CF Connection 601 Children's Lane - 2C Norfolk, VA 23507 CF Connections Summer 2015 CHKD - CF CENTER NORFOLK, VIRGINIA Check out these CF related YouTube Videos Animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMAOEOmLoUE CF at School: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__QT583xpU8 Living with CF (teen documentary): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dn0grhu9h4g Faces of CF (music and photos with facts included): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j78UK1cxYKc 10 for 10 for EM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7_tylvEIRI CF Awareness: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Has3ddC96XA CF Philanthropy: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGAv2cam7oY Speech: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cx1ocUOzxMw For Kids: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuI72eMrIQI&feature=youtu.be A PUBLICATION OF THE CHKD - CF CENTER C ARING FOR F AMILIES AND NORFOLK, VIRGINIA C ONNECTING CF Clinic Update Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters Cystic Fibrosis Center 601 Children’s Lane Norfolk, Virginia 23507 Median FEV1% predicted for Patients 30 years and Older in 2014 CHKD CF CenterNational Average All CF Centers We are so excited about the developments in CF care, both in new research as well as quality improvement. Our center is currently involved in 8 new studies, including CFTR modulation studies as well as antibiotic trials and nutrition. Plus, we remain very active in quality im- F RIENDS Cynthia Epstein, MD Medical Focus http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_j99-xgOIaw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ht3FxIg6k-M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csXBIztpKZY We are on the WEB! http://www.chkd.org/Our-Services/Programs-and-Clinics/Cystic-Fibrosis-Center/ WITH provement, striving to reach and exceed our goals. We found that our center excels in several areas, based on the data from the CFF from 2013. Our center is the top center in the country for following guidelines for care for patients 7-17 years of age (4 visits/year, 4 sputum cultures and 2 PFT per year per patient) and within the top 20 centers for patients 18 years of age and older. The median BMI for patients 2-19 years of age remains above the 50% percentile. The median BMI for patients 20 years and older is also above national average. The median FEV1 percent predicated for patients 6-17 years is 92.2% (within normal range for all patients). The median FEV1 percent predicted for patient 18 years and older is close to the national average. We would like to see improvement in certain areas such as improving FEV1 for patients 18 years of age and older, keeping BMI above 50% for patients 2-19 years of age, Are you Springing into Fitness? Phone: 757-668-7137 E-mail: connie.sigley@chkd.org General CF Office 757-668-7426 Adult CF Dr. Ripoll 757-474-7447 Check out our website: www.chkd.org If you’ve been in clinic recently, you have certainly seen our “Wall of Exercise” that is part of our Spring into Fitness program designed to get everyone moving. Many people, patients, family and staff, have chosen icons and have moved them along the wall to track their progress in minutes. If you have chosen and icon, don’t forget to submit your exercise in minutes when you come to clinic, or e-mail Karen or Darlene: Karen.curry@chkd.org or Darlene.cowcer@chkd.org not too late to get started! The program runs through the summer and will finish the beginning of September. Ask about it next time you are in clinic! You may be the first winner of the “Golden Sneaker Award” improving OGTT screening and increasing use of hypertonic saline and Azithromycin for eligible patients. We continue work with both the old and new projects, striving to reach our goals of improving each and every person’s pulmonary and nutritional status in our clinic family. Inside this issue: MEET OUR NEW 2 PHYSICIANS PARENT PERSPEC- 3 TIVE PELVIS FLOOR 4 EXERCISE MEET OUR NEW CF 5 PHYSICAL THERAPIS FOCUS ON EXERCISE 6-7 RESEARCH 8 ON THE WEB 9 FINANCIAL HELP 10-11 If you haven’t signed up, it’s Dr. Gowen places her Icon on the Wall of Exercise CF Connections New Adult Physicians Adult Center Welcomes New Pulmonary Physicians Joshua Sill, MD, FACP, FCCP Clinical Interests and Skills: Aerospace and high altitude medicine, Obesity - hypoventilation syndrome, Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the evaluation of unexplained dyspnea; Evaluation and treatment of vocal cord dysfunction Medical Education: University of Texas Medical Branch: MD : 2002 Residency: Davis Grant Medical Center, CA; Internal Medicine Residency : 2005 Fellowship: San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX; Pulmonary/Critical Care/Sleep : 2008 Joshua Sill, MD, FACP, FCCP Help continued . . . Assistance will be provided following support from manufacturer-sponsored copayment assistance and coupon programs. CFPAF connects enrollees with these other assistance programs and will adjust its award to reflect this support. 