C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net C# School Assignment? Project Due Tomorrow? Chat LIVE With A Programming Expert! Home Forums Programming Programming Help C and C++ VB6 Java VB.NET C# Web Development Tutorials Snippets ColdFusion Perl and Python Ruby Freelance Jobs Login Lounge Join for Free! Search Updated! w00t Dream.In.Code > Programming Tutorials > C# Tutorials Over 509,000 Pages! Welcome to Dream.In.Code Go Become a C# Expert! ???????? ???? How Smart Are You? Looking to prove your programming intelligence? See how you compare. www.cambriancode.com Advanced Forum Search Join 289,290 C# Programmers for FREE! Live C# Help! Get instant access to thousands of C# experts, tutorials, code ASP.NET PHP Blogs C# Code Library Open Source Code Snippet Library. Free Community for Developers. snippets, and more! There are www.daniweb.com/code Registration is fast and Databases Free C# Component Free .NET security component for user mgmt and access control. Other Languages www.PortSight.com/SecureAccess 3,285 people online right now. FREE... Join Now! Chat LIVE With a C# Expert Game Programming Be Social Mobile Development Software Development Computer Science Industry News Serial Port Communication in C# 2 Pages 1 2 > Serial Port Communication in C# Options Serial Port Communication in C# Get Help With Programming, Math, Science, or English Homework! Basic Client/Server Chat Application in C# Web Development Web Development C# Tutorials PsychoCoder HTML & CSS C# Basics Quick Reference (Cheat Sheet) JavaScript Create an AutoComplete TextBox Control in C# Graphic Design Flash & ActionScript 20 Oct, 2007 - 07:09 PM Post #1 Deploying a C# application (Visual Studio Setup Project) 5 Cross Thread Communication in C# Welcome to my tutorial on Serial Port Communication in C#. Lately Ive seen a Blogging lot of questions on how to send and receive data through a serial port, so I SEO & Advertising thought it was time to write on the topic. Back in the days of Visual Basic 6.0, Web Servers & Hosting you had to use the MSComm Control that was shipped with VB6, the only Basic Calculator in C# Site Check problem with this method was you needed to make sure you included that SQL Basics in C# control in your installation package, not really that big of a deal. The control did Read config file in Class Library exactly what was needed for the task. 114 More C# Tutorials... 0 We were then introduced to .Net 1.1, VB programmers loved the fact that Visual Basic C# - Reading each character of a string Reference Sheets had finally evolved to an OO language. It was soon discovered that, with all it's OO abilities, the ability to communicate via a serial port wasn't available, so once again VB developers were forced to rely on the MSComm Control from previous versions of Visual Basic, still not that big of a deal, but some were upset that an intrinsic way of serial port communication wasn't offered with the .net Framework. Worse yet, C# developers had to rely on a Visual Basic control and Namespace if they wanted to communicate via serial port. C# Snippets Then along comes .Net 2.0, and this time Microsoft added the System.IO.Ports http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ Get connection string from the web.config C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net Namespace, and within that was the SerialPort Class. DotNet developers finally had an intrinsic way of serial port communication, without having to deal with the Read value from Resource file in C# complexities of interoping with an old legacy ActiveX OCX control. One of the most Populating Tree View nodes from sql server 2000 useful methods in the SerialPort class is the GetPortNames Method. This allows you to retrieve a list of available ports (COM1,COM2,etc.) available for the computer the Validate IP address with Regular Expression application is running on. Search Text file for String Kill a process if its running Now that we have that out of the way, lets move on to programming our application. As with all application I create, I keep functionality separated from presentation, I do this by creating Manager classes that manage the functionality for a given process. What we will be looking at is the code in my CommunicationManager class. As with anything you write in .Net you need to add the references to the Namespace's you'll be using: TreeView Drag n Drop Check if a process is running Get checked item in gridView (ASP.Net) and store in session Find all classes within a Namespace 400 More C# Snippets... DIC Chatroom CODE What's Here? Bye Bye Ads Members: 289,290 using System; Replies: 800,057 using System.Text; Topics: 132,216 Snippets: 4,328 Join our IRC Chat using System.Drawing; Monthly Drawing using System.IO.Ports; Tutorials: 1,119 Total Online: 3,285 Members: 155 Guests: 3,130 In this application I wanted to give the user the option of what format they wanted to send the message in, either string or binary, so we have an enumeration for that, and Top Contributors Top 10 Kudos This Month gabehabe (250) an enumerations for the type of message i.e; Incoming, Outgoing, Error, etc. The jinnyishere (125) main purpose of this enumeration is for