SEPTEMBER 2014 THE CHIEF SUPPLY CHAIN OFFICER REPORT 2014 PULSE OF THE PROFESSION Report authors: Kevin O’Marah Geraint John Barry Blake This document is the result of primary research performed by SCM World. SCM World’s methodologies provide for © 2014 SCM World. All rights reserved. CONTENTS FOREWORD .......................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................5 .....................................................................................8 ................................................................................ 10 1: CUSTOMER CENTRICITY ........................................................................ 12 ............................................... 14 .................................................................. 16 .......................................................... 18 ................................................................. 20 .......................................... 22 ...................................................... 24 ................................................................................ 26 ........................................................................................ 28 ........................................................... 30 A global supply chain focused on growth, agility and sustainability. It’s part of our DNA. FOREWORD Hans van Alebeek Technology Nike control panel creates tremendous architectural challenges for the supply chain. Companies INTRODUCTION In 2014 we modules that comprise the SCM World analyses of past years. with 1,068 completed across all THE POPULATION collected represents the largest and most on the topic of supply chain management use it as a common touchstone for all of our industries and geographies. of all respondents by industry can be seen in Figure 1. Respondents by industry sector th er en D ef 6 O g in in M & & Ae ro sp ac e re ul tu ric Ag 2 ce 2 pa Ap & br ic Fa ed ia & ad Te em lc ic il ta 2 re l 3 o 3 Ac ot m Re iv n tio 4 M & s ic st gi Lo to tri D is & es iti til Au bu s En ic al he 4 e 5 er gy 6 m ar m Ph & C U l ria du st ca lth ea H 6 a 8 re & Be In h ec i-T H 8 od Fo C 9 ge 16 PG 16 ve ra 1 % of respondents n=1,068 Respondents by geography 2 as possible geographically. Nearly half of our Europe, Middle East & Africa 1 Asia & Australia 36 another 14% in Asia. 49 North & South America Rest of the World The respondent pool also comprises % of respondents n=1,068 14 Respondents by job level 3 SVP/EVP/Board Level 11 16 VP/Director Manager/Head 29 Other % of respondents n=1,068 44 of responsibility. 4 Respondents by annual sales <$1bn 11 22 $1bn-$5bn $5bn-$10bn 23 $10bn-$25bn 21 $25bn plus 11 Undisclosed 12 % of respondents n=1,068 sales. Almost half have revenue of more than 5 Respondents by job function Supply Chain 14 Purchasing/Procurement 5 Logistics/Transport & Distribution 5 48 8 Operations Manufacturing/Production 9 11 General Management Other % of respondents n=1,068 DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES mechanical enablement and pure content for demand sensing and remote control of MOST ATTRACTIVE MARKETS FOR GROWTH 6 Disruptive technologies for supply chain Big data analytics 64 31 5 Digital supply chain 49 45 6 Internet of things 45 42 13 Cloud computing 33 53 14 Advanced robotics 27 40 33 5 3D printing 20 42 38 6 Drone/self-guided vehicles 11 38 51 Sharing economy (e.g., Uber, Airbnb, Instacart) 8 to the top of our list. 53 Disruptive and important increasingly need to be tuned to serve 39 Interesting, but unclear usefulness Irrelevant % of respondents n=1,057 Top countries from a the most risky in which to operate. China is by a wide margin the most Country growth opportunities versus risks Selected countries in top 50 for growth and risk Germany UK Japan Turkey France GROWTH OPPORTUNITY Indonesia Australia Mexico Russia Nigeria Nigeria South Africa United Arab Emirates Malaysia Singapore India USA Canada South Korea China Brazil HIGH 7 Saudi Arabia Vietnam Poland Angola LOW Iran Egypt LOW . Ukraine Pakistan . .. Venezuela OPERATING RISK Note: Respondents were asked to rank their top 3 countries for growth and risk. The size of the bubbles represent the scale of the growth opportunity, calculated by weighting the scores. n=936 HIGH SUMMARY delegate strategic understanding of supply the profession. Its main message is that supply chain strategists need to raise their sights from Uncertainty has long been supply chain’s throughout value chains. EMBRACING UNCERTAINTY It may once have been sensible to of process dominance in the supply chain capacity and technology that customers 2014 may be the year that marks the end in supply chain. 