Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 1: How Can the Oceans Be Described?
Hydrosphere
The water on or surrounding the surface of the
globe, including the water of the oceans and
the water in the atmosphere.
Sea Level
The level of the surface of
an ocean.
Salinity
A measure of the amount of
salt in water.
Oceans
5 Oceans
1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean
5. Southern
Ocean
The deeper we go in the oceans, the
colder and higher the pressure.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 2: Where is Fresh Water Found?
Aquifer
The layer of rock and soil that groundwater
flows through.
Water Table
The top level of the groundwater
in an aquifer.
Watershed
The area from which water drains into a
river.
Reservoir
Usually an artificial lake that forms
behind a dam.
Pollutant
Any substance, as certain chemicals or waste products, that
renders the air, soil, water, or other natural resources
harmful or unsuitable for a specific purpose.
Glacier
An extended mass of ice formed from snow falling
and accumulating over the years.
Drinking Water
Water that comes from lakes, glaciers,
dams, and underground springs.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 3: What Are Some of California Water Sources?
Aqueduct
A system of pipelines that carries water from a
river or lake to the area where it is needed.
Reclamation
Waster water from homes or businesses that is
carried to a waster water treatment plant to be
used again for purposes other than drinking water.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 4: What Is the Water Cycle ?
Water Cycle
Repeated movement of water through the
environment in different forms. Also known as the
hydrologic cycle.
Evaporation (3)
The process by which particles leave a
liquid and become a gas (water vapor).
Condensation(2)
The process by which particles leave a gas
(water vapor) and become a liquid.
Precipitation(4)
Water that falls from clouds as rain, hail,
sleet, or snow.
Snow Hail Sleet
Ice Crystals
Sublimation
The act of changing from solid ice
directly to water vapor.
Water Vapor
The gas form of water. It forms when water
molecules evaporate from the Earth’s surface.
Run-Off
Water moving downhill.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 5: How Do Clouds Form?
Cirrus
High altitude clouds that are thin,
wispy, and white.
Thunderheads
Vertical clouds that often cause
thunderstorms.
Altocumulus
Mid-altitude clouds that look like small,
puffy balls.
Stratus
Low-altitude clouds that
cover the whole sky.
Sleet
Frozen raindrops that fall as
precipitation.
Fog
Tiny droplets of water on ice.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 1: How Does Air Move?
Atmosphere
All of the air around the Earth.
Atmospheric Pressure
The weight of air pushing down on an area
(air pressure).
Convection Current
The rising and sinking of matter in a circular
pattern cause by temperature differences.
Uneven Heating
Weather is different in places around the Earth
because the surface of our planet is heated by the
sun unevenly.
Wind
A movement of air that happens because of
differences in air pressure caused by temperature
differences (Convection currents)
Latitude
A measure of how far a place is north or south of
the equator, which has a latitude of 0 degrees.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 2: What Are Air Masses?
Air Masses
A large body of air with similar
properties all through it.
Warm Front
When warm air moves against cooler air,
the warm air rises above the cooler air.
Cold Front
When colder air is brought into an area, it
forces the warmer air to move up quickly.
Cyclone
A wind that spirals inward around an
area of low pressure.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 3: What Causes Severe Weather?
Hurricane
A strong cyclone that forms over
warm ocean waters
Monsoon
A wind that changes direction
with the seasons.
Tempered
Describes air that is
warmed in winter
and cooled in
summer because it
is near a large body
of water.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 4: How Are Weather Forecasts Made?
Barometer
A tool that measures air
pressure.
Hygrometer
A tool that measures
moisture in the air.
Anemometer
A tool that measures wind speed.
Rain Gauge
A tool that
measures the
amount of rain
that has fallen.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 2: Why Do Planets Revolve Around the Sun?
Sun
A star composed of helium and hydrogen and is
located in the center of our solar system. It is
the largest body in our solar system.
Star
A huge ball of hot gas that gives off
energy.
Solar System
A system that includes the Sun and its planets,
along with many moons, asteroids, and comets.
Orbit
The curved path described by a planet,
satellite, or spaceship around a celestial
body such as the sun.
Satellite
An object that orbits another
object in space.
Gravity
A force that exists between two things that have mass.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 3: What Are the Inner Planets?
Inner Planets
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are referred to as the
inner planets because they are closest to the sun. They are
small, rocky planets.
Meteorite
A mass of stone or metal that has reached the
Earth from outer space.
