Group 3
Title of Project: Biometrics / Security
Name of Participants:
Abdulkadir Bulle
Francesco Pacecca
Harish Ramanathan
Dhruv Sharma
Abstract:
As fourth year Electrical Engineering students we were to convert a donated vehicle from mechanical
to electrical power. The Conversion process has been divided into about 13 different smaller projects
with groups of 3-4 members completing each task. It is our responsibility to take care of the Biometrics
/ Security System of the vehicle. We are not looking to “re-invent the wheel”; instead, the proposed
project will focus on the technological improvement of the design of those currently available on the
market.
Fingerprint Scanner
Our intention is to use an optical fingerprint scanner as a form of authentication to grant and deny
access to either the whole vehicle or to some of its features. This is convenient, as this form of
authentication does not require any keys or cards but just the fingerprint of the user which is always
available to them. The two common types of fingerprint scanners are: optical scanners and capacitance
scanners.
To compare prints the processor uses predefined algorithms that take into account the different aspects
of the prints that make it unique. We intend to investigate different implementations and make a
decision based on factors such as cost effectiveness, accuracy of readings and reliability of the security
provided.
RFID
Our intention is to use RFID as a form of authentication to grant and deny access to the vehicle and
even allowing the vehicle to start.
There are two common types of RFID – active tags and passive tags. Our tags are externally powered
by our antenna design causing us to use passive RFID designs in our capstone. Once the tag conductive
coil intercepts with the antenna’s coil a voltage drop is detected sending a signal to the microcontroller
to allow the user access.
Literature Survey:
RFID
http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_6.html
http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/filter/filter_7.html
http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00678b.pdf
http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/51115f.pdf
http://memweb.newsguy.com/~rhuang/RFID/rfid.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier
http://www.pictutorials.com/what_is_microcontroller.htm
http://datadog.com/pwm_tutorial.pdf
http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transistor/tran_2.html
Last Visited
(July 2010)
(June 2010)
(June 2010)
(June 2010)
(May 2010)
(June 2010)
(May 2010)
(July 2010)
(June 2010)
Microelectronic Circuits
By Sedra, Adel S.;Smith, Kenneth Carless; 5th edition (ISBN 0195142519)
Fingerprint Scanner
Last Visited
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingerprint_recognition
(May 2010)
http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Computer_Science/2004/fingerprint.asp (June 2010)
http://flash.lakeheadu.ca/~lubiotec/Fingerprints%20Comparison%20Guide.pdf
(July 2010)
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1746490.1746513#abstract
(July 2010)
Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition
By D. Maltoni 2nd Edition (ISBN 978-1-84882-253-5)
Serial Communication
http://www.siongboon.com/projects/2006-03-06_serial_communication/
http://www.rentron.com/receiving_data.htm
Last Visited
(May 2010)
(June 2010)
Data Sheets
Op-Amp - http://www.national.com/ds/LM/LM741.pdf
PIC - http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/39582b.pdf
MAX 232 - http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/max232.pdf
Voltage Regulator - http://www.synthdiy.com/files/2006/LM7812.pdf
Work Done:
Technological improvements come in multiple forms, some being: a) performance, b) sustainability,
and c) security. Both the fingerprint scanner and RFID detector reader are to act in a way that a. allows
the user inside the vehicle, and b. is used for security prior to starting the electric vehicle. Our project
requirements include but do not limit a robust, inexpensive and highly durable security system for the
electric vehicle.
The following are the basic principles of the RFID detection:
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The system works in an environment of various frequencies without disrupting the others.
The detector uses minimal area and its antenna can be easily mounted on surface of the door
lock.
A pulse-width modulation signal is sent from the PIC micro-controller whose frequency is
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calculated to oscillate at 125 KHz.
The signal is then filtered to AC signal followed by voltage amplification.
The amplified AC signal is then fed in the antenna coil design which is essentially a LC circuit.
When RFID tag is brought close to the antenna, the voltage drops, AC signal drop is changed to
DC signal representative using a diode design.
Depending on the voltage drop, the PIC micro-controller sends out signal to unlock the
door/lock.
The following are the basic principles of the Fingerprint algorithm:
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The Fingerprint Scanner was selected so that it required the least amount of area on the car
door. In this position and for the general use, it just needs to match a fingerprint with the
database of pre-saved finger prints.
Initially only one super-user is enrolled on the system. Once the super-user match is positive,
they can execute either of the following functions: Enroll a fingerprint into the database, Match
the fingerprint to the saved database, Delete a certain fingerprint, Delete the whole database and
obtain a User Count for the number of users saved.
Enroll requires the user to swipe for a first time. This image is saved in Buffer 1. Then the user
swipes his finger again. This image is saved in Buffer 2. The two fingerprints from the buffers
are then matched and if it results in a successful comparison, the image is then saved on the
flash memory on-board the Fingerprint Module.
Match requires the user to swipe once. The image is compared to the fingerprints already
present in the database and returns the User ID in case of a successful match.
Delete One command requires the user to enter the User ID of the fingerprint to be deleted and
then goes ahead erases the image from the database on the flash memory. Delete All clears the
whole fingerprint database.
User Count is a quick check to the number of users enrolled in the flash memory of the
fingerprint scanner.
Diagrams:
RFID Layout
Flow Chart
Fingerprint
VisualBasic Layout
Member Biographies:
Abdulkadir Bulle
Hello my name is Abdulkadir Bulle and I am in my fourth and final year of
electrical engineering. I have always been interested in computers and electronics,
throughout my degree I have reveled in the chance to both learn and further my
career and at the same time doing something I enjoy. I have previously done co-op
and internships at various companies including Research in Motion were I held the
position of Field Engineer, and this is the company I will be returning to in
September. I have greatly enjoyed my time at the University of Windsor and would
not change it for anything.
Francesco Pacecca
Hello, my name is Francesco Pacecca. Upon successfully finishing capstone, and the EE
program at the University of Windsor I plan on pursuing my goals and dreams, to truly
answer the question of who I’d be in 10 years time. I would like to send my regards to the
Electrical Engineering department for all the lessons I had learned, and the knowledge I
have gained from the professors and committee.
Harish Ramanathan
Hello, being highly interested in computers and technology, I chose Electrical Engineering with
Computer Sciences here at the University. In the past 5 years, computer related courses
helped me in deeper understanding of computer architecture in turn gained me an
intern position at Research in Motion which dealt with network administration. This
capstone helped me understand various basic building blocks needed for the any
circuit design and researching through the various journals, books, website, forums,
etc. was an enjoyable part of the learning experience. I would like to thank the
Electrical Engineering department at the University of Windsor for giving me
opportunity to tune my career path along my interest.
Dhruv Sharma
Hi, I came in the University with an aim to make a career in VLSI Design and
Verification. The courses I picked at the University were taken while keeping my goal
in mind and they helped me in getting the basic understanding of the field. The 4 coops I did at Transwitch, PMC-Sierra and RIM, helped me a lot in gaining industry
knowledge. At these companies, I was assigned tasks like developing verification
environments for the black box testing of whole sub-systems and designing various bus
bridges. I would like to thank the Electrical Engineering department at the University
of Windsor for accepting me into the program and giving me this wonderful
opportunity to learn and progress towards my goals by providing me with a great class
room and industry experience.