changing the color of the text displayed to the macosxnerd101 (125) user according to message type. Here are the enumerations: gbertoli3 (125) noorahmad (125) Rickster0 (100) CODE olibenu (100) japanir (100) kewlkreator (75) #region Manager Enums VB.Terry (50) /// <summary> /// enumeration to hold our transmission types /// </summary> public enum TransmissionType { Text, Hex } Select Language Select Language Powered by /// <summary> /// enumeration to hold our message types /// </summary> public enum MessageType { Incoming, Outgoing, Normal, Warning, #endregion Next we have our variable list, 6 of them are for populating our class Properties, the other 2 are access throughout the class so they needed to be made global: CODE http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ Translate C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net #region Manager Variables //property variables private string _baudRate = string.Empty; private string _parity = string.Empty; private string _stopBits = string.Empty; private string _dataBits = string.Empty; private string _portName = string.Empty; private TransmissionType _transType; private RichTextBox _displayWindow; //global manager variables private Color[] MessageColor = { Color.Blue, Color.Green, Col private SerialPort comPort = new SerialPort(); #endregion NOTE:I always separate my code into sections using the #region ... #endregion to make it easier when scanning my code. It is a design choice so it's not necessary if you don't want to do it. Now we need to create our class properties. All the properties in this class are public read/write properties. We have properties for the following items of the Serial Port: Baud Rate: A measure of the speed of serial communication, roughly equivalent to bits per second. Parity: The even or odd quality of the number of 1's or 0's in a binary code, often used to determine the integrity of data especially after transmission. Stop Bits: A bit that signals the end of a transmission unit Data Bits: The number of bits used to represent one character of data. Port Name: The port with which we're communicating through, i.e; COM1, COM2, etc. We also have 2 properties that aren't related to the port itself, but with where the data will be displayed, and what transmission type to use: CODE #region Manager Properties /// <summary> /// Property to hold the BaudRate /// of our manager class /// </summary> public string BaudRate { get { return _baudRate; } set { _baudRate = value; } } /// <summary> /// property to hold the Parity /// of our manager class /// </summary> public string Parity http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net { get { return _parity; } set { _parity = value; } } To be able to instantiate any class object we create we need Constructors. Constructors are the entry point to your class, and is the first code executed when instantiating a class object. We have 2 constructors for our manager class, one that sets our properties to a specified value, and one that sets our properties to an empty value, thus initializing the variables preventing a NullReferenceException from occurring. We also add an EventHandler in the constructor, the event will be executed whenever there's data waiting in the buffer: CODE #region Manager Constructors /// <summary> /// Constructor to set the properties of our Manager Class /// </summary> /// <param name="baud">Desired BaudRate</param> /// <param name="par">Desired Parity</param> /// <param name="sBits">Desired StopBits</param> /// <param name="dBits">Desired DataBits</param> /// <param name="name">Desired PortName</param> public CommunicationManager(string baud, string par, string sB { _baudRate = baud; _parity = par; _stopBits = sBits; _dataBits = dBits; _portName = name; _displayWindow = rtb; //now add an event handler comPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler The first think you need to know about serial port communication is writing data to the port. The first thing we do in our WriteData method is to check what transmission mode the user has selected, since binary data needs to be converted into binary, then back to string for displaying to the user. Next we need to make sure the port is open, for this we use the IsOpen Property of the SerialPort Class. If the port isn't open we open it by calling the Open Method of the SerialPort Class. For writing to the port we use the Write Method: CODE #region WriteData http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net public void WriteData(string msg) { switch (CurrentTransmissionType) { case TransmissionType.Text: //first make sure the port is open //if its not open then open it if (!