Asteroid
A rocky object up to several hundred kilometers
wide that revolves around the sun.
Comet
A frozen mass of
ice and dust with
a tail up to 80
million kilometers
long that is in
orbit around the
sun.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 4: What Do We Know About the Outer Planets and
Beyond?
Outer Planets
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are referred
to as the outer planets. Their orbits are beyond
the asteroid belt.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 1: How Can the Oceans Be Described?
Hydrosphere-The water on or surrounding the surface of the
globe, including the water of the oceans and the water in the atmosphere
What do you see in
the picture?
The picture is showing
examples of the _______.
What does the Greek
root hydro in the word
hydrosphere mean?
Hydro means ________, which tells me that
hydrosphere is water _____________________.
Sea Level-The level of the surface of an ocean.
What do you see in
the picture?
The picture shows
_______, which is the
level ________________.
What does the
word level mean?
Level means having the ________ height.
Salinity- A measure of the amount of salt in water.
What does
salinity mean?
Salinity is the _______
of _______ in ________.
What does the Latin
root word saline
means in the word
salinity must mean?
Saline means
anything that
contains __________.
Oceans- The deeper we go in the oceans, the colder and higher
the pressure.
5 Oceans
1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean
5. Southern Ocean
What does the
picture show?
The picture shows the five ______ of the _______, which
are the _____ Ocean, the _____ Ocean, the _____ Ocean,
the _____ Ocean, and the ____ Ocean.
The deeper we go in the oceans,
the _______ and _____ the pressure.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 2: Where is Fresh Water Found?
Aquifer-The layer of rock and soil that groundwater
flows through.
What do you
see in the
picture?
The picture shows an
_______, which is a layer of
rock and ______ that
groundwater ________
through .
The word aquifer means to carry water. It
has the Latin roots aqua, which means
______, and ferre, which means to ______.
Water Table-The top level of the groundwater
in an aquifer.
What is the
picture showing
you?
The picture shows a ______, which is the top
_______ of the ______ in an aquifer.
Watershed-The area from which water
drains into a river.
What is a
watershed?
A watershed is the _____ from which _____
drains into a _________.
Reservoir- Usually an artificial lake that forms
behind a dam.
What is a
reservoir?
A reservoir is usually an
______ lake that _____
behind a dam.
How are watersheds and
reservoirs different?
A watershed is water that drains into a _____,
while a reservoir forms behind a _______.
Pollutant-Any substance, as certain chemicals or waste
products, that renders the air, soil, water, or other natural resources
harmful or unsuitable for a specific purpose.
What do you see
in the picture?
The picture shows
different ________,
which can be _____ or
waste products that
are harmful.
Glacier-An extended mass of ice formed from
snow falling and accumulating over the years.
What is a
glacier?
A glacier is an extended mass of _____ formed
from ______ falling and ________ over the years.
Drinking Water-Water that comes from lakes,
glaciers, dams, and underground springs.
Where do we
get drinking
water from?
Drinking water comes from _____,
_______, _____, and _______.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 3: What Are Some of California Water Sources?
Aqueduct- A system of pipelines that carries water
from a river or lake to the area where it is needed.
What is the
purpose of an
aqueduct?
An aqueduct carries water
from a _____ or _____ to the
area
where it is needed.
If an aqueduct is a “pipe that carries water”,
the Latin root aque means ______, while the
suffix –duct means ___________.
Reclamation- Waster water from homes or businesses that
is carried to a waster water treatment plant to be used again for
purposes other than drinking water
What is the
root word of
Claim
reclamation?
What does the
prefix re
mean?
To do again
What does reclamation mean?
To claim or use water again
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 4: What Is the Water Cycle ?
Water Cycle- Repeated movement of water through
the environment in different forms. Also known as the
hydrologic cycle.
What do you know
about cycles?
Cycles mean something
that _________.
What is the water cycle?
The water cycle is the _______ movement of
______ that never stops.
Evaporation- The process by which particles
leave a liquid and become a gas ( water vapor). (3)
What is
evaporation?
Evaporation is a step of the _____ cycle, in which
the liquid form of water changes to a ______,
which is also called water vapor.
Condensation- The process by which particles
leave a gas (water vapor) and become a liquid. (2)
What is
condensation?
When air cools, the gas,
which is called ____
vapor, turns into a liquid.
What do some
of the water
droplets turn
into?