4. Medical Education: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine: MD : 2004 Residency: Vanderbilt University Medical Center: Internal Medicine : 2007 Fellowship: Vanderbilt University Medical Center: Pulmonary/Critical Care : 2011 Why is there a $15,000 cap per year? Is this new? Yes, two important CFPAF changes are happening: first, under new regulatory requirements from the HHS Office of the Inspector General, CFPAF will expand to provide financial assistance for all drugs and paired devices approved by the FDA that are specifically indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. This expansion, which goes into effect May 15, is good news for our community. However, in order to ensure that we have sufficient funds to serve the needs of all eligible people with CF, we will be instituting a cap of $15,000 a year in financial assistance for each enrollee. Please note that this amount is subject to change upon review and contingent upon the availability of funds. 5. Michael H. Hooper, MD Financial Help Summer 2015 What happens if CFPAF runs out of funding during my enrollment year? CFPAF actively monitors contributions and assistance provided. If CFPAF anticipates any changes in funding, case managers will notify enrollees and help them locate alternate assistance. CFPAF reviews applications on a first-come, first-served basis and may adjust its maximum benefit upon review. 6. How can I contact CFPAF? People with CF, their families and care centers may contact CFPAF at 1-888-315-4154 Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. ET or by email at cfpaf@cff.org. Michael H. Hooper, MD CFPAF applications and a pre-screening tool are available on www.cfpaf.org. Great Strides Walk Enrique Calvo-Ayala, MD Medical Eduction: Universidad Nacional de Columbia School of Medicine: MD : 2004 Internships: Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota University Hospital: Medical and Surgical Internship : 2004 Graduate School Education: Indiana University School of Medicine: M.S. in Clinical Research : 2013 Residency: Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI ; Internal Medicine Residency : 2010 Fellowship: Indiana University School of Medicine Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship : 2013 Board Certifications: American Board of Internal Medicine; Pulmonary Disease : 2012 American Board of Internal Medicine; Internal Medicine : 2010 Enrique Calvo-Ayala, MD Page 2 The “Toocie Crew” had a nice representation at the Great Strides Walk for CF this April at the Oceanfront. Although the day was a little rainy, everyone still had a great time. Our team raised $1265 to help CF stand for “Cure Found” Page 11 CF Connections Financial Help Help with copays and out of pocket expenses IS available Under new regulatory requirements from the HHS Office of the Inspector General, CFPAF will expand to provide financial assistance for all drugs and People with CF, their families and care centers may contact CFPAF at 1 -888-315-4154 Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. ET or by email at cfpaf@cff.org paired devices approved by the FDA that are specifically indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. This expansion, which goes into effect May 15, is good news for our community. However, in order to ensure that CFPAF has sufficient funds to serve the needs of all eligible people with CF, CFPAF will be instituting a cap of $15,000 a year in financial assistance for each enrollee. Please note that this amount is subject to change upon review and contingent upon the availability of funds. Below, you will find FAQs to guide you in answering questions about the upcoming changes to CFPAF. As always, please reach out to us should you have any questions or require additional information. 1. What is the CF Patient Assistance Foundation (CFPAF)? The CF Patient Assistance Foundation (CFPAF) is a non-profit organization, operated by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and funded by corporate and nonprofit donors. Our mission is to provide financial support to people with CF who have limited health insurance or financial resources so they can afford the treatments they need to manage their disease and live full, productive lives. 2. What are CFPAF eligibility criteria? CFPAF applicants must meet all of the following criteria: Diagnosis of CF; Permanent resident of the United States; Household income must be equal or less than 400 percent of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) for a single CF patient household, or equal to or less than 500 percent of the FPL for a multiple CF patent household Household income must be equal or less than 400 percent of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) for a single CF patient household, or equal to or less than 500 percent of the FPL for a multiple CF patent household; and Requesting support for drugs and paired devices approved by the FDA that are specifically indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and/or Social Security application support. Use the online pre-screening tool or contact CFPAF to determine eligibility. 