VT Green Engineering Program
Freshman Information Session
O t b 20,
October
20 2009
Dr. Sean McGinnis
Virginia Tech College of Engineering
Biological Systems
Engineering (BSE)
Chemical Engineering
(CHE)
Aeronautical & Ocean
Engineering (AOE)
Electrical & Computer
Engineering (ECE)
Computer
Science (CS)
GREEN
ENGINEERING
Engineering Science &
Mechanics (ESM)
Materials Science &
Engineering (MSE)
Civil & Environmental
Engineering (CEE)
Engineering Education
(ENGE)
Industrial & Systems
Engineering (ISE)
Mechanical
Engineering (ME)
Mineral & Mining
Engineering (MINE)
VT Green Engineering
g
g Curriculum
•
A Green Engineering Minor is available to students completing 18 credit hours
(6 courses):
Core
Courses (2):
ENGR 3124 – Intro to Green Engineering
ENGR 3134 – Environmental Life Cycle Analysis
Provide basic
foundational
concepts
•
Disciplinary
Courses (2):
Interdisciplinary
Courses (2):
Provide applications in
specific engineering
disciplines
Provide broad context
to tie engineering to
economic, social, and
political issues
Senior capstone design project and other courses in some cases may be
substituted for other approved courses toward the minor.
Green Engineering Engineering Courses
Aerospace E
A
Engineering
i
i
AOE 4064
Fluid Flows in Nature
Biological Science and Engineering
BSE 3305
Land and Water Resources Engineering
BSE 3306
Land and Water Resources Engineering
BSE 4304
Non-point
p
Source Pollution Modeling
g & Management
g
BSE 4324
Non-point Source Pollution
BSE 4394
Water Supply & Sanitation in Developing Countries
BSE 5134
Land Application of Wastes
BSE 5244
Advanced GIS in Hydrological Analysis
BSE 5354
Non-point Source Pollution Modeling
Ch i l Engineering
Chemical
E i
i
CHE 3134
Separation Processes
CHE 3184
Chemical Reactor Analysis & Design
Civil and Environmental Engineering
CEE 3104
Introduction to Environmental Engineering
CEE 4104
Water and Wastewater Treatment Design
g
CEE 4114
Fundamentals of Public Health Engineering
CEE 4144
Air Resources Engineering
CEE 4164
Environmental Microbiology
CEE 4174
Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
CEE 4304
Hydrology
CEE 4354
Environmental Hydrology
CEE 4554
Natural Disaster Mitigation
CEE 4594
Soil and Groundwater Pollution
CEE 4984
Pollution Control & Design for the Aquatic Environment
Electrical Engineering
ECE 4304
Design in Power Engineering
ECE 4364
Alternate Energy Systems (Online course)
ECE 5364
Electric Energy & Environmental Systems
Engineering Science and Mechanics
ESM 4015
Senior Design Project
I d t i l Systems
Industrial
S t
Engineering
E i
i
ISE 2204
Manufacturing Processes
ISE 4644
Occupational Safety and Hazard Control
Materials Science and Engineering
MSE 2044
Elements of Materials Engineering
MSE 4055
Material Selection and Design
M h i l Engineering
Mechanical
E i
i
ME 4134
Thermal Environmental Systems
ME 4154
Industrial Energy Management
ME 4204
Internal Combustion Engines
ME 4214
Power Generation
ME 4554
Advanced Technology for Motor Vehicles
ME 4724
Engineering Acoustics
ME 4984
Hydrogen Energy Systems
ME 4984
Building Energy Systems
ME 5214
Combustion
ME 5254
Fuel Cell Systems
ME 5734
Advanced Engineering Acoustics
Mineral and Mining Engineering
MINE 3544
Mineral Processing Laboratory
MINE 3554
Resource Recovery
MINE 4554
Mine Reclamation and Environmental Management
• Senior capstone design projects with a focus on the environmental impact of engineering can be
substituted as engineering credits for the minor.
Green Engineering Interdisciplinary Courses
Agriculture and Applied Economics
AAEC 3314 Environmental Law**
AAEC 4304 Environmental & Sustainable Development
Economics
AAEC 4314 Environmental Economic Analysis and Management
AAEC 4344 Sustainable Development Economics
Apparel, Housing, and Resource Management
AHRM 4604 Housing, Energy, and the Environment**
Architecture
ARCH 4055 Environment and Building Systems
ARCH 4056 Environment and Building Systems
Biology
BIOL 2804
Ecology
BIOL 4004
Freshwater Ecology
BIOL 4014
Environmental Toxicology
BIOL 4044
Biogeography
Ch i
Chemistry
CHEM 4984 Green Chemistry
Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences
CSES 3644 Plant Materials for Environmental Restoration
CSES 4644 Land-Based Systems for Waste Treatment
CSES
Environmental Soil Chemistryy
General Engineering
ENGR 1814 Energy, Resources and the Environment**
Environmental Science
ENSC 3634 Physics of Pollution
ENSC 4164 Environmental Microbiology
Fisheries and Wildlife
FIW 2214
Principles of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences**
FIW 4614
Fish Ecology
Forestry
FOR 2554
Nature and American Values*
Geography
GEOG 3104 Environmental Problems, Population, &
Development**
GEOG 4204 Geography of Resources**
GEOG 5234 Human Impacts on the Environment **
Geosciences
GEOS 1024 Resources Geology**
GEOS 3014 Environmental Geosciences
GEOS 4634 Environmental Geochemistry
History
HIST 3144
American Environmental History
P li i l Science
Political
S i
PSCI 3344
Global Environmental Issues**
Urban Affairs and Planning
UAP 3354
Introduction to Environmental Policy and Planning
UAP 4264
Environmental Ethics and Policy*
g and Policy
y
UAP 4374
Land Use & the Environment: Planning
UAP 4394
Community Renewable Energy Systems
Wood Science
WOOD 2784 World Forests and Forest Products**
* Area 2 Core Curriculum Courses
** A
Area 7 C
Core C
Curriculum
i l
C
Course
Whyy Consider Green Engineering?
