Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Define Psychology
Define Psychology
in Your Own Words
Theory (School
of Thought)
People Who
Contributed to
the Theory
Explanation of the Theory
1.
Definition:
2.
Introspection:
Structuralism
Limitations of Introspection:
Definition:
Functionalism 1.
How are Structuralism & Functionalism Similar?
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Theory (School
of Thought)
People Who
Contributed to
the Theory
Explanation of the Theory
Definition:
Psychoanalysis 1.
What motivates human behavior?
What determines adult personality?
Definition:
1.
Behaviorism
2.
Goal of Behaviorists?
3.
1.
Humanism
2.
Definition:
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Definition
Biological Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Experimental Psychology
Developmental
Psychology
Industrial/Organizational
Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Psychiatrist
What is difference b/w clinical psychologist and psychiatrist?
Educational Psychology
School Psychology
Counseling Psychology
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Definition
Hypothesis
Variables
Operational Definition
Statistics
Statistically Significant
Theory
What is difference b/w hypothesis & theory?
Definition in Your Own Words
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Descriptive Define Descriptive Research Method:
Research
Method
Examples & Other Information
Answers what questions?
Define Naturalistic Observation:
What did Pepler & Craig conclude from
observing bullying behavior?
Naturalistic
Observation
Examples of Naturalistic Observation?
Case Study
Define Case Study
Examples?
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Define Survey:
Examples?
Survey
Define Sample:
Define Representative Sample:
Define Random Selection:
Correlation Define Correlation:
Study
Why are
correlations
studies
valuable?
Examples of Correlations:
Define Correlation Coefficient:
Example of a Positive Correlation:
What is the maximum correlation coefficient?
Example of a Negative Correlation:
Define Positive Correlation:
Critical Point About Correlations:
Define Negative Correlation:
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Definition
Experimental
Method
Definition in Your Own Words
Two limitations to the Experimental Method?
1.
2.
Independent
Variable (IV)
Dependent
Variable (DV)
Random
Assignment
Experimental
Group
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Control Group
Placebo Control
Group
Expectancy
Effect
Double Blind
Study
Natural
Experiment
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Identify the IV & DV for
Independent
each example.
Variable
Anderson & Dill: Effects type of video
of playing violent/nongame played
violent video games on
aggressive behavior.
Children’s reading skill is
measured after taking
either a special reading
class or a standard
reading class.
College students
memory for German
vocabulary words is
tested after a normal
nights sleep, or a night of
no sleep.
The effect of a daily
walking program on
elderly peoples lung
capacity.
Dependent
Variable
aggressive
behavior
Experimental
Control
Placebo
Group
Group
Group
Played
Played non- NONE
violent video violent
games
video games
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
Identify the IV & DV for
each example.
People’s ability to avoid
accidents in a driving
simulator is tested
before, during, and after
talking on a cell phone.
People’s energy level is
measured after drinking
coffee, decaf coffee, or
water?
Independent
Variable
Dependent
Variable
Experimental
Group
Research Question
1. Does oat bran reduce cholesterol?
2. Does exposure to day care enhance children’s social skills?
3. Do couples who cohabit prior to marriage experience greater success
in keeping the marriage together?
4. How do gorillas mate?
Control
Group
Placebo
Group
What type of Research
would be best?
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
5. Do people exhibit more aggressive behavior when it is hot?
6. How do people behave in elevators?
7. Does taking Vitamin C reduce the number of colds a person gets?
8. Does touch affect the physical growth of children?
9. Does eating fast make people obese?
10. Is spanking an effective way to discipline children?
11. Which new antidepressant is more effective in treating depression?
12. In fifth grade classrooms, are boys or girls more likely to say
answers aloud without raising their hands?
13. Is there a relationship between the number of books in a family’s
home and the children’s school grades?
14. The police have discovered a 6 year old who has been kept in a room by
herself since birth and not exposed to spoken language. Does the lack of early
exposure to language result in an inability to learn language?
15. How many hours of TV do 8 year olds in the United States watch
per day?
Chapter 1: Origins of Psychology
List the Six APA Ethical Guidelines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Who ensures that the APA Ethical Guidelines
are followed?
Explain in your own words