(comPort.IsOpen == true)) comPort.Open(); //send the message to the port comPort.Write(msg); //display the message DisplayData(MessageType.Outgoing, msg + "\n"); break; case TransmissionType.Hex: try { //convert the message to byte array byte[] newMsg = HexToByte(msg); //send the message to the port You will notice in this method we call three methods: HexToByte ByteToHex DisplayData These methods are required for this manager. The HexToByte method converts the data provided to binary format, then the ByteToHex converts it back to hex format for displaying. The last one, DisplayData is where we marshal a call to the thread that created the control for displaying the data, since UI controls can only be accessed by the thread that created them. First we'll look at converting the string provided to binary format: CODE #region HexToByte /// <summary> /// method to convert hex string into a byte array /// </summary> /// <param name="msg">string to convert</param> /// <returns>a byte array</returns> private byte[] HexToByte(string msg) { //remove any spaces from the string msg = msg.Replace(" ", ""); //create a byte array the length of the //string divided by 2 byte[] comBuffer = new byte[msg.Length / 2]; //loop through the length of the provided string for (int i = 0; i < msg.Length; i += 2) //convert each set of 2 characters to a byte //and add to the array comBuffer[i / 2] = ( http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ )Convert.ToByte(msg.Substring C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net byte //return the array return comBuffer; Here we convert the provided string to a byte array, then the WriteData method sends it out the port. For displaying we need to convert it back into string format, so we use the ByteToHex method we created: CODE #region ByteToHex /// <summary> /// method to convert a byte array into a hex string /// </summary> /// <param name="comByte">byte array to convert</param> /// <returns>a hex string</returns> private string ByteToHex(byte[] comByte) { //create a new StringBuilder object StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(comByte.Length * //loop through each byte in the array foreach (byte data in comByte) //convert the byte to a string and add to the stringbu builder.Append(Convert.ToString(data, 16).PadLeft(2, //return the converted value return builder.ToString().ToUpper(); } #endregion The last method that WriteData depends on is the DisplayData method. Here we use the Invoke Method of our RichTextBox, the control used to display the data, to create a new EventHandler which creates a new Delegate for setting the properties we wish for our message, then appending it to the value already displayed: CODE #region DisplayData /// <summary> /// method to display the data to & from the port /// on the screen /// </summary> /// <param name="type">MessageType of the message</param> /// <param name="msg">Message to display</param> [STAThread] private void DisplayData(MessageType type, string msg) { http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net _displayWindow.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate { _displayWindow.SelectedText = string.Empty; _displayWindow.SelectionFont = new Font(_displayWindow.Selec _displayWindow.SelectionColor = MessageColor[(int)type]; _displayWindow.AppendText(msg); _displayWindow.ScrollToCaret(); })); } #endregion NOTE: You will notice that we hyave added the STAThread Attribute to our method. This is used when a single thread apartment is required by a control, like the RichTextBox. The next method we will look at it used when we need to open the port initially. Here we set the BaudRate, Parity, StopBits, DataBits and PortName Properties of the SerialPort Class: CODE #region OpenPort public bool OpenPort() { try { //first check if the port is already open //if its open then close it if (comPort.IsOpen == true) comPort.Close(); //set the properties of our SerialPort Object comPort.BaudRate = int.Parse(_baudRate); //BaudRate comPort.DataBits = int.Parse(_dataBits); //DataBits comPort.StopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBit comPort.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity),_p comPort.PortName = _portName; //PortName //now open the port O () Next lets take a look at our event handler. This event will be executed whenever there's data waiting in the buffer. This method looks identical to our WriteData method, because it has to do the same exact work: CODE http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net #region comPort_DataReceived /// <summary> /// method that will be called when theres data waiting in the /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> void comPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEve { //determine the mode the user selected (binary/string) switch (CurrentTransmissionType) { //user chose string case TransmissionType.Text: //read data waiting in the buffer string msg = comPort.ReadExisting(); //display the data to the user DisplayData(MessageType.Incoming, msg + "\n"); break; //user chose binary We have 3 small methods left, and these are actually optional, for the lack of a better word. These methods are used to populate my ComboBox's on my UI with the port names available on the computer, Parity values and Stop Bit values. The Parity and Stop Bits are available in enumerations included with the .Net Framework 2.0: Parity Enumeration StopBits Enumeration CODE #region SetParityValues public void SetParityValues(object obj) { foreach (string str in Enum.GetNames(typeof(Parity))) { ((ComboBox)obj).Items.Add(str); } } #endregion #region SetStopBitValues public void SetStopBitValues(object obj) { foreach (string str in