g
g
1. Engineers have a responsibility to society
2. The relevance of this field throughout society, industry,
and
d governmentt is
i iincreasing
i significantly
i ifi
tl
3 Attractive job opportunities exist in many fields
3.
4. The curriculum is flexible,, interdisciplinary,
p
y, and practical
p
What Is Green Engineering?
g
g
Environmental
E i
Environmental
t l
Performance
Performance
Technical
Specifications
C t
Costs
•Green engineering is the design of materials, processes, systems, and devices with the objective of minimizing overall environmental impact over the entire life cycle while meeting required performance, economic, and societal constraints. Regulations,
Safety, & Risk
Aesthetics
Familiarity
with
ith Materials
M t i l
Why is Green Engineering Important?
Human Activity:
Environmental Effects:
What is Sustainability?
y
“Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs”
needs .
United Nations - Brundtland Commission Report, 1997
“In our every deliberation, we must consider the impacts of our decisions
on the next seven generations.”
F
From
the
th Great
G t Law
L off the
th Iroquois
I
i Confederacy
C f d
"Leave the world better than you found it, take no more than you need, try
not to harm life or the environment, make amends if you do."
“The Ecology of Commerce” by Paul Hawken
9
Sustainability, Green Engineering &
The Triple Bottom Line
Environmental
Planet
Social
Economic
People
Profit
• Sustainability is about difficult trade-offs today in attempts to improve
quality
q
y of life in the future.
10
IPAT Environmental Impact
p
Equation
q
(Ehrlich and Holdren,1971)
(Impact)
≈ Population
p
(Population)
x
Wealth
P
Person
x
(Affluence)
Environmental Impact
U it W
Unit
Wealth
lth
(Technology)
??
Real GDP Growth
10
G ro w th (% )
Human
Environmental
Impact
8
6
2006
2007
2008
4
2
0
World
Developed
Developing
East Asia
Category
Source: World Bank
Societal Responsibility
p
y
•
Engineers play a key role in the use of the limited resources:
–
–
–
–
•
Ores and minerals
Oil, gas, coal
Water
Wood, crops, and biomaterials
Engineers design products, process, and systems which require
energy or generate energy
– Oil, coal, natural gas, nuclear reactions
– Solar, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal energy
•
Engineers are the group best-equipped to make technical decisions
which can impact the environment
Relevance To Current Events
“Chemicals linked to cancer removed
from some nail polish lines”
Delthia Ricks,, Newsdayy Staff Writer
September 5, 2006
“Man made toxins are found in even the best diets”
“Man-made
Lewis Smith, Environment Reporter, The Times Europe
September 21, 2006
“Edible
Edible Coatings Will Be The Packaging Of The Future”
Future
Staff Writers TerraDaily – Pamplona, Spain
September 06, 2006
“Nanotechnology Risks Unknown: Insufficient
Attention Paid to Potential Dangers, Report Says”
“Global Temperature Highest in a Millenia”
Staff Writers, ABC News
September 06, 2006
Rick Weiss,
Weiss Washington Post Staff Writer
September 26, 2006
“Male Bass Across Region
g
Found to Be Bearing
g Eggs:
gg
Pollution Concerns Arise In Drinking-Water Source”
“California, Taking Big Gamble, Tries to
Curb Greenhouse Gases”
Felicity Barranger, New York Times
September 15
15, 2006
David A. Fahrenthold, Washington Post Staff Writer
Wednesday, September 6, 2006
Relevance To Current Events
“Global warming causing dramatic
decline in Great Barrier Reef’s seabirds”
www.thaindian.com
Published October 21, 2008 09:33 AM
Your ‘pure’
pure bottled water has contaminants
contaminants,
too: Study finds 38 chemicals in 10 brands,
including those common in tap water”
Associated Press
October 15, 2008
“Canada to Ban Bisphenol A in Baby Bottles,
U.S. Urged to Follow”
“EPA sets rule to get the lead out of our air”
Msnbc.com
October 16,
16 2008
“Climate change outracing EU targets, WWF warns”
From: http://euobserver.com
Published October 20, 2008 10:29 AM
“On Global Warming, McCain and Obama Agree:
Urgent Action Is Needed”
New York Times
October 15, 2008
Environmental New Service
October 21, 2008
“Developing countries eye nuclear power”
Reuters
May 12, 200
Relevance To Current Events
“Fossil Fuels’ Hidden Cost Is in Billions,
Study Says”
New York Times,, October 19,, 2009
“Energy Star Appliances May Not All Be
Efficient, Audit Finds”
N
New
Y
York
k Ti
Times, O
October
t b 18,
18 2009
“Chu backs price collar on carbon permits”
Reuters October 20
Reuters,
20, 2009
“Toyota launches new hybrid, Honda
warms to electric”
Reuters, October 20, 2009
“Rising seas threaten Shanghai, other big
cities: Millions of people in coastal areas are
vulnerable to flooding, catastrophes ”
“Senate should consider deforestation as
part of climate bill”
Associated Press, October 18, 2009
Grist/Roll Call, October 20, 2009
“Arctic trek confirms very
y thin sea ice:
Summers could be ice free in a decade,
explorers' findings indicate”
Associated Press, October 15, 2009
“U.N.
