� I • • • ! I I I I I I I ' • .. - � - - - .. photo credits COVER: (bkgd) Photodisc Red/Getty CONTENT-AREA VOCABULARY Words related to economics and business (see glossary) Images. 1: (c) C Squared Studios/Getty Images 3: (c) Tom Stewart/CORBIS �: (b) AP Photo/Newport News-Doily Press, Heather S Hughes 5: (tr) C Squared Studios/Getty Images. 6: (t) TS Webster/Chocolate Farm. 7: (br) Neal Stafford/Chocolate Factory 8: (br) C Squared Studios/Getty Images II: (c) Michael CONTENT STANDARDS Social Studies Newman/Photo Edit, Inc 13: (b) Think Computer Corporation 15: (b) Dennis MacDonald/Aiamy Images 16: (br) Photodisc/Getty Images 17: (b) Coral • History and Megan Britton 19: (b) Photodisc Red/Getty Images 20: (br) Marianne Coates 21: (b) Ariel Skelley/CORBIS. Word count: 2,662** B The McGraw-Hill Companies B B Macmillan McGraw-Hill Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Two Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10121. Copyright© b y Macmillan/McGraw-HilL All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Printed in the United States of America 7 8 910910 09 **The total word count is based on words in the running text and headings only. Numerals and words in captions, labels, diagrams, charts, and sidebars are not included. by Laura Shallop Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Chapter 1 A Hobby Grows into a Business .. . . . . . .. . . . . 4 Chapter 2 Kid Entrepreneurs Have Great Ideas . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . 17 Chapter 3 Kid Entrepreneurs Love Their Work . Chapter 4 Kid Entrepreneurs Make a Difference Conclusion Glossary Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Comprehension Check Introduetion It's never too early to start thinking about a career. When you grow up, you'll need to look for a job. Which one will you choose? Many people make money by working for a business. They are employees of that business. That means they are earning a living by working for a business owned by someone else. Entrepreneurs, however, are both owners and employees. An entrepreneur is someone who takes risks to create a new product or start a new business. Today many kids start their own businesses, and you can be one of them. Think about it. You're the boss! You can pick what interests you most and build a business around it. If you like art, you can start a design business. If you like writing, you can write a book and sell it yourself. If you enjoy the Internet, you can launch your own Web service company. If you want to help a particular cause, you can raise money for it. 2 With a few business skills and a dash of self-confidence, any kid can become an entrepreneur. But being the boss comes with a lot of responsibility because the success or failure of your company is in your hands! There are lots of benefits to being self-employed. You get to make the rules, create your own hours, and choose your place of work. Chapter 1 A Hobby Grows into a Business Most kids create businesses out of a hobby. That's what Kenny Kirkpatrick did when he turned his passion for woodworking into a business called Ken's Pens. When Kenny was eight years old, he saw an ad for pen kits in a woodworking catalog and decided to give it a try. By the age of 13 , he had a new moneymaking enterprise selling wood-covered pens. Kenny figures that the cost of the raw materials for each pen is about $5. He sells his pens for $25 to $5 0. At these prices he can pay his advertising and shipping costs and still have enough money left over to make a nice profit. 0 Kenny sands and smoothes the outsides of his pens. He buys the inner pen parts from another company. Then he puts them all together. Sometimes kid entrepreneurs face obstacles because they are young. Crystal Ann Ramous made scenery for her school drama club. Teachers and friends praised her work. So she donated her time to arrange flowers for school and church events. But then she discovered that people would pay her for her services. At 13, she decorated a wedding for more than 200 people! In spite of her talent and achievements, however, many people doubted that Crystal could run a business because of her age. In 2003 Crystal attended a summer business camp for children called BizCamp. It was run by the National Foundation of Teaching Entrepreneurs (NFTE). There, she improved her math skills and learned how to write a business plan. A business plan helps young entrepreneurs map out the important details of their new company. The BizCamp experience boosted Crystal's confidence, and she went on to expand her flower service business. In 2003 Crystal won NFTE's :) BizPian Competition. 5 0 Elise and Evan teamed up to sell a lot of olate. A Kid Choeolate Business To be successful in business, it's important to start with the right ingredients. When she was three years old, Elise Macmillan learned how to make candy from her grandmother. At ten, she started selling her homemade chocolate to people in her neighborhood. In 1998 Elise opened The Chocolate Farm. Soon after, her brother Evan joined the business and they launched a new Web site on the Internet to sell their candy all over the world. Now the popular Web site gets about 10,000 visitors a day! 6 Elise and Evan make a winning team. She is in charge of making up new recipes while he plans different ways to sell their candy. Today The Chocolate Farm brings in more than $1 million a year. The story of Elise, Evan, and The Chocolate Farm has been reported in newspapers and magazines. The two have also appeared on many television shows. Who knew chocolate could be so g ood for you? !n 2001 The Chocolat(:; � Farm was named h t:> top youth fot'ld b usiness in tne U r.itr-d S tate'> by YoungEfz magaz1ne. 7 Chapter 2 Kid Entrepreneurs Have Great Ideas Erica Gluck thought up a new food business when she was just seven years old. She asked the owners of a pasta shop if she could sell some of their tasty pasta at a weekend farmers market. At first her parents thought she was crazy! But then they decided to help her. The first week the Gluck family bought 120 pasta packages at $1.25 each. They sold the packages for twice that amount. Suddenly Erica's Pasta was born. The only extra item they bought was a tablecloth for th farmers market for $1.29! 