40% of all respondents say they use social Looking ahead, those that are able to true cost to serve demand noise. business value are also increasingly Uncertainty has long been supply chain’s enemy. Business leaders hoping to succeed in this new era must learn to assert that supply chain is understood by make it a friend. product management in the success of the jointly developing intellectual property are to all people. deepening their roots. point in the data is the doubling since 2011 are able to master emerging tools for data of their products. The depth of mechanical chain is clearly increasing. chain professionals masters the deeply 1 CUSTOMER CENTRICITY on customer centricity. The importance of customer service also senior business management sees supply constraints presented at the point of sale as to sales and product management rather than simply a cost centre believe that customer service is paramount. Supply chain to appreciate the urgency of customer service challenges of 2014. These same supply chains that are considered By a factor of nearly 2:1 those who state that their CEOs consider them equal partners to sales and product management that centricity at the highest level is not just about 9 Value of enhanced customer service/loyalty Supply chain is equal partner 53 47 Supply chain is enabler 37 63 Supply chain is cost centre 36 64 Supply chain is service function visibility to ready inventory and true cost 31 to serve it could easily destroy margins. 69 Very high value Other % of respondents n=1,061 commitments at the point of sale may be the 10 Skill is ‘essential’ for supply chain customer centric. Customer management 8 Customer service integration 63 53 Governance Value created through a high-performing supply chain 49 43 Logistics & Distribution 61 34 Retail 56 37 Sales 37 26 Chemicals 50 34 Hi-Tech 39 Industrial 45 39 CPG 41 40 84 86 Foundational supply chain 46 Planning Delivery/logistics 79 75 Sourcing 73 69 Manufacturing Healthcare & Pharma 33 Very high value 60 47 43 High value % of respondents n=1,022 Equal partners Other % of respondents n=1,021 2 OMNICHANNEL most certainly become commonplace. pointed to radical change. forecast to top $370 billion by 2017. Although rated the second most important driver of 45%. This may indicate simply that progress has been made and that some have already e-commerce represented 8% of US and 15% are forecast to top $370 billion by 2017. supply chain speed and agility are more 13 11 % of respondents saying their supply chain is… % of respondents saying their supply chain is supporting… 10 23 Much larger SKU assortments capabilities Some SKU expansion Relying on e-commerce retailers for Little or no change in SKU assortments Smaller SKU assortments 30 Seeing little or no change to existing 45 38 37 17 n=1,034 12 % of respondents saying their supply chain is building… Larger, more centralised distribution centres 33 Smaller, more local distribution centres n=1,037 14 Fabric & Apparel The same type of distribution centres 46 5 95 Media & Telco 6 73 21 Retail 5 70 25 Logistics & Distribution 21 18 66 n=1,035 16 Industrial 50 8 48 13 42 Hi-Tech 39 CPG 28 42 30 Automotive 38 13 49 15 48 Chemicals 37 Food & Beverage 28 35 37 Healthcare & Pharma 34 15 capabilities Relying on e-commerce retailers for Seeing little or no change to existing 51 % of respondents n=857 3 1 Our latest CSCO study data not only respondents are either concerned or very other retailers and manufacturers. The small When our 2014 CSCO data is cut by industry that they plan to increase investments in is that the sectors seeing the most change are sector average. not part of these investment plans. Over half 1 The Smart DC: Delivering Value Through State-of-the-Art Distribution & Logistics, SCM World, March 2014. not changed the way they build suggests 15 Sector differences on DC building plans Fabric & Apparel 52 24 24 Logistics & Distribution 45 22 33 Media & Telco 38 27 35 Retail 27 25 48 Industrial 33 26 41 Hi-Tech 37 19 44 Food & Beverage 33 22 45 CPG 32 22 46 Healthcare & Pharma 31 20 49 Chemicals 25 17 58 Automotive 23 18 59 Larger Smaller Same % of respondents n=853 4 manufacturing strategies in the CSCO survey. The data suggests that manufacturing topped supply chain strategists’ amount of outsourced manufacturing. The support this. year. In our report Manufacturing Footprints: factories or retailers closer to customers. been successful in businesses ranging from 52% of manufacturing companies expect to be highly a supply chain strategy that enables greater customer needs. of the value of their products comes from outsourced. product value. 