“U
N official
ffi i l expects
t no climate
li t treaty
t
t att
Copenhagen”
Grist/Agence French Presse, October 20, 2009
Green Engineering
g
g Examples
p
“Green” Job Opportunities
pp
• Engineering
– R&D, Process, Manufacturing,
g Environmental Compliance
p
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Science
Education
Government
Architecture/Construction
Medicine
Law
Management
Marketing
Green Engineering
g
g Core Courses
Introduction to Green Engineering (ENGR 3124 – Fall):
•
Introduces students to current and future environmental issues, for
example:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
Natural resource limitations
Energy issues
Climate Change
Ecosystems
Pollution and Waste
Water
Agriculture
Transportation
Explores how engineering practice impacts the environment and
how engineers can design products, processes, and systems to help
solve or minimize environmental problems
Green Engineering Core Courses
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (ENGR 3134 – Spring):
IMPACTS
Design
Atmosphere:
Global Warming
Ozone Depletion
Smog Formation
Acidification
Human Health
Manufacturing
Inputs
Extraction
Outputs
Use
Disposal
• Life Cycle Analysis helps avoid shifting the burden from one
phase to another or overlooking key environmental issues
• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) quantifies all inputs/outputs and
y of both environmental impacts
p
and total costs
allows analysis
19
Hydrosphere:
Eutrophication
Acidification
Aquifer depletion
Ecotoxicity
Human Health
p
Biosphere:
Soil depletion
Deforestation
Resource Depletion
Ecotoxicity
Human Health
Key Principles of Green Engineering
• Consider waste a design flaw
–
“Cradle To Cradle”, B. McDonough & M. Braungart
Gaseous
Waste
Materials
Chemicals
Products or Services
Process/System
Energy
Co-products
Water
Liquid
Waste
Solid
Waste
Mass balance: Mass in = Mass out
Key Principles of Green Engineering
• Consider waste a design flaw
–
“Cradle To Cradle”, B. McDonough & M. Braungart
Gaseous
Waste
Materials
Chemicals
Products or Services
Process/System
Energy
Co-products
Water
Liquid
Waste
Solid
Waste
Mass balance: Mass in = Mass out
Key Principles of Green Engineering
• Minimize Mass
Design
Extract
Manufacture
Use
Dispose
Cereal:
454 gram (1 lb)
Plastic Bag:
35 gram (1.2
(1 2 oz))
50% Recycle Rate
Cardboard Box:
70 gram (2.4 oz)
Cereal:
C
l
454 gram (1 lb)
>100 million lbs to
landfills
Plastic Bag:
35 gram (1.2 oz)
~350,000 trees
2.7 Billion Boxes sold annually
~5,000,000,000
gallons water
420 000 000 lbs cardboard
420,000,000
2,000,000
gallons fuel
100,000
gallons fuel
42 000 000 lbs
42,000,000
lb CO2 emitted
itt d
How Can I Find Out More?
•
Send email to join listserve for emails about seminars, projects, etc.
– smcginn@vt.edu
•
Check out the VT Green Engineering Website
– http://www.eng.vt.edu/green
– General information
– Links to interesting and relevant websites
•
Contact the Green Engineering Program Director
– Dr. Sean McGinnis (smcginn@vt.edu)
2090 Torgersen Hall
231-1446
Comments on the Checksheets
Engineering
Department
Graduation
Credits
Engineering
Department
Graduation
Credits
Aerospace and Ocean
136
Engineering Science & Mechanics
136
Biological Systems
134
Industrial Systems
136
Chemical
135
Materials Science
130
Civil and Environmental
131
Mechanical
130
Computer Science
120
Mining and Mineral
128
Electrical and Computer
132
• Average load in engineering is 33 credits per year
• Consider an extra semester or year to enhance your college experience
• Don’t let your major’s checksheet dictate your education