagbubuo ( reconstruction ) ng mga kaganapang pangkasaysayan; pangatlo, ang paggamit ng panloob at panlabas ng pagsusuri o kritika upang matiyak ang katunayan ng dokumento at mga nilalahad nito; at pang-apat, sentral baga ang papel ng mga naghahari sa lipunan bilang taga-gawa ng kasaysayan. Ang mga pangyayari ay maaaring mapag-aralan sa pamamagitan ng dalawang kaparaanan: una, ang tuwirang obserbasyon ng pangyayari habang ito ay nagaganap (halimbawa ay ang tuwirang danas ng isang tao sa lindol); pangalawa, ang hindi tuwirang obserbasyon na makukuha sa pamamagitan ng mga bakas na naiwan ng naturang pangyayari (mula sa halimbawang naibigay sa itaas, malalaman ngang lumindol sa pamamagitan ng mga uka sa lupa na makikita bilang epekto ng paglindol). Sa ganitong pangangatwiran, maipapaliwanag ang pagiging hindi tuwirang kaalaman ( indirect knowledge ) ng anumang kaalamang pangkasaysayan. Ang dokumento ay simula ng anumang saliksik pangkasaysayan, ang fakt naman ay ang layunin samakatuwid. Sa pagitan ng simula at layuning ito, pinagdadaanan ng isang historyador ang isang masalimuot na proseso – ang kritisismong

panlabas at panloob ( external and internal criticisms ). Ang una ay tumutukoy sa mismong pisikal na katangian ng dokumento (Ito ba’y nasa katulad na kondisyon nang ito’y unang magawa? Nasira na ba ito?).
Layunin din ng pagsusuring ito ang alamin ang pagkakagawa ng dokumento upang maipreserba, kung maaari ay sa orihinal na anyo nito, at upang matukoy din ang pinanggalingan/pinagmulan nito. Sa kabuuan, binubuo ang preliminaryong imbestigasyong ito ang pagtukoy sa pagsulat, wika, anyo, at pinagmulan ng isang dokumento. Samantalang tinutukoy naman ng kritisismong panloob ang pagtukoy sa kalagayang pangkaisipan na mahihinuha sa nilalaman ng dokumento. Itinatanong sa puntong ito ang maaaring naiisip ng awtor/sumulat matapos malaman ang kanyang sinasabi sa dokumento (Anong ibig niyang sabihin?
Pinaniniwalaan ba niya ang kanyang sinasabi?). Pagkatapos na matiyak ang mga isinasaad ng dokumento at maging ang mismong kaganapang pangkasaysayan, susunod na proseso ay ang pagbubuong muli nito upang makita naman ang kaugnayan nito sa nauna at kalaunang mga pangyayari.Lahat ng ito ay bunga na rin ng pagsusumikap ni Leopold von Ranke na gawing siyentipiko at obhektibo ang pag-aaral ng kasaysayan
– ang pag-uulat sa kasaysayan kung paano ito naganap. Gayumpaman, tulad ng ibang teoryang pangkasaysayan, may makikitang kahinaan ang tradisyunal na metodolohiya na nakabatay sa positibismohistorisismo. Pinangunahan ng eskwelang Annales ang pagbatikos sa tradisyunal na metodo ng kasaysayan.
Ang reaksyong ito ay natunghayan sa 1929 nang ilunsad nina Lucien Febvre at Marc Bloch ang dyornal na pinamagatang Annales d’histoire economique et sociales . Nang lumaon naging bahagi na rin si Fernand
Braudel ng Annales . Halimbawa ng pagbatikos na ito ay nakatuon sa pagiging sentral ng aspetong pulitikal sa kasaysayan. Pinabulaanan din ng naturang eskwela ang pagtingin sa kasaysayan bilang histoire evenementielle na nakatuon pagsasalaysay ng mga pangyayari. Ayon sa kanila, hindi sapat ang pagsasalaysay lamang ng mga pangyayari sapagkat nagbibigay diin lamang sila sa pagkakasunud-sunod ng mga pangyayari o kronika, at wala ngang maibibigay na kabuluhan. Samakatuwid, salat sa saysay ang tradisyunal na kasaysayan at hindi nasasalamin ng kasaysayan, sa ganitong modo, ang kabuuan ng karanasan ng tao at lipunan sampu ng kanilang pakikipag-ulayaw sa iba’t-ibang faktor na humuhubog sa kaganapan (hindi lamang pulitika!).Bunga na rin ng pagsusumikap na mapunan ang mga kakulangan at kahinaan ng nasabing tradisyon, isang bagong pamamaraan sa pag-aaral ng kasaysayan, na mas kilala bilang
Bagong Kasaysayan ( nouvelle histoire ), na naglalayon na makapagbigay ng interpretasyon sa mga datos mula sa ibang perspektibo kabilang na ang mga paksa na dati ay itinuturing na labas o walang kinalaman sa disiplina ng kasaysayan. Isa sa mga pagbabagong ipinakilala ng eskwelang Annales ay ang pakikihugpong o pakikipag-ugnayan ng kasaysayan sa iba’t-ibang disiplina sa agham panlipunan (e.g. antropolohiya, ekonomiks, linggwistiks, sosyolohiya) at maging ang matematika/estadistika. Halimbawa ng naging bunga ng hugpungang ito ay ang cliometrics na tumutukoy sa aplikasyon ng teorya sa ekonomiks, at ng mga metodong ekonometrikal at matematikal sa pag-aaral ng kasaysayan, partikular na sa kasaysayang ekonomiko, na dinalumat at unang lumaganap sa Estados Unidos sa pangunguna ni Jean Markiewiez.
Nabanggit sa itaas na tinitingnan ng tradisyunal na kasaysayan ang mga pangyayari bilang gawa ng mga naghaharing uri, samakatuwid mas binibigyang diin ang pulitika. Sa kabilang banda nito, iginiit naman ng
Annales ang interaksyon ng kasaysayan at ibang aspetong ekonomiko at kultural.
EFL Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy, English Proficiency and Instructional Strategies in Language Centers:
Towards Development of Blueprint for English
Language Pedagogy
Bernadette Anne A. Uy
Olivarez College

This study assessed and determined English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ sense of self-efficacy in relation to their English proficiency and instructional strategies with an end-in-view of developing an English language pedagogy blueprint that would serve as guide in effectively delivering language lessons. It utilized descriptive correlational research method and surveyed 134 EFL teachers in language centers in three cities
South of Manila. The study evidenced teachers’ high level of self-efficacy, language proficiency and teaching strategies as found to be correlational. Hence, it further recommended that the teachers be trained for EFL advancement at par with current trends and innovation. More so, the proposed output of this study was also forwarded for further review, implemented and assessed for further improvement.
An Exploratory Research on the Combined Large-and-Small
Class Mode of Teaching College Towards
Syllabi Enhancement
Maria Luisa B. Recillo
University of the Philippines Los Baños
The main problem of the study is to explore the designing of an enhanced syllabi for college English 1 and
2 courses where the combined large-and-small-class mode of teaching English is employed . The specific problems are: 1) the language faculty profile in educational attainment, work experience, teaching techniques, and student evaluation; 2) course descriptions and contents of English 1 and 2; 3) comparison of their contents and activities; 4) comparison of the performance of selected students in the large and small classes; 5) and how may the syllabi in English 1 and 2 be enhanced in contents, activities, and teaching techniques. The participants are ten (10) English faculty and 600 selected UPLB students (SY
2010-2012). The research method used is exploratory research. The findings of the study revealed that:
(1) the teachers’ highest educational attainment were: one (1) each for PhD in Development
Communication, EdD candidate, MA candidate, BA in Creative Writing and BS in Dev Com both with MA units, and BA in Communication Arts; and four (4) BACA with MA units, work experience ranging from 2-
31 years, and student evaluation ranging from 1.31-1.45 with the verbal interpretation of Very Good for all ratings, and Lecture and Use of White Board as the most common teaching techniques; (2) English 1isa basic language course in college and a preparatory course for English 2 fit for new freshmen, while English
2 is a writing course fit for old freshmen and new sophomores who are able to hurdle English 1; (3) students could not bridge the gap between the learning they acquired from English 1 and 2; (4) more students failed in the small class (of 28 students) than in the large class (of 160 students); and (5) the syllabi for English 1 and 2 may be enhanced for more effective content delivery. Other overpopulated schools may try to implement the combined large-and-small-class mode of instruction in any courses, and then conduct another study on the effects of the mode on the academic performance of their students in order to objectively assess its effectiveness.
L2 Learners Language Diversity and Academic Language
Achievement

Leticia N. Aquino
Philippine Normal University – Isabela
Is language a factor to academic achievement? What significance does it give if one is multilingual? Does being able to speak several languages help an L2 learner become successful in his/her academic language performance? This paper shed light to these questions as it explores relationship of mother tongue, language diversity and academic achievement of the second language learners. The researcher identified the different languages spoken by 89 English majors of the Philippine Normal University Isabela Campus,
Philippines and these languages were correlated with their success in their academic grades in English 01
(Academic Listening and Speaking and English 02 (Academic Reading and Thinking Skills) for the school year
2012-2013. Language diversity is visible among respondents whose languages spoken were as follows:
English and Filipino with 89 respondents, Iloco 88; Ybanag with 20 speakers; 4 Kapampangan, 3 for both
Gaddang and Yogad, 2 for both Ifugao and Cebuano, and 1 for the remaining languages-Ytawes, Waray,
Niponggo, Kalinga, Igorot and Bikol. This was supported by the report of Terry and Irving (2010) that in the
United States today, it is not unusual to find classrooms where three or four different languages and cultures are represented. Among the respondents whose parents speak different Mother Tongues (MT), most of the respondents adapted the language spoken by their mother and not their father. Iloco was found to be the language that was predominantly used as mother tongue of most mothers in the study.
This study supports the claims of most studies that children are closer to their mother even in choosing the mother tongue to be used at home. Most interestingly, this study reveals that inspite of the satisfactory performance of the respondents in English, this academic language performance of theirs has proven to be of no significant relationship with their ability to speak several languages or dialects.
First and Second Language Mix: Tools in Learning a
Third Language
Corazon A. Prejoles
Cebu Normal University
This study describes the use of first or native language and second language or English in learning a target language which is Spanish. Conducted in Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, first semester of 2012-2013 , the study investigates the following: 1) the difficulties of the students in learning Spanish, 2) the effect of using the two languages in their learning Spanish , and 3) possible instructional designs to enhance the learning of the Spanish language in universities. The Nativist Perspective theory of Chomsky supports this study as it views that all humans have a language acquisition device wherein they can learn to understand the rules of whatever language they are listening to (Shaffer, et al, 2002). Likewise, the Interactionist
Theory serves as anchor to this study as it states that language learning is influenced by the learners’ desire to communicate with others.
The learners have a powerful brain that matures slowly and makes them learn something new. This qualitative study uses observations and interview to gather data about the students' difficulties in learning Spanish 1, describes the advantages or effects of using two languages in students’ learning of Basic Spanish. Findings show that the students have difficulties in producing Spanish sounds, pronouncing Spanish words, reading phrases, comprehending and speaking sentences in pure
Spanish language. With the use of their first language, the Cebuano-Visayan, and their second language,
English, in drills, exercises, and activities, and translating them to Spanish, there is an observed ease in grasping and learning Spanish, the target language. It is concluded that when the first or native language is used together with the second language or English to learn a third one which is Spanish, then the

students learn the target language more easily. Using exercises and dialogues in Cebuano-Visayan with
English and Spanish translations can facilitate Spanish language learning in universities.
The Construction of Meaning in Indonesia’s Presidential
Election 2009 Debate Program “Indonesia Bersatu” on Metro TV
Novita Damayanti
Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), Indonesia
In the year 2009, Indonesia had the Presidential election. In this Presidential election, each competitive team participate in debate program broadcast by one of Indonesia’s national television, Metro TV. Next year Indonesia will be held the Presidential election again and seems the same format of debate program will be held again. In order to have a better view in the making of evaluation, especially about the television program’s contribution on election campaign, we think that we need to make a research about how Metro
TV constructed the meaning of “Indonesia Bersatu; Debat Capres-Cawapres Pilpres 2009.” This research focus on the constructive meaning from Metro TV on presidential and vice-president candidacy debate in
Presidential election 2009. The aims of this research is : (1) To know how Metro TV designed the debate program, (2) To analyze how Metro TV construct the reality in that program. Qualitative research method with a constructive paradigm is used in this research. A case study approach is seen to best describe the political public relations activities in this research. The findings showed that the meaning construction on
Metro TV in a debate broadcast in “Indonesia Bersatu” through a frame: The debate 2009 which is a democratic party of a political event of the Indonesians. The constructive meaning broadcasted on Metro
TV tries to give an understanding to the Indonesians especially the viewers to become rational voters, not emotional ones by broadcasting a discussion on the presidential debate 2009. In other words, to winning the vote through the use of television program, emotional manipulation constructed in debate program maybe not the only one winning formula in Indonesia’s election in 2014.
Text Messaging in Language Skills Assessment
Juancho M. Babista
Southern Luzon State University
The research sought to determine the extent by which the text messaging items can be used as assessment tool certain language skills. This is a descriptive, qualitative, single, bounded, within-site study that examined the impact of text messaging language employed as assessment tool for a certain language skills at SLSU
College of Teacher Education. The 79 participants were randomly selected from a population of 157 students

who were admitted to the university and passed the course in English 0 (Vocabulary and Communicative
Grammar), academic year 2009-2010. Different assessment measures to elicit responses as per target language skills were administered. For triangulation purposes, respondents were asked to write down messages in Instant Messaging language and transcribe text messages in both casual and formal writing.
Survey-questionnaire for demographic data and texting behavior, and language assessment tools employing text messaging items were administered. Academic and casual writings of the respondents were also requested for triangulation purposes. After the gathering and tabulation of data, results were tallied and analyzed and subjected to t -test for dependent means. Findings revealed that the assessment tool using text messaging items can test grammar skills with focus on tenses and sentence construction through multiple choice and writing; usage with focus on punctuations and capitalization through correction and completion types; reading comprehension with focus on understanding the content of a text message anf getting at the main idea of a text message through transcription and writing; and phrase/word recognition and spelling through multiple choice. From .the data gathered and tabulated, the researcher formulated the conclusion that the text messaging items are effective assessment tools for certain language skills. It is recommended that if texting has no detrimental effect on spelling, and actually improves literacy development, design mobile-based texting lessons that are significant for education to increase the amount of writing learners do, and to leverage the social nature of literacy development.
Violence as Humor: A Content Analysis of Looney
Tunes’ Slapstick Cartoons
Cherry C. Pebre, Racidon P. Bernarte and Gary Antonio C. Lirio
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Through the use of Quantitative research approach, the researchers determined the portrayal of violence in humor content of Looney Tunes’ slapstick cartoons from 1929-2009. The researchers used content analysis as the research technique to break down the contents of material into meaningful and pertinent units of information. The researchers stratified the sample and afterwards selected it randomly, to create a valid representative sample of the population. Research instruments such as coding guide and coding sheets were used to gather data from the samples. Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that the rate of violence in Looney Tunes’ slapstick cartoons was high. There is a linear increase in the rate of violent acts of Looney Tunes’ slapstick cartoons and had a slow decline that started in 1960s. The portrayal of violence on Looney Tunes’ slapstick cartoons were most of the time offensive in motive, repeatedly unjustified, often have little or no harm to the victim, repeatedly rewarded; and are most of the time perpetrated by antagonist. These were shown with high graphicness and most of the violent acts were portrayed non-humorously but a significant number of violent acts were humorous.
Impact of Journalism among Student-Leaders and Writers in Selected Schools in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Maria Christina N. Ganas
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
Education is the utmost and primary tool for nation-building thus it is basically a public function. The government mandates every academic institution to effect upon every citizen the knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes necessary to become a productive member of the society. It designs and continuous to redesign programs and activities to pro-actively response to both the present needs and future demands

of the country. One of the major programs implemented by DepEd is Campus Journalism. This study focuses on the impact of the Campus Journalism among students in the selected secondary schools in Cagayan de
Oro City who are actively involved in this field via journalism and leadership as demand reading, writing, analyzing and influencing mind. It gears to consider both the reading comprehension and verbal ability of the National Career Assessment Examination- English Result of the 288 student-writers and the nonstudent writers. To determine if Campus Journalism as an activity of students contribute to students’ academic performance particularly in English or has no impact at all, this study employs the t-test. General findings revealed that student-writers get higher scores for both the reading comprehension and verbal ability than those who are not writers. All schools covered in this study bring out similar feature of English performance based on the National Career Assessment Examination Result. Statistical analysis showed significant difference between the mean of reading comprehension as well as the mean of the verbal ability of the journalists and non-journalists Therefore, Campus Journalism as an activity creates a considerable impact in the reading comprehension and verbal ability performance of students based on the National
Career Assessment Test school years 2011-2013.
Plastic Granulator with Concrete Mixer
Joseph M. Cabiente
Laguna State Polytechnic University
The researchers’ primary concern in developing the project, “Plastic Granulator with Concrete Mixer” is to reduce the large volume of plastic wastes by granulating polyethylene terephthalate materials and turn into better product. From this, the researchers come up in combining plastic granulating machine and concrete mixer into an effective and reliable machine. The prototype, Plastic Granulator with Concrete
Mixer is a recycling machine were plastic bottles are granulated and mixed with concrete components. A
1.5 hp induction motor used to provide the power needed in granulating and mixing process. Pairs of belt drives were used to transmit power throughout the system. The plastic granulator runs at maximum of 15 minutes of complete batch operation. The effectiveness of the machine was determined by its capability of granulating huge number of plastics. As the project was developed, the researchers found out how efficient and effective the project as in terms of recycling. With the application of Machine Design principles and concepts, the creative mind of the researchers in using junk materials like plastic bottles, made it possible to create a unique and effective recycling machine. The researchers also reached their objectives and desired outcome. Also, they were able to determine the vitality and useful benefits of the project to the users in many ways such as in the government, business establishments, schools and for future development.
Design and Evaluation of Solar Powered Wind Vane and Anemometer Stimulator
Neonita B. Palmaria
Partido State University
This study on the design and evaluation of a Solar Powered Wind Vane and Anemometer Stimulator out of recyclable and scrap materials. It is intended for instructional purposes in order to find the problems met by meteorology instructors and professors in an institutions offerings meteorology science subjects.
Specifically its purpose is to: 1.) design and construct a solar powered wind vane and anemometer simulator; 2.) conduct and indoor and outdoor functionality test of the device based on the two (2)

parameters (operation of the digital wind direction compass with respect to actual wind direction signal relayed by the magnetic wind speed sensor); 3)compare the test results based from the existing data available in the website. Design and constructions of this project involved the concept of the project, preparation of plans and working drawings, fabrication and construction of major parts, and construction of electrical and electronic circuitry. The construction of electronic circuits involves four major (4) stages:
1) designing and drawing of the schematic diagram; 2) breadboard and initial testing of the circuitry: 3) PCB layout and developing; and 4) assembling of electronic parts in the PCB. Gathering of data focused on the functionality test of the device based on the two (2) parameters: a) operation of the wind direction signal relayed by the wind vane sensor and; b) operation of the digital wind respect to actual wind direction signal relayed by the magnetic win speed sensor. An outdoor test was also conducted and the data obtained was compared to the official data issued by weather stations online. The study found that the through careful design procedure, it is possible to design and construct a low and functional instructional device and simulator out of scrap materials. The simulator operates and functions correctly based on the given parameters. In the outdoor test conducted, wind speed data did not match with the official data since it is affected by different factors such as height of the simulator and obstructions in the surrounding. The simulator project can be replicated for instructional purposes. Since the wind speed output of the simulator is not calibrated to standard, it is recommended that calibration test must be conducted using standard wind speed meter. For greater accuracy of the wind speedometer, the simulator must be installed in a place which is free from obstruction and must follow the standard height. A micro- controller based system must be used in the future prototypes.
Design, Fabrication of a Biofermenting Machine on a
Village Level
Guillermo S. Rillon Jr.
Tarlac College of Agriculture
This research study was conducted to design a biofermentor for treating biologically convertible matter by contacting same with Spirulina, a microalga deposited and immobilized on support carriers. The apparatus is made up of a bioreactor chamber, sludge and collecting chamber and a wastewater conveyor. Piggery slops, bagasse, chicken manure and fresh cow manure was mixed with a solution of food grade chemicals, the medium was prepared by stirring – in waste matter into the water. Spirulina was cultured in the bioreactor to produce a protein biomass and at the same time absorb, degrade and convert the biologically convertible matter. The physico – chemical quality of wastewater before and after undergoing treatment inside the biofermentor were analyzed and evaluated. Based on the result of the physico – chemical analyses the wastewater became odorless, less turbid, and the color gradually changed from brownished to yellow - deep green teeming with Spirulina growth. The concentration of potassium/nitrogen ion concentration was increased while sodium ion concentration was decreased.
There was a marked increase on the biomass yield of Spirulina together with its biochemical composition.
Undervoltage Monitoring and Control Device for Motors
Ghazali Illuminada R. Sison
Technological University of the Philippines

The study is focused on the development of an “Undervoltage Monitoring and Control Device for Motors” to augment the need of protective device for electrical motors in case of undervoltage situation. The prototype used a digital relay, an effective device for sensing abnormal voltage. It also consists of circuit breaker, magnetic contactors, light indicators, and set of switches. The usual protections that the motors have are over current protective device and the overload protective device. The system voltage that the industries are experiencing is not always at its rating and sometimes above or below its needed supply. The aim of the researcher is to have a motor protection against undervoltage, which is considered as one of the factors that contribute to a motor’s damage. The device would be a good tool to protect the motors in the industries since motor is the workhorse of most of the manufacturing industries. It can also be used in commercial or residential sector where motor serve as the main prime mover. The prototype was subjected to several tests with load and without load by adjusting the supply voltage from the nominal voltage of
90%. Based on the results, the device responsible for protecting the motors from undervoltage functioned as expected. The supply voltage for motor has been monitored and made some control action when the voltage decreases for one minute duration. The test results for no load and with load conditions are the same with 100% reliability.
Microcontroller-based Money Coiner
Albert S. Mercado
Batangas State University
Microcontroller-Based Money Coiner is a machine that can change paper bills, and ten-, five-, and one-peso coin, into lower denomination coins. The machine has two slots for inserting money to be changed; one slot is for the coins, and the other one is for the bills. It is composed of recordable bill acceptor and sensor that can identify counterfeit bills. It has the capability of segregating the inserted coins by its denomination.
It consists of buttons for other options, and a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Screen for displaying the amount of money inserted by the user and prompting the user on the next step that he could do. This system eliminates the use of manual money changing. In line with the rapid development in the field of Engineering and Information Technology, the study aimed to develop a machine that provides an easy way of changing money into coins. Prototyping Methodology served as the paradigm of the study. Previous works and studies of different authorities as regards the development of Microcontroller-Based Money Coiner served as the catalyst in its development. The proposed set up, with user's manual for proper instruction and guidance, is ready for implementation and may be utilized in the university as an alternative for existing manual money changing process. Also, further development of the design project in terms of security is recommended for future studies.
Hybrid Go Green Cart
Ma. Erlyn L. Eroles
Laguna State Polytechnic University
In view of global warming, resources like fuel and coal remains to play negative role. Therefore, under these circumstances, it is quite necessary to make new exploration of natural resource of energy and power. With greatly improved energy efficiency, a transition to this energy based economy capable of sustaining the anticipated growth in the world economy is possible and an alternative energy source which is very appealing is solar energy. The proponents came up with the idea of designing an eco-friendly cart in order to provide new technology and innovation that can contribute knowledge and technique in the Green

Transportation Industry. The Hybrid Go Green Cart was developed to promote and maximize the utilization of renewable energy. With this study, solar energy is used as its source of input containing two power sources. The first is through manual mechanical power (pedal) and the second source is using electrical power from a car battery source. The 40-watts solar panel installed on top of the cart was used to charge the battery that drives the dc motor. There is a charge controller circuit that prevents the panel from overcharging the battery when it is fully charged. The device is highly effective and efficient since the incorporated components were useful and the operation is environment-friendly in a sense that there are zero chances of air and sound pollution. Recommendations to the study were cited such as putting a transmission gear to improve the maximum speed of the cart; Installation of reverse task will also be useful;
The use of an electric motor with higher power rating should be utilize to increase the load carrying capacity; and a higher wattage of solar panel may be use to fully maximize its functionality thus reducing the charging time of the battery.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) – Based Child
Monitoring Device
Maribelle R. Jualayba
Technological University of the Philippines
The study is focused on the development of a “Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Based Child
Monitoring Device” to address the problem of a child being lost from his/her parent while inside malls and other public places. This device utilized the Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology due to its vibrant capability and convenience. The system consists of two parts, the hardware components, which include the RFID tag, which is given to the parent and child, that transmits its unique identification code, the RFID reader that receives the code of the tag, a transmitter module that sends notification in case the child has gone far from the parent and a receiver module with an alarm the receives the notification and alarms the buzzer to alert the parent. The software component comprises the application software, which was developed using Visual Basic.Net, responsible for interpretation of the data extracted from the reader and the database system, which was developed using MySQL, where the data are stored. Based on the result of the tests conducted all the RFID tags were detected by the RFID reader within a distance of 8 meters. However, increasing the distance of the tag away from the reader would lessen the possibility of detection due to the specification of the tags and reader as well as the influence of the physical environment. In general the device was proven to be effective and rated 96.875% reliable without obstruction and, 84.375% reliable with obstruction.
The Students’ Teaching Development through
Social Networks
Singh Singkhajorn
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat University, Thailand
The objectives of this research were (1) to compare the achievement of students’ learning through Social
Networks (2) to study the students’ recommendation of studying through Social Networks. The sample of this experimental research was 60 students in Communication Research Course,
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat University, 1 st Semester, Academic Year 2555/2012. The 30-student random sampling group taught through Social Networks, and the control group of 30 students without learning through Social Networks. The data were analyzed by basic statistical averaging, the variance of the scores

and t – Dependent. The results were as follows: 1) the compared study of achievement scores between the experimental group taught through Social Networks and the control group were not significantly different in moral achievement, the achievement scores of knowledge were not significantly different, the achievement scores of cognitive skills were statistically significant at the .05 level, the interpersonal skills and responsibilities of different levels of statistical significance at .05, and analytical skills, numerical, communication and information technology is statistically significant difference, 2) the students’ recommendation of studying through Social Networks, found that 17 students through Social Networks had not any comments, 7 students wanted to develop a model of the video www.youtube.com. Lastly, 6 students wanted every course developed through internet networks.
Crowdsourcing: The Advent of Open Innovative Researches
Ivan Brian L. Inductivo
Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite
Crowdsourcing, the seminal term coined by Jeff Howe (2006) in his article The Rise of Crowdsourcing in the
Wired magazine, connotes the idea of gathering information from a community in order to make decisions.
Henceforth, crowdsourcing has been a problem-solving approach to allow people, especially in a social media platform, to engage and provide data, fund or even analysis. From dictionary building (Scottish words and place-names [SWAP]), patient-based medical researches (InnoCentive), articulating history (Strandlines project), classifying information (University of Oxford’s Galaxy Zoo) and others, this emerging culture has been currently prevalent. Open culture is the contemporary paradigm were people not just share and access information freely, but contribute-develop-disseminate it as well. It provides the society the avenue, not just to interrelate, but to co-create information and technology. Open culture combined with crowdsourcing in the conduct of research makes people involved in the data gathering-processing and empowers them to become both creators and beneficiaries of the information. However, it can be said that there is a current dearth of recognition on this method of research in the Philippine academic landscape.
This study intended to expose, critically analyze and propose open innovative researches through crowdsourcing as a model to improve the research-development-dissemination process. The methodology employed was a dialectics of philosophical inquiry. Its process commenced with an exposition, then, subjected to critical analysis, and finally proposed a synthetic model from the foregoing. The results of the study shows that researchers are seeing and taking the advantages of interactive technology to fund, generate and disseminate their research agenda. It is conclusive that open innovative researches through crowdsourcing becomes more efficient in the accessibility and collaboration of participants, and in the data gathering process as compared to the traditional approach of surveying through written materials. It is, although, disputed with regards to the quality and reliability of the information gathered, especially defending on the source and mode of transmission. Open innovative research is an emerging model which is still continuously evolving to address the needs as well as to improve its process.
The Vision Machines and the Future without Bodies
Jayson C. Jimenez
Polytechnic University of the Philippines