3. Does CFPAF cover the entire cost of medications? No. CFPAF offers co-pay, co-insurance and deductible assistance. In order to make financial assistance available to more people with CF, the maximum amount of assistance CFPAF can provide to each enrollee is $15,000 per enrollment year. This amount is subject to change upon review and contingent upon the availability of funds. Page 10 Parent Perspective Summer 2015 Finding Time for Treatments by Tim Goetz M y daughter, Hannah, was diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis in 2010. At the time she was 10 years old. When her mother and I were first challenged with her diagnosis, we had no idea what was ahead of us or what we were in for. We were shocked to find out that this condition has been with her since before birth. We would soon found out all the medications and treatments that were involved. The biggest hurdle that we faced was getting her treatments done with the short amount of time we had to do them in, the biggest being her vest. She was very involved in after school activities like soccer and musical theater, often she did not have enough time to get all of her treatments in; we were constantly trying to find the hour or so that was needed to complete all the treatments. When her mom began teaching at a school 45 minutes away from home we struggled to find the time necessary to get her treatments in before as well as after school. We ran across a blog on the internet called No Excuses and found an entry called “Vesting in the Car,” written by a lady about doing her treatments in her car. After researching what steps Page 3 would be necessary to make our own vehicles capable of providing such power needed to use Hannah's vest, I contacted Premier Autosound in Chesapeake Virginia at 3322 Western Branch Blvd. We explained the problem to the power inverter specialist, Mike, who recommended a particular power inverter that could handle both the vest and the nebulizer at the same time. We went with the Pro Watt SW 1000 that provided at least 900 watts of continuous sine wave power. After choosing this particular inverter, Mike then explained what was needed to accomplish this task. This device would be hard wired to the battery with a fuse that would allow the inverter to be moved out of one vehicle and put it into the other. It was not necessary to upgrade the alternator as the one in both vehicles were sufficient to handle the inverter. We also had “remote” switches installed within reach of the driver that allowed us to turn on and off the device with a push of a button. This has been a huge blessing to our family and to Hannah. She now does most of her treatments while going back and forth to school or just traveling in general. It has made more free time in the afternoons for participating in all her favorite activities. Hannah's life has been much more enjoyable. This “fix” was not without a considerable amount of expense, it cost about Power Inverter— $800 for the inverter Premier Autosound, Chesapeake and to wire both vehicles but it has given her the ability to live a somewhat normal life; one cannot put a price on that. We thank Mike and the people at Premier Auto“THIS HAS BEEN A sound for their expertise and HUGE BLESSING TO friendly service, without them OUR FAMILY AND Hannah would be struggling TO HANNAH. to find time to be a kid and a Cystic Fibrosis patient at the SHE NOW DOES same time. Things have been MOST OF HER so much better since we have TREATMENTS WHILE had the inverter installed, it GOING BACK AND has been very much the investFORTH TO SCHOOL” ment of a lifetime. Hannah can now do her vest and nebulizer treatments in the car on the way to and from school. Focus on Exercise CF Connections Importance of Pelvic Floor Exercises “over 50% of females with CF also have urinary incontinence- or leakage from the bladder. This is usually associated with coughing, sneezing and vigorous exercise. Although not as common males can have this issue as well.” Clinic appointments are usually incredibly packed with consultations regarding your airway clearance, diet, PFT’s, and overall health. But we have a new question? Are you leaking with coughing or exercise? Even if it is just when you are sick that is still not normal and we have things you can do to improve this. This should not be embarrassing as over 50% of females with CF also have urinary incontinence- or leakage from the bladder. This is usually associated with coughing, sneezing and vigorous exercise. Although not as common males can have this issue as well. Wearing protective pads should not be your only recourse- most people can decrease or totally eliminate their leakage by performing pelvic floor exercises…. and the good news is that you can incorporate these exercises – aka Kegels- into your daily activities. Even if you are not experiencing any problemPrevention is the key! Below are the most important