EXPERIENCES IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS INFORMATION SHEET This research project is designed to assess some of the different ways in which people may feel about romantic and dating relationships. In order to examine these issues, the following survey asks about a variety of different feelings and experiences. These include your feelings towards previous romantic partners, beliefs about yourself, and your attitudes towards sex. The anonymous responses you provide will be added to those of other participants, and parts of this data set will also be analysed by Students in PSYC325 (‘Advanced Research methods’) for their lab report. Before you take part in this study, please feel free to ask any questions that you may have. Your participation is completely voluntary, and you may withdraw from the study at any time without having to give reasons. All completed questionnaires will be stored in a locked cabinet in Dr. Marc Wilson’s office for at least five years following publication and then destroyed. Dr. Marc Wilson and Chris Sibley will have access to the data, and parts of the data will be made available to students in PSYC325. A copy of the ANONYMOUS data may be shared with other competent professionals on a case-by-case basis, and may also be used in other similar research. Detailed information on the theoretical rationale and expected results will be provided after data collection has been completed. This research project is anonymous, and you will be asked to place your survey in a locked cabinet at the end of the research session. Please do not tell us your name or your student ID number. Your completion of the survey implies your consent. Thank you for your help and cooperation. Dr. Marc Wilson Senior Lecturer School of Psychology/Te Kura Maatai Hinengaro Victoria University of Wellington Email: Marc.Wilson@vuw.ac.nz. Chris Sibley Research assistant 1 Please try to answer the questions in this survey as honestly as possible. The survey is completely anonymous, and we will ask you to place the survey in a locked cabinet once you have finished so that you may never be identified. Please DO NOT write your name or student ID on this survey. Section one: Experiences in close relationships Instructions: The following statements concern how you feel in romantic/love relationships. We are interested in how you generally experience relationships, not just what is happening in your current relationship. Please each of the following items and then indicate the extent to which each one describes your overall experiences in romantic/love relationships (Note: The terms "close" and "intimate" refer to psychological or emotional closeness, not necessarily to sexual intimacy). Strongly Disagree 1. I prefer not to show a partner how I feel deep down. Neutral 0 1 2 3 4 2. I worry about being abandoned. 0 1 2 3 3. I need a lot of reassurance that my partner loves me. 0 1 2 4. I am very comfortable being close to romantic partners. 0 1 5. My desire to be very close sometimes scares people away. 0 6. Just when a romantic partner starts to get close to me, I find myself pulling away. Strongly Agree 5 6 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. I often want to merge completely with romantic partners, and this sometimes scares them away. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8. I worry a lot about relationships. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9. I get uncomfortable when a romantic partner wants to get very close. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10. Sometimes I feel that I force my partner to show more feeling, more commitment. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 11. I don’t feel comfortable opening up to romantic partners. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. I worry a fair amount about losing my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 13. I often wish that my partner’s feelings for me were as strong as my feelings for him/her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 14. I want to get close to my partner but I keep pulling back. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15. I worry that romantic partners won’t care about me as much as I care about them. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 16. I am nervous when partners get too close to me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 17. I worry about being alone. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 19. I feel comfortable sharing my private thoughts and feelings with my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 20. When I show my feelings for romantic partners I’m afraid they won’t feel the same way about me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 21. I try to avoid getting too close to my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 22. When my partner is out of sight, I worry that he or she might become interested in someone else. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 23. I find it relatively easy to get close to my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 Strongly Disagree Neutral Strongly Agree 24. I find that my partner(s) don’t want to get as close as I would like. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 25. I find it difficult to allow myself to depend on romantic partners. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 26. It’s easy for me to be affectionate with my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 27. I tell my partner just about everything. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 28. I do not often worry about being abandoned. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 29. If I can’t get my partner to show interest in me, I get upset or angry. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 30. I usually discuss my problems and concerns with my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 31. Sometimes romantic partners change their feelings about me for no apparent reason. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 32. I’m afraid that once a romantic partner gets to know me, he or she won’t like who I really am. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 33. I often worry that my partner doesn’t really love me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 34. I feel comfortable depending on romantic partners. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 35. I often worry that my partner will not want to stay with me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 36. I don’t mind asking romantic partners for comfort, advice, or help. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 37. I’m afraid that I will lose my partner’s love. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 38. I rarely worry about my partner leaving me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 39. My romantic partner makes me doubt myself. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 40. It helps to turn to my romantic partner in times of need. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 41. My partner really understands me and my needs. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 42. I turn to my partner for many things, including comfort and reassurance. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 43. I resent it when my partner spends time away from me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 44. I prefer not to be too close to romantic partners. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 45. It makes me mad that I don’t get the affection and support I need from my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 46. When romantic partners disapprove of me, I feel really bad about myself. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 47. It’s not difficult for me to get close to my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 48. I get frustrated if romantic partners are not available when I need them. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 49. I talk things over with my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 50. I worry that I won’t measure up to other people. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 51. I get frustrated when my partner is not around as much as I would like. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 52. I find it easy to depend on romantic partners. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 53. When I’m not involved in a relationship I feel somewhat anxious and insecure. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 54. My partner only seems to notice when I’m angry. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 Instructions: Now please rate how well each of the following more general descriptions describes your overall experiences in romantic/love relationships. Strongly Disagree 1. It is easy for me to become emotionally close to others. I am comfortable depending on others and having others depend on me. I don't worry about being alone or having others not accept me. Neutral 2. I am comfortable without close emotional relationships. It is very important to me to feel independent and self-sufficient, and I prefer not to depend on others or have others depend on me. 3. I want to be completely emotionally intimate with others, but I often find that others are reluctant to get as close as I would like. I am uncomfortable being without close relationships, but I sometimes worry that others don’t value me as much as I value them. 4. I am uncomfortable getting close to others. I want emotionally close relationships, but I find it difficult to trust others completely, or to depend on them. I worry that I will be hurt if I allow myself to become too close to others. Strongly Agree 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Instructions: The following statements concern how you feel in your current romantic/love relationship. If you are not currently in a romantic relationship, then please fill these items out with your most recent serious relationship in mind. Strongly Disagree Neutral Strongly Agree 1. When I’m not feeling well I really need to be touched by my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2. I wish my partner were as receptive to my touch as I am to his or her touch. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3. I wish that my partner would just hold me for hours. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4. My partner continually complains that I don’t touch him or her enough. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 5. Even when angry with my partner, I still want to be touched by him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6. Even in private, I often can’t get my partner to touch me enough. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. Sometimes, for no particular reason, I love to just hold my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8. I have considered ending my relationship because of my partner’s discomfort with touching and being touched. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9. I often have to remind my partner to stop touching me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10. I often touch my partner as a way to express my feelings for him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 11. When I’m distressed or ill, I prefer not to be touched by my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. Sometimes I wish my partner were more comfortable with being touched by me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 Strongly Disagree Neutral Strongly Agree 13. I like my partner to hold my hand in order to demonstrate his or her affection for me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 14. I am not always sure when I want my partner to touch me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15. I avoid touching my partner when he or she is distressed or ill. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 16. Sometimes I am not very happy with the level of touch in my relationship, and wish it could be higher. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 17. After a sexual interaction, I really enjoy being held by my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 18. I generally don’t like my partner to touch me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 19. I usually hug my partner to show how happy I am to see him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 20. If my partner and I have to be apart, it often takes me a while to get used to his or her touch again. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 21. When I’m upset with my partner I still need physical reassurance from him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 22. I sometimes wish my partner would touch me more. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 23. I like to hold my partner’s hand in order to demonstrate affection for him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 24. I am always glad to have my partner touch me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 25. When I am facing a difficult situation, I like being touched by my partner. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 26. Sometimes I find my partner’s touch really annoying. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 27. Sometimes my partner goes out of the way to avoid being touched by me. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 28. My partner’s touch makes me feel loved. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 29. My partner often complains that I don’t touch him or her enough. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 30. When my partner is feeling under the weather, my first reaction is to touch him or her. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 31. It makes me sad that my partner won’t or can’t touch me as much as I’d like to be touched. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 32. If my partner were willing I could just caress him or her for hours on end. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 33. I sometimes find my partners touch intolerable. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 Section two: Personality Instructions: The following phrases describe people's behaviors. Please rate how accurately each statement describes you. Describe yourself as you generally are now, not as you wish to be in the future. Describe yourself as you honestly see yourself, in relation to other people you know of the same gender as you are, and roughly your same age. So that you can describe yourself in an honest manner, your responses will be kept in absolute confidence. Please read each statement carefully, and then circle the number that best describes that accuracy of each statement. 1. Am the life of the party. Very Inaccurate Very Accurate 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2. Feel little concern for others. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3. Am always prepared. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4. Get stressed out easily. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 5. Have a rich vocabulary. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6. Don't talk a lot. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. Am interested in people. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8. Leave my belongings around. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9. Am relaxed most of the time. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10. Have difficulty understanding abstract ideas. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 11. Feel comfortable around people. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. Insult people. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 13. Pay attention to details. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 14. Worry about things. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15. Have a vivid imagination. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 16. Keep in the background. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 17. Sympathize with others' feelings. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 18. Make a mess of things. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 19. Seldom feel blue. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 20. Am not interested in abstract ideas. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 21. Start conversations. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 22. Am not interested in other people's problems. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 23. Get chores done right away. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 24. Am easily disturbed. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 25. Have excellent ideas. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 26. Have little to say. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 27. Have a soft heart. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 28. Often forget to put things back in their proper place. Very Inaccurate Very Accurate 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 29. Get upset easily. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 30. Do not have a good imagination. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 31. Talk to a lot of different people at parties. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 32. Am not really interested in others. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 33. Like order. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 34. Change my mood a lot. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 35. Am quick to understand things. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 36. Don't like to draw attention to myself. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 37. Take time out for others. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 38. Shirk my duties. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 39. Have frequent mood swings. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 40. Use difficult words. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 41. Don't mind being the centre of attention. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 42. Feel others' emotions. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 43. Follow a schedule. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 44. Get irritated easily. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 45. Spend time reflecting on things. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 46. Am quiet around strangers. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 47. Make people feel at ease. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 48. Am exacting in my work. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 49. Often feel blue. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 50. Am full of ideas. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Instructions. Below is a set of statements that could be used to describe you. Please read each one carefully, and circle a number from ‘0’ to '6', which represents the extent to which these statements are true for you. Like opinions, some of these statements may seem contradictory - this is not a trick - it's the way the world is. There are no trick questions or right or wrong answers - just give your opinion. Not True Somewhat True Very True 1. My first impressions of people usually turn out to be right 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2. I have received too much change from a salesperson without telling him or her 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3. It would be hard for me to break any of my bad habits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4. I always declare everything at customs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 5. I don't care to know what other people really think of me 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6. When I was young I sometimes stole things 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. I have not always been honest with myself 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8. I have never dropped litter on the street 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9. I always know why I like things 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 10. I sometimes drive faster than the speed limit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 11. When my emotions are aroused, it biases my thinking 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. I never read sexy books or magazines 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 13. Once I've made up my mind, other people can seldom change my opinion 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 14. I have done things that I don't tell other people about 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15. I am not a safe driver when I exceed the speed limit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 16. I never take things that don't belong to me 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 17. I am fully in control of my own fate 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 18. I have taken sick-leave from work or school even though I wasn't really sick 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 19. It's hard for me to shut off a disturbing thought 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 20. I have never damaged a library book or store merchandise without reporting it 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 21. I never regret my decisions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 22. I have some pretty awful habits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 23. I sometimes lose out on things because I can't make up my mind soon enough 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 24. I don't gossip about other people's business 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 25. The reason I vote is because my vote can make a difference 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 26. My parents were not always fair when they punished me 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 27. I am a completely rational person 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 Not True Somewhat True Very True 28. I rarely appreciate criticism 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 29. I am very confident of my own judgements 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 30. I have sometimes doubted my ability as a lover 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 31. It's all right with me if some people happen to dislike me 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 32. I don't always know the reasons why I do things 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 33. I sometimes tell lies if I have to 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 34. I never cover up my mistakes 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 35. There have been occasions when I have taken advantage of someone 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 36. I never swear 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 37. I sometimes try to get even rather than forgive and forget 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 38. I always obey laws, even if I'm unlikely to get caught 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 39. I have said something bad about a friend behind his or her back 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 40. When I hear people talking privately, I avoid listening 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Demographic information 1. Are you male or female? 2. What is your age? Male ________ 3. What is your current relationship status? Female (please tick one) (years) Romantically involved Single Married Other (please specify) ________________________________ 4. How long have you been in your relationship (estimate the number of months) months 9 Section three: Sexual attitudes and behavior Instructions: Although we would appreciate your responses to the following questions for research purposes, you are not obligated to respond if you feel uncomfortable doing so. We would also like to reemphasize that your answers are anonymous, and your responses can never be linked to you personally as you will be asked to place this entire survey in a locked cabinet at the end of the session. 1. With how many different partners have you had sex (sexual intercourse) within the last year? ____________ 2. How many different partners do you foresee yourself having sex with during the next five years? (please give a specific, realistic estimate)._____________ 3. With how many different partners have you had sex on one and only one occasion? ______________ 4. How often do you fantasize about having sex? (If you are in a relationship this excludes fantasizing about your current partner) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. never once every two or three months once a month once every two weeks once a week a few times each week nearly every day at least once a day 5. Sex without love is OK. strongly disagree 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 strongly agree 6. I can imagine myself being comfortable and enjoying ‘casual’ sex with different partners. strongly disagree 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 strongly agree 7. I would have to be closely attached to someone (both emotionally and psychologically) before I could feel comfortable and fully enjoy having sex with him or her. strongly disagree 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 strongly agree 10 EXPERIENCES IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS DEBRIEFING Thank you for completing this survey. Some of the questions in this survey measured people’s attachment styles in their romantic relationships. The attachment measure that we used is relatively new, and we do not know much about how well this scale works. The present research therefore aimed to examine the validity of this scale. In other words we sought to try and examine whether this scale is indeed measuring what it is supposed to – that is: Does the scale actually assess romantic attachment, and not some other similar personality trait? To answer this question we can test two different aspects of our attachment scale. We can firstly test whether the attachment scale relates to other measures that it should theoretically be related to, such as touch in romantic relationships. Psychologists call this a test of convergent validity. Put more formally, the second year PSYC 232 Research Methods text book defines convergent validity as the “assessment of the validity of a measure by demonstrating that the measure is related to other variables in predicted ways” (Cozby, 2001, p. 346). We can also test whether the attachment scale is unrelated to other measures that it should not be related to, such as measures of social desirability. Psychologists call this a test of discriminant validity. Stated formally, discriminant validity may be defined as the “assessment of the validity of a measure by demonstrating that the measure is not related to other variables that is theoretically should not be related to” (Cozby, 2001, p. 346). If you have any additional questions please feel free to contact Dr. Marc Wilson at: Marc.Wilson@vuw.ac.nz. Thank you again for your time. Dr. Marc Wilson Senior Lecturer School of Psychology/Te Kura Maatai Hinengaro Victoria University of Wellington Chris Sibley, Research assistant. 11