8 The Top 10 Kid-Owned Businesses Here is a list of the top 10 moneymaking, kid-owned businesses from 2001: 1. Computer Hardware and Software 2. Infotainment (Information and Entertainment) 3. E-Commerce (Internet) 4. Food 5. Computer Design 6. Home and Office Services 7. Sports 8. Arts and Crafts 9. Agriculture 10. Practical Products Before long, Erica's parents began dedicating all their time to running Erica's Pasta. The Gluck family now also sells olive oils and breads on the Internet. In addition, they manage Pasta Press, a company that publishes pasta cookbooks. Erica helps her dad create kid-friendly recipes. 9 A Kid Teeh Business Tyrone Gray started his business, T MCP Printing Services, out of his home in 1999. He was 15 years old. Two years later he moved his company into a storefront in a busy part of town because he needed more space. Today he makes a monthly profit of about $1,000. Tyrone identified an important key to business success-marketing. Marketing is telling customers about your business and selling your products. Tyrone offers his customers a toll-free business number and a company Web site. He e-mails bulletins to newspapers and networks, or makes contact with other businesses, through the Chamber of Commerce. This is an organization that helps local businesses. Tyrone is their youngest member. With the Chamber's help, he held a grand opening to bring more attention to his company. This event gave him a lot of free publicity when a local newspaper ran a front-page story about him. Printing services print everything to manuals. 10 from cards :) Chapter 3 Kid Entrepreneurs Love Their Work Aaron Greenspan has liked playing with electronics since he was a young boy. He practiced his craft by fixing computers for his friends and family. They became his first customers. Soon Aaron started fixing computers for different businesses. At 15, he became president of his own company, Think Computer. Aaron uses the Internet to reach customers around the globe. His company's Web site gives information about his products and services. Aaron thinks it's a perfect way to build his business since it allows people to focus on his work instead of his age. Another computer company was created by Pankaj Arora. Pankaj started out by taking apart his father's old computers. He ruined a few, but that's how he learned to fix them. At 16, Pankaj's persistence paid off. He started Pankaj Arora Software. Pankaj had discovered an important secret of business success. When you love what you're doing, it doesn't feel like work. He should know. At one time he turned down a job paying $100,000 a year! That's because money is not the main reason Pankaj works on computers. Besides, he has never wanted to work for someone else. He enjoys running his own company. <: In 2000 Aaron created the Think Computer Foundation. It provides computers for children in Jamaica and Brazil. 13 Starting Your Own Business Are you thinking about starting your own business? Here's some good advice from Pankaj to inspire you: 1. Think and prepare before you make a decision. Ask yourself: How will I feel about my decision? What do my parents and peers think of my decision? 2. Know your stuff. Study the business or industry in which you're interested. Take the time to learn all the necessary skills you will need. 3. Never quit. A good leader needs to be motivated, energetic, and able to take success-and failure-in stride. 4. Don't expect success overnight. Plan to work long and hard to turn your plans into reality. Don't be discouraged by other people. Be confident in yourself and in your abilities. 14 A Kid Farming Business Kelsey Deaton had an enterprising idea for a new business. This creative teenager decided to cut a giant maze into her family's cornfield. She named it Deaton's Corn Maze. The first year, over 1,000 customers bought tickets to visit. Kelsey did a lot of homework before launching her business venture. She asked her friends and neighbors if they would visit her maze and how much they would pay. Their answers helped Kelsey. She was able to convince her parents to rent her 8 acres (3 hectares) on which to build her maze. After the success of her first year, she increased the size of the maze by 10 acres (4 hectares) and more than doubled her business. e The maze is an ancient art that thousands of years. has been around Today there are over 665 mazes in the United States. for corn-crop Findin� Workers Fishing with his grandfather was always one of Travis Keith Bruce's favorite pastimes. One summer he and some friends decided to raise fishing worms. Then Travis did an Internet search on worms and learned that he could make money with his new hobby. So, at 12 years old, he launched T. K. Worm Factory. His company sells earthworms. Now he takes orders from customers as far away as Japan and Ecuado� Travis hired his best friend, Decardos Maddox, to help him run his company. Together they feed the worms and find ways to make the business grow. Travis and Decardos are a good team. 16 Chapter 4 Kid Entrepreneurs Make a Differenee Many kid entrepreneurs use their leadership skills outside the business world, too. These young go-getters work with charity groups to make a difference. One such person is 11-year-old Megan Britton. Her idea for a charity garage sale helped raise money for her community. 