COURT OF APPEALS Media Release COPIES / SUBSCRIPTIONS: Copies of the slip opinions may be obtained from the Appellate Records Section, (503) 986-5555. The full text of the opinions can be found at http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us. For Media Release subscription information, please contact the OJD Publications Section, 1163 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97301-2563 (503) 986-5656. CONTACT: Lora Keenan (503) 986-5660 April 11, 2007 The Court of Appeals issued these opinions: State v. Gonzalez (Washington) McKay's Market of Coos Bay, Inc. v. Pickett (Lane) Wah Chang v. Pacificorp (Linn) Curtiss v. Dept. of Corrections State v. Jackson (Hood River) White v. The Boldt Company (WCB) State v. Shelly (Clackamas) Daniel v. Board of County Commissioners for Josephine County, Oregon (Josephine) State v. Bisby (Multnomah) State ex rel Dept. Human Services v. A. M. P. (Jackson) State v. Foreman (Linn) State v. Barteaux (Multnomah) State v. Matviyenko (Multnomah) The Court of Appeals issued these per curiam opinions: State v. Chelson (Washington) State v. Johnson (Marion) State v. Grigsby (Umatilla) Kellas v. Dept. of Corrections State v. L. E. K. (Multnomah) State v. D. R. (Clackamas) Bjorndal v. Weitman (Linn) State v. Kelsey (Multnomah) 1 The Court of Appeals affirmed these cases without opinion: State v. Charron (Multnomah) Kelley v. Lampert (Malheur) State v. Heinz (Multnomah) State v. Waldschmidt (Multnomah) Duval v. Lunning (Clackamas) State v. D. T. S. (Multnomah) State ex rel Dept. of Human Services v. M. M. S. (Union) Thomas v. Hall (Marion) Geer v. Hill (Malheur) State v. Hayes (Multnomah) State v. Radcliff (Yamhill) Harris v. Sorensen (Jackson) Ruiz v. Hill (Malheur) Brown v. Bartlett (Marion) Salser v. Bartlett (Marion) Echols v. Belleque (Umatilla) Mosley v. State of Oregon (Umatilla) State v. Jarvis (Lane) State ex rel Juv. Dept. v. R. C. (Multnomah) ***** State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Andy Chavez Gonzalez, aka Andy Chaves-Gonzalez, Appellant. Landau, P. J. Defendant appeals a judgment revoking his probation. He assigns error to the trial court's admission of hearsay evidence at his probation revocation hearing. According to defendant, the admission of that evidence violated his Sixth Amendment confrontation rights as articulated by the Supreme Court in Crawford v. Washington, 541 US 36, 124 S Ct 1354, 158 L Ed 2d 177 (2004). The state responds that probation revocation hearings are not criminal prosecutions to which the principles in Crawford apply. Held: Crawford is explicitly based on the Sixth Amendment, which, by its terms, applies in the context of "criminal prosecutions." A probation revocation hearing is not a "criminal prosecution" within the meaning of the Sixth Amendment. Therefore, Crawford does not preclude the admission of hearsay testimony at a probation revocation hearing in the absence of an opportunity to cross-examine the declarant. Affirmed. McKay's Market of Coos Bay, Inc., Respondent, v. Faye R. Pickett and Florence Auto Parts, Inc., Defendants, and JF's Investments, LLC, dba The Market Bin, Appellant. Landau, P. J. Plaintiff filed this action for declaratory and injunctive relief, claiming that defendant's operation of a coffee "cart" violates a deed restriction that prohibits building a "building" on the 2 property on which the cart is located and that requires that property to "remain a parking lot." The trial court concluded that the operation of the coffee cart violates the deed restriction. One of the defendants appeals, arguing that the trial court should have construed the deed restriction narrowly in favor of the free use of the property. Held: Defendant dug up portions of the parking lot, installed utilities, and moved onto the parking lot a structure that takes up two parking spaces, along with installing curbs and landscaping. The operation of the business further takes up between one and four additional parking spaces as customers wait in line to purchase drinks from the cart. The property containing the coffee cart thus does not "remain a parking lot" as required by the deed. Affirmed. Wah Chang, Respondent, v. Pacificorp, Appellant. Haselton, P. J. Defendant appeals the trial court's order granting plaintiff relief from judgment. ORCP 71 B. Originally, plaintiff sought a declaratory judgment declaring that it had no further obligations under the parties' contract. Plaintiff alleged that the primary purpose of that contract had been frustrated by an unanticipated event. The trial court granted defendant's motion for summary judgment, and, subsequently, plaintiff sought relief under ORCP 71 B. In doing so, plaintiff proffered "newly discovered evidence" pertaining to its claim of "frustration of purpose" that, according to plaintiff, would change the result of defendant's motion for summary judgment. The trial court agreed and granted the requested relief. Held: The trial court correctly determined that plaintiff's "newly discovered evidence" affected the outcome of the motion for summary judgment. Affirmed. Daniel Gene Curtiss, Petitioner, v. Department of Corrections, Birdie Worley, Rules Coordinator, Respondent. Haselton, P. J. Petitioner seeks review of an administrative rule of the Department of Corrections, asserting that the rule, concerning credit for time served on prison sentences, exceeds the department's authority because it contradicts one of the provisions of ORS 137.370(2). ORS 137.370(2)(a) requires the department to credit an inmate with "time that the person is confined" after arrest. OAR 291-100-0080(3)(g), promulgated by the department to implement ORS 137.370, provides that "[a]n inmate will not receive time served credit for time not confined in the county jail, such as time spent on house arrest." Petitioner contends that time spent on pretrial release or home detention after arrest qualifies as "time that the person is confined" after arrest and that OAR 291-100-0080(3)(g) therefore contradicts ORS 137.370(2). Held: When viewed in its statutory context, the term "confined," as used in ORS 137.370(2), means incarcerated and does not encompass pretrial conditional release, including home detention. OAR 291-100-0080(3)(g) held valid. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Louis Eugene Jackson, Appellant. Haselton, P. J. Defendant appeals a judgment of conviction for robbery in the second degree, ORS 164.405(1)(b), assigning error to the denial of his motion for judgment of acquittal. Defendant argues that the state's evidence failed to prove that defendant, when he committed the robbery, 3 was "aided by another person actually present." Specifically, defendant contends that his codefendant was present as a "getaway driver" only and, thus, was not "actually present" for the robbery as ORS 164.405(1)(b) requires. Held: Defendant's codefendant was in such physical proximity to the robbery as to be readily capable of assisting defendant in exerting force upon the victim. Therefore, the codefendant's participation in the robbery was sufficient. Affirmed. In the Matter of the Compensation of Bradford White, Claimant. Bradford White, Petitioner, v. The Boldt Company and St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Respondents. Armstrong, J. Claimant seeks review of an order of the Workers' Compensation Board that affirmed an administrative law judge's denial of his claim for a cervical spine injury. Claimant was injured at work while moving an 800-pound table. In determining the compensability of claimant's injury, the board applied a major contributing cause standard of proof, finding that his otherwise compensable injury combined with a preexisting condition to cause his disability or need for medical treatment. Held: Under ORS 656.005(24)(a), whether a condition is "preexisting" is not dependent on a pre-injury history of symptoms but, rather, on whether claimant has been diagnosed with the condition, or received medical services for the symptoms of the condition, before the date of the injury. Because the board did not explain how claimant's cervical spine condition satisfied that statutory definition, the board's decision to apply a major contributing cause standard of proof, rather than a material contributing cause standard, was not supported by substantial reason. Reversed and remanded for reconsideration. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Crystal Marie Shelly, Appellant. Schuman, J.; Hargreaves, S. J., dissenting. Defendant appeals from a judgment of conviction for robbery in the first degree and burglary in the first degree. She assigns error to the trial court's refusal to permit crossexamination of a witness for the purpose of establishing that the witness had an interest in currying favor with the prosecution and that, therefore, his testimony might lack credibility. In particular, defendant wanted to cross-examine the witness about his status at the time of trial as a probationer exposed to revocation. Held: The trial court erred in not permitting defendant to cross-examine the witness about his status as a probationer. Reversed and remanded for new trial. David H. Daniel, as Sheriff of Josephine County, Oregon, Respondent, v. Board of County Commissioners for Josephine County, Oregon, Appellant. David H. Daniel, as Sheriff of Josephine County, Oregon, Respondent, v. James Riddle, James Raffenburg, and Dwight F. Ellis, County Commissioners of Josephine County, and Josephine County, a political subdivision of the State of Oregon, Appellants. Schuman, J. These consolidated appeals stem from a dispute between the Sheriff of Josephine County (plaintiff) and the county commissioners (defendants) over which party has the authority to promote individual sheriff's deputies. In the first case (A131487), defendants appeal a judgment declaring that, although defendants have the authority to set the maximum number of deputies in 4 the sheriff's department and the department's budget, plaintiff has "the legal right to control promotion/reclassification decisions." In the second case (A131473), defendants appeal a judgment nullifying county legislation purporting to establish that the sheriff's department must consist of one undersheriff, one lieutenant, and eight sergeants. Held: Defendants' authority to fix the compensation of every deputy necessarily gives them the authority to determine how many deputies will occupy each salary level in plaintiff's department; therefore, the court erred in the declaratory judgment action to the extent that it concluded that plaintiff has the authority to increase the number of deputies receiving a particular salary set by defendants. It also erred in nullifying defendants' legislation. In A131487, judgment vacated and remanded; in A131473, reversed. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Shawn N. Bisby, Appellant. Schuman, J. Defendant appeals a judgment that modified a sentence that he had fully served. Pursuant to a plea bargain in two cases, defendant pleaded guilty or no contest to four charges, including coercion and witness tampering. Defendant stipulated to a 72-month sentence to be imposed on the coercion conviction with the other sentences to be served concurrently. Defendant later sought post-conviction relief, arguing that his trial counsel had been inadequate because he did not tell defendant that the 72-month sentence exceeded the maximum length that could be imposed on the coercion conviction. The post-conviction court agreed and vacated all of the sentences. On remand, in an apparent attempt to make the total modified sentences approximate the original total, the sentencing court reduced the 72-month coercion sentence by 36 months, increased the witness tampering sentence from 25 to 30 months, and made the two sentences consecutive, for a total period of incarceration of 66 months. At the time, more than 25 months had elapsed since defendant had been originally sentenced; thus, the modified sentence for witness tampering reinstated a sentence that had been fully served and made it consecutive to an ongoing sentence. On appeal, defendant argues that the court did not have authority to increase his 25-month sentence for tampering or to make it consecutive to the sentence for coercion because the tampering sentence had been fully served. Held: The sentencing court erred in modifying defendant's already-served sentence on his conviction for tampering with a witness because such a modification was beyond the authority of the sentencing court. Sentences vacated; remanded for resentencing; otherwise affirmed. In the Matter of C. R.-J. P., a Minor Child. State ex rel Department of Human Services, Respondent, v. A. M. P., aka A. M. J., and B. P., II, Appellants. In the Matter of B. N. P., a Minor Child. State ex rel Department of Human Services, Respondent, v. A. M. P., aka A. M. J., and B. P., II, Appellants. In the Matter of K. F. M. P., a Minor Child. State ex rel Department of Human Services, Respondent, v. A. M. P., aka A. M. J., and B. P., II, Appellants. Ortega, J. Mother and father appeal from a juvenile court judgment terminating their parental rights to their three children. Mother has a history of mental illness, and both mother and father have histories of drug use and criminal activity. At the time of termination, mother had recently been released from prison and father was incarcerated. The trial court terminated mother's and father's parental rights based on unfitness, ORS 419B.504. Held: On de novo review, the Court 5 of Appeals reverses termination as to both parents. ORS 419B.504 requires the state to prove that a parent's conduct or condition has had a seriously detrimental effect on a child. The inquiry is child-specific and requires the state to make a specific showing regarding the particular children at issue. Here, the state failed to make such a showing, and therefore the evidence is insufficient to support termination. Reversed. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Robert Allen Foreman, Appellant. Rosenblum, J. Defendant appeals his conviction and sentence for first-degree sexual abuse and firstdegree sodomy. He argues that the trial court erred in admitting into evidence hearsay statements made by the three-year-old victim to her mother. Specifically, he contends that there was no corroborative evidence that he had an opportunity to participate in the conduct alleged. He also argues that the court committed plain error under the Confrontation Clause by admitting statements made by the victim to a doctor. Held: The mother's testimony that defendant was at her grandmother's home--where the victim said the abuse occurred--when she picked the victim up supported and strengthened the conclusion that defendant had an opportunity to commit the abuse. Admission of the doctor's testimony was not plainly erroneous. It is not clear that the victim's statements constituted testimonial hearsay, because a reasonable dispute exists as to whether the statements were made primarily for purposes of diagnosis and treatment rather than to assist in a police investigation. Affirmed. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Mervin Barteaux, Appellant. Rosenblum, J. Defendant was convicted of multiple counts of sodomy in the first degree, ORS 163.405(1)(d), unlawful sexual penetration in the first degree, ORS 163.411(1)(c), and sexual abuse in the first degree, ORS 163.427, based on sexual contacts with his developmentally disabled adult cousin. He argues that the state failed to present evidence from which a rational jury could conclude that his cousin was incapable of consent by reason of her mental defect. See ORS 163.305(3); ORS 163.315(1)(b). Held: The state's expert witness's testimony demonstrated the necessary link between the victim's mental condition and her incapacity to consent to sexual contact because it demonstrated that the victim's mental defect rendered her incapable of exercising judgment to make a choice about whether to engage in sexual contact with defendant. Based on that testimony, a rational juror could have concluded that the victim was incapable of consent by reason of her mental defect. Affirmed. State of Oregon, Respondent, v. Vitaliy V. Matviyenko, Appellant. Rosenblum, J. Defendant was convicted of driving under the influence of intoxicants. On appeal, he challenges the denial of his motion to suppress evidence of his Intoxilyzer test results on the ground that he was denied the opportunity to consult with counsel before deciding whether to consent to take the test. The state argues that the arresting officer gave him the opportunity to make any phone calls before taking the test and that defendant waived the right to consult with counsel by failing to take advantage of the opportunity. Held: The arresting officer did not provide a reasonable opportunity to consult with counsel. The right to counsel includes the right 6 to confidential communication. After defendant asked to speak with an attorney, the officer took him to a room with a telephone in which he could not be left alone. Moreover, after telling defendant that he could make his telephone calls, the officer sat down at the desk and gave no indication that he would give defendant privacy if he called an attorney. Reversed and remanded. [End of Document] 7