things you can do to prevent unnecessary downward pressure on your pelvic floor: Page 4 Make sure you always “huff” to cough Always perform the KNACK (see below) with each cough. (KNACK before you hack) Do not strain with bowel movements- if you are, ask one of our doctors for help with this. Do your Kegels 30x day (see below) If you are still experiencing leakage after 6 weeks of doing the exercises ask to be referred to a pelvic floor physical therapist. Pelvic Floor Exercises How to do the Kegel: The PF (pelvic floor) muscles consist of approximately 9 muscles including the sphincters of the rectum and urethra. The good news is that these muscles contract and relax as a unit- so if you contract the muscle you would use to hold back gas- it is the same muscle that contracts around the urethra. Many people think it is a good exercise to stop the flow of urine as an exercise- although this is an excellent way to “find” the PF it is not healthy for the bladder to do on a regular basis. By Sharon Ross On the Web Summer 2015 MyCHKD now available Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters is proud to introduce MyCHKD, a service that will make life easier on parents and improve their children’s healthcare at the same time. Benefits of MyCHKD Secure Online Access MyCHKD offers secure, online access to medical records as well as tools to help you communicate more efficiently with your CHKD pediatric practice. You can even connect to MyCHKD from mobile devices, so you can have the information you need whenever and wherever you need it. If you need ...Just Click A list of medications your child has taken recently Health Record The name of medications or other items your child is allergic to Health Record A prescription refill Medications Your child's immunization record Health Record To remember the date of an upcoming appointment Appointments To cancel that appointment Appointments To review your child's test results Results More information on your child's condition Health Information To ask a question about your bill Billing & Payments A copy of your child's medical record Medical Records “you will get the knack” To perform a Kegel think of “holding back gas” or drawing your sit bones together and hold for 5 seconds. Do not hold your breath – try to breath naturally. Eventually increase the hold to 10 seconds – still remembering to breath. The good news is that you can do the Kegel while doing airway clearance, walking, lifting weights and every time you wash your hands. The downside is that the exercise needs to be done 30 times a day (try 10 contractions 3x/day). Once your leakage stops you can do 10 reps 2x/day. The KNACK: KNACK stands for Kegel and an Abdominal Contraction with a Cough and is probably the most important thing you can do to prevent of control leakage: Place one hand on the belly and one over your mouth. Draw in your belly and Kegel as you pretend to cough. Jerry Cahill: Celebrating 10 Years of Cystic Fibrosis Podcasts Congratulations to CF Ambassador, Jerry Cahill, for reaching such an amazing milestone! The Boomer Esiason Foundation CF Podcast series has been a huge success for the past ten years providing educational and informative podcasts and videos - and Jerry plans to keep going for the next ten years. Page 9 Frequently Asked Questions about MyCHKD How do I get started? Parents/legal guardians must register for a MyCHKD account in person at the pediatrician’s office. This only takes a few minutes. After that, you will receive an email at the address you provide with instructions on how to set up an account. Please note: if you provide a shared e-mail address, anyone you share that address with will also be able to see the e-mail. What should I take with me to the pediatrician’s office to register? Please make sure you bring your picture ID to the pediatrician’s office to register for a MyCHKD account. Do I have to have a computer? You can set up a MyCHKD account on any mobile phone, tablet or computer that has internet access. How long does it take to set up the account? Setting up a new account is very simple. If you can type a text message, you can set up an account. The whole process should take about five minutes. Are my child’s records still private? CHKD is very serious about protecting the privacy of your child’s medical information. We treat online records with the same high degree of confidentiality that we give to all other records. What about e-mail privacy? MyCHKD account holders should be aware that they will be notified by e-mail for certain features, including activation. This means that any person with access to their e-mail inbox will be able to see this notification. Can anyone have a MyCHKD account? MyCHKD is offered to parents/legal guardians of children ages birth to 14. With written permission of a parent/legal guardian, a teen may establish a MyCHKD account at age 14. CF Connections Research Are you interested in participating in clinical trials? The CHKD CF center is currently involved with several clinical trials. Each