In 2012 London Olympics, the spectacular sporting event honored not an Olympian but a computer geek.
To highlight him in such world event, he must be the brainchild of the most important invention in history.
Giving thanks to Dr. Tim Berners-Lee, the man behind the greatest innovation in 20 th century—the creator of Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) or semiotic interconnected spaces that knows no boundaries, time and territorial margins hence, the birth of the World Wide Web. Other technological innovations today are impossible without him, thanks to the internet that webbed virtual spaces where virtual presences altered vehicles to transfer data reducible into bytes. It is because of him where Social Networking Sites (SNS), storage clouds and hi-speed browsers owe their virtual homes. However, like the economic principle of tradeoff, there is something that should be returned as an exchange to this virtual bliss. What the French architect, urbanist and philosopher Paul Virilio has to say in this is that the accelerated speeds of transmission and communication afforded by modern technologies lead to a loss of real human affective relation, the deterioration body to body encounter, an optic future , a future without bodies. This ability to traverse the world in dromological speed via instantaneity and simultaneity tends to negate space or the extension of the world. All moments can be viewed with a single snapshot of simultaneous events without actually seeing them for real thus, we are conditioned and becoming part of what he called vision machine s.
This paper examines Virilio’s theses of dromology (speed), vision machines and optic future in relation to
Internet’s evolutionary formation from being a military gizmo into a helm of precarious world where spaces and presences are weaved leading to people’s participation in this collective virtuality—a way of cinematic living until the end times.
Two Media Paradigms in Framing Religious Conflict
Abdul Wahid
University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
A decade after the reform in Indonesia, the mass media have an open space to cover all kinds of issues without any restraints. Nevertheless, this condition does not guarantee the media free from ideological interests, particularly in covering religious conflict. This study evaluates mass media coverage in Indonesia during the conflict between Ahmadiyah and conservative Islamic groups that occurred in 2011. The purpose of this study is to reveal how media frame covering the conflict between these two groups. Qualitative content analysis is used to dissect this religious conflict coverage in the conservative Islamic magazines
(Sabili) and nationalistic one (Tempo). Sabili and Tempo depth coverage on February 2011 used as sample.
The study using Entman framing tools (define problems, diagnose cause, make moral judgments, treatment recommendation) to help analyze the text. The result of this study revealed that there are differences perspective between the religious and nationalists media in the conflict Ahmadiyah. Nationalist media tends to see the conflict from the perspective of law and violations of human rights. Government is considered as the guilty party, while a minority Ahmadiyah religious conflict victims. Governments are required to strictly enforce the laws and regulations that are considered reviewing the Ahmadiyah cornering. While religious-centrist media sees Ahmadiyah conflict as a religious issue. Ahmadiyah placed as the party that blamed for and labeled stubborn against the rules. Government demanded to dissolve
Ahmadiyah as a form of enforcement of authorized ministries regulations. The selection of news sources and the use of graphics become the two prominent elements to support the idea of the media frame to the religious conflicts coverage. These two views show that the media in Indonesia has not fully detached from ideological interests. The result of this study is one of the evidence that shows how the nationalist media and religious media in Indonesia construct reality differently regarding to religious conflict.

Threats to Lifeblood of Democracy: A Case Study on
Print Media Repression during the Ramos, the Estrada and the Arroyo Administrations
Angelina E. Borican
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
In the passing of different administrations, print journalists in the Philippines have had their own share of experiences of “repression.” The freedom of the press is necessary so that the role of media as gatekeepers of society is observed. The objectives of this research are: (1) to describe media repression from the perspectives of the informants; (2) to depict variations of media repression during the three administrations under study; (3) to narrate how media repression affect informants in doing their job; and
(4) to seek recommendations on addressing media repression in the country. Social Responsibility Theory and Authoritarian System were used as the study’s theoretical framework. The approach used in this research is qualitative with case study as its tradition of inquiry.The participants of this research are from nationally-circulated broadsheets – the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Philippine Star and the Manila
Bulletin. The eight participants who have been practitioners during the three administrations and have experienced a form of repression from any of those three administrations were interviewed using an interview guide.Findings show that media repression hinders freedom of speech, expression and freedom of the press. Media repression varies from the Ramos, the Estrada and the Arroyo administrations by range of media killings, harassment, advertisement boycotts to newspapers and libel suits. Despite the participants’ experience of being repressed by the government, it made them more aggressive, more vigilant and more determined to work.
Factors Affecting Thai Movies Selection of People in Bangkok
Sanpach Jiarananon
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat University, Thailand
The objectives of this research were to study (1) the relationship between people living in Bangkok and Thai movie viewing, (2) their viewing behaviors, (3) movie advertising and public relations, (4) the influence of
Thai movie characteristics on the decision of viewing movies people in Bangkok, and (5) the influence of the environment on their choice of place. The population of the research is 400 males and females living in
Bangkok; the tool of the research is questionnaire; and the analysis of statistical data by computer program reported into frequency, percentage, and mean. The results found that the demographic factors including gender, age, occupation and income showed no differences towards Thai movie viewing. It revealed that most people have watched Thai movies once a month. The most preferred periods of watching movies have been on Saturday and Sunday. Most favorites movie genres has been comedy. Most people have received the communications in terms of advertisement and public relations from television media. The elements affecting the decision of viewing the most starring actors/actresses and directors. Supportive environment influencing movie viewing behavior the most was the convenience of accessing the movie venue.
Poverty on Charity Reality Show in Indonesia
Mediana Handayani

Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), Indonesia
Media has a power to transform social reality into text, and then change the image of reality. Furthermore, the image of reality that has been changed, being constructed again into new social reality in the society.
This understanding, leads the researcher to explore how TV shows that has reality show genre, display poverty and altruism as a profitable entertainment show. What aspects from poverty and altruism that being exploited in the text of that reality show? How and why those aspects being exploited? The researcher also wants to observe how those reality show texts being perceived by audience. The theory perspective that used in this research is the critical theory with cultural study approach and reality construction theory. In line with main problem and paradigm that underlying this research, the methods that being used is the qualitative methods. The result from the research reveals that poverty in charity reality show is being constructed as a condition where there is a lack of financial only. The solution of poverty would be an instant solution, where the poor is being given the “fish” not the “bait”. Altruism, in the charity reality show is being constructed as illogical attitude. The altruism in reality show is making the meaning of sincerity on helping other worse. This research also reveal that poverty and altruism reality that being constructed by charity reality show is conception from reality that constructed from many dominant factor that interact, such as religion, culture and capitalism. Individual audience subjectivity also forms how poverty and altruism being perceived. It turns out that poverty and altruism concept that being offered by charity reality show not completely being perceived the same by all individual audience (opposition). The determining factors that create different meaning of poverty and altruism are the life experience and family education.
Enhanced Emotional Intelligence as an Approach to
Promoting Peaceful Behavior of Children
Estelita S. Gayak
Notre Dame University
This study aimed to determine the effect of enhanced emotional intelligence (EI) in promoting the peaceful behavior of elementary school children. Using the non‐equivalent pretest‐posttest and qualitative designs, one hundred sixty‐five (165) grade six pupils of two Catholic non‐sectarian elementary schools in Cotabato
City were participants. Prior to the exposure of the experimental group to the training on emotional intelligence as an intervention , both groups’ EI level and peaceful behaviors were measured using the
Emotional Quotient Scale for children (Parco, 2002) and the Questionnaire on Peace devised by the researcher, respectively. Findings yielded significant increase in EI scores (at .05 level of significance) and more favorable peaceful behavior (at .01 level of significance) among pupils in the experimental group after the intervention. When the post EI scores of the experimental and comparison groups were compared, significant difference at .05 level of significance was noted while no difference of change on their peaceful behaviors was observed. Moreover, significant relationship existed between experimental group’s EI level and their peaceful behaviors. The researcher concluded the EI can be learned, improved and mastered by pupils. With training on EI, the pupils enriched their emotional skills and nurtured their good qualities necessary for effective personal and interpersonal relationships. More peaceful behaviors prevailed among pupils with high emotional intelligence than those with low emotional intelligence. The researcher recommended the integration of emotional intelligence in the curricular program of elementary schools.
In partnership and collaboration with teachers, guidance counselor, parents, guardians, and other

stakeholders, the school administration should design and implement a program which caters the emotional intelligence and nurtures the peaceful behaviors of the pupils.
A.S.T.I.G.: Innovating Health Education Strategies for Anti-Smoking
Jestoni D. Maniago
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
Adolescents are exposed to different predictors of smoking everywhere. A preventive method in the form of effective health education should be intervening to these populations. However, it has been very challenging in the part of an educator to instill awareness and knowledge of the potential risks of smoking.
This study reports on the process of developing an innovative health education strategy program called
Anti- Smoking Teachings and Intervention Guidance (A.S.T.I.G.) and the effect of A.S.T.I.G. Project among selected seventh graders of two major secondary schools in Iba, Zambales Philippines. Dunn and Dunn
Learning Style Assessment Tool was used in the study to evaluate the learning styles of the student participants. Moreover, Pierre et al. Susceptibility to Smoking Test was also utilized to assess susceptibility potential of the students towards smoking. The study suggests that majority of the student participants are visual, auditory and interpersonal learners. Thus, this becomes the backbone of the health education strategy program on anti-smoking. Furthermore, the study reveals that there is a decrease susceptibility to smoking among student participants after the implementation of A.S.T.I.G.. The effect of the A.S.T.I.G.
Program is highly significant among the student participants in developing their deeper and wider awareness of the side effects of smoking to one’s health.
Degree of Parental Support and Level of Adaptive
Skills of Children with Mental Retardation
Adelaila J. Leaño
Philippine Normal University – Isabela
The study exposed the relationship between degree of parental support to children as assessed by parents and level of their adaptive skills as assessed by teachers in terms of functional skills, home, community, and social living activities; and significance of relationship between degree of parental support and level of adaptive skills of students with mental retardation. The null hypothesis no significant relationship between degree of parental support and level of adaptive skills was tested at .05 level of significance. Population of teachers (ages 20-29) and parents (ages 30 – 39) of students enrolled in selected SPED schools in Isabela was involved. Parents finished only Bachelor’s Degree with monthly income of Php10, 000.00 and below.
Teachers were married and finished bachelor’s degree. Most of them taught for less than five years and earned Php10,000.00. The study is correlational; adapted Jabay’s (2006) instrument; and utilized Weighted
Mean, Standard Deviation and Spearman Rho Correlation Coefficient. Composite average weighted mean of 3.52 on parent’s self-appraisal revealed “great” support. Composite average weighted mean 3.20, proves teachers’ observation of student’s adaptive skills as moderately developed. Home living registered a significant correlation with p-value of 0.016 and r-value of 0.702. Community living registered significant correlation with p-value of 0.005 andr-value of 0.781.

Adolescents Life Satisfaction and Academic
Performance: Moderating Role of Monthly
Family Income, Number of Family Members and Education of Parents
Niclie L. Tiratira
University of Rizal System
The purpose of this study is to determine if college student’s socio-economic status can weaken or strengthen the relationship between their life satisfaction and academic achievement. The model is based on the theory of “integrated life” perspective (Luthans, 2002; Rice, McFarlin, Hunt, & Near, 1985), which proposes that individual performance is affected by satisfaction in all life domains. It is expected that if students have life satisfaction meaning they are able to evaluate the degree to which his or her important needs, goals, and wishes in life have been fulfilled (Huebner, 2001) they will have high academic achievement. Nonetheless, the relationship between the student’s life satisfaction and academic achievement is hypothesized to change depending on the socio-economic status (SES) of the student’s family. The monthly family income, number of family members, and education of parents represents the
SES as the moderator variable of the study. The moderator variable can strengthen or weaken the relationship between the student’s life satisfaction and academic achievement. There were a total of 270 second year college students under the College of Science from the University of Rizal System, Morong,
Rizal campus who were taken as respondents of the study. The Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction
Scale by Huebner (2004) was the instrument used in the study. The reliability coefficient from the actual data yielded a Cronbach alpha of .791. From the regression analysis, the unstandardized beta weights were extracted to compute for the significance of the slopes. The study revealed that SES strengthen the relationship between student’s life satisfaction and academic achievement (β =2.29, p.<.05).
Adolescents, Media and Media Education: A Critical
Perspective in Indian Context
Bindu Sharma and Rupali Chaudhary
Kurukshetra University, India
Media has become integral parts of our lives as we are living in a society where majority of our information and communication needs get fulfilled by variety of media. The dominant effects of media have inspired sociologists, psychologists and communication researchers to explore how media penetrates the lives of people and affects them at cognitive, affective and behavioral level. The beginning of mass communication research in 1920 was largely due to such studies which were funded by Payne Fund organization to assess the effects of movies on children and adolescents. More than three decades of researches on Television have also shown that the excessive media exposure can cultivate violent or aggressive behavior. The massive expansion of the Internet has given birth to a new digital media culture. Younger generation is more speedily embracing new technology as compared to the adult. The children’s growing dependency of media has necessitated the inculcation of critical ability among them to interpret, understand and analyze media messages more carefully and with greater efficiency than ever. There has increased responsibility of the adults-parents, teachers and counselors. The need is felt to introduce the elements of media literacy and media education at early stages of schooling and continue implementing them till higher education in a way that they become essential part of pedagogy and help in building healthy relationship between children and media. The present paper critically analyzes the school curriculum introduced by national and

regional boards in India and finds that there should be a strong drive to incorporate media education at school level in a more formal and systematic manner. Feedback through interviews has also obtained from the heads of the schools about the practices of inculcating media literacy among the students. The researchers have conducted a survey of 140 school students from 5 private schools of a highly urbanized city (Chandigarh). The basic purpose was to analyze the perception of adolescents regarding the role of media in their lives and to understand what kind of techniques are being adopted to educate them about media at school level. The paper concludes that media literacy and media education has to be emerged as a unified national movement and theorists and researchers not only for media but also from allied areas should contribute to expand this movement.
The Lived Experiences of Males Having Sex with
Males (MSM) Towards Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) Intervention Program
Bernadeth L. Gerodias
Southern Philippines Medical Center
The males having sex with males (MSM) (UNAIDS 2010) comprised 79% of the 33 million HIV-AIDS positive people worldwide in 2009 (CDCP 2011). Despite free drugs, care and prevention (UNICEF 2011), most MSM shunned HIV-AIDS testing and continued infecting others with their risky sex acts (WHO 2012). Most of existing studies dealt on sexual practices but failed to cite the reasons behind the behavior (AIDSMEDS
2012). Using transcendental or psychological phenomenology, the study explored that “unconquered” area to gain insights by purposively choosing MSM living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Davao
City. The sensitivity of HIV issues required strict compliance to the ethical and legal requirements to ensure anonymity of participants through informed consent, waivers and undertaking. To answer questions:
“What is it like to be an MSM living with HIV” and “How do MSM living with HIV cope with HIV”, direct faceto-face interviews were conducted among nine (9) conversational partners which revealed six (6) major themes: sex, stigma, sexual abuse, distress (regret), support from loved ones and need for an effective HIV prevention program. To ensure trustworthiness, three-session interviews – which lasted for an average of two (2) to three (3) hours per session - participant and reality check, peer debriefing, clinical review and use of voice (direct quotes and statements) were conducted, along with triangulation or member checking for validation of data. The findings of the study indicated the need to come up with extensive and institutionalized education and awareness program to effect behavioral modifications necessary for curbing HIV incidence in this predominantly Christian country.
Knowledge and Attitude on Contraception by Women of
Reproductive Age
Joshua B. Basibas
Saint Louis University

The increasing population and decreasing contraceptive users, accompanied by prevailing high mortality rate of mother and child, as well as, the economic condition of Filipinos, dictates that there is a critical need to continuously address the need for family planning to increase the low rate of contraceptive use in the country. The health workers therefore have a very critical role to play. The high percentage of unmet needs and the serious ill effects of unplanned families to the mother, child and other members of the family, as well as, to continually assess the effectiveness of the family planning program of the DOH, prompted the conduct of this study. In this triangulation type of study, 400 respondents were selected from two districts of Baguio City namely City Camp and Pacdal. Semi-structured interview was conducted followed by giving of self-made questionnaire. Variables in this study included, women grouped according to marital status and use of contraception. Weighted mean, average, percentages and chi-square test with Yate’s correctional formula were used to make comparison and statistical calculations to arrive at the results of the quantitative part of the study. In the qualitative part of the study, theming were done on the attitude of women on contraception. Women of reproductive age showed moderate knowledge in terms of purposes, benefits, side effects and effectiveness of contraception. Health workers emerged the most common source of information. There is no significant difference on the extent of knowledge on contraception when grouped according to marital status. However there is a significant difference when grouped according to use of contraception. For the attitudes of women, the following themes have emerged for the reasons for use of contraception, this includes maintaining family size within the financial capability and for therapeutic purpose .For the reason for not using contraceptives, the themes are no sexual partner, prohibited by religion, lack of knowledge and fear of side effects, while for the reasons for stopping contraceptives, this includes desire to have a child and cannot tolerate side effects. General criteria for choice of contraception by women are effective, safe, convenience and compatibility with health.
Knowledge, Attitude and Sources of Information on HIV of
College Students in a University in Western Visayas
Zesil Gay E. Gelle
University of San Agustin
The study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude and sources of information on HIV of college students in a university in Western Visayas. A descriptive research design was utilized to survey 600 college students enrolled in summer 2013 in a University in Western Visayas. These students were conveniently selected, equally representing 6 different colleges, such as the College of Pharmacy and Medical
Technology, College of Arts and Sciences, College of Education, College of Engineering and Architecture,
College of Business and Administration and the College of Nursing. After giving their consent to participate in the study, each participant was made to answer a validated researcher-made questionnaire. Results of the study revealed that the level of knowledge of the respondents was good and they have a positive attitude towards HIV. Also, the results revealed that mass media, particularly television is the most common source of information of the respondents. However, results showed that there is significant difference between the students’ knowledge and attitude towards people with HIV when they were grouped according to college enrolled in. Results also showed that the respondents’ course had a significant relationship with their knowledge about HIV. Respondents, who are taking up medical courses, are more knowledgeable about HIV and have better attitude towards people with HIV than respondents who are taking up non-medical courses. These results imply a more intensive and more comprehensive information campaign and education among the youth as the victims of HIV have become younger in the recent years, especially among those groups who are at increased risk of acquiring the virus.

Seeing Through the Lense: Home for the Aged Facility in
Northern Mindanao
Weena B. Damulo
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
The Philippine Republic Act 7876 stipulates the establishment of senior citizens center in all cities and municipalities all over the country and appropriating funds thereof. Yet what is seen and felt describes less- a social liability inevitable to ignore. Evidence of people living longer is trending throughout the globe, a phenomenon that the present generation can no longer resist. It is happening and with man’s unending quest for quality of life continues even until old age. This study focused on finding the real needs of senior citizens living in home for the aged in Cagayan de Oro City. Specifically this describes the current status of the facility in terms of service quality and capability and determine the socio-demographic and economic characteristics of senior citizens as residents of the home for aged facility is the underlying purpose of conducting this research. This is a descriptive-evaluative survey and investigation of the current status of home for the aged based on the five (5) standards of social welfare development. The sample of elderly is selected through purposive sampling technique were data is collected using specially designed interview and observation technique through house-to-house survey. Statistical analysis shows evidences that home for the aged in Cagayan de Oro City needs serious support in terms of physical structure and safety and a common concern for financial assistance for sustainability.
Fall Risk and Physical Fitness in Healthy Older Population
Dhanesh Kumar
Nitte University, India
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the falling risk and physical fitness in healthy elderly and determining the top parameters affecting the fall risk. The study was cross sectional design which includes 60 elderly subjects whose mean age was 73.17±5.81 years. All the elderly subjects were selected on the basis of their cognitive function (MMSE.24) and fulfilled the physical fitness criteria as determined by SFT. All healthy subjects then underwent fall risk and balance assessment to evaluate the correlation between fitness, balance and fall risk. A strong positive correlation of BBT and SLST with chair stand, arm curl and 2 min step test was found, but the correlation of BBT and SLST with” 8 foot up-and go test “were negative. However, no significant correlations of BBT and SLST with chair sit and reach test, back scratch test (p.0.001) was found. The results of regression analysis showed that chair test was the top most parameter of SFT which affects fall risk and balance. Falling risk increases with declining of upper and lower extremity muscle strength, aerobic endurance, agility and dynamic balance performance. Lower extremity strength was most relevant with fall risk and balance. it was concluded that the older persons falling risk, balance and physical fitness level should be evaluated in some intervals .according to their falling risk, balance and physical fitness level, the rehabilitation programmes should be planned.
Women Empowerment thru Comprehensive Advocacy on
Renewable Energies for Aurora
Enrique G. Baking

Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
This proposed program is an i ntegration of multi-disciplinary sciences and technical activity assessments regarding research, extension and training (RET) w h er e the viability and sustainability of different designs of Multifarious Utilization of Climatological, Human and Environmental Platforms (MUCHEP) will be developed and tested in the Province of Aurora. MUCHEP is viewed both as a technological design and a planning tool aimed at maximizing the utilization of available and readily accessible energy sources. As a technological design, it involves the multi-use of Hydrological and Climatological spaces for energy extraction (wind, solar and water drop offs) for power production. It allows identification, valuation and assessment of the potential range of impact of investment for a number of feasible MUCHEP designs, and its consequent verifiable impacts to end-users.
On the other hand, as a planning tool, MUCHEP provides decision-makers with a valuable decision instruments in planning, execution and assessment of t h e o v e r a l l i m p a c t o f v a r i e d MUCHEP projects t o t h e t o t a l socio-economic wellbeing of direct beneficiaries. As it covers deviant specifications of MUCHEP design, in-depth analysis of the discount rate and the stream of net benefits once the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)are to be followed or sensitivity analysis of selected criteria in a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)framework must be taken into serious consideration. Finally, MUCHEP serves as a crucial tool in facilitating the implementation of the
Renewable Energy Strategy Framework Directive(RESFD) adopted in June 2013)aims to achieve good environmental status of the province of Aurora by year 2018and to protect the fragile resource base where economic, social and environmental-related activities mainly hinge on. Under the RESFD, each member state is required to draw up a cost effective program duly subjected to detailed cost-benefit analysis.
Women Voices in Philippine Primetime Soaps
Ramir Philip Jones V. Sonsona, Ian R. Saa and Kathleen Wendee O. Sabud
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
Portrayal of women in media is an interesting content of study among media scholars, feminists, and even communication major students including post graduate researchers. For this, the researchers wanted to find out if the oppression or gender inequality of women is still prevalent in the society nowadays.
Correspondingly, in the Philippine setting, television is one of the forms of media in which women are greatly seen. In line with this, women are also seen on products or service advertisements, in entertainment, in news, and in primetime soaps. It could be inferred that the possibility of gender bias among sexes especially on women representations, portrayals, and manifestations if women are always shown as someone other than a role model of Filipina womanhood. This study aimed to determine the women voices in the Philippine primetime soaps including women’s role, characteristics, and values presented in the different programs. The researchers used content analysis in order to analyze how women are portrayed or manifested in primetime soaps, specifically, on the reflected images of women. In collecting the data needed, the researchers first watched primetime soaps for two consecutive weeks for coding utterances and descriptions of women from the primetime soaps broadcast by Alto Broadcasting-Chronicle Broadcasting Network (ABS-CBN) and Global
Media Arts (GMA). The analysis focused on content (utterances) and women voices on the women characters in the soaps. These utterances were recorded in
, as these would be the women voices, noted, and translated into English for purpose of inquiry. The interpretation was patterned from the framework of Doyle and Paludi (1991) and the study from the University of the