The water droplets turn into
_______ or fog.
Precipitation- Water that falls from clouds as
rain, hail, sleet, or snow. (4)
What step of the
water cycle is the
arrow pointing to?
The picture is showing ________, which is when water falls
from clouds as ____, ____, ___, or _____.
How is
precipitation
different from
condensation?
_________ is the change from a
gas to a liquid, while ______ is
when water falls from the
clouds.
Sublimation- The act of changing from solid
ice directly to water vapor.
What is the
picture showing?
The picture shows the changing of solid
_____ directly to water vapor, which is
called sublimation.
Water Vapor- The gas form of water. It forms when
water molecules evaporate from the Earth’s surface
(sublimation).
What is water
vapor?
Water vapor is the ____ form
of water, which is called
sub__________.
In which step of the
water cycle does
sublimation occur?
Sublimation occurs during _______ , which is
the changing of liquid to water vapor.
Run Off-Water moving downhill.
What is the picture
showing?
The picture is showing a
runoff, which is when
______ is moving ______.
Where does water run
off into?
Water runs off the land into streams and rivers,
that flow into ______ and ________.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 5: Water on Earth
Lesson 5: How Do Clouds Form?
Cirrus- High altitude clouds that are thin,
wispy, and white.
What type of
clouds does the
picture show?
The picture shows
______ clouds.
How could you
describe cirrus Cirrus clouds are high altitude,
clouds?
_____, _____, and _______.
Thunderheads- Vertical clouds that
often cause thunderstorms.
What type of
clouds does the
picture show?
The picture shows
______ clouds.
How could you
describe
Thunderheads are vertical
thunderhead
clouds that often cause
clouds?
_______.
Altocumulus- Mid-altitude clouds that
look like small, puffy balls.
What type of
clouds does the
picture show?
The picture shows
______ clouds.
How could you
describe
altocumulus
clouds?
Altocumulus clouds are
mid-altitude clouds that
look like ____, ____ balls.
Stratus- Low-altitude clouds that
cover the whole sky.
What type of
clouds does the
picture show?
The picture shows
______ clouds.
How could you
describe
stratus clouds?
Stratus clouds are lowaltitude clouds that
______ the whole ______.
Sleet- Frozen raindrops that fall as
precipitation.
What is
sleet?
_______ is frozen
raindrops that fall as
precipitation.
Fog- Tiny droplets of water on ice.
What is
fog?
_______ is tiny droplets of water on ice.
Fog occurs during the ______ step of
the water cycle (gas to liquid).
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 1: How Does Air Move?
Atmosphere- All of the air around
the Earth.
What does
atmosphere mean?
The _______ is all of the ____ around the ______.
Atmospheric Pressure- The weight of air
pushing down on an area (air pressure).
What is
atmospheric
pressure?
Atmospheric
pressure is the
weight of ____
pushing _____ on
an area.
The higher you go in the atmosphere,
the air pressure will ________
Convection Current-The rising and sinking of matter
in a circular pattern cause by temperature differences.
What is a
convection current?
A convection current is the
_____ and _____ of matter
in a circular pattern.
During the day, the _____ air causes the
___ air to rise.
Uneven Heating- Weather is different in places
around the Earth because the surface of our planet
is heated by the sun unevenly.
What is the picture
showing?
The picture is showing how the ____ affects the
Earth’s surface unevenly, therefore the _______
is different in places around the Earth.
Wind- A movement of air that happens because of
differences in air pressure caused by temperature
differences (Convection currents)
What causes wind?
Wind occurs because of the differences in air
______ caused by temperature _______.
Latitude- A measure of how far a place is north or
south of the equator, which has a latitude of 0 degrees.
What is latitude?
Latitude is a measure of how ____ a
place is ____ or ____ of the equator.
Places closest to the equator get _____ energy
from the Sun than do places near the
North or ____ poles.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 2: What Are Air Masses?
Air Masses- A large body of air with similar
properties all through it.
What is an air
mass?
An air mass is a large
____ of _____ with
similar properties all
through it.
Air has mass, therefore it takes up ______.
Warm Front- When warm air moves against
cooler air, the warm air rises above the cooler air.
What causes a warm
front to occur?
A warm front occurs when ______ air moves
against _____ air, the warm air rises above the
cool air.
A warm front brings ______ air into an area.
Cold Front- When colder air is brought into an area, it
forces the warmer air to
move up quickly.