Enum.GetNames(typeof(StopBits))) { ((ComboBox)obj).Items.Add(str); } } #endregion #region SetPortNameValues http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net That is how you do Serial Port Communication in C#. Microsoft finally gave us intrinsic tools to perform this task, no more relying on legacy objects. I am providing this class and a sample application to show how to implement what we just learned. What I am providing is under the GNU General Public License meaning you can modify and distribute how you see fit, but the license header must stay in tact. I hope you found this tutorial useful and informative, thank you for reading. Happy Coding SerialPortCommunication.zip ( 101.85k ) Number of downloads: 39986 This post has been edited by PsychoCoder: 12 Nov, 2007 - 10:58 PM Register to Make This Ad Go Away! Louisda16th 20 Oct, 2007 - 09:57 PM Post #2 Nice tutorial! Thanx ecsv8agb 28 Dec, 2007 - 11:38 PM QUOTE(Louisda16th @ 20 Oct, 2007 - 10:57 PM) Nice tutorial! Thanx This code can not be use ! no react of the application http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ Post #3 C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net PsychoCoder 9 Feb, 2008 - 05:33 AM Post #4 Well it does work, it was tested many many times before I posted it, and when I wrote it I had no problems with it not receiving and sending data. In fact I still have the application on my machine, I just loaded it up and it worked fine, and its the same application I posted here. Can you be a little more specific about the problem you're having? erik006 23 Feb, 2008 - 01:09 PM Post #5 I've been trying to use this code (as is - from zip file) to communication with an embedded target. The target is connected with to the computer using a usb<->serial adapter. I'm sending data from the target to the computer every second (ascii data). However, even though opening the port seems to be successful, i never receive any data. I know my setup is functional since I can communicate with the target using Realterm, and i'm receiving the data properly. What could the problem be? Erik th4k1dd 20 Mar, 2008 - 05:46 AM Post #6 Hello, I was so excited to find this post and can't wait to play. I did run into one problem I am having with the code. I went ahead and threw it into C# and compiled. The program detects my one and only COM port, COM12 and adds it to the port drop down box like it should. However, when I hit the Open Port button, it throws up an error in the Rich Text Box which says that COM1 does not exist. Of course that was not a mistype. I select COM12 and yet it tries to connect to COM1. I took a look at the code and followed the _portName variable but was unable to see why it would cut off the 2 in 12. It would seem it should not as the variable is setup as a string. Quick Info: Windows Vista Business Microsoft .Net Visual Studio 2008 Express Arduino USB Microcontroller Card http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net Port Settings (should be): COM12, 9600, None, 1, 8 Programs Receiving COM12: Arduino Software, Putty, & Realterm Am I missing something? You help is greatly appreciated. One thing I noticed...I went into Device Manager and changed the USB Virtual COM port to use COM1 and for some reason the program works fine. Also works great if changed to COM2 in Device Manager. Any ideas? * Needs to read up on variable tracing * kingmighty_spades 29 Mar, 2008 - 08:21 AM Post #7 Nice tutorial! Thanx This post has been edited by kingmighty_spades: 29 Mar, 2008 - 08:22 AM PsychoCoder 29 Mar, 2008 - 12:18 PM Post #8 No problem, thanks for the compliment **silver** 29 Apr, 2008 - 01:05 AM Post #9 Nice tutorial ,But i have a problem , when I hit the Open Port button, it throws up an error in the Rich Text Box which says that "Access to the port COM1 is denied". Iam using Windows XP and i use this Serialcommunicator program to communicate with my mouse which i plug it to COM1 at the same time, can anybody help me ??? But when I take off the my Serial Mouse , Program work correctly. Waht can i do? I have a project , taking serial mouse data and display them on the screen. This post has been edited by **silver**: 29 Apr, 2008 - 01:57 AM Pirmin 30 Apr, 2008 - 09:18 PM http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ Post #10 C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net Hi It's nice code indeed, but has at least one small fault which has made problems to some people and also to me now. The code will run correctly as long as you are working with COM1 (Default). For working with any other Com-Port you need to amend the Method cmdOpen_Click, adding (insert before comm.OpenPort()) the line CODE comm.PortName = cboPort.Text; With this correction done, the desired port opens, but I'm still having problems receiving data. But I think my new problem could be particular to my device and therefore I'm assuming, the code is fine now. Regards Pirmin This post has been edited by Pirmin: 30 Apr, 2008 - 09:44 PM talk2vachan 7 May, 2008 - 11:33 PM Post #11 Hello All, I am having configuration Windows XP. I had default 2 COM port are working. I had configured Null Modem and activate 2 new ports COM3 and COM4. Now. i am opening two instance of our