Philippines, Diliman (2012). In addition, the conversations were recorded manually with the use of recorder, transcribed, categorized into different contents and interpreted. As observed from the findings yielded after monitoring women’s voices in the primetime soaps, it was revealed that women generally grasped a big share in the primetime soaps as projected, portrayed, and manifested on the screen. Furthermore, it was gleaned that women reflected the image of powerdriven as reflected on their mind/thought and portrayed as multi-caliber women through their utterances. They were shown to have initiative and were power-driven for setting goals and for transforming these goals into reality. Likewise, women were full of compassion, love, righteousness, and a sense of justice. However, this affirmative character was balanced with disapproving views. Women were also manifested as faithful particularly to the people whom they love specifically, as that of a mother’s role, she sacrificed her happiness for her children and family; thus, she could be called as “cure for all ills” that might plague the family. These portrayals of women on television primetime soaps give another side of the patriarchal mind set of Filipino culture.
Muslim Women’s Memoirs: Disclosing Violence or
Reproducing Islamophobia
Esmaeil Zeiny Jelodar
National University of Malaysia
In the aftermath of 9/11, the literary market in the West saw a proliferation in writings by and about Muslim women. Many of these works are memoirs which focus on Islam, a patriarchal society, and the state’s oppression on women. These Muslim women memoirists take the western readers into a journey of unseen and unheard events of their private lives which is apparently of great interest for the westerners. These memoirs, which reveal the atrocities and hardships of living in a Muslim society under oppressive Islamic regimes, are fraught with stereotypes and generalizations. Utilizing Gillian Whitlock’s theory of ‘soft weapons’ and studying the concept of Islam in Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood (2003), we argue that these Muslim life narratives are manipulated to meet political demands of the West through creating Islamophobia.
Retired Professional Women Educators in Government
Service and the Socio-Cultural Development of the
Province of Zambales: A Case Study
Esmen M. Cabal
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
Women are partners of men in nation building. This is clearly stated in RepublicAct7192 otherwise known as “Women in Development and Nation Building Act”. The Act affirms the state’s recognition on the role of women in nation building. The study was designed to find out the contributions of retired professional women educators to the socio-cultural development of Zambales. One hundred retired women educators were interviewed regarding their participation in the socio- cultural development of Zambales. Findings of the study revealed that respondents were involved themselves in organizing literacy projects, act as consultants in the different village organizations, consultants of the mayors and other elected officials in

their programs and projects, act as resource speakers in seminars related to education, wrote poems and short stories about Zambales, initiated cultural presentation that showcases Zambaleño dances, arts, music and literature during town festivals. They also continue to model to the Bayanihan (Cooperation) Spirit in times of need and in other activities. Greater contribution of women educators is needed in initiating literacy programs. The contributions of retired professional women educators had improved the sociocultural conditions of Zambales including youth development for their increase self-realizations and selfvaluing and increased women’s participation in socio-cultural development.
Theory on Meaningful Retirement through Volunteerism:
An Application among the Elderly
Carol A. Kangleon
Velez College
Retirement is a phase in an individual’s life wherein there is withdrawal from employment and for most of the elderly, regular remuneration ceases. In spite of this, there is a growing number of retirees who continues to render work through volunteering even after retirement. This correlational study enlisted a multi-stage and purposive sample of 102 volunteer retirees in Cebu City. A 5-part instrument package was utilized to (1) describe the respondents’ demographic characteristics and (2) the nature of their volunteer work. Their reported (3) psychological well-being, (4) life satisfaction and (5) physical health were also determined using the Ryff Scales for Psychological Well-Being, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the SF-
12 Health Survey, respectively. Results revealed that the most common reason why elderly retirees engage in volunteer work is to help others (n=48) followed by to serve God (n=26). A multivariate analysis of variance further indicated that those who volunteer to ‘use time’ had significantly higher levels of life satisfaction and psychological well-being while those who volunteer to ‘improve self’ had significantly higher perceived physical health. The study findings have implications for government and nongovernment sectors as well as indications for further research.
Mathematical Modeling of Paths of Selected Typhoons from 1999 to 2008
Jacky Boy E. Atienza
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
An average of 6 to 7 super typhoons every year enters the Philippine area of responsibility (PAR) and affects the Philippines. Typhoons were classified according to max imum sustained wind s peed .
Each typhoon forms a path depending on its movement in any location. In this study, typhoons with a maximum sustained wind of 175kph were considered since an average of 175kph to 200kph

was the developmental stage of a disastrous super typhoon. We selected these typhoons from the years 1998 up to 2008. Our goals are: (1) formulate an approximate function that represents the typhoon path using Curve Fitting by the Least Squares Method; (2) test the goodness of fit of the approximate function using Chi square test; and (3) forecast a path for a next possible super typhoon using Average Forecasting Procedure based on the considered typhoons. The results: (1) we were able to formulate “good fit” approximate functions to 27 out of 29 selected typhoons; (2) forecasted path of a possible super typhoon was observed to come from the east coast similar to most typhoons that entered the Philippine area of responsibility (PAR).These results can be used for further studies about typhoons especially the damages it brought to very common locations.
Straight Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Stretching in
Three Dimensional Spherical Coordinates:
A Hida-Street Integral Formulation Approach
Gibson T. Maglasang and Karl Patrick S. Casas
Cebu Normal University
In this study, the partition function of the DNA in three-dimensional spherical coordinates is determined.
In this system, the DNA is stretched by constant force wherein Wormlike Chain (WLC) model is used as the theoretical model. In the evaluation of the partition function, the Hida-Streit integral formulation (White noise functional) is used as the mathematical tool because of its prowess in solving many quantum mechanical problems as well as in statistical mechanics which includes the system focused in this study.
Then, the force-extension relation under low and large force regime is then extracted from the partition function. Results showed that the relative extension of the DNA under low forces exhibit a different behavior when one is considering a short and long DNA. Meanwhile, for large forces regime, the forceextension relation of the DNA polymer reveals the same comportment both for short and long DNA molecule.
Developing a Survival Model for the Risk of Coronary
Heart Disease in Type II Diabetes Using Cox
Regression Analysis
Jackie D. Urrutia, Lincoln A. Bautista, Edcon B. Baccay and Willy S. Gayo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
This paper provides a survival model for estimating the risk of Coronary Heart Disease on Type II diabetic patients. All variables included in the final model were statistically significant (P < 0.01) using log–rank test statistic. The risk is given by the equation 𝑅(𝑡, 𝐶𝐻𝐷) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝐻(𝑡)
where 𝑒 −𝐻(𝑡)
is the survival function

and 𝐻(𝑡) is the cumulative hazard function generated by Cox regression model. The following models was develop for estimating the probability risk of Coronary Heart Disease.
𝑹(𝒕, 𝑪𝑯𝑫) = 𝟏 − 𝒆 −(0.0001𝒆
𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟔𝟏𝒕+𝟏.𝟏𝟐𝟖𝒙𝟏+𝟎.𝟔𝟐𝟔𝒙𝟐 )
Where: 𝑥
1
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑥
2
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
𝑹(𝒕, 𝑪𝑯𝑫) = 𝟏 − 𝒆 −(0.0003𝒆
𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟗𝟐𝒕+ 𝟏.𝟏𝟗𝟑𝒙𝟑+𝟎.𝟑𝟏𝟖𝒙𝟒
)
Where: 𝑥
3
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑥
4
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
𝑹(𝒕, 𝑪𝑯𝑫) = 𝟏 − 𝒆 −(0.0003𝒆
𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟗𝟏𝒕+ 𝟏.𝟎𝟐𝒙𝟓+.𝟐𝟖𝟓𝒙𝟔
)
Where : 𝑥
5
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑂𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑂𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑥
6
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
𝑹(𝒕, 𝑪𝑯𝑫) = 𝟏 − 𝒆 −(0.0003𝒆
𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟔𝒕+ 𝟏.𝟕𝟒𝟖𝒙𝟕+𝟎.𝟑𝟏𝟏𝒙𝟖
)
Where : 𝑥
7
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑂𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑂𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑥
8
= {
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒
Mathematical Properties in Solutions of SuDoku Puzzles
Vincent Theodore M. Balo
Cebu Normal University
SuDoKu has been considered as one of the best mathematical puzzles of all times and finding its solutions is a challenging process. There are different methods and ways on how to come up with the SuDoKu solution. One of these methods, which is highlighted in Denis Berthier’s study, is a method using logic. In this particular thesis, Deletion is integrated in the method of solving SuDoKu using logic. Moreover, it established mathematical properties of SuDoKu solutions. Specifically, there are five (5) Mathematical properties identified and are stated as Propositions 1 to 5. These propositions discuss the nature on how the entries in the completed SuDoKu grid are distributed, and give additional information on how SuDoKu solutions can be derived.
Students’ Understanding of the Algebraic Concepts of
Equivalence and Variables
Vanessa C. Zubieta
Southern Luzon State University

The study in general attempted to assess the students’ understanding of the algebraic concepts about equivalence and variable . To achieve the purpose of the study, the descriptive survey method was used.
The study concluded that: students lack relational understanding of the equal sign symbol; students have multiple values conception of variable; students tend to use their prior knowledge of arithmetic where the students use solve and compare strategy in giving the values for the unknown in equivalence relation.; students have variable explanation in determining whether the value of the algebraic phrase is larger than the other; there is no relationship between the student’s understanding of the concept of equal sign symbol and their performance on the problem that requires the use of this concept; there is a relationship between the students’ understanding of the concept of variable and their performance on the problem that requires the use of this concept.
The Number of 3-By-3 Matrices Over Zp with Eigenvalues in the Same Field
John Patrick B. Sta. Maria
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Let A be an n-by-n matrix over Z p
, where p is prime. We say that A has eigenvalues in Z p if the characteristic polynomial of A splits over Z p
. In this paper, we show that there are p
9
(1
�
o(1=p
2
)) 3-by-3 matrices over Z p whose eigenvalues are in Z p
, for an odd prime p. Moreover, if we let r p be the ratio of the number of such matrices to the total number of 3-by-3 matrices over Z p
, we show that r p
! 1 as p ! 1.
The Polynomial Approximation of the Life Expectancy of
Filipino Men and Women Using Cubic Spline
Paul Vincent Botin and Jade Lopez
Cavite State University
The study was conducted to: 1. determine the model of the life expectancy of Filipino men and women; 2. interpolate the values within the interval of each piecewise cubic polynomial function of the life expectancy of Filipino men and women; and 3. extrapolate the values of the life expectancy of Filipino men and women from 2013 to 2015. The data used in this study was a secondary data taken from the National Statistics
Office (NSO) and Philippine National Statistic Coordination Board (NSCB), which were accessible in the
Internet. Models were formulated using the cubic spline interpolation. The values of life expectancy of
Filipino women from the month of January 2012 to December 2012 were 70.48, 69.45, 68.32, 67.09, 65.78,
67.83, 62.96, 61.47, 59.93, 59.93, 56.77 and 55.18, respectively. The values of life expectancy of Filipino men from the month of January 2012 to December 2012 were 63.98, 63.12, 62.13, 61.03, 59.83, 61.11,

57.16, 55.72, 54.24, 54.24, 51.16 and 49.60, respectively. The values of the average life expectancy of
Filipino from the month of January 2012 to December 2012 were 68.76, 69.39, 69.90, 70.31, 70.62, 67.53,
71.01, 71.11, 71.16, 71.16, 71.16 and 71.14, respectively. The predicted life expectancy of Filipino women for the year 2013, 2014 and 2015 were 72.8, 73 and 73.2, respectively. The predicted average life expectancy of Filipino men for the year 2013, 2014 and 2015 were 66.1, 66.4 and 66.6, respectively. The predicted average life expectancy of Filipinos for the year 2013, 2014 and 2015 were 69.4, 69.6 and 69.9, respectively. The computed errors for the life expectancy of female, male and average were 2.7371, 3.4047 and 3.1501, respectively.
Managing the Vulnerable Fisheries through Introducing
Eco-system Based Management (EBFM) for
Central Java Province-Indonesia
Lambok Tampubolon
Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Central Java shared a significant role in man-powering fisheries sector in Indonesia.The fisheries resource is almost and/ or had have been over-exploited. A lots of efforts have been putting on to manage the fisheries resource. Several conventional fisheries management had have been employed but might not performed effectively some how. It is adversely by the climate change, in facts many parties have not prepared yet to react for the adaptation with such uncertain situation. This study is aimed to explore the possible alternative of facing out of the fisheries management. Then, ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) is introduced in Central Java province as the pilot project. Primary data are collected from the relevant parties or stakeholders. Discussion and FGD with key-persons and other competence persons were carried out. The study employs economic valuation method and mixed method to outline the strategy of the suitable fisheries management. The landing places in the northern west coast of Central
Java are selected as the study area. The research indicated that several evidence in climate change in some extents of small scale fisheries sector in Central Java. The impact on vulnerable fisheries in the selected pilot projects are significant. Of course, in the short term the EBFM has not yet proven precisely as the suitable approach of fisheries management in Central Java. However, this form of management is indeed need to be encouraged for further research and trials as the promising new paradigm of fisheries management for Indonesia.
Integrating the Roles of the Academe, Policy Makers and
Local Residents in the Restoration, Rehabilitation and Reduction of Mining Activities of Iponan River,
Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines
Wilfredo B. Lomibao
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
Mining in the Philippines has gained economic value however, in accordance with international best practice, it is simply not being observed in the country. Likewise, the environmental degradation has also increased despite of the legal framework and guidelines of recently Executive Order (EO) 79 otherwise known as
Responsible Mining in the Utilization of Mineral Resources . This study aims to analyze the roles of academe, policy‐makers and local residents in the restoration, rehabilitation and reduction of mining activities of

Iponan River. Structured survey questionnaires were used in gathering primary data and in‐depth interview using open‐ended questions. Secondary data were also used to provide the comprehensive analysis of the study. Findings revealed that the academe, policy‐makers and local residents have shared common views in some aspects of mining and then different and unique perspectives and perceptions on the other aspects of environmental programs. Most of them are aware of the environmental programs. Dynamics of policy implementation specific to problems, issues, concerns, influence, power, resources of different stakeholders were drawn from the stakeholders’ common perspective on mining. There were various unique roles played among the academe, policy‐makers and local residents. The academe plays a major role in environmental education by initiating programs and activities at the school level. Generally, policy‐makers are the main actors in the implementation and enforcement of environmental policies as they are involved in the development and rehabilitation of entire watershed areas among others as overseeing of operations, policy decision‐making and resource accessing or networking. The local residents play a pivotal role in reducing activities along the vicinity of Iponan River. Their activities were also the most potential resources among the interventions which can address and reverse these threats. The convergence point in the implementation of any policies and laws is on the Barangay level.
Oil Seeps Affinity and Basin Modeling Used for Hydrocardon
Discoveries in the Kifle, Merjan and Ekheither Fields,
West Iraq
AmerJassim Al-Khafaji
University of Babylon, Iraq
Calculated C28/C29 strane ratio, δC13‰ isotopes and plots of tricyclic terpane (C22/C21, C24/C23 and
C26/C25 and hopane (C35S/C34S, C29/C30 and C31R/C30) of Najaf and Karbala Governorates oil seeps are used to assess the Jurassic Butmah, Sargelu and Lower unit of Najmah Formations in Kifle, West Kifle,
Merjan and Ekhaither fields western part of the Euphrates rivers. Plots of Roch-Eval pyrolysis analysis data of 334 source rock samples on van Krevlen, production index and petroleum potential diagrams as well 1D
PetroMod software basin modeling of timing and extent of the hydrocarbon generation have confirmed the petroleum generation timing and their transformation ratios from these source rocks. The generated oil have possessed lateral migration along the upper unit of the Najmah Formation to the site of the Abo
Jir major fault where it is changed to vertical migration along the fault that intersect with the ground surface. During the vertical migration path, impregnations of all the successive layers with heavy oil and asphalt have occurred. Main oil reservoirs of Cretaceous NahrUmr and Harth Formations and the Tertiary
Dammam-Euphrates Formation were charged from this vertical migration path. The accumulated oils are of 15-38 API with 1.45-5.9 sulfur content in the Hartha Formation reservoir and 20-35 API with 0.9-3.7 sulfur content in the NahrUmrFormation reservoir.
Carbon Footprint of Norsu Main Campus
Agueda T. Castillo
Negros Oriental State University

The Earth is warming! Climate is changing! Precipitations pattern is shifting and extreme climate events – like heavy rainstorms are affecting societies and ecosystem. Scientists, climatologists, and environmentalists believed that these catastrophic consequences of global climate change are linked to the increase of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide in the atmosphere caused by natural and human activities. In order to ward off great disaster some organizations, institutions and everyone must do the share to reduce greenhouse gases emissions specifically CO
2
. Carbon footprint study aims to measure CO
2
emissions of the University including its faculty/staff and students. One of the important outputs of the study would be on its contribution to the fund of knowledge in knowing the annual total CO
2 emissions for the school and the average annual CO
2
emission per student and faculty/staff. Using CO
2 emission factors based on UNDP data 2002 and WWF-Philippines we calculated the CO
2
emissions of the
University for the Past 5-years (2008-12) . The results showed an average of 391506.64 kg of CO
2 e (391.506
Mtons CO
2 e) per year for the past 5 years. Almost 81% of this came from the use of purchased electricity while faculty/Staff and students contributed a close of 5.46% and 5.78% respectively. The low contributor of carbon dioxide came from the generation of solid waste of almost 4%, from fuel consumption of the university vehicles of 2% and the last is by using LPG in cooking from food court and canteen with 1.94%.
In conclusion the University has 0.8356 Mtons CO
2 e Per Capita per year for the past 5 years which is considered as low as based on UNDP based data 2002. Compared to other educational institutions who calculated their Carbon Footprint, NORSU Main Campus 1 has lower emissions of Carbon Dioxide.
Reducing Gas Emission from Minimizing the Use of Liquified
Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Vehicle Fuel at the Household
Level: A Distinct Role of Academe
Lloyd Allan L. Cabunoc
Mindanao State University of Science and Technology
One of the major factors in the global climate change is the continuous increase of carbon dioxide (CO
2
) concentration emitted daily. This can be initially mitigated at the household level by providing them some information, education, and communication in the reduction of carbon dioxide emission. This study focuses on the estimation of the fuel consumption of vehicles through its usage in terms of liters per day and the utilization of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in a year of the households in the context on how carbon dioxide emitted through their level. To calculate the carbon dioxide emission, this research utilizes the WWf Carbon footprint calculator using the Philippine Version. In gathering the data, surveyquestionnaire method was used. The respondents in this study were the 250 households which were taken from the different barangays in Cagayan de Oro City. In order to determine if there is a significant relationship between the carbon dioxide emission and the consumption of fuels of vehicles and the utilization of the Liquefied Petroleum (LPG); Pearsons Moment Correlation (r) was utilized. The result shows that the household with vehicle whose fuel consumption is greater would yield a greater amount of carbon dioxide emitted. It also shows that the number of Liquefied Pertoleum Gas (LPG) tanks used by households in a year would also relate to the amount of carbon dioxide emission. While this study seeks to determine the relationship between the carbon dioxide emission of households and the vehicle fuel consumption and the utilization of LPG. It reveals that the two variables carbon dioxide; fuel consumption of vehicles and the utilization of LPG can be related to the emission of carbon dioxide.
Study and Flow of Sediment Transport in Mandulog River,

Iligan City
Christine Marie T. Ceblano
Philippine Science High School Central Visayas
This study investigates the flow and sediment transport in Mandulog River, Iligan City from November 15,
17 and 19, 2008. The river is investigated since it visibly contains sediments due to brownish color of the water. The river is divided into 3 regions. Data such as velocity and direction of the river are gathered by floating ping-pong ball 10 meters away on each region from the bridge while the time travelled is recorded.
Average time is used to calculate the average velocity. Consequently, videos were taken for the direction of flow. Water samples of about 1 liter on each region of the river are taken to MSU-Naawan Institute of
Fisheries and Research Development to get the total solids. The average amount of total solids in all the water samples (0.480 ppm or mg/l) indicates that it is below the normal value of amount of sediments
(about 600 ppm or mg/l). Sediment rate of the river is 58.6 g/s and total amount of sediments that flows for five days is 25.3 x 103 kg. Within 1 year the calculated sediment rate of Mandulog River is 1.85 x 103 tons / year. Furthermore, using the fitted graph of average amount of sediments in every data gathered vs. time, the total sediments that flow in the river during the sampling period is about 66.2 x 103 g or 66.2 kg.
Results show that the sediment transport in Mandulog River is not yet alarming but proper monitoring is still needed to prevent detrimental effects of the quantity and quality of sediments in the river system.
Effluent Discharge of Slaughtered Domestic Livestock in
Deposition Sites of the River Watershed in
Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines
Oliva P. Canencia
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
This study generally aims to analyze the effluent discharge of slaughtered livestock in Cugman, Cagayan de
Oro. Specifically, these answer questions: (1) What are the composition of waste and waste generated daily in the slaughterhouse of Cugman?; (2) What are the concentrations of the physico-chemical parameters on Nitrate, COD, BOD; (3) What is the concentration of the total coliform in the wastewater?; (4) What is the concentration of heavy metals present in deposition sites?; (5) Is there a significant relationship of waste generated to the presence of physico-chemical concentrations, microbial parasites and traces of heavy metals and microbes present in the deposited area? The effluent samples were taken during dry and wet seasons in the three selected deposition sites in drainage, lagoon and Cugman watershed. General findings revealed that majority in dry season, nitrate has a higher concentration (35.8 mg/L) than on wet season in drainage system of the slaughterhouse. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) obtained higher concentration (2654 mg/L) in the drainage which did not pass the standard limit of DENR. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) on the dry season has a higher concentration of 1080 mg/L and also did not pass the standard limit. Wet season, BOD and COD has the same concentration of 24 mg/L on lagoon and river but differ on dry season. Total coliform has a higher concentration of 92×10 5 MPN/100mL in lagoon site on dry season whereas on wet season lagoon and river has the same concentration at 49×10 3 MPN/100mL.
Total Coliform in three sampling sites of dry and wet season did not pass the standard limit of DENR. Lead was determined in all sampling sites on wet season. Comparing the three sampling sites, drainage obtained the highest concentrations of microbes, lead and physico-chemical parameters because all the effluent discharge coming from the slaughtered animals are all mixed up either liquid or solid waste.

Removal of Mercury (II) Ions from Aqueos Solution using a Fixed Bed Activated Carbon Microcolumn and Quantitation by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Sevetrim B. Torrejos
Davao del Norte College
In recent years, the influx of heavy metals in the environment has received considerable attention worldwide because of their toxicity and widespread use and among these metals is mercury. The direct determination of extremely low concentrations of the required elements by modern atomic spectroscopic method, is often difficult. Thus, separation and preconcentration techniques are very important owing to the limited sensitivity of some modern instrumental methods for trace analysis and availability of these sensitive instruments to most laboratories. This study was conducted to investigate a way to remove/ preconcentrate trace amounts of mercury ions or Hg(II), from aqueous solution and analyze it as a converted mercury-diphenylcarbazone (Hg-DPC) complex using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Towards that end, this study has shown the possibility of using a solid phase extraction (SPE) microcolumn composed of
1000 mg of activated carbon to remove/ preconcentrate Hg(II) from aqueous solution. Results revealed that an average of 95-97% adsorption of Hg(II) was obtained using 1000 ⩲ 200 mg of activated carbon. The optimized pH of solution obtained in this study was at pH 6.35 ±0.03, while the eluent volume used was 2.0 mL of concentrated nitric acid. The study has also shown that the complex was quite stable in a short span of time only, thus, the absorbance had to be read between 15 to 20 minutes after complexation.
Characterization and Microbiological Assay of the Leaf
Extract of Tabebuia Avellaneda (Taheebo)
Ofelia B. Villamor
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
People living in developing and industrialized countries have begun taking a second look at herbal medicines due to the rising cost of medicine. Taheeboo, an herbal plant was utilized in this study. The air dried leaves were percolated in ethyl acetate, purified by wet column chromatography and characterized using UV-Vis`spectra with a \ max at 413nm and GC-mass spectra identified 27 compounds.
The extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with AIs of 1.1, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively. The megestrol acetate identified in the leaves can be used for cancer treatment.
Designed Adaptation Hypothesis: A Novel Model on the
Origin of Species
Edward Laurence L. Opena
Cebu Normal University
This pilot study tries to formulate a novel concept on the origin of species, as first proposed by Charles
Darwin, in line with biblical perspectives. The hypothesis, known as Designed Adaptation, dwells on the idea that the grand creator, known as God, created the different life forms on the planet, which in turn, those species has been programmed to adapt to distinguished environment. After men fall to sin, biblical

passages suggest that the once perfect world saw some changes. To maintain the ecological equilibrium, species must adapt to the changing environment, hence lead to the added or subtracted morphological and physiological characteristics (which is highly evident to these days) of the originally created organisms over time, merely for survival. Hence, new “forms” (or species) of organisms might have emerged.
Variations in the Species Composition, Diversity and
Species Richness of Holothurians in Northern Cagayan
Helen Grace P. Bangi
Cagayan State University
A modified belt transect method was done along the different habitats (e.g., seagrass beds, mangroves and coral reefs areas) in five sites in Sta Ana and two in Gonzaga, Cagayan from January to December 2012 to determine and identify the species of sea cucumbers, its diversity and richness. A established protocols on morphological and spicule examinations, including DNA barcoding, were used to identify the different sea cucumber species. There were twenty (27) species of sea cucumbers identified and collected in Sta. Ana,
Cagayan classified into four (4) families, Holothuriidae, Stichopodidae, Cucumariidae and Synaptidae. In
Gonzaga, there were only ten (10) species of sea cucumbers identified and collected classified into two (2) families, Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae. Spatial and temporal variations in species diversity and species richness were found in the different sites in the two coastal municipalities. Higher species diversity and richness was observed in Sta Ana sites compared to Gonzaga sites. Higher species diversity and richness was also observed in the protected area compared to the open access area, both in Sta Ana and Gonzaga.
With respect to habitat, higher diversity and number of species were observed in the seagrass area in Sta
Ana compared to other habitats. However, in Gonzaga, higher diversity and number of species were observed in the coralline habitat compared to the sea grass area. The observed variations is discussed with respect to the relative diversity of habitats among the sites, the presence of protection (e.g., islands) of these areas from the impact of the frequent bad weather in the area, the level of exploitation on the species and the management support from the local people’s organization and the LGU.
Mitotic Inhibition of Sea Urchin Fertilizer Eggs Using
Sulfated Polysaccharide from
Jaegar
(Class Holothuroidea)
Mark Louie D. Lopez, Joseph P. Sonio and Armin S. Coronado
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sulfated polysaccharide (SP) is a bioactive compound naturally present in connective tissues of sea cucumber body walls, which is known to have anti-proliferative and anti-cancer activities. It provided great interest in medical and health research worldwide. At present, no report has been documented in
Philippine sea cucumber. Thus, this study elucidated the potential of SP extracted from Holothuria scabra as mitotic inhibitor. Two (2) extract fractions (F1 and F2) were obtained through aqueous extraction of fresh and dried body walls of H. scabra , which converted into its powdered form through lyophilization.