What causes a cold
front to occur?
A cold front occurs when ______
air is brought into an area, it forces the ____ air to move
_____ quickly.
A cool front brings ______ air into an area.
Cyclone- A wind that spirals inward around an
area of low pressure.
What is a cyclone?
A cyclone is a ____
that spirals _____
around an area of
____ pressure.
Cyclone comes from
the Greek word
cyclone meaning
circle.
I know that cycle means _____,
which means A cyclone moves
in a _______ pattern .
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 3: What Causes Severe Weather?
Hurricane- A strong cyclone that forms over warm
ocean waters.
What is a hurricane?
A hurricane is a strong ____ that forms
over ____ ocean waters.
Monsoon- A wind that changes direction
with the seasons.
What causes
a monsoon?
A monsoon is a ____ that _____
direction with the seasons.
Tempered- Describes air that is warmed in winter and
cooled in summer because it is near a large body of water.
What is tempered
air?
Tempered air is warmed in
the ______ and cooled in
the _____ because it is
near a large body of water.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Weather
Lesson 4: How Are Weather Forecasts Made?
Barometer- A tool that measures air pressure.
What does a
barometer measure?
A ______ is a tool that
measures air ______.
Barometer has
the suffix –meter
meaning “ to
measure”.
I know that barometer means a device
used for _______.
Hygrometer-A tool that measures moisture in the air.
Hygrometer has the
suffix –meter meaning “
to measure”.
I know that a hygrometer must be
a device used to ______ something.
What is a hygrometer?
A hygrometer is a
____ that measures
____ in the ______.
Rain Gauge- A tool that measures the
amount of rain that has fallen.
What is a rain
gauge?
A rain gauge is a tool
that _____ the amount
of ____ that has fallen.
How is a rain
gauge different
from a hygrometer?
A rain gauge measures the
amount of ____ that has fallen,
where a hygrometer measures the
______ in the air.
Anemometer-A tool that measures wind speed.
What does the
picture show?
The picture shows a _____, which is
a tool that ____ wind speed.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 2: Why Do Planets Revolve Around the Sun?
Star- A huge ball of hot gas that gives off energy.
What is a star
A star is a huge ball of hot _____ that
gives off _______ .
Sun-A star composed of helium and hydrogen and is located in the
center of our solar system. It is the largest body in our solar system.
Where is the Sun
located?
The Sun is located in the
_____ of the solar system.
What is the Sun a
star?
The Sun is a star because
it is a huge ball of ___ that
gives off ______.
Solar System- A system that includes the Sun and its
planets, along with many moons, asteroids, and comets.
What is a solar
system?
A solar system includes the _____ and its
planets, along with many moons,
________, and comets.
Orbit- The curved path described by a planet, satellite,
or spaceship around a celestial body such as the sun.
What does orbit
mean?
Orbit means a path that a
_____, satellite, or spaceship
takes around something.
The picture shows the _____ orbiting
the _____.
Satellite-An object that orbits another object in space.
What is a
satellite?
A satellite is an object
that _____ another
object in space.
The moon is a satellite of _______.
Gravity is a force that exists between two things that mass.
What is
gravity?
Gravity is a force that ____
between two things
that have ____.
Why will the
apple for on his
head?
The apple will fall on his
head because _____ exists
between ____ and the ____.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 3: What Are the Inner Planets?
Inner Planets- Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are
referred to as the inner planets because they are closest to the sun.
What are the
inner planets?
______, ______, ______, and
_____ are known as the
inner planets.
What are they
called the inner
planets?
They are known as the
inner planets because they
are _____ to the ____.
Meteorite- A mass of stone or metal that has reached
the Earth from outer space.
What is a
meteorite?
A meteorite is a _____ from outer
space that has reached _____.
Asteroid- A rocky object up to several hundred
kilometers wide that revolves around the Sun.
What is an
asteroid?
An asteroid is a _____ object that
____ around the ____.
Comet- A frozen mass of ice and dust with a tail up to
80 million kilometers long that is in orbit around the sun.
What is a comet?
A comet is a mass of
_____ and dust with tail
that orbits the ______.
Grade 5
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: The Solar System
Lesson 4: What Do We Know About the Outer Planets and
Beyond?
Outer Planets- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
are referred to as the outer planets. Their orbits are beyond
the asteroid belt.
Which planets are known
as the outer planets?
_____, _____, _____, and _____ are referred
to as the outer planets.