Do_ReadingFrames2_SkinPathology
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ACCESSORY ORCANS OF THE
f[l|
SKIN
7L
Form a medical word that means an inflammation of the skin:
/
Myc/o/dermat/itis,an inflammation of the skin,
@
:
is caused by a
i
E
The combining form trich/o refers to t}'e hai,r Construct
medical terms meaning
H
F
T
È
à
disease of the hair:
r
.á
abnormal condition of the hair:
Ë
ü
iI
Combine úich/o .| myc * -osis to form a medical term that
means an abnormal condition of the hair caused by a fungus:
@|
a'
ä
#
/-
Wl
pil/o
/_
Another combining form for the hair is pillo. Whenever you
or tncln/o in a word, you will know it refers to the
see
Pil/o/cyst/ic refers to a d.erm/ord cyst containing hair. The
@
element in this frame that refers to hair is
in this frame that means resembling is _.
/-;
f[p|
the element
Label the structures of the fingernail in Figure 3-B as you read
the following material. Each nail is formed in the (l) nail root and is composed of keratin, a hard fibrous protein, which is also the main component
of hair. As the nail grows from a (2) matrix of active cells beneath the (3)
cuticle, it stays attached and slides forward over the epithelial layer called
the (4) nail bed. Most of the (5) nail body appears pink because of the
underlying blood vessels. The (6) lunula is the crescent-shaped area at the
base of the nail. It has a whitish appearance because the vascular tissue
underneath does not show through.
(2',)
(s)
(6)
(3)
Figure
5-5
Structure of a fingernail.
72
cHAprER
J.
tNTEcuMENTARy sysTEM
Here is a revíew of the three basic rules of word buílding.
Rule
l:
A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Rule
2:
A combining form (root
+ o) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
Rule 5: A combining form (root + o) links a root to another root to form a compound word.
This holds true even if the next root begins with a vowel.
EI
The combining form onych/o refers ro the zøil(s). Form
medical words meaning
tumor of the nail (or nailbed):
disease
/
of the nails:
ffl
The term malacia refers to an abnormal softening of tissue. This
term also is used in words as a suffix.
Build a word with the suffix -malacia that means softening of the nail(s):
/-
/
][|
The nails become white, opaque, thickened, and brittle when a
person has a disease called onych/o/myc/osis.
Identif
the word elements
in onydn/o/myc,/osis that mean
nail:
fungus:
abnormal condition:
@
When you see the term onych/o/myc/osis in a medical charr,
you will know it means a fungus infection of the
The noun suffix -derma also is used to denote skin. Aperson
@
with excessive dryness of skin has a condition called xer/o/derm,a.
From xer,/o /derma, identify the combining form that means dry:
/-.
f@
Jne surnx -cere rerers to a
or
-'
CELL
p'
75
Combining Forms Denoting Colors
Wl
Examine the combining forms and their meanings that denote
color in the left-hand column below Examples of medical terms with their
defrnitions are provided in che middle column. In che far right-hand column of this frame, use a slash to break down each word into its basic elements.
Combining
Form MedicalTerm
Word Breakdown
albin/o: white
albinism: white cond,ition
albinism
cyan/o: blue
cyanoderma: blue shin
cyarroderma
erythr/o: red
erythroderma:
erythroderma
leuk/o: white
leukoderma: white skin
leukoderma
melan/o: black
melanoderma: blnck skin
melanoderma
xanth,/o: yellow
xanthoma: yellnw tumor
xanthoma
red skin
fftf,|
The -a ending in cyanoderma, erythroderma, leukoderma, and
melanoderma designates that these words are (adjectives, nouns)