The lyophilized extract is water soluble and its pH (7.6 – 8.0) suggested the presence of low molecular weight compound. Based on qualitative tests, the extract was confirmed to contain sulfate with reducing sugar and referred to as SP. Glycosides were the only secondary metabolite present in the extract. Relative development inhibition (RDI) index was used to express the degree of inhibition in fertilized sea urchin egg development. The second fraction of the fresh sample exhibited the highest RDI (95.93%), which significantly differ (α0.05>0.016) from the positive control colchicine (87.43%). Furthermore, the calculated median inhibition concentration (IC50) for all the SP fractions was <15μg/mL, suggesting that inhibition of the fertilized egg was due to suppression of their cellular division and not through cytotoxic activity. This study proved that the extracted SP from H. scabra has anti-proliferative activity in the fertilized sea urchin eggs. SP enabled to suppress the cellular division of the developing eggs. This activity makes the extracted
SP as a good candidate compound for possible chemo-preventive therapy.
Inventory of Fungi Species in the University of Rizal System,
Tanay Campus
Cyrene T. Navalta, Edwin S. Navalta, Rosalinda G. Brasos and Allen U. Bautista
University of Rizal System
Fungi are among the groups of organisms which are rarely studied. The University of Rizal System Tanay
Campus was able conduct an inventory of fungi species with the aim to determine species richness and economic significance of fungi. The study also aimed to produce instructional materials to be used as reference for teachers; students and members of the University of Rizal System and nearby communities.
Descriptive method was utilized applying the traditional convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed and interpreted using the frequency and percentage distribution. The findings revealed that there were 32 families; 55 genera; and, 75 species of fungi were found in the area from June to August 2012.
There are two species found to have medicinal value, these are Auriculariapolytricha (Mont.) Sacc. and Tremellafuciformis Berk. The former is also edible together with Collybiareinakeina,
Oudemansiellacanarii, Phallus indusiatus, Schizophyllum commune, Termitomycesalbuminosus (eurhizus)
(Berk.) Heim, and T. globosum . There are also poisonous species like Amanita vaginata var. fulva, Amanita spp. and Lepiota sp. Family Polyporaceae appeared to have the greatest number of species while
Polystictus sp. is the most abundant species in the area. Based from the findings, the researchers concluded that there are edible, medicinal and poisonous species of fungi in the University of Rizal System Tanay
Campus, aside from a number of species that serve as decomposers. The proponents hereby recommend to continue the collection of fungisamplesso as to identify species diversity in the area; to determine more fungi species with economic benefits; and to utilize whatever capability the university can offer to maximize the use of untapped resources, like fungi.
Evangelization through Education:
The Practice of Filipino Dominican Education in

Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Marie Christine R. Rio
Colegio de San Juan Letran
This paper aimed to show how Filipino Dominican Education is observed and carried out by the different stakeholders of Letran-Manila and to likewise compare how said members are similar or different in their respective practices. Likewise, it intended to determine the impact of Filipino Dominican Education in the formation of oneself in relation to God, self and others. The research employed the descriptivecomparative research design in determining how Filipino Dominican Education is practiced by the different members of Letran-Manila and if the stakeholders differed in the way they practiced it. A researcher-made survey instrument was administered to a total of 522 respondents coming from the different groups of stakeholders of the Colegio. The instrument consists of 82 items for Employee respondents and 77 items for Student respondents, divide into three parts (School / Community, School Administration, I). Mean was used to determine the overall perceptions of the respondents regarding how Filipino Dominican Education is practiced in Letran-Manila by the Administrators, Faculty, Non-Teaching Personnel and Students and to likewise ascertain the impact of Filipino Dominican Education in the formation of oneself in relation to God, self and others. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to find out if there are significant differences on how Filipino Dominican Education is practiced by the different stakeholders of Letran-Manila. Results show that from the respondents’ point of view, the Letran-Manila community and administration were able to carry out and implement the Filipino Dominican Education practices. Moreover, through their exposure to the Filipino Dominican Education, the members of the Colegio were able to continually practice and likewise improve on the activities that develop their relationship to God, their selves and to others.
Furthermore, the members of the Colegio vary in their observation of the practices of the school / community and administration in a few items of practice, while others items were perceived by the respondents in a similar way. Likewise, majority of the Filipino Dominican Education practices were manifested by the members of the Colegio in the same way except for the item of praying of the rosary, which was more evident in the Employees compared to the Students.
Solidarity through Dialogue: Han Kung’s Global Ethics
Jonathan G. Florendo
Saint Loius University
The norms and policies governing the lives of people in a certain locality are determined by their cultural background. The fact that the world is composed of various cultures opens the possibility of conflicting moral claims. Due to these differences, one culture imposes dominance and superiority over the other. A hindsight to history shows that the causes of war have been that one tends to reject the other’s policies because it does not agree with his own – thereby, considering it as wrong. To respond to this, Hans Küng proposed Global Ethic as an alternative.
By a Global Ethic we do not mean a global ideology or a single unified religion beyond all existing religions, and certainly not the domination of one religion over all others. By a Global Ethic we mean a fundamental consensus on binding values, irrevocable standards, and personal attitudes. Without such a fundamental consensus on an ethic, sooner or later every community will be threatened by chaos or dictatorship. (Kung, 1995)

The paper aims to answer the following questions: 1.) How can Global Ethic be realized?; and, 2.) How can
Global Ethic be responsive to present day problems in politics, economics, ecology, etc. This study employs the descriptive and hermeneutical method. This will involve text analysis of Han’s Küng’s work on Global
Ethic. As a conclusion, the research maintains the idea that it is through dialogue that conflicts are eventually resolved. Dialogue is the only way to bridge gaps. However, the dialogue, to be authentic and effective, must start by identifying the commonality of the various parties involved. The focus on commonality does not intend to dissolve the differences among various cultures. In fact, Global Ethic recognizes the uniqueness of every culture.
Curses and Religious Expressions among Selected
Ethno-Linguistic Groups in Central Mindanao:
An Ethnographic Study
Marilyn G. Billiones
Notre Dame University
The study analyzes the morphological processes, lexical relationships, and the social, cultural and psychological circumstances that cause a person to utter such expressions. It also determines how these affect communication and inter‐relationships among speakers. The main data gathering techniques used were listening and observations during immersions in the ethnic communities in which the researcher had to listen to exchanges since the early waking hours and the late retiring time. Key Informant Interviews and
Focus Group Discussions were also conducted. The following are the major findings: The morphological processes noted are affixation, reduplication, borrowing, coinage, dissimulation, clippings, acronyms, and free morphemes. These processes were observed in the four languages under study. On the lexical relationships, synonymy and derivation have been found to be common. For social, cultural, and psychological circumstances, curses can be a substitute for physical harm. They are sometimes uttered without meaning or said out of anger, surprise, intense emotions, or just relieving frustrations and anger.
The religious expressions have been observed to be the speakers’ manifestation of dependency on God’s graces and mercy. Although, there are instances that these expressions go together as after cursing; saying religious expressions automatically follow. As curses are part of human nature, they can be a source of conflict but can also be a resource of peace if through them, people could harmonize with themselves with others, with the environment, and above all, with God.
The Greater Good as Gleaned from Interviews with
Select Group of Retired Professors
Noahlyn Maranan
University of the Philippines Los Baños
The results discussed in this paper is part of a larger qualitative study of the wisdom of a nominated group of professors emeriti from the University of the Philippines. The participant-respondents were interviewed
(using the semi-structured approach) about their work, their lives, their students and about their opinions on just about anything. The interview transcripts were coded and analyzed. One of the themes that emerged from the data has to do with the respondents' valuing of and pursuit of the greater good for themselves, for others, or for their respective fields. If it's for the self, the respondents pursue what's real to them, what's true to their passions, what they truly believe in, or that which they think would lead to the

fullest realization of the self. If for others or for their field, the respondents pursue that which would create value for others or that which would benefit their disciplines, or the nation in general. At the same time, it has been observed that the respondent-participants seem to value more that which is essential and needed, that which yields intrinsic joy and happiness, and that which maybe is more important than money.
These point to the respondents' valuing of and pursuit of the higher ideal for the self and for others—which may or may not be shared with the greater public in general. This study highlights the positive qualities of the elderly Filipinos in the academe—and celebrates that which is good among us. It is suggested that more studies regarding the positive psychology of the Filipinos be done—and to celebrate furthermore that which is good among the public in general.
Experienced Teachers Understanding of
Environmental Issues: A Formative Evaluation
Maricar H. Sison
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
The study sought to evaluate the level of understanding of about 140 Master Teachers from the public secondary schools of Nueva Ecija. Two instruments were used in the study, namely: the interview guide questions and the survey instruments. The interview guide questions served as a guide for conducting a formal interview with the supervisors, principals, and teachers. The survey instruments were subdivided into three parts: the demographic profile of the respondents, frequency of use of environmental source of information, and questionnaire on five environmental issues. Both guide questions and survey instruments were pre-validated. Majority of the respondents belonged to age bracket of 51-55 years old. There were more female respondents (71%) than males (29%) which mean that the teaching profession is still dominated by females. 74.4% from District IV have earned units in the master's level, followed by District I with 68.29%, District II had 66.67% and District III only 23.53%. Majority of the respondents had been teaching Science and Technology as well as Mathematics subjects for the last six years. Demographic predictors such as age, gender, educational attainment, and subjects taught significantly affect the understanding on environmental issues of the teachers. It seemed their perceptions on the different environmental issues were not comparable except those issues on population explosion. There was a high level of understanding of the respondents on the five environmental issues. The factors affecting the teaching and learning process of imparting knowledge on environmental education include sources of information from books, journals, gazette, periodicals, lack of facilities such as multimedia and internet access, attendance to trainings, seminar-workshops, scientific conferences and conventions. The study implied that the Master Teachers were aware of their role as educators but were not experienced and qualified to handle environmental education.
Spirituality of Employees and their Attitude toward their
Co-workers and Work
Maricon M. Guillermo
Northwestern University
It is believed that employees in an organization should anchor their lives on Christian values and make their work an avenue to nurture their spiritual life. When spirituality permeates in the workplace, a paradigm shift on work attitude and relationship among workers is feasible. This research studied the spirituality of

employees of Northwestern University and their attitude toward their co-workers and work. It determined the profile for respondent as to age, religion, and affiliation to religious organizations, their spirituality as to praying, attendance to worship services or Sunday mass, Bible reading and involvement in spiritual activities, and their attitude toward co-workers and work. A questionnaire as data gathering tool was used to describe the spirituality of a total of 168 academic and non-academic employee respondents. The profile of respondents suggest that majority of them are relatively young for they belong to the age bracket 21-
30, are predominantly Roman Catholic in religion, and have no affiliation to religious organizations. In detail, most of these employees pray to feel closer to God and to thank Him for his blessings. In addition, reading the Bible also made them feel closer to God. However, they are not inclined to share biblical verses to their students and co-workers. They attend Sunday mass and worship service but their involvement in religious activities that would help them nurture their spirituality is limited. Generally, NWU employees manifest a good attitude toward their co-workers and work. They are friendly and approachable to one another and they attribute their work as a gift from God.
Children in a Triadic World: Violence, Sensuality and Freedom
Marinel Palattao- Dayawon
Isabela State University
Children were always regarded as angels to their families, the fulfillment of true parenthood and the best gift they received from God. This study was conducted to determine the true picture of children in select films employing qualitative method particularly context analysis. The two Cinemalaya films, “ Boses” (Voice) and “Nuwebe” (Nine) were contextually analyzed. The analysis of the two films revealed that children were being abused at home; their fathers were the primary executioner of physical violence and sexual abuse
(rape/incest) where they carry emotional and physical scars for their entire life which are regarded as ugly sins of the society; the concerns of the community and actions of both government and private organization that caters abused and violated children freed them from physical, emotional and sexual abuses; their positive disposition as well as their resilience despite of their traumatic and life-threatening experiences have made them to become stronger in facing the adversities of life; they liberate themselves in the form of music (Onyok of Boses) and positive outlook in life despite of the monstrous man in her life (Krista of
Nuwebe) and finally realized their worth in the society. Their legal rights as children have surfaced with the strict implementation of the law called “Special Protection of Children against Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination Act." To fully understand the rights of every child in the society, parents should undergo trainings and counseling about good parenting with an expert sponsored by the government; children should also be oriented with their rights and given also counseling sessions to overcome trauma and prevent them from the harms of abuse in the hands of a hungry predators.
Predictors for Estimating the Possible Damages Due to
Tropical Cyclones
Edcon B. Baccay, Lincoln A. Bautista and Edcon B. Baccay
Polytechnic University of the Philippines

The study considered the sixty four (64) tropical cyclones that hit the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) from 2004 to 2011. Relevant data about these tropical cyclones were obtained from Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). Data on damages were gathered from the records of National Disaster Risk and Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC). The researcher also used the websites of these two government agencies. The researcher utilized the descriptive-analytical method of research. Correlation and regression analyses were utilized to develop the predictors that will estimate damages due tropical cyclones. All computations were done using the
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The predictor of number of death is the coverage of the tropical cyclone. The regression equation found is
y
1


x
2
. The families affected can be predicted by the coverage, the amount of rainfall and the maximum sustained wind of the tropical cyclone given by the regression equation
y
2
 

x
2

x
3

x
4
and the cost of damages to property is predicted by the amount of rainfall with the regression equation of
y
3
 

x
4
.
Comparative Analysis of Third Year High School
Students Performance in Scientific Measurement in the Three Modes of Testing
Eliseo P. Marpa
Philippine Normal University-Negros Occidental Campus
The main purpose of this study was to determine and compare the level of performances in scientific measurement of the third year high school students of Philippine Normal University Center for Teaching and Learning in the three modes of testing. Specifically, the study aims to determine the level and differences of third year high school students’ performance in the three modes of testing when grouped according to gender. To determine the level of performance of the third year high school students in the three modes of testing, the researcher utilized the descriptive-comparative method of research using the developed proficiency test in scientific measurement. The development of the test follows the principles of test construction. To determine the level of performance of the third year high school students in the three modes of testing, the researcher utilized the mean while t-test for independent means and one-way analysis of variance were used to determine significant differences between subjects and among the three modes of testing, respectively. Significant differences in this study were set at 0.05 level of significance.
Results of the study show that the level of performance in scientific measurement of the third year high school students in the three modes of testing is high. However, when obtained mean scores were considered results reveal that the highest mean was observed in the third test, this mode of testing allow

students to use conversion tables and calculator. Results also reveal that when grouped according to gender, boys and girls level of performance is high but the highest mean score was obtained by the girls consistently in the three modes of testing. Likewise, it was found out that there is a significant difference in the level of performance of the third year high school students’ in the three modes of testing. Significant difference was observed between the first mode and the third mode of testing. On the other hand, when grouped according to gender, boys and girls differ significantly in the level of their performances in the first and third test only. No significant difference was found in the second mode of testing. These findings conclude that third year high school students have mastery of scientific measurement; however, girls perform better than boys in the first and third mode of testing. Likewise, the study concludes that the use of technology in the classroom such as calculator others help improve performance in finding out correct solutions for the problem. The study recommends that technology such as, calculator, computers and the like should be used in the classroom for these help students acquire the necessary skills in word problem solving.
The Employment Trend of RTU Employees in the
Next Ten Years (2013-2022): Basis for Plans and Programs
Marivic T. Sanchez and Joan B. Marasigan
Rizal Technological University
The objective of this study is to determine the employment trend of the academic and administrative employees of Rizal Technological University in the next 10 years, 2013 – 2022 as basis of plan and program development. The researchers used the descriptive method. Only those employees in academic and administrative positions with plantilla item are included in the study. The Rizal Technological University has a total of 393 employees with plantilla positions, with at least 54% female dominating the male population. At least 14% of the employees are aged 21-35, 20% are between ages 36-45 , 149 or 38% with age ranging from 46-55 and 110 or 28% are between the ages of 56-65. In relation to nature of employment, 92% of the RTU employees are in permanent status and only 8% are on temporary status. A good number of these employees are Masters Degree holder at 35%, 16% are Doctoral graduates while the remaining population have units in their advanced studies. Findings in this research study revealed that there are more retirees in the academic than those in the administrative positions. 6% of the faculty members will be retiring in 2015, 49 or 13% in 2017 and by year 2022 or in the next ten years therefore a total of 110 or 28% of employees will exit from the university by compulsory retirement , mostly female, from the College of Education. Comparatively, only 4% among the administrative employees and 17% from the quasi – administrative employees will retire in 2015.
Predictors of School Choice of Information Technology Students
Rex P. Bringula
University of the East
This descriptive study utilized a validated questionnaire to determine the profile, level of consideration in deciding to enroll in the University with respect to the ten institutional image indicators, and level of school choice of Information Technology (IT) students. It also investigated which of the ten institutional image indicators could predict the level of school choice of the respondents. It was revealed that most of the IT students were male, were born and raised in Metro Manila, lived in family-owned houses in Manila and
Quezon City, and belonged to middle-income class family. Eight out of ten institutional indicators were

considered in enrolling in the University. Facilities were considered the only institutional image indicator that predicted the level of school choice. Thus, the null hypothesis stating that institutional image indicators, singly or in combination, do not significantly predict the level of school choice of IT students is partially rejected. Recommendations, limitations, and implications were also discussed in the study.
Benigno P. Legamia
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
This is a correlational research study which sought to determine the possible factors which predicts the performance in the CE board examinations of the graduates from A.Y. 2007-2008 to 2009-2010. Statistical techniques employed were frequency, percentage, weighted mean, t-test and multiple regression analysis.
The study revealed that most of the CE graduates had an “average” performance in mathematics and GPA, and only a few have an “above average” academic performance they still performed well in the board examination. Most of the students got a “fair” performance in the pre-board. Both enrolled and not enrolled students in a review exhibited similar performance in the different areas of the board exam. It could be inferred that enrolling in a review center will not be guarantee of success in the board performance. The use of mock board for civil engineering students more accurately identified students who were not at risk rather than identifying those at risk. The findings demonstrated that students' GPA and
Math Grade were the best predictors of success in the Civil Engineering licensure board examination. The passing rate of board takers graduated almost consistently surpassed the national passing rate. This reflects the quality of education and preparation for the board examination was given to them by their institution.
Forecasting Exchange Rate: US Dollar vs. Philippine Peso
Willy S. Gayo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
This study forecasts exchange rate of U. S. dollar versus Philippine peso. The descriptive method of research was used. The researchers used secondary type of data generated from concerned office, such as Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP). The auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) was used to build the models with the use of statistical softwares such as Econometric Views (E-views), which can be used in determining the unit root to make the time series data stationary. Furthermore, the researchers found out the behavior of the exchange rates’ time series from the past eight years, from year 2004 through 2011, that is, the exchange rate U.S dollar versus Philippine peso is closed to each other. Changes in exchange rate tend to directly affect domestic prices of goods and services. It may affect different economic indicator like import, export, Gross National Product (GNP), interest rate, inflation rate and stock market. Exchange rate movements can also affect the country’s external sector through the impact of foreign trade. The researchers made a model to forecast exchange rate U.S. dollar versus Philippine peso based on the previous data of exchange rate U.S. dollar versus Philippine peso. A structure of pricing and product distribution such the effects of exchange rate in our economyand the changes are minimized. This study addresses the question of how exchange rates affect consumer demand in markets where an important role plays. It was found out that the model to forecast the exchange rate U.S. Dollar versus Philippine peso was the ARIMA model

Comparative Analysis of Non-Normal Classification
Groups in Modified Discriminant Analysis
Rogelio C. Golez Jr., Roberto N. Padua and Dennis Tarepe
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
The paper tackles the problem of supervised classification of an object to one of two classification groups when one or both groups are not normal. The usual way to address this problem is through linear
(quadratic) discriminant analysis where the populations are usually assumed normal. We proposed a
median-based discriminant analysis ( M DA ) and demonstrated that it is superior to the usual LDA in terms of the high probability of correct classification (or low misclassification probability) when one or both groups are not normal. In the multivariate case, we proposed a Multivariate Median-based Discriminant
Rule ( M M DA ) as alternative to the linear discriminant analysis procedure (LDA). Modifying a new approach of assessment using median-based discriminant analysis, a simulation method is the best procedure in testing its performance. The Total Probability of Misclassification (TPM) was calculated for two different cases to determine the performance of using classical and the modified approach. Using a
population n = 30 and 100 at 1000 runs the simulation results are : Case 1, in the M DA the TPM = 0.0064
(n = 30) and 0.0021 (n = 100) while in LDA the TPM = 0.0178 (n = 30) and 0.0172 (n = 100); and Case 2,
M M DA , the average TPM = 0.0079 (n = 30) and 0.0026 (n = 100) while MDA the average TPM = 0.0106 (n
= 30) and 0.0072 (n = 100). Simulation results showed that the M DA and M M DA both provides low TPM than the classical LDA and MDA which means that the new approach is very useful in the classification of non-normal groups.
Research Engagement of Nutritionist-Dietitians in
Philippine Hospitals: An Assessment
Adela Jamorabo-Ruiz and Maria Estela M. Jamorabo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The study aimed to provide insights on how hospital dietitians fare in the area of research; describe the research activities undertaken, the types of research engagement, and give recommendations based on the findings. Twelve (12) teaching and training hospitals or Level 4 hospitals all over the Philippines were selected to obtain data on dietetics researches in the Philippines. The chief or head registered nutritionistdietitian (RND) was interviewed to describe the hospital dietitians’ involvement in research activities for the past ten (10) years. Documentary analyses were also done by the researchers. RNDs were involved in many research activities starting with their dietary department activities on food selection and preparation, meal planning and menu execution, food service, evaluation and documentation of activities.
Administrative dietitians were engaged with budgeting, food cost analysis, recipe testing and standardization, and management of personnel, facilities and equipment. Clinical and patient care dietitians did case studies and clinical assessments, engaged in developing instructional materials, general surveys, benchmarking activities, documenting nutrition practices, and in calorie counting and monitoring of intake of patients to assist in researches conducted by medical professionals. RNDs perform research activities as part of their daily functions and duties. Many of them do not document these research activities into the appropriate research format whether an action research, a descriptive survey or an analytical research. The few hospital RNDs who get published were those involved with medical

professionals doing clinical studies necessitating diet computations and nutrition analysis. Continuing training of RNDs and hospital-academe collaborations on the conduct of researches is encouraged to widen the awareness and development of a research culture among RNDs. Research mentoring is also suggested to spread out the expertise of excellent RND researchers who are willing to help their colleagues.
Designs, Methods and Perspectives of Community
Development Research in Selected Higher Education
Institutions Maria Ana T. Quimbo
This study is an analysis of community development research in selected public higher education institutions in the Philippines. It is a contextual review and qualitative meta-analysis of empirical studies spanning five decades of Philippine research studies on community development. The analysis specifically focuses on the research design used and the community development approaches and methods addressed and analyzed by the studies selected. The present study reviewed a total of 217 studies from 1964 to 2009 in three Philippine higher education institutions offering undergraduate and graduate degree programs in
Community Development. During the decades covered by the study, the key issues and problem areas addressed primarily focused on sustainable development, organization management and governance, participation of individuals and groups, environment and natural resources, and agriculture. Most of the studies reviewed employed purely quantitative research design with a few using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Interview was found to be the most popular data collection method used. Referring to how and for whom development programs are planned, implemented and managed, the most common community development approach was community-based approach whereas community education was the most popular strategy employed for the effective and efficient execution of these development efforts. The paper concludes by highlighting its implications to community development research in higher education and curriculum development.
Laguna Polytechnic University System Four Fold Functions as Perceived by College Mentors
Balencia R. Aduana
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Using a descriptive correlation method, this study attempted to establish the influence of the profile of the
103 college mentors and school factors to the level of participation of the respondents in the four-fold functions of the university; namely: instruction, research, extension and production. In terms of educational qualification, 31.07 percent were bachelor’s degree holders with units in master degree level;
29.13 percent were master’s degree holders with units in the doctorate level; master’s degree holders at
16.50 percent; lastly, the bachelor and doctorate degree holders at both 11.65 percent. The mentorrespondents viewed that they had often done what were expected of them in instruction with an average weighted mean of 4.29 which led the researcher to believe that the function of instruction was executed successfully by the college mentors of the university system. The research function was perceived by the mentor-respondents as sometimes done with an average weighted mean of 2.56. The extension function of the university was viewed by its mentors as sometimes done, while the production function was viewed as rarely done. The findings imply that production activities were practically rarely done and could be considered as the lowest level of participation among the four-fold functions. Based on the foregoing

findings and hypotheses posited, the researcher concluded that the four-fold functions were independent of the profile of the mentor-respondents in terms of sex, civil status, academic rank, length of teaching service, and field of excellence. In the light of the conclusions arrived at, the researcher recommends that on the extent of implementation and awareness on the objectives, further enhancement on strategies of the functions of research, extension, and production be instituted.
Assessment of the Competencies of the Filipino Food and Beverage Crew in the Cruise Industry
Jocelyn Y. Camalig
Lyceum of the Philippines
This research aimed to identify specific skills, knowledge, attitudes and values that food and beverage service crew should possess in the cruise industry. It also explored the problems that affect the development of competencies in the cruise industry and determine the adequacy of the curriculum in developing the required food and beverage service competencies.
Technology Transfer in the Philippine Food
Processing Industry: An Exploratory Study
Sami Khayat
Negros Oriental State University
This paper explores the factors affecting technology transfer in the food processing industry in the Republic of the Philippines. In achieving the above-mentioned purpose, the researcher solicited the food processing industry input using survey questionnaires. Collection of data for this research carried out with the
Philippine food processing industry professionals from September-December 2010. The survey questionnaires distributed randomly in different regions in the Philippines. Overall, 300 survey questionnaires were distributed, only 157 answered. Statistical analysis techniques, including, exploratory factor analysis, were used to exploit the survey data in order to address the research objective. The scope of the study was limited only to target the respondents from the Philippine food processing industry.
Analysis of the results was based on a quantitative analysis. Findings from the questionnaires are tabulated.
The average and the standard deviation for each item were calculated. Factor analysis was applied. Principal axis factor analysis with VARIMAX rotation was conducted to assess the underlying structure for twenty nine (29) items of the survey instrument used. Analysis resulted in an technology transfer constructed factors consisting of one outcome factor namely, Technology Transfer Value Added (AV), and four technology transfer enabling factors namely, Relation Building (RB), Transferee Characteristics (TE),
Government Influence (GI), and Technology Characteristics (TC).
MAAP-INM International Cooperation and Partnerships:
It’s Relevance on the Recent Philippine MET Development
Angelica M. Baylon
Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific
The paper presents the birth of the international cooperation between the Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific (MAAP) and the Incheon Maritime High School (INM) which was further enhanced by the bright ideas of its visionary incumbent INM Principal Mr Kim Myeong Sik. This paper describes the background,