0 Megan's garage sale inspired her friends to get involved. Path to Change Here are the steps Megan Britton took to do something for her community: See It: Megan saw that many children in her area didn't get birthday presents. She also saw that they needed food during the summer when the school lunch isn't offered. Believe It: She set a goal to raise $200 through a garage sale at her house. Build It: First, she asked for donations of food and money. Then, with her parents' support, she created a plan for the garage sale. She printed fliers to spread the word in her community. Do It: Megan's two-day summer garage sale included food, books, and donated items from the neighborhood. Reflect: After raising an amazing $3,100, Megan felt great. Her project brought joy to many children. All together the school and community recycling projects coli cted 40,000 bottles and cans and ra1sed $1,320. 18 � Do Something is a nationwide group of young people who help with advice and support. In 2003 Bryan Condy asked Do Something for help. He wanted to hold a recycling event at his high school. Bryan made a plan and then he wrote a skit about recycling. At the event, kids acted in the skit. Kids also created recycling posters and won prizes for the best ones. The event was a great success. The next year his school's recycling club arranged for a community event to raise money by recycling. Bryan asked students in a marketing class to design a T-shirt for the project. Teachers wore the T-shirts a week before the event to help spread the word. Then Bryan got three local businesses to donate prizes for the event. He even made a video about recycling. -·­ ...... 0 Kid Entrepreneurs Around the World Today kids are making a difference around the world. In Costa Rica, Janine Licare and Aislin Livingstone started Kids Saving the Rainforest ( KSTR) when they were just nine years old. They sold painted rocks at a roadside table. Newspapers and magazines wrote articles about KSTR. The free publicity helped spread the word about the problems of the rainforest. A year later KSTR opened a store to sell artwork. All the money raised goes toward helping preserve the rainforest. The KSTR headquarters serves as an information center where people can learn about the rainforest. Janine Licare is holding a sloth, a rainforest animal. 20 :> Conelusion Look around you. Is there a group that needs your help? What do people in your neighborhood need? Are there dog owners who might need a dog walker? Is there a home that needs yard work done? Does someone need help learning new computer skills? Do cars need washing or houses need painting? If you can fill a need, you have the idea for a new business. Be sure to research your idea carefully and check out the safety of whatever work you choose. Safety is one of the most important things to think about in any business. With careful planning and lots of hard work, you can join the world of the self-employed. It's never too early to start making your dreams come true. Glossary business plan (8/Z-nis PLAN) a way of thinking ahead of time about an activity to make money (page 5) employee (em-PLOY-ee) a person who works for some person or business for pay (page 2) enterprise (EN-tuhr-prighz) something that a person plans or tries to do (page 4) entrepreneur (on-truh-pruh-NUR) a person who plans, sets up, and runs his or her own business (page 2) headquarters (HED-kwawr-tuhrz) the main office of a business (page 20) hire (H IGHR) to give someone a job in exchange for payment of money (page 76) launch (LAWNCH ) to start something on a course or in a direction (page 2) marketing (MAHR-ki-ting) selling and promoting a product (page 70) network (NET-wurk) to build connections with other people or businesses (page 70) organization ( awr-guh-nuh-ZAY-shuhn) a group of people that come together for a common goal; a business or company (page 10) profit (PROF-it) the money left over after all the costs of a business are paid (page 4) publicity (pu-BLIS-i-tee) making information about a product or business known to the public (page 70) raw material (RAW muh-TEER-ee-uhl) a supply needed to create a product (page 4) 22 Index BizCamp, 5 business plan, 5 Chamber of Commerce, 10 charity, 77-78 computer, 72-73 Do Something, 79 environment, 79-20 farming business, 9, 15 food business, 6-9 hobby, 4 Internet, 2, 6, 9, 73, 76 marketing, 70 National Foundation of Teaching Entrepreneurs (NFTE), 5 printing, 70-77 rainforest, 20 recycling, 78-79 YoungBiz magazine, 7 23 Comprehension Check Summarize Review the businesses in this book. What are two benefits of running your own business? What are two problems that make owning a business difficult? Use this information to summarize the book. Think and Compare 1. Which of the kid businesses that you read about in this book do you think would be the most successful? Use information from the text to support your answer. (Compare and Contrast) 2. What kind of business would you like to start? Why do you think that you would be successful? (Synthesize) 3. Why is it important for people to start businesses? How do different businesses help people around the world? What kind of businesses are the most important? (Evaluate) 24 Starting a Business Interview a family member or friend who has started a business. Ask them how they started their business, what problems they had, and how they solved them. Write up your interview and share it with the class. Create a Business Plan Pretend that you are starting a new business. Think of a good business to start. Then write a business plan. Describe your product or service. Describe your customer. Include information about how you plan to price, advertise, and market your new product or service. Include a name for your company. Kids Work Owning a business can be an exciting adventure.. It gives you the chance to see your ideas become a reality. What skills do you need to be successful in business? 4.3 Week 3 The McGraw·Hill Companies ISBN D · 02 ·193035 ·X 99701 9 �Macmillan t:M McGraw-Hill 7110021 930357