application and try to open individual ports COM3 and COM4 with same configuration settings. But when I send any text information it will shows this text into same text area part. But it will not send whole text to another PORT. Only first character is shown. Other are junk characters. I do not know how it works .. Can any one give me workaround for this. Thanking you in Advance. ABNcoder 22 Jul, 2008 - 07:22 AM Post #12 This is great code. I've studied it thoroughly and have a learned a lot from it. I'm http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net using it to interface with portable devices. Is there a way to speed up the displaydata(). If I'm downloading 5,000 lines, I notice a 30 second difference in the time the device loads, and when the display catches up. Thanks in advance! Christianne 4 Nov, 2008 - 01:19 AM Post #13 Has anyone noticed in Task Manager that this app eats up alot of CPU memory and keeps expanding? I think its related to the string.Replace() which is eating up the memory. Does anyone else notice this???? moallen 21 Dec, 2008 - 09:32 AM Post #14 Thanks for a great little program. Besides trying to learn everything I can about it, I've been using it to control an Insteon PowerLinc Modem. This is a programable device that can send X10 codes through the power lines. This program works great with the PLM by sending house/unit codes in hex, turning remote X10 modules on & off, etc. I especially like the way the PLM acknowledgement comes back and shows in the program's receive data window. I do have a couple questions perhaps someone can answer. The PLM requires the baud rate set to 19200, but that isn't a choice in the drop down list of baud rates. I do have my computer's COM1 port set to 19200. I did discover I could change this line in the Main Form to cboBaud.SelectedText = "19200"; to set the proper baud rate for my PLM. But I still didn't find anyplace in the program to make 19200 an option. Is this a value that should have been reported back with string str in SerialPort.GetPortNames() ? One other issue - I get a warning in my Visual C# 2008 Express Edition that I have an "unreachable Code Detected" in the CommunicationManager line 213 col 21. That's with or without changing the default baud rate to 19200. Any ideas what that's about? It doesn't seem to affect the program's operation. TenRC 14 Jan, 2009 - 12:34 PM Post #15 The downloaded file is corrupt or incomplete. Please test and verify. I have uploaded what I received. http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net This post has been edited by TenRC : 14 Jan, 2009 - 12:38 PM Attached File(s) SerialPortCommunication.zip ( 93.92k ) Number of downloads: 408 jay543_uk 19 Jan, 2009 - 01:31 PM Post #16 QUOTE(TenRC @ 14 Jan, 2009 - 12:34 PM) The downloaded file is corrupt or incomplete. Please test and verify. I have uploaded what I received. hi all, im just starting out with visual studio 2008 c# and want to learn about serial com, i need to download this files too to learn about it but its not working for me, can someone test the file is ok as it could just be me or its corrupt thanks for anyones help jason kovacp1 10 Feb, 2009 - 01:53 PM Post #17 The zip file is corrupt. Your code sounds great, so could you please e-mail me the code? if you zip it, will you please encode and password protect it with a password of 'zip' as our silly system requires zip files to be encoded THANK YOU IN ADVANCE !!!! RandyPerson 3 Mar, 2009 - 02:37 PM Post #18 Code looks great. The download file appears to be corrupt. Can you email a zipped copy of it? Thank You jano_rajmond 23 Mar, 2009 - 10:51 AM http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/showtopic35775.htm[2009/10/15 08:46:01 ﺏ.]ﻅ Post #19 C# Tutorials - Serial Port Communication In C# | DreamInCode.net Hy! I have uploaded the zip file to http://uploaded.to/?id=zr771n for those who could not download it. I have also attached it to this reply. Also, I have a question. I have compiled the code under VS 2008 and it works. But there is one problem: upon reception in inserts a couple or more new lines in the message. It's not the reception itself that is the problem, as if you test it with another terminal app it works fine. I this that the reception thread may be interrupted by something. I modified the code in order to use separate windows for Tx and Rx and also took down the RichtextBoxes and replaced the with Normal TextBoxes, but the same thing happens.. Any ideea? Attached File(s) SerialPortCommunication.zip ( 101.85k ) Number of downloads: 562 lufc2684 27 Mar, 2009 - 06:11 AM Post #20 Hi The zip file seems to be corrupt, any ideas? Thanks Enter Keywords 2 Pages 1 Search Topic 2 « Next Oldest · C# Tutorials · Next Newest » > 7 User(s) are reading this topic (7 Guests and 0 Anonymous Users) 0 Members: |-C#Tutorials Tutorials |-- C# Go ???????? ???? Serial Port Source Code Simplify .NET serial port communications in VB, C#, C++ www.scientificcomponent.com Send Mail from ASP / .NET AspEmail supports Unicode, HTML, encryption, message queuing, etc. www.aspemail.com PDF SDK-COM C++ .NET Java Quick & easy way to support PDF. 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