rationale and relevance of the MAAP-INM recent project. This paper also aims to provide three latest MET
Developments updates in the Philippines particularly on K to 12 Implementation, Outcome Based
Education Implementation and Philippine Qualification Framework Implementation (specifically the awarding of certifications for NC1 (grade 11) and NCII (grade 12) qualifications. This qualitative basic research paper is prepared using the following methods data collection: interviews, observations, literature search, documentary analysis, exchange of emails/ideas with INM, notes taken from maritime seminars and conferences attended, readings from circulars issued by CHED and thoughts/insights /ideas provided by CHED Executive Director Atty Julito Vitriolo, PhD, of the Philippine Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) which the authors gratefully acknowledge. Atty Vitriolo served as the MAAP Guest of Honor and speaker along with other distinguished maritime stakeholders involved in education (DEPED and Regional
CHED) and vocational /skills training (TESDA), during the MAAP-INM MOA Signing held at MAAP campus in Bataan on March 1, 2013. The INM serves as the International Model School for the Senior high School
Program for the MAAP Filipino Scholars who passed the MAAP rigid selection process in May 2013 to serve as INM pilot test students for grade 11 and 12 two-year studies (grade 10 and 11 at INM). The paper ends with a way forward for MAAP-INM partnerships.”
Level of Stress and Susceptibility of Illness/Health Change of Team Captains of a Business Process Outsourcing
Company in Taguig City
Jasel Rubie Reyes
Far Eastern University
This study assessed the level of stress and susceptibility to illness/health change of the Team Captains
(Supervisors) of Account A of a business process outsourcing company in Taguig City. Specifically, the study sought answers to the following: (1) What is the profile of the Team Captains of Account A of a business process outsourcing company, with regard to gender, age, highest educational attainment, marital status, location of residence, number of dependents and length/tenure as a Team Captain? (2) Based on the
Holmes-Rahe scale, what is the level of stress and susceptibility to illnesses or health change of the Team
Captains? (3) What is the level of stress and susceptibility to illnesses/health change of the Team Captains when they are grouped by profile and as a whole? (4) Are the company initiatives sufficient to help the respondents manage stress in their job-level? The Researcher used descriptive method as the research methodology. The respondents of the research consisted of forty seven Team Captains of Account A of a
BPO company. The questionnaire focused on Holmes-Rahe Stress Inventory and was the main instrument used in data gathering. Weighted mean was computed to determine the analysis of the data gathered.
This study showed that majority of the respondents perceived that the company initiatives such as: leadership trainings/seminars are sufficient, company recognition events and focus group discussions are somewhat sufficient; theme clubs/organizations, social work activities, team buildings, recreational facilities and counselling initiatives are insufficient. It is very important to note that the company needs to add more initiatives to help the respondents reduce the effects of stress.
Microfinance Institutions, their Social Entrepreneurship
Agenda and Factors Empowering SOCCSKSARGEN
Micro Entrepreneurs
Ronald Germo Mamaril
Notre Dame University

Poverty is a social ill that besets any struggling nation, but there are poor individuals or groups that still believe and hope that life could be better and that they can rise from poverty and scarcity. For them to start their small businesses, they need capital, not charity. These are Micro entrepreneurs own and operate their micro‐enterprises. Hence, these Micro entrepreneurs need micro financing institutions to aid them in their businesses. Microfinance Institutions are highly capacitated and established in taking care of such needs through its Social Entrepreneurship initiatives, programs and activities. It is in this context that the study was conducted. The study identified the relevant drivers, the compelling reasons and the factors that these Microfinance Institutions through its Social Entrepreneurial programs and activities aid and support the Micro entrepreneurs of the SOCCSKSARGEN region, namely: Clients’ Technical, Interpersonal, and
Conceptual Skills; Clients’ Character, Disposition and Strength; MFI’s Clear and Comprehensive Policies;
MFIs’ Social Responsibility; MFI’s Proactive Processes and Responsive Personnel; MFIs’ Social Directive /
Mandate; MFIs’ Dedicated Service for Community Empowerment; MFIs’ Vision and Mission; and MFIs’
Equity.
Whether Different Changing Tax Rates Cause the Risk Level of Listed Vietnam Banking Firms Increase or Decrease So Much?
Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy
International University of Japan
The emerging stock market in Viet Nam has been developed since 2006 and affected by the financial crisis
2007-2009. This study analyzes the impacts of tax policy on market risk for the listed firms in the banking industry as it becomes necessary. First, by using quantitative and analytical methods to estimate asset and equity beta of total 9 listed companies in Viet Nam banking industry with a proper traditional model, we found out that the beta values, in general, for many institutions are acceptable. Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing tax rates (20%, 25% and 28%), we recognized that there is not large disperse in equity beta values, estimated at 0,408, 0,456 and 0,457.These values are lower than those of the listed VN construction firms. Third, by changing tax rates in 3 scenarios (25%, 20% and 28%), we recognized both equity and asset beta mean values have positive relationship with the increasing levels of tax rate. Finally, this paper provides some outcomes that could provide companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in governance.
Organizational Culture and Climate of the Supreme Student
Government in the Public Secondary Schools in the
Division of Oriental Mindoro and Calapan City
Alain A. Mendoz, Christian Anthony C. Agutaya and Alain A. mendoza
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Organizational climate is the recurring patterns of behavior, attitudes and feelings that characterize life in the organization while an organization culture tends to be deep and stable. Although culture and climate are related, climate often proves easier to assess and change (Isaksen and Ekvall, 2007). Thus, a descriptivecorrelational study was conducted to determine the organizational culture and climate of the Student
Government (SSG) in the Public Secondary Schools in the Divisions of Oriental Mindoro and Calapan City.

A total of three hundred ninety-three (393) SSG members of the two divisions were the respondents of the study and were chosen using stratified sampling with proportional allocation with schools as strata. The study found out that the SSG officers could cultivate a sound organizational culture through sharing of resources, rights, feelings and doings. The SSG had high level of commitment, standards, responsibility, recognition, and teamwork. The high level of organizational climate of the SSG had significant impact to shape organizational culture. Finally, the study recommended that both SSG officers and members should seek further innovations such as group dynamics and teambuilding in managing SSG activities that will maintain favorable organizational climate. In order to effectively implement organizational innovation, the school should enhance support for students through reward system. Open communication between SSG officers and members through regular consultation should be maintained in order to sustain and enhance their mandated program and activities and spent their time in productive ways.
Quality of Work Life: It’s Relationship to Faculty
Productivity in Higher Education Institutions in Capiz
Samson B. Begas
Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion
This study looked into the quality of work life and productivity of the faculty of Higher Education Institutions in Capiz. The descriptive survey method was used employing the rating scale as the major tool for data gathering. Informal interviews and documentary analysis were also employed to gather supplemental data.
The mean was computed to describe the degree of quality of work life and level of productivity of the respondents. t-test, ANOVA and pearson r were used as inferential statistics to determine the significance of differences and relationships. The result of the study showed that the degree of quality of work life of
HEI faculty was “very good” and the level of productivity was “satisfactory.” There were no significant differences in the perceived quality of work life and productivity of the HEI faculty in Capiz when they were categorized according to sex, age, marital status, length of service, and monthly income. The study further revealed that quality of work life and productivity were significantly related. It was recommended that the
Office of Academic Affairs should provide their faculty members a comprehensive and responsive faculty development program to support them in their quest for research and community service. Activities should include the implementation of faculty research assignments where faculty members write/conduct researches during summer and senior faculty members act as research mentors of newly-hired faculty members of their institution.
Quality Assessment of Laboratory High Schools in the
National Capital Region
Dennis O. Dumrique
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The main objective of this study was to assess the quality of laboratory high schools in the National Capital
Region in terms of the following dimensions: the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and core values; the learning environment; the human resources; the school facilities; the school curriculum; and the school instruction. It also aimed to evaluate the performance of these schools in terms of the following indicators: the National Achievement Test and the National Career Assessment Examination. The study utilized the descriptive method of research. Stratified random sampling scheme was used to select the number of respondents per laboratory high school. Moreover, the questionnaire made by the researcher was used in the study to gather the needed data and information. Consequently, the researcher used statistical

treatment such as the frequency distribution, weighted mean as well as T-test, Pearson Chi-square, and
ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses laid in this study. Findings show that the respondents of laboratory schools in the National Capital Region generally agree that indicators in the six dimensions of quality assessment were met. On the other hand, results show that the overall performance of these schools in the National Achievement Test and National Career Assessment Examination were average. The researcher proposed an improvement plan for the laboratory high schools using the aforementioned dimensions and indicators.
Development of a Bag-Type Rider’s Reflectorized Safety Jacket
Adriano B. Singian
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
Transportation had played a big role for us humans. Transportation has been the key to human progress;
Men have conquered the land, seas and air. Nowadays petroleum used by cars had risen because of economic crisis. Because of this, people searched for the cheapest yet fast means of transportation. The motorcycle has been the answer for it is fast yet cheap means of transportation. That’s the reason why most of the car owners switch to motorcycles. In the Philippines, most Filipinos used motorcycle when going to their work, school and other activities that need fast transportation. However, this leads to an accident that sometimes cause the death of a motorcycle rider. Because of the absence of safety gears, these motorists are not easily seen by other motorist and so, they often meet accidents. This is the reason why the researchers came up with this study, to provide these motorcycle riders, safety measure device.
The proposed project is conceived to help prevent accidents which might lead to severe injuries or death.
The project is a safety gear especially for motorcyclists. The project consists of four components, namely:
(1) a jacket (2) with bag (3) attached with an elbow pads (4) sleeves with a reflectorized tape. The project works by (1) wearing the bag, (2) pulling the zipper on the center of the inverted jacket, (3) pulling out the sleeves, wearing the sleeves at both left and right arm. By wearing this reflectorized safety jacket with bag, a rider will be seen easily even at night and can go with safety. The advantage of the project is to give or ensure the safety of the motorcycle rider. To attain its effectiveness we conducted testing and survey to those interested motorcycle riders. After testing and survey we will consider every rider’s opinion for more enhancements.
Portable Self-Sustaining Electric Generator
Froilan G. Destreza
Batangas State University
The proposed project is the idea of the proponent which addresses the needs of the community of having a less fuel, less pollutant and less worry about the source of electricity. This paper is a proposal for possible solution on the fuel shortage in the market and global warming. It includes the lay-outing, designing and identifying components for the proposed project. Components of the Portable Self-Sustainable Electric
Generator have been identified. The proponent came up with a final design with the components’ configuration and specifications. Hopefully, the development of this project has been recommended.
Savoring Burger Taste with Krill Patties

Maricel Y. Ocampo
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
As a Filipino we all know about the “alamang” a very small shrimp or sometimes called “krill “which serves in breakfast, lunch or dinner usually dip in vinegar and other condiments, it is sold in the market or peddle by a vendor at reasonable price. Burger patty is usually made up of pork or beef. A burger is a sandwich consisting of two or more slices of bread with one or more fillings between them, sandwiches are widely popular type of lunch food, typically taken to work, schools or picnics to be eaten as packed lunch. Burger sandwich is being sold in many food chains, and because of our deep appreciation to it they are formulated in different style mixing up with other ingredients and can be sold anywhere else, food stand in every corner that cater burgers, but we cannot avoid the fact that eating burger regularly is not good for the health since it is high in saturated fats which can cause health problems eventually. This project intend to introduce an alternative which can be an option to burger yet everyone can afford especially students like us, so we come up with the study of this product “krill patties”.
Design and Development of Prototype for the Conversion of Rainwater to Potable Water
Rejie C. Magnaye
Batangas State University
The study mainly focused on the design and the development of a rainwater converter prototype for the treatment of rainwater thus, making it potable. The study includes the prototype design and components, cost of development, material balance, and the results of the analyzed and tested parameters of rainwater.
Rainwater from Batangas City was used for the conversion. The rainwater converter was composed of a sedimentation tank, pump, Multimedia Filtration tank, micron filter, and the UV Sterilizer. The sedimentation tank was made of stainless steel to prevent it from corroding, and the pipes used for the flow of water were ½” schedule 40 PVC pipe. The disinfectant used was Ultraviolet lamp to significantly destroy harmful microorganisms without affecting the properties of water. The performance of the rainwater converter was analyzed through several microbiological, physical and chemical properties of rainwater tested. There was significant difference in almost all the properties of the rainwater except iron and cadmium before and after treatment as specified in the Philippine National Standards for Drinking
Water. The mean percentages of the physical properties of rainwater particularly Color and Turbidity are
<5.0 PCU and 0.0633 NTU. While the mean percentage of the chemical properties of treated rainwater for pH is 7.13, for TDS 42.00 for Chloride is 9.55, for Manganese is 0.00, for Iron is 0.0567, for Arsenic is 0.00, for lead is 0.00, for Cadmium is 0.0023, for Nitrate is 0.4300, and for Sulfate is 3.5933. The total coliform and fecal coliform present in the sample have mean percentages of <1.1 MPN/100 mL for both properties.
Both samples of rainwater do not exceed the maximum amounts of properties stated in the Philippines
National Standards for Drinking Water. This meant that the treated rainwater passed all the properties and is suitable for human consumption, thus making the rainwater converter more effective in performance.
Possibilities of Waste Shredded Luffa Fiber and Waste
Mixed Plastic as Composite Materials in Particle Board
Ariel A. Dela Cruz
Technological University of the Philippines

One of the problems in our country today was the illegal logging that causes deforestation which leads to flashfloods. This research develops a composite board using waste luffa fiber and waste plastic from agro forest and solid waste respectively, as an alternative building material. The study adopted the concept for composite board. Luffa–Plastic composite board were manufactured using 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and
40:60 binder : luffa proportion with a density of 800 kg/cm3. All board was subjected to physical and mechanical property test in accordance with PNS 230:1989 of the Philippine national standards. Result showed that specimen containing 60% luffa fiber and 40% waste mixed polyester plastic is considered as the appropriate mix proportions that surpassed the requirement prescribed by the Philippine National standard.
Performance of Free Range Chicken through Feed and Drink
Supplementation Using Crops, Fruits, Crops’ leaves and
Herbal Extracts
Judy M. Sorsano
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
The research project was conducted to determine the performance of free range chicken when provided with supplements coming from selected tuber crops, fruits, crops’ leaves and herbal extracts. Four studies were included in this project using the Completely Randomized Design. The first study focused on the performance of birds given with root crops as feed supplements like sweet potato, cassava, yam bean and taro. The second study was on fruit supplementation using banana, watermelon, tomato, and Indian mango. The third study which crops’ leaves as feed supplements like camote, cassava, alugbati and banana leaves. And the fourth study was on herbal drinks preparation by extracting from oregano, lemon grass and pepper leaves. In the first study, the sweet potato supplementation gave the highest average daily gain
(ADG) of 56 grams and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) of 1.36 kilograms. However, cassava was found more economical to use as feed supplement because it provided the highest net income of P622.02 and return above cost (RAC) of 75.79%. The second study showed that banana supplementation gave the highest ADG of birds of 53.67 grams, FCE of 1.40 kilograms, the cost and return analysis of P631.72 as net profit, and 76.01 percent RAC among the fruits used. In the third study, birds responded differently in various crops’ leaves supplementation. Banana leaves gave the highest ADG of 58.33 grams, alugbati leaves was found the most efficient converter of 1.37 kilograms; camote leaves marked the highest net profit of
P631.72; and in the control, birds showed the highest percentage of return above cost with 76.90 percent.
And in the fourth study, lemon grass extract gave the highest ADG of 52.33 grams; and pepper leaves extract with the most efficient converter of 1.37 kilograms. The economic analysis showed that birds given with lemon grass extract gained the highest net profit of 585.25, and the highest RAC was obtained the control with 75.55 percent. In the evaluation of the meat color, texture, taste and palatability, birds given with oregano+pepper+lemongrass extracts gained the highest percentage, i.e. palatability (35.07%), tenderness (27.54%), and texture (25.23%) with a total of 87.84%. Symptoms and suspected diseases were not found in birds given with herbal drinks. Only the control (plain water) got infected birds with bronchitis and infectious coryza.
Coconut “Palapa”: An Alternative Material for Wood Tile
Revelina C. Ansay
Laguna State Polytechnic University

The study entitled “Coconut ‘Palapa’ : An alternative Material For Wood Tile” aims to develop the recent study of Coconut ‘Palapa’ as an alternative material for floor parquet to universal indoor tile. Universal indoor tile as for floor, wall, ceiling, and could be use as material or decoration for furniture. The researchers come up with the developmental method for the said product, to prove its potential to become more usable as construction material. Through the gathered data and information and undergoing different tests and try-outs,the researchers arise in response with the statement of the problems. It first complies with level of acceptability of Coconut ‘Palapa’ tile as an alternative for other commercial wood tiles base on the data recorded from try outs, tests and survey made. Secondly, the study generates more economical price of tile that the other commercial wood tile available in the market and it is eco-friendly material.
Thirdly, Coconut ’Palapa’ tile has significant difference in terms of its appearance, too lastly, it develops and prove its potential to become a more useful building material for floor parquet to universal indoor tile. It has a unique look, knowing that it is a Coconut ‘Papapa’, it can be considered as waste but it turned into value-added product as Coconut ‘Palapa’ tile. ‘Palapa’ tile is made of coconut ‘Palapa’ from its rachis portion, with every pieces that attaches to its sides using adhesive, will make a single Coconut ‘Palapa’ tile.
The product will be constructed in desired shape. Through preliminary tests made by the researchers, it is proven that the Coconut ‘Palapa’ tile has a potential and with further standard tests subject to compliance in the requirements for wood tiles, this can be considered as an alternative material for wood tile.
Issues and Concerns in the Implementation of
Information Technology Program of State-Run
Higher Education Institutions in Davao Region
Ariel O. Gamao
Davao del Norte State College
The purpose of this case study was to explore the issues and concerns in the implementation of Information
Technology Program in State-Run Higher Education Institutions (SRHEIs) in Davao Region. Employing purposive sampling, 20 key informants composed of the deans, program chairpersons/heads, faculty, students, and alumni of the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Program were selected in this study. The data gathered through in-depth interviews and document analysis using the enhanced interview guide were coded, analyzed, and clustered into themes. Findings revealed that the issues and concerns in the implementation of IT program of State-Run Higher Education Institutions in Davao Region are generally clustered as: 1.) rethinking and redesigning IT curriculum, 2.) upgrading IT facilities and equipment, 3.) retooling IT faculty, 4.) handling IT students’ malpractices, 5.) rationalizing IT fees, and 6.) taking social responsibility for SGP-PA grantees. Results likewise disclosed that the experiences of the SRHEIs in the implementation of IT program are distinct in each other; hence, these entail tailored-fit responses to achieve the desired outcomes. While the said controversies are rooted from diverse factors, policy actors and academic leaders play a significant role in addressing these matters to deliver the expected services and to draw better implementation of Information Technology Program. State-Run Higher Education in its quest for quality, relevance and access may consider the issues and concerns that emerged in this study

for policy redirections and innovations in redesigning and rebuilding a nation of globally competitive learners.
Investigating the Information and Communication
Technology Skills of Teachers in the Division of Iligan City
Enerio E. Ebisa
Department of Education Iligan City
The Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) of 2002 is conceived as an interactive curriculum which encourages the use of ICTs in all learning areas for promoting greater interactivity, widening access to knowledge that will enrich learning. This study sought to examine empirically the Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) skills of teachers in the Department of Education - Division of Iligan City. There were three hundred nineteen (319) respondents taken from the seven (7) selected central and non - central schools using purposive sampling technique to ensure feasibility of the results. It is a descriptive – quantitative method of research using both primary and secondary data to gather information. The socio – demographic profiles of teachers and their ICT experiences were correlated with various ICT skills relating to the eight
(8) different software applications namely: Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation Tools, E – mailing,
World Wide Web/Internet, Computer File Navigation, and Database. The data collected through a questionnaire using ICT Teacher Survey Instrument of the Department of Education and Training of the
Government of Western Australia were analyzed through parametric statistics using percentages, means, and ANOVA t - test. Findings revealed that among the software applications, teachers showed enough competence on Word Processing of which the other applications came one after the other with
Database as the least competent skill among teachers. Some of the socio – demographic profiles had bearings on the effects of ICT competence of teachers. Enhancement trainings and seminars were recommended to complement the ICT skills of teachers as well as the strengthening of ICT use in the classroom across discipline. Further studies on qualitative in-depth analysis are needed to provide deeper insights in the ICT application in the classroom.
Development of a Model for ICT Utilization among
Selected Higher Education Institutions in Mindanao
Juse Lyn P. Hiponia
University of Southeastern University
ICT has been a driver of innovations in Higher Education Institutions in the area of instruction, research, extension, and production. While there is a great deal of common knowledge on how it is being used in the academe, there is not much information regarding the factors that influence its utilization by the faculty. This study surveyed 220 respondents from thirteen out of eighteen purposely selected public (SUC
Level 3 or 4) and private (Deregulated or Autonomous) HEIs in Mindanao. Data were collected from
February to April 2013 using a survey instrument tagged ‘ICT Utilization Survey’ developed to obtain information pertaining to: HEI attributes, attributes of respondents, perceived ICT attributes, adequacy of
ICT support, quality of ICT services and level of ICT utilization. The instrument was subjected to validity and reliability testing prior to its administration. Results showed that both types of HEI have adequate ICT resources and comparably high extent of ICT utilization. Private HEIs, however, have significantly higher mean than public HEIs in terms of quality of ICT services. Multiple Linear Regression Analyses show that the

factors influencing ICT utilization of faculty are: type of HEI, ICT training, perceived attributes, adequacy of
ICT support, quality of ICT services, and level of ICT utilization. Diagnostic checking shows that only the model for instruction can be used as a general model for all selected HEIs Mindanao. Models for research, extension, and production are applicable only to those that participated in the study. Nevertheless, all models can be a source of valuable information for policy and decision makers especially in finding ways to increase faculty productivity in the four areas through optimization of ICT utilization. Similar studies may be conducted to develop general models for ICT utilization in instruction, research, extension, and production for all HEIs in Mindanao.
Filipino- Maranao Bi-Directional Language Translator with Text-to Speech Synthesizer
Jayson Q. Fallan, Israel B. Jamilan, Mohammad Ammar T. Rasuman, April V. Sacil and
Iluminada Vivien R. Domingo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Many people want to be understood by others and/or one to understand others many had involved themselves into development of machine translation—even Filipinos. According to researchers’ study, many were being involved in producing today’s generation translator but unfortunately, only a few has ever tried to translate domestic dialects into the national language which was understood by many—Filipino language. Because of this phenomenon, the researchers have decided to make a language translator using one of our Philippine dialects—Maranao language. The researchers chose Maranao because Muslim’s population here in the Philippines is continuously growing and most of them (almost 2/3) are using
Maranao. The researchers also included a speech synthesizer which will allow the user to listen to the translated words read by it. Based from the findings of the study entitled “Filipino – Maranao Bi-directional
Language Translator with Speech Synthesizer”, the researchers have yielded the following conclusions:
Filipino-Maranao Bi-directional Language translator is very efficient in performance and that it is excellently responsive and translate fast. Also, based on the summary of findings, the system is user-friendly as it is simple enough, easy to navigate and understand. The researchers recommend additional Maranao words and its counterpart in the database for a better and wider Filipino-Maranao and vice versa translation. Also, the researchers recommend further study and development of system’s speech synthesizer especially in the field of ponemangsuprasegmental (stress and intonation) which will enhance the proper pronunciation of words and also future researchers may improve latency between phonemes to establish proper timing in pronunciation of words therefore the words that will be spoken by the system will be clearly understandable.
ICT Competencies of Public School Teachers in a DepEd
District, Division of Laguna
Jaderick P. Pabico, CarlaEdith G. JImena and Aser B. Javier
The traditional way of teaching do not anymore provide the learners with all the necessary skills to survive in today's ICT**-enabled and ICT-dependent lifestyles. Instead, it is demanded that today's teachers must be prepared to provide ICT-supported learning opportunities to their learners. Being prepared to use ICT and being knowledgeable on how it can support the learning experience are integral skills that must already be an attribute of today's teachers. In this paper, we present the result of our study on measuring the ICT

competencies of public school teachers in the Cabuyao District, Division of Laguna. Our instrument for measuring competencies integrates three dimensions, namely Technological (TD), Cognitive (CD), and
Ethical (ED) dimensions. TD measures the capability to explore new technological contexts in flexible ways,
CD measures the capability to access, select, and critically evaluate information, and ED measures the capability to interact to other humans through ICT-enabled communication in a responsible way. This integration measures the capability of the respondents to understand the potential of ICT for collaborative knowledge building (ICT competency). Our 349 respondents are characterized demographically as follows:
90% are female, and 71% are in their productive and adaptive ages from 21-50. Most of the teachers in their 20s (80%) and some in their 30s (55%) showed capabilities to identify interfaces, select the most suitable ICT solution, organize data, and evaluate reliable information, while only a few of them (35%) are capable to safeguard themselves and understand social and technological inequality. Most teachers in their
30s and 40s showed capabilities to distinguish reality from the virtual world (77%), select and interpret visual data (82%), and respect other people online (95%). Therefore, the sampled teachers in this DEPED district are ICT competent and will be able to train their learners when provided with ICT support by the government.
Academic Program Tool Selection for Incoming College
Students Utilizing Knowledge-Based System
Don Bosco Technocal College
Knowledge-based systems have been very significant in solving wide range of problem in domains such as medicine, mathematics, engineering, geology, computer science, business, law and education. Within those mentioned domains, they have been used to solve problems of different types which involve diagnosis of human errors, design of a computer system and interpretation of data. The appropriate solving technique tends to depend more on the problem type than on the domain. The study is about the development of an online counseling knowledge-based system for assessing program selection of incoming college students. A knowledge-based system will help academic institutions for advising students on what course that fits them based on the aptitude test given to them. The system will automate the generation of the possible list of college programs that student can enroll based on the qualifications and standards inputted in the system. The study shows how a knowledge-based system can help in the advising of students in their program selection. The system provides an interface where a student will input his/her information that can determine what courses will fit him/her best. The system also provides an editor for editing, removing and adding rules for inference database. Although different schools have their own perspective in dealing with the possible course selection for upcoming students like entrance examination and a general weighted average quota, but still it is not enough gauge to filter students on to what course they really fit well. That will be one of the reasons why this study is made, that is, for the improvement of advising the students on what programs that best fit them.
Attendance Monitoring System Using Radio Frequency
Identification Device
Mary Jane Concepcion
Technological University of the Philippines