study has specific requirements for enrollment. We do our best to contact any patients and families that may be eligible. If you have any questions regarding enrollment in clinical trials see below for more online information. Focus on Exercise Summer 2015 Meet Lauren, Our new CF Physical Therapist I'm very excited to have been given the opportunity to join the cystic fibrosis team! I have been a pediatric physical therapist at CHKD now for almost 3 years working at CHKD's outpatient locations and at the main hospital. Exercise has always been important to me and is one of the main reasons I wanted to become a physical therapist. My interest in exercise initially led me to Virginia Tech where I received my bachelors in Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise. I then attended Old Dominion University where I received my Doctor of Physical Therapy degree. To this day I am still an avid runner, running in half marathons and marathons, but I also enjoy trying new sports and different forms of fitness. I look forward to helping my patients find an exercise routine that works for them and their lifestyle but to also address any musculoskeletal concerns such as posture and pain. I look forward to meeting and working with you in clinic! Lauren Robinson, Physical Therapist Questions for Lauren ? Lauren.robinson@chkd.org Awesome Apps Rock CF My Fight Against Cystic Fibrosis $1.99 and worth it! Also Cystic Fibrosis Med Scheduler—free Objective New exciting drug development in the CF Pipeline CFTR Modulators These therapies are designed to correct the function of the defective protein -- the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) -- made by the CF gene. It allows chloride and sodium (salt) to move properly in and out of cells lining the lungs and other organs. For more information, check out CFF.org Page 8 The Rock CF Kicks Back Program was started by the Rock CF Foundation to inspire patients with cystic fibrosis to experience the benefits of exercise and empower them to set and accomplish goals. Rock CF Kicks Back will donate running shoes throughout the year to CF patients, and sign them up for the race of their choice. Ready to Kick? If you are a CF patient and would like to start running, walking or getting active and need new kicks please print this application off, take it to your CF Care Team for approval, and then send it back to us. Scan and email to Emily@letsrockcf.org. Mail to: Page 5 but basic scheduling Rock CF Foundation to inspire patients with cystic fibrosis to experience the benefits of exercise and empower Rock CF Foundation 2990 W. Grand Blvd Suite M-21 Detroit, MI 48202 Focus on Exercise CF Connections High Intensity Exercise is Key Focus on Exercise Summer 2015 By Sharon Ross Perfecting Your Breathing Technique During Running High intensity means that you are getting your heart rate (HR) above 60 to 80% of your max HR. Last October’s NACFC in Atlanta was inspiring to say the least. There was lots of energy and excitement regarding the new drugs Kalydeco and Ivacaftor because at last we are treating the cause (the CFTR gene) of CF. But there was also plenty to say about continuing the tried and true – medications, airway clearance and exercise. I wish I could say that the conference showed us new airway clearance techniques (ACT’s) that are faster- or you need to do them less often…. Unfortunately it is the opposite. There were more studies that showed lung function improved with adding an additional ACT into your schedule. This means adding it to your normal home routine or to your ACT schedule in the hospital. But do not take this as a negative- let this empower you to “step it up” on days you might be feeling a little tight- or maybe you just have some extra time – so why not do a round on your Acapella or Aerobika even better do 20 minutes of high intensity exercise. Most of the MD and PT guru’s are now emphasizing that high intensity exercise can be considered airway clearance. *** which you can do intervals are running/walking or biking- or doing a vigorous exercise DVD. Believe it or not the warm-up for Insanity is a great workout. Do this for 20-30 minutes- 35x/week and you have done the following: Improved airway clearance including sputum So what is high intensity production exercise? High intensity Improved lung function means that you are getting and O2 levels in your your heart rate (HR) above blood 60 to 80% of your max HR. Gained muscle mass and In easier language- if 5/10 stimulated bone is walking at a pace where Improved blood glucose you could go for hours- and levels 10/10 is climbing Mount Improved your immunity Trashmore as fast as you can And you feel better! - then 6-8/10 is working Weight training, Pilates and hard enough to get short of Yoga were highlighted- all breath but not so hard you showing benefits with the focused breathing. Focusing on can’t do it for several your exhale during these exerminutes. The most efficient cises was shown to decrease way to exercise is to do intervals: meaning go at a 7- hyperinflation. 