Final Review 2014
Units 1-3
1.
Physical features often influence where people live. Which type of environment typically has the
highest population density? (O 161)
River Valleys and Fertile Plains
2.
Through what process is the uneven distribution of natural resources on the Earth balanced? (O
212)
World Trade
3.
Which type of economy is associated with a poor rural society? (O 279)
Subsistence Agriculture
4.
Technological innovation is the highest in what type of economic system? (O 280)
Free Enterprise System
5.
What is the most widely practice form of agriculture?
Subsistence Agriculture
6.
Name three essential characteristics of a Communist economy? (O 288)
1. Government Control over the means of factories and businesses 2. Government Control over agriculture 3.
Government Control over the services/goods provided to its citizens
7.
What is sustainable development? List three basic characteristics of sustainable development?
(O 114) Sustainable Development: Using resources in a way that can meet future as well as present human
needs. Characteristics of: 1. Using Renewable resources 2. Responsible management of the environment 3.
Protection of the environment.
8.
What separates the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemispheres? (B 6)
The Equator
9.
What are the two types of location that geographers use as reference points? (B 6)
Absolute Location and Relative Location
10. People living in the Ring of Fire need to be prepared for which natural disasters? (B 41)
Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Volcanic Eruptions
11. What determines the amount of sunlight the earth receives? (O 96-96)
The tilt of the earth on its axis as it orbits the sun.
12. What are two examples of erosion due to weathering? (O 89)
1. The freezing and thawing process causing rock to breakdown 2. Rivers creating canyons (i.e. the Grand
Canyon)
13. What causes earthquakes to occur? (O 88)
Tectonic plate movement causes vibrations known as earthquakes
14. Which biome below is paired with its correct climatic zone (O 89)
Tundra
15.
- Deciduous forest
- heavy rainfall and warm temperatures
- Desert
- moderate rainfall and warm to cold temperature
- Tundra
- little rainfall and warm temperature
- Tropical rainforest
- moderate rainfall and cold temperature
16. Which hard copy source would be best to find information about the land area and current
population of China? (O 49)
An Almanac
17. What are three historical examples of economic pull factors? (O 178 and O 180)
1. 1840s the Irish Potato Famine
2. Post WWII workers from Turkey help rebuild Germany
3. 1970s/80s Droughts in the Sahel region of Africa
18. What three religions originated in India? (B75-76)
19. What four religions assert/stress the belief in one God? (O 137)
1. Judaism 2. Christianity 3. Islam 4. Sikhism
20. What is the definition of cultural convergence? Please provide at least one historical example.
(O 197, O199-201) Cultural Convergence: Cultural Diffusion leads different cultures to become similar or even
come together. Example: The United States of America (the melting pot theory) or in the 1500s the combination of
cultures used to create “Latin America”
21. The belief that soul is continually reborn is called? (O 126)
Reincarnation
22. How people affect the environment is called? (O 105)
Human Environment Interaction
23. Know how to read a population pyramid.
24. What causes the orographic effect otherwise known as rain shadows to occur? (O 96)
Cool air rises over mountain barriers the oceanside of a mountain often has heavy rainfall. The air loses moisture
and is drier when it reaches the other side of the mountain creating a rain shadow.
Units 4-6
25. Physical features often influence where people live. What type of environment usually has the
highest population density? (O 161) Low lying areas with fertile soil and a temperate or mild climate
27. Name traits associated with each of the following major world religions: (O 137)
Christianity
Judaism
Islam
Buddhism
Sikhism
Hinduism
28. Define polytheism and monotheism. (B 75)
29. Name characteristics of a Less Developed country. (O 300) High Birthrate/ High infant mortality rate,
Increasing Population Size, low Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P.) per capita, Low literacy Rate (example Somalia)
30. Name characteristics of a Newly Industrialized country. (O 300) High Birthrate/ Low infant mortality rate,
Increasing Population size, Increased G.D.P. per capita, higher literacy rates (example India)
31. Name characteristics of a More Developed country. (O 300) Low Birthrate/ Low infant mortality rate, Stable
population growth, High G.D.P. per capita, High literacy rates (example United States)
32. Name characteristics of a Developed country with Negative Growth. Low Birthrate/ Low infant mortality
rate, negative population growth, Greater population of elderly than of youth, More deaths that births, High G.D.P. per
capita, High literacy rates (example Japan)
33. What effect would building a railroad to an area with natural resources have on the area? This allows
for the faster transportation of resources to markets and international shipping
34. Define subsistence agriculture. What are the benefits? What are the negatives (O 279) Subsistence
Agriculture: the land usually produces only enough crops to feed the farmer and his family. Everything grown is intended
for use by the family or village. Benefits: food is produced locally/organically. Negatives: Rarely a surplus so very little of
trade or sale, economic growth is quite slow for countries that still have a high degree of subsistence agriculture.