The study developed an Attendance Monitoring System to keep track of the attendance of faculty members and usage of lecture rooms. A centralized control of light and power circuits is integrated with the system to prevent lights and appliances being left switched on after classes. The prototype is composed of RFID, numeric keypad, magnetic door lock, power supply and electric circuits. This system operates in wireless router 1395 WLAN mini-card. The administrator programs the cards and the faculty member uses a card to open the room during his/her scheduled class, then inserts the card into the circuit slot to turn on the lights and outlets. The system also provides reports generation particularly the data on faculty attendance and summary of weekly work hours. The system was tested for the distance of RFID card to reader, time delay for the opening and closing of door, the operation of the electrical and electronics circuits, and the reliability of reports generated. Test results showed that there is an average time delay of 3 seconds to automatically open and close once a person has entered or exited the door, a distance of 7.5 cm between the card and reader, and generates daily attendance of faculty which secures the access of their login and log-out. The performance prototype was evaluated using TUP evaluation instrument for developed prototype which resulted to an “Excellent” rating with an overall mean of 4.77 which proves that the system can be used to monitor faculty members during their assigned classes.
Leveling Up: An Investigation into Students’ Learning
Experiences within a Role-Playing Game-Based System
Design for DEV C40 (Fundamental of Educational
Communication Technology) University of the Philippines,
Los Baños
Jon Paul Maligalig
University of the Philippines Los Baños
This case study sought to describe how learning occurred in an educational communication and technology class which used the d6 System, a role-playing game (RPG) – based learning system. Thirty-five students enrolled in DEVC 40 Section WX-1R, 2nd Semester AY 2012-13 were exposed to the d6 System, which turned the class into a game for learning (G4L). As the classes were being held, direct observation was done to gather data on student performance and behavior towards the course content and the learning system.
At the end of the semester, students were asked to participate in focused group discussions (FGDs) to elicit their ideas and perceptions on their experiences within the d6 System. The students found their experience with d6 as enjoyable, immersive, and engaging. The System and its activities enabled the students to have memorable learning experiences. The course content was made relevant and significant by the students because of the System’s activities. While the System was found to have some issues regarding balance, learning system management, and incompatibilities with formal education and “traditionalist” students,

the students considered d6 as “fun and motivational,” “practical and pragmatic,” “interactive and collaborative,” and “empowering.” This was reflected in the high degree of student performance (grades) and the students’ enthusiasm and motivation during class activities.
The Inquiry-Based Approached in Teaching and Learning
College Algebra
Freddie R. Cabreba
Isabela State University
Inquiry-based learning is a complex process where students formulate questions, investigate to find answers, build new understandings, meanings and knowledge, and then communicate their learnings to others (Alberta 2010). This study sought to determine the effectiveness of Inquiry-Based Learning Learning
Approach as an approach in teaching college algebra in the freshmen BSIT students of Isabela State
University, Cauayan City, Isabela. The researcher used quasi-experimental design which involved the 42
BSIT I–A and 43 BSIT I-B students of ISU-Cauayan City,Isabela. The BSIT I-A students was assigned as the experimental group exposed in inquiry-based learning while the BSIT I-B assigned as the control group who were exposed in the traditional lecture –discussion method. Both groups were heterogeneously group upon enrolment. The study started with the administration of pre-test, mathematics anxiety and attitude attitudes towards mathematics and it t ended with the administration of a post-test, mathematics anxiety and attitudes towards mathematics. The instruments used to gather data included the pre-test and post – test, mathematics anxiety questionnaire and mathematics attitude inventory test. The scores were compared and the significance of their differences were determined using the t-test. It was found out that students assigned and exposed in inquiry based learning had a significant effect on students’ ability to solve mathematical problems and have positive effects in their mathematical anxiety and attitudes towards mathematics.
Implementing Satellite Community Outreach Program for
Computer Literacy Utilizing E-Learning Technology
Raychelou Valenci, Raychelou Valencia, Alvin Teruel, Leiolani Salazar and Ferdinand Hassan Flojo
Arellano University
Innovations for community outreach programs have been shelved out by many academic institutions since most of them are focusing on instruction and research development. This paper presents how technology can play a vital role in the delivery of outreach programs, specifically computer literacy. The satellite model of extension services is also covered in this study. The satellite community outreach program denotes an extension service done remotely through the use of technology like e-learning. Different tools and strategies for implementing computer literacy programs are also tackled. In addition, issues and concerns in remote implementation of e-learning technology are highlighted to emphasize embedment of rules in developing systems meant for satellite community outreach program.
Indigenizing the Teaching of Social Studies in
Secondary Level
Marilyn Balmeo, Gayoso Rocky, Stefhan Angelo Payad and Alijohn Samdao

Saint Louis University
Indigenization is one of the challenges of education today especially in a diverse classroom where there are different students to handle. The purpose of this study is to determine if the teaching of Social Studies in the secondary level is being indigenized to cater to students especially here in Baguio City. A reliability test was conducted in BSU-High School, specifically the first year students or grade 7. The respondents are from
Baguio City National High School (BCNHS) by the use of a research questionnaire or survey. Results showed that the most common strategy used by the teacher in the teaching of Social Studies is the use of Filipino as a medium of instruction and also the most effective way in the teaching of Social Studies. The most common problem encountered by the students is teachers’ use of technological teaching aids in teaching
Social Studies. This means that it is still a process in BCNHS of indigenizing the teaching of Social Studies.
Teaching Styles and Student Learning Styles Preferences of the College of Teacher Education in BISU Clarin, Bohol
Ramil S. Bulilan
Bohol Island State University
Driven by the desire to heed the most common complaints from teachers about the apathy of their students towards learning the course, or the students towards the incompetence of some teachers in imparting the lessons, this study surveyed 17 faculty members and 67 senior students under the College of
Teacher Education of Bohol Island State University Clarin Campus, Clarin, Bohol on March - July 2012.The study primarily aimed to determine the relationship between the teaching styles and the student learning style preferences. It made use of a descriptive-correlational survey method with questionnaires coupled with informal interviews to students and teachers. Findings showed that there were no significant differences as to teaching experience towards teaching styles, and age and sex of students towards their learning styles. This means that whatever the length of teaching experience, teaching styles do not vary; that student’ ages do not affect their learning styles; and that whether male or female students, their learning styles were not affected. Using the Chi-square test of contingency, the correlation result was highly significant. This means that there is the best teaching style employed by the faculty, and best learning styles adopted among students. Where teachers were expert ones, this was matched with students who were sensing-thinking learners. In other words, if a student prefers such teaching style, the other students do the same. This further implies that the expert faculty members are able to get the learning needs of their students who are mostly sensing-thinking learners. This supports theories on the necessity of matching the teaching styles and learning styles to effect learning in the classroom as the ultimate goal in effective teaching. Furthermore, results from interview corroborated the findings of the study.
Levels of Questions Asked by College Mathematics Teachers
Lynette D. Perido
Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite
This study sought to determine the levels of questions asked by college mathematics teachers. The questioning levels of experienced and novice teachers were also compared and analyzed. Four college teachers were considered as samples, two experienced and two novice teachers. The Personal Data Sheet
(PDS) and the recorded class sessions were the instruments used in the study. The actual discussions of the four teachers in their Pre-calculus classes were recorded for three consecutive meetings. The Bachelor of

Science in Information Technology (BSIT) courses with forty students in each sections were the classes of the four sample teachers. Their levels of questioning were categorized according to Washington's six levels of questions as reflexive, framing, planning, reflective, predictive and gap. The categorizations were done by the researcher and experts. Results showed that experienced teachers usually asked questions under framing and planning and novice teachers were mostly focused on framing level. Only questions under the gap level were missed by experienced teachers while a novice teacher missed reflective, predictive and gap level questions. Interview method was done to further analyze the results. Samples were asked about the possible reasons why they were more engaged on the low level questions. According to the teachers, students could only answer questions on the lower level and the subject itself was more on computations.
The Development of Centralized Library System of the
Island State University
Renante S. Digamon and Dave E. Marcial
Bohol Island State University
Libraries play a vital role in the academe. With the advent of information technology, library systems help improve the efficiency of library processes. However, the six libraries of Bohol Island State University (BISU) face numerous challenges to survive and thrive as integral parts of campus environments. A centralized library system was proposed in order to help the university improve its performance, eliminate some identified problems and provide solution in the library services that is efficient, effective, user-friendly and real-time information system. The study was aimed to develop an automated library system that will centralize the six satellite libraries of BISU integrated with standard modules and functions of a computerized library system. The system is called the BISU-Lib that offers a module for centralization, acquisition, cataloging, circulation, reporting and Online Public Access Catalog. Microsoft Visual FoxPro,
PHP and MySQL are the tools used during development and a Rapid Application Development was implemented. Three testing procedures were administrated to evaluate the different aspects of the system which include system usability, web usability, and web accessibility. The usability of the system garnered a weighted mean of 6.4 with the interpretation of “Strongly Agree” which implies that the respondents strongly agree that the system is very highly usable. A description of “Very Good” with a weighted mean of
4.2 is rated by the respondents towards the web usability of the BISU-Lib which means that the system is very efficient and reliable in terms of navigation, functionality, user control, language and content, online help and user guides, consistency, error prevention and correction, and architectural and visual clarity. A web accessibility online tool was used in determining the site’s conformity to accessibility web standards.
The results showed that the web pages have no web accessibility problems. It is concluded that a centralized library system for BISU has been successfully developed that can eliminate the problems currently encountered in the library operations of the university. It is highly recommended that the proposed system be implemented in all the campuses of Bohol Island State University.
Online Barangay Lumbangan Information System
Benjie R. Samonte, Rachel Kim F. Bautista, Kielvin Joshua V. Cañete and Rennalyn C. Villaviray
Batangas State University

Many barangays still use the manual process of accommodating different transactions with their constituents which produces problems in keeping records, issuances of certificate of residency, barangay building permit, barangay business permit, barangay clearance, case report, health report, permit to transport, work permit and an indecency. This system improves the quality of service of Barangay
Lumbangan from their manual system. It helps the personnel from this barangay because of capability of holding archives or documents that is secured, efficient, reliable, accurate and functional. It aims to do their work easy and to lessen their paperwork: from clearances, permits, certificates to health records. In order to come up with an effective and reliable system, the researchers constructed a research design, the waterfall model, wherein the steps and procedures in developing the system were established. This form of presentation provided a useful pattern for the researchers to follow in developing the system. The randomly selected respondents were 9 officials including the secretary and the Barangay Chairman and 40
Barangay Health Workers (BHW) who were all bonafide residents of the said barangay. They evaluated the online barangay information system. Based on the findings, the proposed system resulted to a respectable rating as excellent and it also shows that it is more acceptable in all levels of acceptability. Significantly, findings showed that the proposed system increased achievement exposure to the office transactions of
Barangay Lumbangan. Likewise, the online system was confirmed more useful, complete and accepted based on evaluation than the existing system.
PHCIS: A Public Health Center Information System
Catherine C. Napinas, Evangelyn Lumantas and Dennis Jumawid
Bohol Island State University
Public health centers are institutions giving primary health care needs to populations in local communities.
Mostly, records are kept in folders and cabinets, consuming most of the clinic personnel’s time when retrieving information or generating reports. This study aimed to develop an information system to provide an efficient data management scheme for public health centers. Interview, direct observation and document review were conducted to five health centers ofCorella, Balilihan, Catigbian, Baclayon and Dauis to determine the processes of the manual method and its constraints as bases for designs of input, process, output and storage controls of the computerized system. The constraints involved slow data retrieval, usually took 10- 15 minutes; no proper streamlining of workflow , late in delivering reports and may produce inconsistent patients’ personal information. To resolve, PHCIS, a public health center information system was develop using Visual Basic 6 and implemented the database in MySql. Input trappings and validity rules were created to prevent entry of invalid data. Passwords were created both for the system and the database to ensure security and integrity. Five pilot testing were performed to evaluate the system’s functionality and efficiency. It is concluded that the system is stable and could be used immediately to empower public health centers an affordable health care services with an efficient and responsive patient data management system.
Development and Validation of Flora Inventory
Management System
Raymond S. Bermudez and Maria Cecilia G. Cantos
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation

This study aimed to develop and validate an information management system for flora inventory of Manuel
S. Enverga University Foundation Lucena City. The system was developed following the phases of Rapid
Application Development (RAD). This process involves the following stages: requirements planning through interviews with the flora inventory study proponents who technically know the flora inventory processes and its importance; user design for the development of the system models that represent all outputs, inputs, system process / features and database design of the system; and construction which focused on application development in which PHP, JavaScript, CSS, Adobe Dreamweaver, Apache server, and MySQL database were used in coding of the system. After the iterative process of user design and construction phases, system testing was conducted in order to validate the system features. The system testing involved the project developers and the flora inventory study proponents. From the validation results, it was concluded that the developed system has successfully attained the intended features. However, enhancement and additional features were suggested by the validators of the system. These will be incorporated to prepare the system for implementation. Among others, this research recommends the implementation of the system and its use to assist the on-going flora inventory in the university.
Interactive Arnis Training System
Vicente Reynaldo M. Estrella
Technological University of the Philippines
Filipino martial art is an ancient and newer fighting method devised in the Philippines, one of the least known is Arnis. The intrinsic need for self-preservation is the genesis of this system with added application of modern technology for users who have no knowledge in Arnis and have less time for physical activity due to busy schedule. This study developed an Interactive Arnis Training System aimed to provide the following features: (1)has instructions on basic exercises for Arnis; (2) provides position and stances applied in the basic strikes; (3) provides the 7 basic strikes learning of Arnis for beginners; and (4) the system is open for modifications of entries. The system covers seven (7) basic principles of striking techniques using a single stick (baston) for beginners, namely: Left Temple; Right Temple; Left Shoulder; Right Shoulder;
Right Knee; Left Knee; and the crown. The system is composed of a training prototype, computer system unit, microcontroller interface device, LCD flat TV, and Arnis stick. The prototype training system was subjected to several tests and results showed that the system provides accurate output based on the number of hits (correct strikes) against loss (wrong hits). Performance evaluation of the system conducted by 15 experts gained a “Very Good” rating with an average mean score of 4.45. This proves that the prototype training system is useful tool in training.
Instructional Ignition System Trainer: A Utility Model
Jimcel P. Pecaso
Partido State University
This study endeavored to propose, design and improve “Instructional Ignition System Trainer: A Utility
Model .” It is an attempt to answer and offer solution to the lack of instructional materials in Partido State
University (ParSU)-Tinambac Campus, Tinambac, Camarines Sur located far 27 kilometer from the main campus. The finishing point of this utility model would increase the teaching-learning outcome, since it will make available many chances for the trainees to widen variety of manipulative skills and make possible for them to acquire indispensable technical information in the automotive trades. It is for this reason why the

researchers designed and constructed a trainer/utility model to be used during laboratory activities in his automotive classes. The course of action follows Research and Development (R&D) process considering the different stages of construction such as designing and planning, preparing supplies and materials, assembling of parts and testing & revising defective parts. The methodological features of the gadget including the opinion of the respondents on the acceptability of the training device in terms of functionality and usability was given due emphasis. This utility model completely gives you an idea of the standard function of automotive ignition system used in instruction. The resourcefulness of the researcher/proponent came to realize a project useful to instruction at PSU-Tinambac campus. The researchers’ initiative, creativity and aspirations created a wonderful area for instruction conducive to learning. The proponent hereby recommended that improvisation of training devices is necessary to come up with an effective gadget usable in learning how automotive and machine works. The utility model can still be subjected for more innovative revisions to ensure workability of the trainer/utility model.
Students’ Loyalty as Determinants to MQCPI’s Success:
An Assessment Rommel
Joseph G. Lazatin
Mary the Queen College-Pampanga
This descriptive study attempted to determine if Students’ Loyalty can be used as a determinant to success of Mary the Queen College (Pampanga), Inc. Using the Net Promoter Score (NPS) survey a loyalty metric based on the principal that every company’s customer can be divided into three categories: A Promoter
(Loyal enthusiasts), they provide repeat business to a company and urge their friends to do the same.
Passive (satisfied but unenthusiastic), these customers could easily be swayed by the competition. And lastly, a Detractor (unhappy customers), have bad or nonexistent relationship with the school. 300
Students were asked at random "How likely is it that they would recommend the school to a friend or colleague?" and then provide a rating from 0 ("Not at all likely") to 10 ("Extremely likely"), where 9-10 rating is a promoter, 7-8 rating is a passive student, and 0-6 detractor. The formula (Promoter – Detractor/the total respondents) was used in getting the NPS score of the ultimate question. Drivers were added to support the ultimate question, items such as Facilities, Tuition Fee, Faculty/Teachers, Location, Learning
Environment, Courses offered, and Curriculum of each program using the same NPS survey format. Driver
Analysis was done to help understand the factors that influence loyalty. This analysis attempts to indentify the attributes that are most correlated with loyalty (as measured by NPS), and illustrates areas where you are under (or over) delivered. This information can then be used to prioritize the investment of capital, time, and resources into areas that will yield the highest return in student loyalty. As revealed in the study the attribute that has the highest NPS score is the “Faculty/Teachers having 54.67% which correlates that students are promoter/loyal because of their teachers and the attribute that makes them a detractor is
“Facilities” having -53.33% NPS. The NPS of the ultimate question is 37.67% which is over the ideal score in the Service Industry. This study could still be further explored to know the reason why a greater number of students passively answered to the survey.
Knowledge and Understanding Development about Thai’s
Matters of Law for Governance Improvement
Piboon Vitoonpanyakul
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat University, Thailand

The purposes of present study were to investigate the development of students’ understanding in Thai law, to promote the good governance, to compare students’ learning achievement of Thai law (Law on Courts
Organization Course), and to investigate students’ suggestion towards lessons concerning Thai law (Law on
Courts Organization Course). The present study is experimental research. Population and sample consisted of students from Law on Courts Organization Course in D1 and D2, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat
University, Semester 1 st Academic year 2012. The research instruments were the lessons concerning Thai law (Law on Courts Organization Course) including lessons, teaching materials, and test analysis using the understanding of 3 rd year students in good governance to analyze Thai law (Law on Courts Organization
Course). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, means, comparing learning achievement between the experimental and control groups using percentages. The experimental group was the students who studied via Thai law and the control group was the students who did not study via Thai law. The results found that comparing the percentages of scores in the levels of understanding between experimental group who studied via Thai law (Law on Courts Organization Course) and control group who did not study via Thai law (Law on Courts Organization Course) to promote good governance revealed that according to
5 levels of means, all of the samples including male and female students presented distinctively higher means of good understand, understand, fair, and nearly understand than mean of non-understand. This implied that the results of study were in good criteria because most of the students understood in lessons.
From Macro to Microscale Experiments in Chemistry:
A Cost Analysis
Agnes R. Pesimo
Partido State University
The study was aimed to analyze the cost effectiveness of using microscale experiments in chemistry. Specifically, the study compared the performance of the students who used the macroscale and microscale experiments. This also evaluated the percent cost of reduction and cost effectiveness ratio when microscale experiments was used. The study used the randomized pre-posttest experimental design. Treatment was done by using the microscale experiments to the experimental group and the macroscale experiments to the control group. Twelve experiments were performed by the students on measurement, properties of matter, molecular models, acids and bases, solutions, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, gases, thermochemistry and electrochemistry. The academic performance of the two groups were compared using the t-test. Cost analysis was done by getting the percent cost reduction and cost effectiveness ratio. Findings revealed that the proficiency level of the students in the microscale group is significantly higher than those in the macroscale group. Using microscale experiments can reduce the cost of materials by 62% and it is cost effective by a factor of 5. It can be concluded that microscale experiments in chemistry can effectively improve the performance of the students even when the materials used were indigenous and low cost. This study recommends the use of microscale experiments as an alternative way of developing the students’ level of proficiency in chemistry and in addressing issues and concerns involved in Chemistry education such as the high cost and inadequacy of chemistry supplies and materials.
Special Needs of Students with Hearing Impairment and Challenges in the Special Education
Helene D. Daya

Southern Luzon State University
This study assessed the special needs and challenges in Special Education (SPED) of the students with hearing impairment in Paaralang Sekundaya ng Lucban, Quezon. Findings of the study served as a basis for proposed intervention plans. Descriptive qualitative-quantitative method of research was used in this study. By the qualitative method, the researcher used comparative multiple case study to find out the special needs of the six (6) students with hearing impairment. Quantitative method was used to measure the level of challenges encountered in delivering SPED Class at Paaralang Sekundarya ng Lucban.
Standardized tests, observations, interviews, and check-ups were used to identify their special needs.
Survey questionnaires on the challenges encountered at PSL-SPED Class were distributed to fifty (50) stakeholders. Data gathered were treated using tabulation, frequency distribution, percentage, and weighted mean. It was found out that most of the students with hearing impairment are aged 15 to 22 years old, three males and three females, enrolled in their second year high school, have not yet assessed to know their level of hearing impairment, and belong to low-income family. In terms of physical needs, they need to undergo visual and dental check-ups as well as audiological evaluation. In terms of psychosocial needs, they need to improve their personal social skills and adaptive skills. In terms of educational needs, there is a need to follow-up the previous school records and to overcome their learning skill disabilities. Lastly, in terms of medical needs, there are no areas which need urgent treatment. Moreover, it was found out that funding and personnel are perceived by the stakeholders as “generally a problem” while the behavior, instruction, and support to SPED services are perceived to be “slightly a problem”.
Moreover, it was concluded that the students with hearing impairment enrolled in the PSL-SPED Class need to be assessed through audiological assessment, to improve their personal social skills and adaptive skills which are affected by their disability, and to overcome their learning skill disabilities. On the other hand, the challenges encountered in the delivery of SPED services to hearing impaired students mostly arise in funding and personnel areas. The proposed intervention plans specifically addressed the needs and challenges that prevail in this study. Furthermore, the researcher recommended submission of the proposed intervention programs to the authorities, periodic assessment of the special needs of the students with hearing impairment, orientation of all the members of the school community with the entire
SPED program, involvement of the parents and other members of the community in planning Individualized
Education Program (IEP) and in implementing the programs, establishment of policies and methods for evaluation of the students’ progress and of the intervention plans.
Assessing the Competence Level of Preschool Teachers in Baguio City
Joselito Castro Gutierrez
Saint Louis University
Free the child's potential and you will transform him into the world. Any move for change has to begin at some point in time. Consequently, the move for any change is hinged on two basic principles: a) the urgency for change and b) the readiness of the society to adapt to the proposed change/s. Taking these two principles in, the fight for change is deemed most urgent in the level of education upon which children start to invest their time in school for the purposes of acquiring knowledge, skills and adapting values. Early
Childhood Education beyond anything else is the forefront for individual development as it indisputably gives a great impact to the totality of a person. It goes without saying that experiences of a person during his childhood years take a major role in the construction of values and principles that the person will embody in a lifetime. In line with the implementation of the K-12 curriculum in the Philippines, this study

aimed to assess the competence level of preschool teachers. There were four standards considered which include content, pedagogy, assessment, and professional development . To gather data, questionnaires adopted from the National Competency Based Teacher Standard (NCBTS) and United Nations Educational,
Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was utilized. The questionnaires that provide the indicators for each area were distributed to 22 Baguio City based, permanent, public, preschool teachers that were categorized according to the following groups (a) degree and (b) number of years teaching in preschool.
Follow-up interviews were conducted to explain and validate the results of the research. Based on teachers’ perspective, teachers view themselves as Highly Competent to Very Highly Competent making them qualified enough to teach in preschool.
Comparative Analysis of Organizational Health of Public and Private Schools In Manila: Basis for Proposed
Organizational Development
Angelina E. Borican
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
This study sought to compare and analyze the state of organizational health of public and private secondary schools in Manila. It is a descriptive research which used both quantitative and qualitative research design.
The population covered by the study is the public and private secondary schools in Manila. High school teachers from 23 public schools and 20 private schools answered the standard instrument called
Organizational Health Inventory for Secondary Schools (OHI-S) developed by Feldman and Hoy (2000).
Findings of the study reveal that secondary schools, both public and private, are in place in all the six legislative districts of Manila. Most of the public and private high schools scored well in each of the seven dimensions of organizational health, with some schools scoring even “above average”. However, when these dimensions are taken collectively in terms of their overall health index, a better state is seen in more private schools as compared to public schools. There is no significant difference in the health scores of schools when grouped according to location but when scores are grouped according to the other indicators of profile, there is significant difference. When scores are grouped according to private and public schools, the dimensions principal influence and institutional integrity show significant difference.
Building Safety and Resilience: A Study on Disaster
Preparedness at ISU Cauayan Campus as a
Basis for Creating a Disaster Training Program
Precila C. Delima, Paul Angelo A. Tamayo, Ricmar P. Aquino and Vicente L. Quinto
Isabela State University
The impacts of climate change had been a constant reality for majority of the Filipinos affecting many local communities including the province of Isabela. In addition, with the devolution of the power of the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) to the local government units as the primordial agency in managing the effects of disaster in a particular locality, one of the most important agent as a vehicle for disaster management is the school which plays a versatile role in the communities as