8/10 pace for 1-2 minutes- If you want guidance in setting up an exercise program contact and then go at a 5-6/10 Connie or your doctor. We can pace for the same amount of set you up with a few “personal time. Types of exercises in training” PT sessions to get you on a routine that can match your schedule. Perfecting Your Breathing Technique During Running *** with specific approval from your physician If you are a new or seasoned runner, one thing that you do need to be making sure you are aware of is the breathing pattern you’re using. Improper breathing technique can impair your running performance. Proper breathing technique will also help you maintain good form as you run (and likewise, good form fosters better breathing as well), so with these two working together, you can enjoy your runs that much more. So how should you breathe? Let’s go over the facts that you should know. Focus On Slower Breaths First, you want to aim for slower, deeper breaths. If you’re breathing rapidly and taking very short inhales and exhales, this will lead to greater carbon dioxide development and less oxygen getting to the muscles. Slower breaths will also help to keep your heart rate down lower, which can also play a key role in fatigue management. When you start picking up the pace of your run, your breathing rate will naturally increase to keep up with the demand for oxygen, but as much as possible, you do still want to focus on keeping them as slow as possible. Page 6 continued . . . Deep breaths will utilize more total air sacs in your lunges, which increases total oxygen levels in the body. Belly Breathing Next, you also want to be sure that you are focusing on breathing from your belly, not from your chest. Most runners out there are going to be breathing deeply from the chest region, which can cause their shoulders and neck muscles to be tenser, wasting energy in the process. If instead you breathe from your belly instead, you’re going to avoid this and get more total oxygen in. To experience belly breathing yourself, do a little experiment. Place one hand on the chest region and one hand on your belly region. Take a deep breath in as you normally would. Which hand moved outward? If it was your chest, you’re a chest breather. If it was your belly, you’re doing things correctly. Start practicing belly breathing more often and you will soon get into the habit of making this the breathing type you use. It is a harder habit to build, but once you do, you will definitely notice the benefits. Time Your Breathing Some runners may also prefer using a time count to help them regulate their breathing. This can be especially helpful for when you are just starting and are prone to breathing too quickly. You want to try and take a deep breath in, lasting for four steps. Then on the next four steps, breathe out. Learning how to time your breath with your foot patterns will help ensure that you are keeping them in check and maintaining a balanced running motion. It’s also a good reminder to aim to breathe through your nose rather than mouth as often as possible. This will help you breathe more efficiently as you go about your run, which in turn means better performance. Breathing during running is something that many people do really struggle with as it can be hard to regulate, especially if poor habits have been formed. But, take comfort in knowing that if you do work at it, you will not only see a dramatic rise in the performance you give, but you’ll also see a dramatically lowered rate of fatigue. This helps you enjoy your runs even further and make sure you get hooked on the sport for good Is an Zen Lab’s free C25K – 5K Trainer Awesome Free App to get you started running. Couch to 5K in 3 workouts per week. Start walking and gradual increase to running with Encouragement along the way. Play your own music through the workout. Regular Exercise as part of your CF Care Determine your starting place. Becoming physically active is a big vow. Too often, we begin an exercise program but quickly quit. Change doesn’t happen all at once, nor does it happen at the same rate for different people. Start by finding your “stage of readiness.” A member of your care team can help you do this and start your exercise program “The continued push to find joyful activity that I CAN do keeps me healthier and grateful and gives me a reason to smile each day.” Regular exercise has become an important part of my CF (life) care. Depending on my body's needs and where I am at the time, my choice about what activity to do can have a wide range. Sometimes it just needs to be a lap around the hospital unit, sometimes it's a walk around the block or housework with music. It can be 20 minutes of dancing, or even an hour of hula hooping with friends. I also love to bike, swim, longboard, snowboard and hike. I like to mix it up, doing as much as I can. The continued push to find joyful activity that I CAN do keeps me healthier and grateful and gives me a reason to smile each day Kori, age 32 courtesy of CFF.org Page 7