Guide sheet 1-1E
April 20, 2015
1‐1E How to read references
When you write papers or thesis, you will be required to read related paper list on references.
This is a brief guide to read references..
＝＝＝How to read references＝＝＝
Ex.1．【Journal articles】
Author (Year) Article title(sometimes omitted). Journal title Volume number, Page numbers.
Su, L.K., Kinzler, K.W., Bogelstein, B., Preisinger, A.C., Moser, A.R., Luong, C., Gould. K.A. and Dove, W.F.
Author
(1992)
Year
Multiple intestinal neoplasia caused by a mutation in the murine homolog of the APC gene.
Article title
Science 256, 668-670.
Journal title Volume Page
☆Attention!！☆
① A format of references varies according to journals.
② Journal title is usually written by the abbreviations.
To find journal title abbreviations you could use.
<Example>
ABBREVIATIONS http://www.abbreviations.com/ (accessed 2015.4.20)
NCBI - NLM Catalog http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?db=journals
③ Many abbreviations are used in references.
(accessed 2015.4.20)
＜frequently used abbreviation＞
anon.
diss.
ditto
et al.
ib., ibid.
id.
op. cit.
anonymous
Dissertation
the same as before
and others
Ibidem, To indicate the same source as in the previous reference.
Idem, To indicate the same sources as previously mentioned.
Opere citato, In the work already cited.
Ex.2．【Book】 Article author, Article title. In: Book author, Book title. Publisher, Place Year, Page.
R.R. Williams, P.N. Hopkins, S.C. Hunt, M.C. Schumacher, B.M. Stults, L.L. Wu, S.J. Hasstedt, Inherited susceptibility
Article author
Article title
to metabolic complications of obesity. In: C. Bouchard(Ed.), The Genetics of Obesity. CRC Press,
Book author
Book title
Publisher
Bock Raton, FL. 1994, pp. 147-159.
Place
Year
Page
Nagoya University Library
1-1E How to read references
Ex.3．【Patent】 Inventor. Patent No., Year
Frank, D. S.; Sundberg, M. W. U.S. Patent US4283382, 1981
Inventor
Patent No. Year
Information of patent is usually not available at Nagoya University, but some of them are available on the
Internet. You may obtain the photocopy by Inter Library Loan.
Ex.4．【Proceeding】 Paper author（Year） Paper title. Conference name where the paper was presented.
Miller, J.D. (1992, April) Science achievement : Differences among urban, suburban, and nonmetropolitan schools.
Paper author Year
Paper title
Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
Conference name where the paper was presented.
Some proceedings are published, but others are available only for attendees.
About recent conference papers, it may be available at the conference web page.
Ex.5．【Electronic documents：Web page】 Author.(at one point) Web page title [accessed YYYY-MM-DD]
＜ＵＲＬ＞
世界遺産条約(World Heritage Convention) http://www.biodic.go.jp/biolaw/sekai.html
〔accessed 2007-01-24〕
Web page title
Reference date
ＵＲＬ
☆Attention!！☆ Ｗｅｂ pages are constantly updated or sometimes disappeared.
＝＝＝Help !!＝＝＝
＜When references are incorrect>
When references are incorrect, please check on Web of Science, EBSCOhost database, or search function
of E-Journals. So you can read abstracts or full texts and you can search related articles.
＜Case of no clues >
When you have no clue about references, please ask department library or Reference Counter of Central Library.
At that time please bring copy of references.
Next Step
When you write papers in an academic journal, please check on Instructions to authors.
Academic journals indicate how to cite works and write bibliography by Instructions to Authors.
<Example>
The University of Toledo – Instructions to Authors in the Health Sciences
http://mulford.utoledo.edu/instr/ (accessed 2015.4.20)
Other useful Web Pages
SIST Standards for Information of Science and Technology
http://sti.jst.go.jp/sist/ (accessed 2015.4.20)
Long Island University Library - Citation Style for Research Papers
http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citation.htm (accessed 2015.4.20)
Nagoya University Library
1-1E How to read references