Units 7-9
35. How and where did the Native Americans migrate to North and South America? (B 127)
From Asia across the land bridge called Beringia
36. Why does the U.S. have so many climate zones? (B 123)
The U.S. is located in the Middle Latitudes causing the diverse range in climate zones
37. What do you think is the most influential push factor causing migration? (O 176)
Lack of Jobs opportunities, Warfare, shortage of food, Natural disasters
38. Which colonial powers settled Canada? (B 156)
Great Britain and France
39. From which country do most people immigrate to the United States?
Mexico
40. Most Canadians follow which religion? (B 161)
Christianity (Roman Catholics and Protestants)
41. Most Canadians live near what? (B 107)
The border with the United States
42. What Mountain range dominates South America? (B 201)
The Andes
43. The Aztec Empire was destroyed by people from which country? (B 217)
Spanish Conquistadores
44. What are maquiladoras? (B 220)
Factories which are located just south of the border within Mexico
45. What country in Latin America contains the most rainforest? (B 246)
Brazil
46. Why did so many African slaves wind up in Latin America? (B 223, 236)
As a slave labor on Sugar Plantations in South America and the Caribbean
47. What is a fjord? (B 273)
Steep U-shaped valleys that connect to the sea and that filled with seawater after the glaciers melted
49. What resource is found under the North Sea? (B 276)
Oil
50. What are polders and what do they help to achieve? (B 282)
Land that is reclaimed from the ocean by diking and draining
51. What is the North Atlantic Drift and what does it influence? (B 278)
The warm water current that originates in the tropics and flows to the west coast of Europe. It influences the climate of
Western Europe, making it milder.
52. Who developed the first democracy? (B 289)
Ancient Greece (Athens, Direct Democracy) and Ancient Rome (Republic)
53. After WWII, Eastern Europe was controlled by? (B 312)
The Soviet Union/Communism
Units 10-12
54. (B 346) Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia form a region called ____Transcaucasia____________ .
55. Define feudalism (B 297) -A political system in which powerful lords owned most of the land. They
gave lands to nobles in exchange for military service. Feudalism was used in Medieval Europe and
Medieval Japan.
56. Define balkanization (B 311) –
The term refers to the process of a region breaking up into small, mutually hostile nations. It is named
after the Balkan Peninsula and the breakup of the former Yugoslavia.
57. Define Trans-Siberian Railway (B 355) –The rail road that crosses Siberia it links Moscow in the West
to the Pacific port of Vladivostok in the East.
58. Define Crusades (B 291) – European Christians launched a series of wars starting in 1092 CE to take
Palestine from Muslims.
59. What is the European Union (B 326-329/EU packet) – The Union of European nations created to
ease trade, travel and monetary restrictions throughout member nations.
60. What 3 religions began in Southwest Asia? (B 510-511)- Judaism, Christianity, Islam
61. Name 3 reason why ancient civilizations developed along rivers? (B 516)- Water for drinking, Water
for irrigation, fertile soil brought by yearly floods for agriculture, the river as a way to transport good/trade
62. Name the large desert located in the Arabian Peninsula and its “nickname” (B 491) – the Rub-al Khali
otherwise known as the “empty quarter”
63. The western part of SW Asia has a __Mediterranean_ climate, which is great for growing
_______Citrus fruits, olive and vegetables___________________________________. (B 493)
64. Why did the Persian Gulf War start in 1991? (B 517)- Iraq invaded Kuwait
65. What is the world’s longest freshwater lake and where is it located? (B 417)- Lake Victoria
66. What is the most critical health problem in Southern Africa? (B 456)- HIV/Aids
67. How was The Great Rift Valley of East Africa formed? (B 416)- It was formed by divergent tectonic
plate activity.
68. What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference? (B 432)- For the nations of Europe to divide up the
continent of Africa into colonies for resource exploitation. 1884-1885
69. Name some of the effects of the Berlin Conference?-Divided Africa with little regard to ethnic or linguistic groups
-Combined people who were traditional enemies
-Cause of political, ethnic and religious violence in 20th Century
-Denied Africans basic voting rights
-Denied Africans access to important mineral resources
70. Define escarpment (417) – A steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top. A defining characteristic of
the African continent.
71. How was Nelson Mandela important in South Africa? (B 454-455)- A leader of the long struggle to
end apartheid, he was imprisoned for 27 years, and later became the first native African president of
South Africa.
72. List at least 4 current problems in Africa today (QR code notes) –
-Overpopulation in major cities
-High rates of diseases such as HIV\AIDS, Ebola, and
-Lack of developed infrastructure like roads, hospitals, schools
- Religious and ethnic violence like the Rwandan Genocide.
-Lack of basic necessities like clean drinking water and food
73. What is the largest desert in the world? (B 420)- The Sahara Desert
Units 13-15
74. What is the JAKOTA Triangle? (B 666)- A trade network between the nations of Japan, South Korea,
and Taiwan
75. What is a considered the Pacific Rim? (B 645)- Countries surrounding the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific
Rim is an economic and social region. It includes the nations of East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia,
New Zealand, Chile, and the west coast of the United States and Canada.
76. What country conquered a large section of East Asia and the Pacific before and during WWII (B
652)- Japan
77. What country believes they are independent, but is still controlled by China? (B 643) - Mongolia
78. What country is East Asia is ruled by a communist dictator? (B 648-649)- China and North Korea
79. What is an outrigger? (B 699)- A specific style of a Pacific Islander canoe used before the arrival of
Europeans to the area.
80. What is the Great Barrier Reef and where is it located? (B 692)- The Great Barrier Reef is a coral
reef off the Northeast coast of Australia. It is the largest coral reef in the world and a wonder of nature.
81. Define outback ( B 697)– The arid interior of Australia which sparsely inhabited.
82. What is the tallest mountain in the world and where is it located? (S Asia Map)- Mt. Everest, located
in the nation of Nepal.
83. Define monsoon (B 557) – Seasonal Winds which bring rain during the summer and dry winds during the
winter months. Affects South Asia and Southeast Asia.