16 We will be a highly verticalised business, with most parts of production in-house 25 In-house production will be limited to modular platforms and critical parts, on demand by a network of third-party factories or retailers closer to customers 52 Production will be mainly outsourced; we will essentially design, distribute and service our products 23 % of respondents n=989 18 Chemicals 77 17 6 Food & Beverage 77 13 10 CPG than in years past. The challenge this presents 68 13 19 Industrial 52 26 22 Automotive 46 49 5 Hi-Tech 32 17 Value from standard platforms/components shared across multiple products 22 46 Fabric & Apparel 13 23 64 More than 70% 25 We will be a highly verticalised business, with most parts of production in-house From 30% to 70% 50 In-house production will be limited to modular platforms and Less than 30% a network of third-party factories or retailers closer to customers 25 % of respondents n=1,017 Production will be mainly outsourced; we will essentially design, distribute and service our products % of respondents n=630 5 design phase. Our CSCO data indicates that about a third of Design inclusive of inputs not only from engineers and manufacturing. Most companies are integrated it should be. less numerous than the survey data suggests. not feel fully integrated in the process. 19 Organisational structures for NPDL PURE SILO ORGANISATION 7% 23% Product design and engineering/ R&D functions are isolated from both manufacturing/supply chain and sales & marketing Sourcing, logistics, manufacturing LINKED ORGANISATION Marketing, sales, service Product design and engineering/ R&D functions are loosely linked to manufacturing/supply chain and sales & marketing. Lessons learned in operations, product development and sales are captured, but not exploited across the functions Design, R&D, engineering SEMI-INTEGRATED ORGANISATION 38% Product design and engineering/ R&D functions are partially linked to manufacturing/supply chain but only loosely tied to customer need via sales & marketing. Lessons learned in sales & marketing (e.g., product hit rate) are captured, but not fully exploited by product design and engineering/R&D functions INTEGRATED ORGANISATION 32% Sales & marketing, manufacturing/ supply chain and product design and engineering/R&D functions are equal partners in an orchestrated new product development and launch process. Lessons learned in operations, innovation and the market inform and support future generations of product % of respondents n=1,092 Where CEOs see supply chain as equally important to sales or product around companies today is not yet considered for digital delivery late in the manufacturing the direct involvement of top management. 21 Supply chain is understood as an equally important part of business success as sales & marketing or R&D/product development 45 16 35 4 Supply chain is an enabler of product or sales-driven business strategies get integrated around a streamlined NPDL 22 28 43 7 Supply chain is understood primarily as a cost centre that affects margins 13 39 34 14 Supply chain is strictly seen as a function meant to service the business 23 10 40 27 Integrated organisation Semi-integrated organisation Linked organisation Pure silo organisation % of respondents n=1,029 20 Weighted average 1-4, where 1=pure silo, 4=integrated Customer facing Sales & marketing FUNCTIONS PURE SILO ORGANISATION LINKED ORGANISATION SEMI-INTEGRATED ORGANISATION General management Engineering/R&D Internal facing Manufacturing/Operations Supply Chain/Logistics INTEGRATED ORGANISATION Purchasing/Procurement Supply facing 1 2 3 4 % of respondents n=990 6 see in manufacturing and product design. across industry to commit not only to ever nesses are on their suppliers. of survey respondents saying that strong sup perhaps not surprisingly given their short Our analysis of the data indicates that strategic supplier engagement has the biggest impact on defence and apparel are the sectors that care 64% of respondents say that priority access to scarce raw And although access to a supplier’s best talent may be last on the supplier engagement ben Our analysis of the data indicates that strategic has the biggest impact on the 22 % of respondents saying ‘extremely relevant’ Supplier giving you priority in times of tight supply/capacity 64 of supply chain 64 Collaboration on quality improvements 54 Faster problem solving/time to market 54 Supplier giving you innovations/ ideas ahead of competitors 46 Joint risk mitigation strategies 36 Co-development of new products/services 35 Collaboration on new customer propositions 30 Access to supplier’s best talent internal standing. 29 n=886 23 Importance to competitive advantage Very important 27 69 3 1 Important 42 44 10 4 Neither important nor unimportant 28 53 12 7 Somewhat unimportant 14 51 29 6 Not at all important 43 28 29 Supply chain is equal partner Supply chain is enabler Supply chain is cost centre Supply chain is service function % of respondents n=1,050 7 management and general business leadership. long. Most companies have strong internal management processes that channel and maturity must centre on the enablement of company’s business strategy to focus on supply 24 25 % of respondents saying ‘very important’ or ‘important’ % of respondents saying ‘very’ or ‘somewhat’ concerned Operating cost reduction 96 Chemicals 86 Agility and speed 90 CPG 85 Increasing revenue 86 Hi-Tech 84 Strategic supplier engagement 84 Industrial 79 Differentiated customer service capabilities 84 Retail 79 Long-term equity improvement 74 Healthcare & Pharma 78 Logistics & Distribution 74 n=1,061 n=754 More than 80% of respondents in 70% in industrial, healthcare response to changes in demand. The fact also at the top in importance indicates that simple Considering also the importance of customer or somewhat concerned about . 