the impact of disaster becomes more pervasive. Thus, this study was geared towards determining the disaster preparedness of Isabela State University – Cauayan as basis for building a safe and resilient school using a Descriptive Research Design. Respondents were selected by convenient sampling for the faculty members and staff while Sloven’s formula was used for the students and interviewed them using a structured survey questionnaire on disaster preparedness. Data’s were analyzed using descriptive statistics together with simple frequency, percentage and ranking. The exploration yielded that the respondents have extreme concern and great confidence with their knowledge that they are prepared with disaster is not coupled with appropriate training, planning and management programs as well as monitoring and evaluation of the disaster management process. Thus, this investigation recommends the conduct of disaster trainings and different disaster drills every year to update measures on disaster prevention, planning of disaster management master plan of the school, creation of information and education campaign materials for posting and distributions to the stakeholders of the school with the inclusion of the emergency directory of key officials that needs to be contacted during a disaster.
United Nations Framework Conventions on
Climate Change Policies: A Comparative Analysis
Karl Patrick S. Casas, Anelyn P. Bendoy and Edwatd Laurence L. Opena
Cebu Normal University
This paper compares and analyzes the efficiency of the previous and current protocols on the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) as mandated by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC). The dimensions for the analyses include technical feasibility, net benefit analysis and the political possibility and administrative ease. Using the method of rational choice theory, the current revision which was amended in Bali, Indonesia in 2007 appeared to be the most efficient followed by Kyoto (1992) and
Rio de Janeiro (1998). A more detailed analysis is greatly encouraged.
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by the Ifugaos: Its Implication to Indigenous
Pharmacology and Biodiversity
Paul Angelo A. Tamayo
Isabela State University
The mega – diverse Philippine archipelago including the mountain hills of Aguinaldo, Ifugao is dependent upon the interplay of its wide array of resources. With the rich cultural heritage that the province has to offer among its three unique ethno – linguistic group, poor documentation pertaining to medicinal plant utilization among the Ayangan Tribe have been noted despite the fact that the locality is inhabited and harbored by species of locally grown medicinal plants, floristic diversity and vegetation ecosystem service, which plays an important role in the life of the people. Thus, this study was geared towards the investigation of the medicinal plants used and utilization (socially and economically), and conservation practices employing the Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA). Respondents were selected using the convenient sampling method and interviewed qualitatively in a semi – structured way. The inventory resulted with 36 species belonging to 24 families having Asteraceae with 9 species, 3 species to Poaceae and Euphorbiaceae . Urinary tract infection, loose bowel movement, and wound were the topmost medicinal plant indication, mostly prepared by decoction and concoction. Leaves were the frequently used part and conserved through

terrestrial farming trailed with backyard planting for those medicinal plants which are utilized for food and livelihood purposes. But with the introduction of modern medicine and healthcare structures,medicinal plants still play a crucial role in the sphere of human health in Aguinaldo, Ifugao. Withthe ethnomedicinal property emanating from the present study, it needs to be subjected to pharmacological studies in order to explore the veracity of their potential as it is very difficult to judge the effectiveness of folk medicine.
Parasites of Cultured Tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus Linn.) from Laguna Lake
Michele T. Bono and Karizza T. Yambao
Cavite State University
Fishes can make a significant contribution to the nutrient needs of humans. Negligence on fish health situation and proper sanitation has led to high incidences of diseases caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic origin. This study was conducted to identify parasites present in cultured tilapia; determine the level of parasitism among cultured tilapia in three municipalities along Laguna Lake; assess the effect of parasitism on length and weight of cultured tilapia; determine the physico-chemical characteristics of water where fishes are cultured; identify the symptoms of parasitized tilapia; and the relationship of physicochemical characteristics of water to symptoms of parasitism. Fish cages from three municipalities along
Laguna Lake, namely Calamba, San Pedro and Muntinlupa were selected as sampling sites. Ten samples of tilapia were randomly collected using scoop net or bait fishing at monthly interval for a period of three months from September to November, 2012. Prior to dissection, total length (cm) and weight (kg) were measured. Water samples were collected and the physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids were determined. A total of 90 cultured tilapia were examined macroscopically for the presence of intestinal parasites. Out of 90 tilapia, 58 (64.44%) were parasitized, in which the municipality of Muntinlupa has the highest level of parasitism (27.78%) followed by San Pedro
(20%) and Calamba has the lowest percentage (16.67%). Parasites affecting cultured tilapia were isolated and identified as Acanthosentis . Parasitism significantly changed the morphological characteristics of tilapia like stunted fins, pale gills, pale skin, damaged intestine and damaged liver. The length of parasitized tilapia is significantly affected by the physico-chemical characteristics of the water such as pH, TDS and DO. The level of damage is significantly aggravated by the changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of water.
Automotive Electrical Electronic Parts Checker with
Built-In Battery Charger
Mario J. Aycardo and Ernesto O. Lim
Bicol University Polangui Campus
An automotive-electronic parts checker is one of the most important gadgets used in performing servicing tasks. It is used in checking battery conditions and its connections, starting system and starting motor parts, ignition system supply voltage and its components and some electronic parts in the automobile and charge weak automobile batteries. It is a gadget that facilitates the systematic procedure in trouble tracing, troubleshooting and can be used analyzing automobile electrical system troubles, and serves as a practical and efficient instructional device for demonstration purposes. It aids in facilitating teaching-learning activities which is convenient for both teachers and students for laboratory activities considering its design.
With the aid of this gadget, the students can develop new ideas that will help them acquire learning

competencies, techniques and become technology conscious and promote discovery learning, gain creative skills, learn quickly and easily. Thus, with the aid of this device, the learner will develop their initiative and self-confidence, acquire more technical knowledge and servicing techniques. These are needed in their field of work and facilitate servicing jobs faster at a lesser period of time, thus, promote quality service.
Basically, the study intends to develop the students’ manipulative skills to the fullest by using the gadget and following the operating procedures or the user’s guide found in the manual. The procedure was presented in checking automotive electrical or electronic parts are clearly and properly identified so that the user can perform the task easily. In order to avoid ruining the gadget, the users should follow the safety precautions stipulated in the manual.
Simulator and Advisory Software for PC Troubleshooting
Javi Anne O. Interno
Technological University of the Philippines
The research entitled “Development of a Simulator and Advisory Software for PC Troubleshooting” was developed to help users on how to troubleshoot PC problems. The project provides the user to understand how to repair a PC problem through the display of an array or menu of PC problems for them to choose a specific problem and an advisory simulation for each step through video, audio and text format. Its content is updatable by the administrator and users anytime they want. Its simulation is compose of actual demonstration on how to perform the task as required in each step troubleshoot with a voice instruction in each step. Adobe Photoshop and Unity 3D was used in designing PC parts to create videos. The used of
VB.net 2010 is to design and create the Graphical User Interface (GUI) that user can interact with. The developed system runs on the Windows Operating System platform. The software was subjected for evaluation in terms of functionality, usability, reliability, performance and supportability. As a result out of
30 evaluators composed of IT expert, computer technicians, PC troubleshooting instructors, and PC users the project garnered a numerical mean rating of 4.48 with a descriptive rating of “Excellent”. This attest that the project performed according to the desired outcome; hence it can be useful and effective software to assist users who are not conversant in PC repair and maintenance.
Sociological and Historical Analysis of Anton Chekov’s
Selected Short Stories
Lito L. Diones
Cebu Normal University
This research gives light to the problems experienced by Russian people during a tumultuous period in history as they portray in vivid characterizations and detail in Chekov’s works of fiction. This study aims to focus on the social impact, importance and influence of Chekov’s works as they explore the concerns of an autocratic society on the verge of new age. The issues that beset Russian society during a crucial period in history had deep, resounding impacts that altered the lives of the people at the time. The method used in this investigation is discourse analysis. This study mainly analyzes the social issues, problems, historical milieu and strong characterizations in Chekhov’s In the Graveyard, The Cossack, and Rothschild’s Fiddle. It was found out that the issues and problems in Russian Society in the short stories are moral corruption, escapist, and alcoholism, subordination of women, marginalization of Jews, fatal mentality and poor state of the Tsar’s own Cossacks. Anton Chekov stories are reflections of his experience because Chekhov’s grandfather was a serf who bought his freedom, and his father worked in and owned a grocery shop. The

social hierarchy roles of the characters in the stories are town-dwellers, peasantry, military estate, and inorodtsy. Based on the findings, the stories of Chekov transport readers into the lives of personalities of the Russian society as they come to realizations about life and incidents that shape them.
Mga Institutusyong Itinatag ng mga Amerikano
Laban sa mga ‘Taong-Labas’, 1902-1907
Caroline C. Lontoc
Cavite State University
Ang pag-aaral na ito ay naglahad ng mga institusyong itinatag ng mga Amerikano upang mawakasan ang mga ‘taong-labas’ sa Katagalugan- Batangas, Kabite, Laguna, at Rizal. Ang mga ‘taong-labas’ ay mailalarawan bilang mga dating ‘insurektos’ na naging mahigpit na kaaway ng mga Amerikano. Para maisagawa ang pag-aaral, isang pananaliksik historikal ang ginawa. Kaugnay ng pag-aaral, nilinaw kung sino ang mga ‘taong-labas’ ayon sa pananaw ng mga Amerikano at mga Pilipino. Ito ay isinagawa upang makita ang iba’t- ibang dahilan o motibo ng mga Amerikano sa pagwasak sa kanila. Mula sa pag-aaral, lumalabas na naging mabisa ang pagtatayo ng mga Amerikano ng mga institusyong laban sa mga ‘taong-labas.’
Makikita ang mabilis na pagtugon ng mga Pilipino upang maging kaanib ng Konstabularya ng Pilipinas at ng
Philippine Scout at ang kasigasigang matupad ang kanilang tungkuling manguna sa paghuli sa mga taong gumugulo sa pamahalaan partikular ang mga ‘taong-labas.’ Kalaunan, kasabay ng pagtugis sa mga ‘taonglabas’ ang pagpapatupad ng mga polisiyang atraksyon ng mga Amerikano na pinangunahan ng mga elit, ang mga taong bayan ay napasunod din sa pagtataboy at paghuli sa mga ‘taong-labas.’ Ilan pa nga sa kanila ay naging mga espiya, boluntaryong pwersa at municipal police na kasama sa pagtugis sa mga ‘taong-labas’ sa mga kabundukan at kagubatan. Ang pagkahuli, pagkabilanggo o ang pagkapatay sa mga ‘taong-labas’ ng mga Pilipinong pwersa ay nangangahulugan ng pagtatamo ng kapayapaan at kaayusan sangayon sa mga
Amerikano.
A Phenomenology of the Death March
Sonny Rae I. Fernando
Mariano Marcos State University
This study focused on the war experiences of the World War II veterans who survived the infamous Death
March and what these meant to them. This qualitative study employed the phenomenological method in collecting and analyzing the subjective narrative data gathered relative to the phenomenon studied. Eight living veterans residing in Ilocos Norte were the informants. They were identified utilizing the purposive sampling technique. The primary method of data collection was one-on-one interview with the veterans as primary data sources and with close relatives as additional sources using an interview guide that was validated before it was used. Secondary data were gathered through analysis of pertinent documents that the respondents were keeping. Interviews were ended when the researcher discovered that saturation level was reached as manifested by the repetition of already furnished information. This study affirms the idea that the veterans of the Death March suffered a lot and their experiences have different meanings, either good or bad but they treasure these experiences. This study also made the researcher admire the courage and will to survive of these veterans who enabled them to endure the ordeals and sufferings caused by the Japanese during the Death March. It also helped him realize that life is sweeter after you have tasted its bitterness.

Revisiting the BASI Revolt of 1807: It’s Historical and
Axiological Relevance
Jayson L. Antonio and Celerino F. Ancheta
Mariano Marcos State University
This study focused on the historical and axiological relevance of the Basi Revolt of 1807. Basi is a homemade sugar cane wine of the Ilocanos. This historical research employed archival work method in gathering and collecting data. Since most of the documents were written in Spanish, the researcher sought the help and assistance of an accredited Spanish interpreter/translator. The voluminous data gathered were grouped, sorted out, and dealt with according to precipitating events, the phases of the revolt, the aftermath of the revolt, the key players, the causes of the revolts in general and the historical and axiological relevance of the Basi Revolt. Archival documents were carefully studied and analyzed and therefrom, themes and subthemes were drawn out and presented in narrative forms. The significant events of the Basi Revolt as identified in the study are: the disruption of the lifestyle of the Ilocanos, loss of a major source of livelihood, pent-up frustration and anger over Spanish abuses, social desperation, inspiration from the Ilocano revolts, the outbreak of the rebellion and the march toward the south, the Garasgas Bridge and the defeat of
Escobedo, the re-structuring of the defense by the Augustinian friars, conclusion of the revolt, the defeat of the insurgents, the aftermath of the revolt and the causes of the revolt in general.
Political Economy of Conflict:
The Case of Southeastern Mindanao
Sherlito C. Sable
University of Southeastern Mindanao
The study was conducted to determine the conflict profile of Southeastern Mindanao, its conflict actors, conflict causes, power relations dynamics, political economy, and conflict resolution and negotiation framework. Both primary and secondary data were used. Key informant interviews, focused individualized interviews, and focused group discussions were conducted to generate primary data from conflict stakeholders, while secondary data were sourced from reports of concerned relevant offices engaged in peace and conflict activities. Conflict analysis, power analysis, and political analysis complemented with narrative analysis and thematic analysis were used to analyze data. Qualitative analysis showed that conflict in Southeastern Mindanao is caused by structural, proximal and other triggering factors. The patterns of analysis revealed a discernable evidence that conflict is caused by weak governance, monopoly of the powerful segments of Southeastern Mindanao manifested in the control of access of natural resources depriving the ordinary folks in benefiting economically the fruits of natural endowments such as land, water, minerals, and forests, human rights violations, and other forms of propaganda. The study concluded that weak governance breeds conflict. Its inability to deliver public goods to the communities strengthens the Left to mobilize its shadow government. Evidence showed that for peace to thrive in Southeastern

Mindanao a negotiation framework anchored on structural change and good governance within the framework of constitutional imperatives be pursued. It is recommended that governance in terms of the apparatus of the state: its bureaus, departments, and all of the three branches of government be strengthened by reaffirming the norms of good governance: transparency, accountability, rule of law, empowerment, participation, and predictability. Peace and negotiation be decentralized by adopting a community based conflict analysis; and Conflict between the government of the Republic of the Philippines and the National Democratic Front be resolved at the local level.
Changing the Landscape of the Neighborhood:
The Internationalization of Local Community in Pampanga
Mercedes Q. Cabling and Sarah C. Alvarez
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
This study aimed to document changes in the OFW families which may have social and cultural effects on the community to which they belong. Twenty five percent of the households in Malino, Mexico, Pampanga chosen as respondents belonged to OFW family. The study focused on the survey component of documenting the socio-demographic changes in the profile of OFW families using the descriptive method of research in both qualitative and quantitative approach. Findings reveal that there were more fathers/husbands working abroad as laborers/unskilled workers in the country but migrated to United Arab
Emirates/Middle East as skilled or market sales workers. Their previous salary was only Php 6,000/month but it significantly increased to Php 99,000.00 while working abroad. With this increase in salary, the support from relatives had been reduced considerably. Out of the remittances being sent by family member, OFW families were able to acquire some real and personal properties. The highest amount of expenditures incurred comprised foods and basic needs which were purchased from malls and supermarkets. It is also notably observed that expenditures on telephone and internet bills significantly increased due to frequent communication. Basketball was a popular recreation game of OFW families. One of the top priorities of migrant workers is the investment on house building and repair. It is noted in the findings that there were no significant changes in the attendance of OFW children in the type of schools, means of transportation and presence of tutors. There is a high involvement of nucleus family in decision making particularly on family expenses and on who takes care of the children. While working abroad, participation of OFW families in social and civic activities such as in school, church and livelihood projects in the community were evident but not significant.
Self Sufficiency and Empowerment through
Community Education: The Caputatan Model
Jennifer D. Pano
Cebu Normal University
Education has been the flagship program of Cebu Normal University (CNU). It has committed itself to help
Caputatan Norte Elementary School particularly on their Science and Math performance. Several collaborative steps were conducted after the benchmarking to ensure that the most urgent need(s) is addressed. The E – HELP (Education, Health, Environment, Livelihood and Peace) extension program initiated by CNU envisioned fulfilling its vital functions as partners in community development. Science and Math Made Easy explored innovative teaching interventions in these subject areas. Indicator of the efficacy of the intervention was the Regional Achievement Test Performance (RAT) of the school. The

concept benchmarked on the level of performance of elementary pupils (grades III and VI) in the Regional
Achievement Test (Science: 63.7%; Math: 70.9%) results in 2009. This qualitative-quantitative study made use of survey and quasi-experimental designs, with block sampling of respondents. Series of interventions like face-to-face tutorials, group tutorials and several collaborative learning were employed. Pupils’ performance rating in the Science Aptitude resulted to an increase from 63.7% to 77.61% for RAT, 2010 -
2011and from 77.61% to 80.52% (School Scorecard on Pupil's Academic Performance for RAT, 2011 - 2012).
While these initiatives indicated increase in the performance in Science and Math during the Regional
Achievement Tests, further, it also reflected the transformation of the school community to its elevated status of self-sustenance.
Digital Societies, Ageing Societies: Divergences, Intersections and Lacunae in Official and Academic Discourse
Damien Spry
Hallym University, South Korea
This paper examines official and academic discourses associated with ageing societies and digital societies.
It identifies the themes, narratives and ideologies that dominate each respective discourse through a critical meta-analysis of (1) the academic literature associated with digital media use by older users and (2) official public documents on government policy as relates to digital ageing societies, with a focus on South
Korean, Japanese, Australian and EU case studies. The analysis outlines the hitherto dominant discourses evident in the fields of (especially new and digital) media studies and ageing studies (social gerontology) as well as pointing to significant gaps or lacunae in each respective field. The paper highlights how the discourses have developed along divergent epistemological trajectories, and where they exhibit signs of overlap or intersection, and discusses the consequences of these divergences, intersections and lacunae for both policy and scholarly inquiry. The results suggest that while historically the fields of new media studies and social gerontology have had little to say to one another, this began to change in the previous decade as new media became more commonplace and societies aged. However, unlike important developments in the critical study of new and digital media among younger populations, there remains a great deal to be done, both conceptually and in terms of empirical work, with respect to older users of new and digital media. This paper concludes with a set of conceptual provocations aimed at stirring interest in taking up this challenge.
Vote Buying Practices:
Perspectives of the Philippine Electoral System
Ferdinand T. Abocejo
Cebu Normal University
The general lack of civil rights, political freedom and confidence in the judicial system, the deceleration of economic growth coupled with inequitable income distribution, among others, have given rise to the civil uprising among the middle eastern and north African countries. This paper reviewed and explained the implications of the uprisings in Egypt, Libya and Syria on the Philippine economy. The analysis gave emphasis of the crisis impact on the deployment of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in these countries and their repatriation because due to the massive unrest which unfavorably hit the employment sector.
The study also investigated the Philippine government’s contingency policies and strategies in assisting the

repatriated OFWs’. Secondary data from various government agencies were gathered and analyzed.
Descriptive statistical analysis were carried to substantiate the economic evaluation. Findings revealed that repatriated OFWs’ from Egypt, Libya and Syria increased in 2011 than in the preceding year with the largest group coming from Libya. The repatriation resulted to a substantial decline in the Philippines’ foreign reserve as OFWs’ play crucial roles in sustaining the Philippine Economy through their remittances. To ensure greater accessibility and faster response to the needs of the OFWs’ affected in the conflict, the
Philippine government through its various national line agencies, provided trainings on skills upgrading, entrepreneurship, and livelihood loan assistance. Finally, the reduced remittances from the three studied countries downplayed the Philippines’ dollar reserve and slowed down the employment sector’s performance. At the policy level, the Philippines should provide local employment opportunities for
Filipinos to work in the country than risking their lives going abroad. Also, displaced OFWs’ may be redeployed into safe and stable countries for possible employment.
The Political Communication of the Acehnese Society
A Case Study of Local Wisdom of the
Gampong Governance-Aceh Understanding
Umaimah Wahid
Budi Luhur University, Indonesia
This research uses the political communication theory, local culture, system, social structure and local wisdom. The Acehnese political communication starts from gampong and embraces all individual inclusively. The political processes and the gampong governance (village) in Aceh are held in meunasah which is a learning and community centre of the Acehnese society. The Acehnese political structure and system are determined by the Acehnese socio-culture which has been subsisting since the Acehnese kingdom of King Iskandar Muda. It has been preserved and reapplied as Aceh is legally allowed to implement a special autonomy for Islamic shari’a. The system and structure is a form of the local treasure in which the Acehnese society is developed. The research utilizes a constructivism paradigm that is to try to understand, explain and interpret meanings and ongoing social interactions. Qualitative and case study methods are used hand in hand with the field research. The techniques of collecting data of this research are intensive observation and interview expected to unveil the local wisdom and the typically Acehnese values within the Acehnese political communication system and process. the key informants are focused for the data collection are those are considered the political communicators who govern within structure and the gampong governance system such as kechiek, imuem meunasah, tuha peut and the Acehnese people as a political community. The political communicators are the apparatus who are in power to govern in the running system. In addition, observation is conducted to discover and describe the political communication processes. The research results are the process and structure of the political communication in accordance with the Acehnese socio-cultural values as a unit of local wisdom. System and structure of the Acehnese socio-culture become a force in the political and social processes in Aceh for a long time starting from the first-level governance –gampong. The governance of the Acehnese society is the first-level governance proven effective in advancing the Acehnese society. This governance system is expectedly preserved along with the common governance system of the same level. The political communicators like kechiek, imeum and tuha peut govern based on fixed job descriptions without overlapping and violating each other. Kechiek as the head of government, imeum as the religious and social leader as well as intellectuals while tuha peut (social figures) is a party who gives suggestions and

considerations for government, about religious and social issues including economic and political issues in order to resolve conflicts within society.
Design and Implementation of an Acoustic-Based Car
Engine Fault Diagnostic System in the Android Platform
Roy Francis Navea and Edwin Sybingco
De La Salle University – Laguna
This study aims to design and implement an acoustic-based car engine fault diagnostic system in the
Android platform. The system is in the form of an Android application which can run on any phone with an
Android operating system. A smart phone running in the Android operating system is used in order to analyze the sounds coming from the car engine. The smart phone is simply placed at an approximate distance of 1-foot away from the engine assembly. Fault diagnosis covers engine start problem detection, drive-belt analysis and tune-up detection based on valve clearance. Each fault is analyzed individually and sample engine acoustics are obtained per engine fault mentioned. The system is equipped with signal processing algorithms using Fourier transforms and spectral power densities that process the sounds obtained in order to come up with a diagnostic result and further recommend some possible solutions. The algorithm is based on the correlation coefficient of the spectral power densities (SPD), collected using two distinct clustering techniques (spectral power sum and spectral power hop), of the audio signals (test and reference engine sounds) which are fed into a fuzzy logic inference system for classification. The design and implementation of the engine fault diagnostic system was made successful in a smart phone running in the
Android platform. Fault signatures were made and were used as a reference for fault detection. Results show that the system was able to diagnose the engine faults on the target model as well as with other brands of cars.
Local Rice Analyzer Using Computer Vision
Mary Regina B. Apsay
Our Lady of Fatima University
Philippines is one of the rice exporters around Asia. Most of farmers around the country are planting rice, because Filipino people use rice as their staple food. They must consume rice that is in good quality to ease their hunger and also for health reason. Behind this, rice inspectors are carefully inspecting rice that will be out in the market and be consumed by Filipinos. The main of objective of the study is to develop a system that can specify the color, size, edge and shape of a kernel and to be able to differentiate the classification of each kernel based on its qualification. The subjects of the study are inspector, farmers and rice field owners. .The proponents developed a system that can separate the class a, class b and class c base on its classification. The proponents developed a system that can capture the rice image then the image is analyzed, the result can be saved and it can add other new type of the rice. The proponents developed a system that can save the data result information. In the developed system the database can easily manage the information of rice and can save the result information of the sample kernel. The proponents developed a system that is properly running. The proponents developed a system that is consisting in giving the

appropriate result. The proponents developed a system that can be used by different rice field in the
Philippines.
SIM Key Activated Security Lock System with SMS and
Email Notification Alert
Mario Lord S. Luna
Angeles University Foundation
This research offers a new technique in the field of security system. The following report details the development and implementation of a SIM Key Activated Security Lock System with SMS and Email
Notification Alert. It facilitates the functionality of a security lock system using a microcontroller-based electronic circuit which is interfaced with GSM module that recognizes the use of SIM cards to gain access to the system. It has the capability to use and accept blocked and inactive SIM cards from the telecoms provided that these SIM cards are registered in the system. The system is integrated with vibration sensor and a self-triggered camera that is activated when there is a brute force applied to the system. The system has application software and it was developed using Visual Basic 6.0 that is capable of capturing, saving and sending a copy of the image automatically via Email to the email address of the recipients. Also, the system is capable of sending notifications via Short Messaging Services (SMS) in various conditions such as intrusion alert, use of unregistered SIM cards, and power interruption. Testing was conducted on the developed system performing various experiments such as SIM Key Authentication Accuracy, System’s SMS and Email
Notification Capability, Vibration Sensor and Alarm Functionality, Reception of SMS Notifications in three different locations, using three different networks at different times to validate the effectiveness, accuracy, reliability and performance of the system. Results of the tests conducted shows that the level of accuracy of the system is 100 percent in SIM Key Authentication and System’s SMS and Email. The network coverage using SUN, GLOBE and SMART was found to have an effect in sending and receiving the messages. The rate of sending the message to the cell phone depends on the performance of the network for a particular time and may vary indefinitely. Overall, results shows objectives of the study are achieved and the research SIM
Key Activated Security Lock System with SMS and Email Notification Alert is proven to be acceptable in terms of accuracy, reliability and performance.
Developing a Document Workflow and Approval System
Implemented as Multitier Application Using
Java Technologies
Reir Erlinda E. Cutad
Davao del Norte State College
This project aimed to develop a document workflow and approval system, implemented as a multitier application. It also aimed to use Java technologies as a tool in the development of the Web application that allows the employees to electronically send out the document, and assign the sequence of hierarchy to which the documents will be sent out. While, on the other hand, the employees in the management level can assign decision on the document that will be used as a basis for its workflow. Also, the same employees can view those preceding decisions and comments on the said document. The application utilized the following Java technologies: Java Persistence API (JPA)- a framework for managing relational data;
Enterprise Javabean 3.0 (EJB 3.0)- a reusable component for encapsulating business logic; Servlet- a server

