The Missouri Compromise https://archives.nbclearn.com/portal/site/k-12/browse/?cuecard=465 General Information Source: NBC News Resource Type: Creator: N/A Copyright: Event Date: Air/Publish Date: 1819 01/12/2007 Copyright Date: Clip Length Video MiniDocumentary NBCUniversal Media, LLC. 2007 00:02:50 Description In 1819, when Missouri enters the union, a compromise is reached about whether Missouri should be a slave or free state. Keywords United States Senate, Slavery, Territories, Louisiana Purchase, Missouri, Union, Politicians, North, South , James Tallmadge, New York, Emancipation, State's Rights, Debate, Reformers, Abolition, Secession, Henry Clay, Speaker of the House, Maine, Thomas Jefferson, Civil War Citation MLA © 2008-2015 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Page 1 of 3 "The Missouri Compromise." NBC News. NBCUniversal Media. 12 Jan. 2007. NBC Learn. Web. 19 March 2015 APA 2007, January 12. The Missouri Compromise. [Television series episode]. NBC News. Retrieved from https://archives.nbclearn.com/portal/site/k-12/browse/?cuecard=465 CHICAGO MANUAL OF STYLE "The Missouri Compromise" NBC News, New York, NY: NBC Universal, 01/12/2007. Accessed Thu Mar 19 2015 from NBC Learn: https://archives.nbclearn.com/portal/site/k-12/browse/?cuecard=465 Transcript The Missouri Compromise Narrator: In 1819, representation in the Senate was equally balanced between states that allowed slavery and states that prohibited it. But as territories that had been acquired as part of the Louisiana Purchase began to apply for statehood, one question came up: Would they join with the slave states or the free states? Missouri’s application for admission to the Union threatened to tip the delicate balance in the Senate and sparked the first of many national debates about slavery. Northern politicians immediately called for the Missouri Territory to free its slaves as a condition for entering the Union. Professor MATTHEW WARSHAUER (Central Connecticut State University): And so you get this major divide between the North and the South. The biggest one that had ever occurred since the creation of the Constitution, where they had settled certain issues over slavery. Well, the Missouri compromise brings it all back up. Narrator: When James Tallmadge, a New York representative, put forth an amendment suggesting gradual emancipation for Missouri’s slaves, Southerners were outraged. Not only did Southerners in Congress want Missouri to join their ranks as a slaveholding state, they didn’t want the Federal government deciding what a state should do regarding slavery. The nation’s first major debate on slavery had begun. In the North, religious reformers organized antislavery rallies, bringing their cause to the forefront of national politics. And in the South, the word “secession” was uttered for the first time. But almost as soon as it had begun, the conflict ended with the Missouri Compromise. WARSHAUER: Henry Clay, who is Speaker of the House at the time, gets most of the credit for that because of this compromise and a couple others, he becomes known as the “Great Compromiser.” Narrator: Clay guided a bill through the Senate declaring that Missouri would come into the Union as a slave state, but the northern state of Maine would be also be admitted as a free state, maintaining the tenuous balance in the Senate. As part of the Missouri Compromise, Congress took the line along the southern boundary of Missouri and extended it west across the remainder of the territories in the Louisiana Purchase. Then Congress declared that slavery would be permitted south of that line, but banned north of it. The slavery issue had been settled, for the moment. But many, like ex-President © 2008-2015 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 of 3 Thomas Jefferson, predicted that the Missouri debate signaled a crisis that would eventually tear the country apart. “This momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror,” he wrote to a friend. “I considered it at once as the knell of the Union. " © 2008-2015 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 3