26 Source of real-time customer feedback 41 Inform product enhancement/ innovation priorities 31 Give visibility of social/ environmental/labour practices 30 Provide advance warning of potential supply disruptions 23 Improved communication with trading partners 19 Improved demand sensing and forecasting 19 No effect 33 % of respondents n=1,048 8 A recent SCM World report2 percentage points. 27 Where risk leaders are ahead of the pack Using risk mapping to identify exposure to potential risks 60 48 Dual or multi-sourcing is used ‘very effectively’ for risk mitigation 52 36 Active inventory tracking is used ‘very effectively’ for risk mitigation 51 40 Using real-time data analytics to identify exposure to potential risks 47 30 Joint risk mitigation with strategic suppliers ‘extremely relevant’ to competitive advantage 45 24 Visibility of potential risks at tier-2 suppliers is ‘very good’ or ‘good’ 41 31 Using social media monitoring to identify exposure to potential risks 23 18 Visibility of potential risks at tier-3+ suppliers is ‘very good’ or ‘good’ 21 13 Risk leaders* Others^ % of respondents n=1,053 * Those who say that leveraging opportunities from supply disruptions gives ‘high’ or ‘very high’ value ^ Those who say leveraging opportunities from supply disruptions gives ‘moderate’, ‘little’ or ‘no’ value 2 Innovative Approaches to Supply Chain Risk, SCM World, July 2014. of users report very high value and 44% al ic lit in st ab ilit di y su sas t pp e D lie r af at r f fe a ac ct se ilit ing cu ie rit s y/ IT in ci de Sh nt ip s pi ng di /lo sr gi Br up st ea tio ics ch ns o pr f i op nte Sa er lle fe ty c ty rig tua /q ht l ua s lit y in Le c ga id en l/r eg ts O ul th at er or y in is ci su de es nt s at Su s m pp fa upp at ly er sh cilit lier i ia o ls rta es /c g om e po of ne ke nt y s al ur N at po eo G 20 8 6 6 6 4 4 4 3 -1 -2 pr ic ilu re of l al iti c cr e n vo to cia la m lf til er ai ity lu re of cr iti ca cu s na Fi ity od m C om F su inan pp c lie ial r fa 28 Key supply chain risks: risers and fallers % point change in respondents ‘very’ or ‘somewhat’ concerned in 2014 vs 2013 -4 n=1,040 9 2014 is the steady rise of cost savings as a the leading reason for such investments this far is cost savings. to include the high value placed on brand companies for green or socially responsible don’t buy from sustainable supply chains as 29 an d im tin ui -11 Br co n ly pp In cr 8 ag e 11 ty gu la tio n 19 Re PR 26 Su Re du ce co st s 61 ea s e sa le s % change, 2011-14 2014 n=975 for good behaviour on the upside. One of the most 30 Internal operations 45 34 in 2014 is the steady rise of cost savings 42 49 Key suppliers 24 21 48 46 Extended supplier network 10 10 33 35 Whole value chain 14 10 38 % of respondents 2014 n=955 37 2014 Activities fully implemented 2014 Currently implementing activities 2013 Activities fully implemented 2013 Currently implementing activities 31 Internal operations visibility at the point of sale could include 51 47 46 38 Key suppliers 35 25 23 9 by choosing one product over another may environmental impact. Extended supplier network 16 9 9 4 Whole value chain 17 14 13 6 Hi-Tech Consumer Goods & Retail Industrial Healthcare & Pharmaceutical % of respondents n=955 10 TRANSFORMATION In companies that have yet to connect supply Digging into the root causes reveals that much of the pain comes at the front end of the from the broader supply chain strategy of has to be synced into the broader strategic plan the pressure has ramped up steadily. Despite rate in 2011 and up notably over last year. 43% has become harder in the past two years 33 Knowledge worker challenges % of respondents saying ‘extremely challenging’ 30% technology enablement. 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 2014 n=1,023 0% 2011 2012 2013 2014 Career progression Retaining Developing Finding Hiring Measuring 34 32 Planning 85 1 14 Delivery/logistics 21 1 23 1 78 Performance management 76 Change management 24 74 2 Sourcing 71 15 22 2011 19 37 2013 14 43 3 26 Customer management 30 58 2014 12 Manufacturing 54 35 11 Technology enablement Easier % of respondents 2014 n=1,015 6 42 52 New product development & launch 51 12 37 Governance 45 46 9 Sales 38 31 31 Post-sales support 46 26 Essential Nice to have Not part of supply chain 28 % of respondents n=1,020 SCM WORLD scmworld.com Geraint John geraint.john@scmworld.com London SE1 9RA scmworld.com