side component used for controlling Web page flows in this application; Java Server Pages- a technology used in the presentation logic; and the Web pages that interact with the client. A Dojo Toolkit is also used to enhance the look and feel of the Web pages. Furthermore, Dropbox share link is used for file sharing.
The results of this study showed that the above-mentioned Java technologies are working together in achieving the functionalities of the developed multitier Web application.
Impact Assessment of the PC Recycling Project in Region 2
Mary Jane S. Bitanga
Isabela State University
The PC Recycling Project of the Commission on Information and Communication Technology (CICT) had served public high schools in the country from 2010-2012. This Project was conceptualized with the idea of the electronic waste management scheme. Electronic Waste management scheme, or E-waste, is a popular informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their “useful life” (UNEP). Some electronics equipment that largely produced e-waste are televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, fax machines and personal computers (Schluep, M. et. al, 2009).In this Project, the Isabela State University has been one of the partner
SUCs of the government especially in Region II. The school has been in-charge in the implementation of the
Project which also served as one of its extension projects since then. This Project customized training courses to provide teachers the needed technical skills in hardware servicing in Cagayan, Isabela, and
Quirino provinces from which this paper is based from. This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of the training; determine the percentage of refurbished PCs after the training; and to determine the number of developed educational materials and creative junk art out of condemned PCs. The researcher used the descriptive method with questionnaire, interview and reports submitted every after the training. The data gathered was treated using the frequency and percentage distribution and weighted mean. Findings revealed that the skill acquired by the teachers in the training improved their ability in basic PC trouble shooting and maintenance and e-waste management. Indeed, this project would be an effective measure to lessen the increasing e-waste products brought by technology these days.
Triple Data Encryption Standard, Encryption
Algorithm Modification
Mary Rocel R. Cabanlig, Alitheia Joy P. Jayme and Shiela A. Abaya
University of the East
Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm is an alternative process of Data Encryption Standard algorithm because of the possible vulnerability to brute-force attack. The process of data security through encryption and decryption process has been multiplied three times to give more security and to produce much more reliable data. The main goal of the study is to modify the Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm so that the development will become more fast and will give more security to the user. After the initial permutation and final permutation of encryption and decryption, a XOR cipher was added. This XOR cipher is a type of an additive cipher whose purpose is to make the process faster and safer from different threats. To make the system more secure the Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm could either generate a key for the user or the user himself could choose his or her key to be used in encryption and decryption process. The

running program has a timer to compare the speed of the process of encrypting and decrypting the data.
Based on the observations and trials, the enhanced Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm has shorter processing time and has more security than the original Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm. Results of this study proves that, Triple Data Encryption Standard algorithm could be improved and it could be utilized in protecting sensitive and important data while it is being transported from one site to another, which is to be used by one person or another. This study falls on a general objective which is to modify a program that is used for the security of the important data.
Developing Shareable Content Objects for Related
Information Technology Courses Hosted in Multiple
Learning Management Systems
Hazel A. Gameng
Davao del Norte State College
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of use of cell phones by the farmers in receiving agricultural information and to explore the relationships between the selected characteristics of farmers and their use of cell phones. Data were collected from 76 cell phone user farmers in 8 selected villages during 12 September to 15 October 2012. In order to ascertain the extent of use of cell phones by the farmers in receiving agricultural information on the availability of inputs, quality of the inputs, market price of the inputs, appropriate doses of the inputs, farmers were asked whether their contacts with different information sources through cell phones were regular, occasional or not at all. A weight of 2, 1 and 0 were assigned to determine their overall use of cell phones. Cell Phone Use Index (CPUI) was calculated by multiplying with 2, 1 and 0 for regular, occasional and not at all contact respectively. The CPUI varied from
20 to 142 against the possible index of 0 to 152. More than half (54 percent) of the farmers had medium use of cell phones while 14 percent and 32 percent of them had low and high use of cell phones respectively. Literacy level, annual income, cosmopoliteness, agricultural knowledge, aspiration, selfconfidence and attitude towards technology of the farmers had significant positive relationships with their use of cell phones. However, age of the cell phone users had significant negative relationship while farm size and organizational participation had no relationships with their use of cell phones.
O NLINE E VE :
A Comparative Visual Content Analysis on the Presentation of “Filipina” in Google and Yahoo
Racidon P. Bernarte, Kristalyn Fraginal and Gary Antionio C. Lirio
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Every person is involved in creating and maintaining the culture that defines his/her identity. Culture defines realities and thereby shapes the way people think, feel and act. It has the power to limit and divide or liberate and unite a society. Thus, it is connected with the many facets of human communication including the use of different mass media. Online media as one of the emerging forms of media nowadays create a new image of Filipina. On the web, images of Filipina are being presented in various ways. Thus, this paper analyzes the different photos presented on the two popular search engines—Google and Yahoo.
The study used content analysis as method because it was the most appropriate method to use in conducting this kind of research. In determining the visual presentation of Filipina in the selected search engines a descriptive research utilizing quantitative approached was used. In analyzing the data a coding

sheet and coding guide were incorporated to record the information. Three coders were asked to analyze the different photos both from Google and Yahoo. Looking at the frequency with how Filipina were presented on Google and Yahoo, this resulted to the following; First, Google and Yahoo presented Filipina in a pornographic way. Second, most of the Filipina presented on both search engines have an attractive face, fair skin complexion, slim body figure and when it comes to degree and style of clothing they follow the unconventional style or wearing indecent clothes and worst Filipina most of the times did not wear any clothes. Third, based on the tabulated result, Filipina were having a seductive look and when it comes to posture Filipina were mostly presented in a sexualized way.Moreover, analysis of this study showed that in either Google or Yahoo, Filipina’s presentations were being depicted and there was a bias presentation between Filipina and other races. Thus, the researchers came up with the recommendation of creating a regulatory board that would monitor the photos and videos on online media. A comparative study about the presentation and portrayal of Filipina versus other race was also recommended. Lastly, since the researchers were not able to come up in deconstructing the images further study using the results of this study as a basis for deconstruction was highly recommended.
Handwriting Examination and Identification Procedures for Judicial Administration: A Proposed Model
Gregorio B. Mendoza, Jr.
Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion
The purpose of the study is to analyse the practices in handwriting examination and identification for judicial administration.It further proposed a model that may be applied in court Proceeding. The study utilized the descriptive normative research with content analysis and unstructured interviews as techniques. The respondents represented the towns, cities and municipalities of Antique, Capiz, Iloilo,
Negros Occidental, Aklan and Guimaras of Western Visayas. The findings of this study revealed that preliminary examination was occasionally practiced by the presiding judges; while final examination was frequently practiced by the Presiding Judges, prosecutors, Case Lawyers. In addition Ex-Parte Examination was frequently practiced by the Presiding Judges and Case Lawyers. The respondents believed that the
Practicing Criminologist have adequate knowledge and adequate skills in handwriting examination and identification. Moreover, the findings of the study also revealed the urgent need to develop a model as manual for handwriting examination and identification for Prosecutors and Presiding Judges and Case
Lawyers. It was found out also that the proposed Model for the handwriting examination and identification was suitable, feasible and acceptable. It is therefore recommended that legal Experts and Practising criminologists must take into consideration the existing weaknesses and threats and must address the issues and answers to effect sound and scientific handwriting examination and identification procedures.
This may be done through re-training or re-engineering of all concerned individuals focusing on the awareness of the procedures, knowledge and skills in the implementation.
Organizational Crisis:
Relationships that Affects Vulnerability
Fukofuka Sunia
Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Tonga

The purpose of this article is to figure out the ingredients that are replicated in organizational crisis and their relationships in order to understand an organization’s vulnerability to crisis. A grounded theory approach was used in the analysis of two crisis incidents: the sinking of the ferry MV Princess Ashika (2009) and the collapse of the Barings Bank (1995). The ingredients identified from these cases were also traced through the literature in other crisis incidents for triangulation purposes. The factors that were found to impact on the organization’s vulnerability were Gaps and Disabled Functions. Managerial Failures were seen to be factors that pull the crisis towards the organization and the Primary Values were seen to be the background whereby these relationships become rampant in the system. These relationships were formulated as propositions using descriptive, selective, and theoretical coding. Based on these findings, recommendations for future research and for practitioners will be formulated.
A Proof on the Conjecture of Paul Seymour
Aurea Z. Rosal
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
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A Sibling’s Voice behind the Shadow of Psychosis
Geraldine D. Delson
Saint Louis University
The study aims to understand and develop insights from the lived experiences of individuals with mentally ill siblings.The study utilized Phenomenological research design. Eight participants from varied cultures living in Baguio and Benguet were selected through non-probability purposive sampling and were named after precious stones. The siblings’ experiences yielded both positive and negative effects in various aspects of life. Some participants reported to have experienced positive impacts in the family relationship such as closer bonding, respect, and understanding. Others revealed negative impacts like family feud, anger, time and financial constraints, feeling of helplessness, burn-out and limited patience. Participants also claim to have experienced crossroad of emotions brought about by the condition. Acceptance and happiness were felt however feeling of worthlessness, shame, guilt, pity, pain, disappointment and regret were also reported. In the course of the study, it is found that there are siblings who are parentified and are given responsibilities despite of their ignorance regarding the health condition. To overcome the crisis, well siblings use coping/defense mechanisms such as faith healing, spiritual clinging, avoidance and helpseeking. Siblings of individuals with psychosis are profoundly affected in very specific ways. The researchers conclude that the varied experiences that siblings of mentally ill individuals go through either strengthen them or weaken them.

Building Capacities of Women through
Social Entrepreneurship: The DAWN-MPC Model
Zandro T. Estella and Ester T. Dizon
Polytehnic University of the Philippines
The International Labour Organization Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ILO-ROAP) recognizes the role played by the Development Action for Women Network (DAWN) - A non-governmental organization assisting in the welfare of Filipina migrant workers who used to work as entertainers in Japan by setting-up a cooperative, the DAWN MPC in 2008 as part of their intervention program to help women. The program in partnership with the PUP College of Cooperatives and Social Development was awarded as an emerging model of Best Practice in Asia and the Pacific by ILO under its Decent Work Agenda on May 7, 2009. Their achievement and success story presented in ILO’s study on the Economic and Social Empowerment of
Returned Victims of Trafficking in Thailand and in the Philippines: Coming Back, Moving On, Life after
Human Trafficking fueled and inspired the women to carry out their cause for a common benefit. Through the years, then College of Cooperatives and Social Development now College of Social Sciences and
Development supported the women under its extension services program by giving trainings relevant to their operations. The study has been conducted to measure the role played by the cooperative in building the capacities of the women through social entrepreneurship. Both the qualitative and quantitative method of research was used in the study. Data reveals that the cooperative’s program helped the women become independent; motivated; business-oriented; regain trust and confidence with other people and has changed their views in life after their sad stint working abroad.

Roles and Performance Expectancies of a Global Teacher
Ethel L. Abao and Feleeh L. Enanoza
Cebu Normal University
Status of Instructional Materials and Performance in Science of Bachelor of
Secondary Education Students (BSED) Major in Physical Science of Mindoro State
College Of Agriculture and Technology
Amelia R. Hernandez, Elenita L. Torrente, Elvi C. Escarez and Jovileo D. Landicho
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Managerial Skills and Functions of Female Administrators in Selected State Colleges in Metro Manila: Basis for Management Training Program
Jinamarlyn B. Doctor
Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology
Citizen-based Measures and Reporting Systems of Municipalities in the Province of
Capiz: Key to Effective Governance
Evelyn Borgonia
Capiz State University
Relationship between the Performance in Statistics and Reading Comprehension
Skills of STI College Students in Quezon City
Grace D. Gutano and Aurea Z. Rosal
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Impact of Organizational Health on the Public Secondary Schools’ Productivity in
Manila
Marjerie L. Quero
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Interpolation, Extrapolation and Least Square Analysis of Board Passers Rate in
Selected Programs of Cavite State University- Main Campus
Lorraine Kate B. Ramos and Michael E. Sta. Brigida
Cavite State University

A Study on Climate Change: Attitudes, Perceptions and Conceptions of College
Students of the Isabela State University-Roxas
Rosalyn L. Bautista and Maricar S. Prudente
Isabela State University
Hospitality Competencies of Hotel and Restaurant Management Graduates of
Aklan State University – College f Hospitality and Rural Resource Management
Lorleny M. Macoy and Realm R. Alis
Aklan State University
Socio-Economic Needs Assessment of Barangay Abut, City of San Fernando, La
Union
Rosario C. Garcia and Daniel B. Paguia
Saint Louis College
Internationalization of Instruction and Research among Mindanao Higher
Education Institutions
Ma. Theresa P. Llano
Notre Dame University
Predictors of Research Involvement, Dissemination and Utilization among Faculty
Members of Isabela State University System
Lorelei C. Tabago
Isabela State University
Analysis of the Performance of Graduates in the Nurses’ Licensure Examination: a
Policy Study
Alma S. Banua, Conchita A. Palencia and Jean Annette S. Ibo
Bicol University
Mapping Classroom Waste: Inputs to Lean and Clean Classroom Instruction
Dr. Gualberto A. Magdaraog Jr.
Bulacan State University
Assessment of Instruction, Research, and Extension Service Performance of Partido
State University in College of Education
Dr. Myrna C. Bigueja
Partido State University

Jesus T. Abaldonado
Filamer Christian University
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation among Teachers and Pupils in Iligan City,
Philippines
Roberto D. Napere Jr. and Oliva P. Canencia
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
The Relationship between the Academic Performance and the LET Performance of
BSE Graduates of Polytechnic University of the Philippines-Maragondon Branch
Cherry E. Angeles and Ayreenlee E. Resus
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Parent-Peer Attachment and the Academic Performance of Freshman Education
Students of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines – Maragondon Campus
Lizyl R. Rebusquillo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, Social Support and Academic Performance of
Grade Six Pupils
Karen C. Gervacio
Northwestern University
Knowledge of the Northwestern University Community on Climate Change and Their Practices in Mitigating Its Effects
Elsie C. Pilar, Joseph Allan S. Gamiao and Teresita A. Domingo
Northwestern University
Learning Style Preferences and Academic Performance of College Freshmen: Basis for Differentiated Communication Instructional Materials
Lovie M. Santos
Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite
On-line Reviewer and Assessment of User Competencies for Licensure Examination for Teachers
Ms. Jerian R. Peren
Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite

Teaching Strategies and Students’ Mathematics Performance
Ryan Torralba
Bohol Island State University
Best Practices in Undergraduate Research Mentoring: The Isabela State University
Experience
Ermel Manalang Delima
Isabela State University
An Exploration of a Play Based Classroom towards Therapeutic Curriculum for children with Special Needs
Ma. Rosita Ampoyas- Hernani
Cebu Normal University
CMO Compliance of the Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology-
Bongabong Campus: Towards a Guide
Glanys Wajima Rocell A. De Guzman
Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology
Persistence and Retention towards Degree Completion of BS Agriculture Students in Selected State Universities in Region IV-A, Philippines
Ruth A. Ortega-Dela Cruz
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Correlation of Non-Intellective Factors to the English Proficiency of the Freshman
Students of ISU-Cauayan: A Basis for Enhancing English Proficiency Program of the
School
Mary Rose A. Natividad
Isabela State University
Open Academic Analytics for PUP Taguig Faculty Performance Evaluation
Gecilie C. Almiranez
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Employability of Electrical Engineering Graduates of Polytechnic University of the
Philippines-Maragondon Campus, Maragondon, Cavite
Jimmy V. Panganiban
Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Philippine Normal University Admission Test and College Grade Point Average as
Predictors of Licensure Examination for Teachers
Donna Theresa P. Guanzon and Eliseo P. Marpa
Philippine Normal University
The Effectiveness of School-Based Review for CCIT students of ISU-Cauayan City for
TESDA CHS NC-II
Eddie I. Peru
Isabela State University
Accountancy Graduates of PUP-Ragay School Year 2007-2011: A Tracer Study
Edna S. Lavadia
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Professional, Pedagogical, and Personal Competencies of Faculty: Bases for Faculty
Development Program
Liza M. Empedrad
Saint Louis University
Students’ Attitudes and Self-Efficacy towards the Use of Computer: A Study
Involving High School and College Students from Luzon
Maricar S. Prudente, Rosalyn L. Bautista, Rodel A. Perez and Ronald G. Santos
De La Salle University
Difficulties of High School Students and their Academic Performance in
Mathematics I and II Subjects
Daniel L. Castro and Marilene S. Matusalem
Isabela State University
Types of Test Commonly Employed by the Teachers and the Academic
Performance of the Students in the Mathematics
Marilene S. Matusalem and Michelle F. Malubay
Isabela State University
Teaching Performance of the Faculty of the Mathematics Department of Cavite
State University
Lani Sarmiento-Rodis
Cavite State University
Investigating the Effect of Lecture Presentation Designs on Students Level of
Understanding on Algebraic Word Problems

Bernadeth P. Peňa
Cavite State University
Performance Predictors in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (Let) of The
Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Mathematics Graduates of Cavite State
University Main Campus, Academic Year 2006 – 2010
Vheronica Joice A. Mendoza, Marco Z. Rotairo and Andrew J. Siducon
Cavite State University
Effectiveness of Simulation and Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) on the
Performance of Students under Regimental Trainingon Selected Topics In Physics II
Jose M. Barlis Jr. Mr. Josefin D. Fajardo
Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific
Survey of Language Learning Beliefs of Maritime Instructors
Ma. Celeste A Orbe
Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific
Academe-Industry Partnership: The Bachelor in Business Teacher Education
Experience
Rovelina B. Jacolbia
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
A Case Study of a University Teacher’s Extent of Adherence to Teaching for
Understanding Tasks
Eufrecina Jean dela Rosa-Ramirezand Allan B. de Guzman
Centro Escolar University
Learning Styles, Application of Panel Discussion, and BSED Students Perception of their Performance in Literary Criticism
Ma. Junithesmer D. Rosales
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Proving Trigonometric Identities Using Mobile Phone (TRIMO)
Elyze Marielle J. Calimlim, Benilda Eleonor V. Comendador, John Patrick P. Dahingo, Catherine P. De
Guzman, Rachel N. Nayre and Joanne M. Octavo
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Centralized Electrical Building System

Grant B. Cornell and Mia Murielle J. Dunca
Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology
Module on Solution Chemistry Using Understanding by Design (UbD) Framework
Ammie P. Ferrer
Cavite State University
Distribution, Characterization and Identification of Superficial Fungal Pathogens
Isolated from Various Body Sites of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Farmers of
Indang and Amadeo, Cavite
Sherine M. Cruzate, Mary Ann R. Lopez and Ninibeth B. Cupino
Cavite State University
Mock-up Audio Frequency Power Amplifier: An Instructional Tool
Ernesto B. Alijay Jr., Jocelyn P. Lumactud, Jun Rey J. Poyos, Nelson M. Patena
Bohol Island State University
Structured Shipboard Training of Deck Cadets on Non-Conventional Vessels
Emterio B. Abangan
University of Cebu – Lapulapu and Mandaue
Characterization and Fecundity Rate of Snapping Shrimps (Alpheus Heterochaelis
Say) in Selected Coastal Area of Calape, Bohol: It’s Implication to Conservation
Measures
Maria Danesa S. Rabia, Eva Janet Z. Bitol, Guillermo P. Tutor, Christine V. Cubillo, Virgilia D. Tejada and
Stephen Leonard G. Quilario
Bohol Island State University
Calculus Mobile Convergent Thinker: A Mobile Phone Based Mathematical Toolkit
Comendador, Benilda Eleonor V., Masinas, Rudolph Albert E. Merced, Melanie May M., Quiñones, Karlo Kyle
M., San Fernando, Juliet R.
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Development and Evaluation of a Syllabus-based Worktext in Plane Trigonometry
Gemma E. Santioque-Legaspi
Cavite State University
Competence, Frequency, Self-Efficacy, Enablers and Barriers in the Utilization of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Among Science Instructors in an
Autonomous University
Almacita Paj-Dio

Saint Louis University
Level of Effectiveness and Acceptability of Workbook in Drawing Fundamentals
Armilando J. Arbado
University Of Rizal System
Antimicrobial Property of Benguet Pine
) Needles Using Ethanol
Extracts
Kim B. Aclera, Dorothy S. Jamero, Aldrin V. Cuntapay, Kassandra Gavril Vincent Elizabeth B. Apresto, KiraNae
B. Baguilat,Jenyllyn F. Lizardo and Isnar I. Mang-usan
Saint Louis University
On Packing of Cycles and Prisms of Order 3k
Jan Marcel T. Manrique, Lilac Pedregosa and Aurea Rosal
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
On the Prime Circumference of Line Graphs and Powers of Some Selected Graphs
Khrisna D. Guamos, Anna Rose A. Simbulan, Danica I. Velarde and Aurea Z. Rosal
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Gleaning Through the Trace of “The Just”
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Influences of Media Advertisements to Children
Joseph Elvir C. Tubilan
Cebu Normal University
Phenomenological Gestalt Therapy Theories as a Qualitative Research Construct
Emmanuel Villoria Hernani
Cebu Normal University
Retrieving the Spiritual Elements in Mathematics: Towards Implementing the
Ancient Wisdom of Mathematics
Daniel M. Abratique
Saint Louis University
Motivation and Gender – Related Problems of Policewomen in Western Batangas,
Philippines

Anania B. Aquino
Batangas State University
Tenured Forestland: Promise or Peril? The Case of Mangrove Plantation in Clarin,
Bohol
Ma. Hera Luisa M. Tatad
Bohol Island State University
Edelyn H. Dagñalan
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Communication Patterns of International Students and Faculty in Selected
Tertiary Educational Institutions in the Philippines and in the USA: Bases for
Designing an Instructional Framework on Multi-cultural Education
Edna T. Bernabe
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Labor Market in the Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB):
A Guide on Tertiary Education for the Industrial Zones
Leonila J. Generales, Ruby Jean S. Medina and Lenis Aislinn C. Separa
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
The Status of the Locally Manufactured Shoes in the Market
Zandro T. Estella, Lily G. Mendoza
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Composition and Qualification of Human Resource Personnel of Ten
Manufacturing Companies in First Cavite Industrial Estate (FCIE)
Agnes Y. Gonzaga
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Evaluation of Income-Generating Enterprise in Selected
State Colleges and Universities in Northern Mindanao
Maria Consuelo R. Del Castillo and Ruth P. Cabahug
Mindanao University of Science and Technology

COMMITTEE
ADVISORY BOARD
Dr. Robert Fox, University of South Wales, Australia
Dr. Matthew Éichler, Texas State University, USA
Dr. Michael Khor, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Mr. Warren Nevad, University of Tennessee, USA
Dr. Adam Kis, Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies
Dr. Emanuel C. De Guzman, Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Representative from
Commission on Higher Education
Department of Science and Technology-National Capital Region
National Research Council of the Philippines
STEERING COMMITTEE
Dr. Emmanuel C. De Guzman
Dr. Victoria C. Naval
Dr. Manuel M. Muhi
Dr. Samuel M. Salvador
Dr. Juan C. Birion
Dr. Joseph Mercado
Prof. Alberto C. Guillo
Ms. Marissa J. Legaspi
MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
Dr. Manuel M. Muhi, Chairman
Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte, Vice-Chairman
Asst. Prof. Zandro T. Estella, Member
WORKING COMMITTEES
Call for Paper
Chair: Dr. Rovelina B. Jacolbia
Co-Chair: Asst. Prof. Zandro T. Estella
Research Evaluation:
Chair: Dr. Herminia Manimtim
Co-Chair:
Members:
Dr. Lincoln Bautista
Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
Dr. Theresita V. Atienza

Promotion and Sponsorship
Chair: Dr. Edna S. Lavadia
Co-Chair:
Members :
Assoc. Prof. Ester T. Dizon
Ms. Cherry C. Pebre
Asst. Prof. Lizyl R. Rebusquillo
Secretariat and Invitation:
Chair: Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
Co-Chai:
Members:
Prof. Zandro T. Estella
Dr. Rovelina E. Jacolbia
Asst. Prof. Zandro T. Estella
Publicity and Documentation
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Members:
Dr. Angelina E. Borican
Dr. Anna Ruby P. Gapasin
Dr. Junithesmer R. Rosales
Mr. James Ona
Chair:
Registration:
Co-Chair:
Prof. Lizyl Rebusquillo
Dr. Edna S. Lavadia
Members: Dr. Lily G. Mendoza
Reception:
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Dr. Silvia Ambag
Ms. Susan Luna
Prof. Ruth Carlos
Dr. Theresita V. Atienza
Dr. Milagrina Gomez
Prof. Gisela May Albano
Dr. Edna T. Bernabe
Dr. Carmencita Castolo
Engr. Guillermo Bernabe
Finance Committee
Documentation
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Ms. Ellen Faed
Ms. Portia Margarita Reyes
Ms. Joan del Rosario
Mr. Julies Meneses
Dr. Anna Ruby P. Gapasin
Dr. Angelina E. Borican
Mr. James Ona
Communication Management Office
Exhibit
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Ms. Cherry C. Pebre
Prof. EsterDizon
Dr. Junithesmer Rosales
Mr. Reylan Viray
Ms. Malaya Abadilla-Ygot
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Ms. Josefina G.Concepcion
Ms. Frorenita Imperial
Ms. Merlita L. Palma
Ms. Catherine C. Oposa
Program/Technical
Chair:
Co-Chair:
Ms. Kriztine R. Viray
Mr. Hector Calma
Mr. Sonny Versoza
Creative Media Group
Food
Chair:
Co-Chair :
Member:
Prof. Shiela Ganchero
Prof. Irish Bernardo
Prof. Myna G. Cruz