Chapter
Narrative Text (2)
8
What kind of story is it?
Learning Objectives:
1. The students are able to understand the meanings of spoken narrative
monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.
2. The students are able to express the meanings of spoken narrative monologs
accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.
3. The students are able to read the meanings of written narrative texts
accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted.
4. The students are able to write narrative texts accurately, fluently, contextually
accepted in the forms of formal and informal forms of writing.
SECTION ONE: Building Knowledge of the Field
Activity 1: Exploring Ideas
Answer the following questions.
1. What kinds of stories have you read?
2. What does a story usually tell?
3. What elements does a story have?
4. What characters of a story do you know best?
5. What are the settings of stories you are familiar well?
6. Do you remember the plot of the stories you have read?
7. How does that story begin?
8. What complications do the characters solve?
9. What is the end of the story?
10. What do the stories teach?
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Activity 2: Identifying the elements of the story
Fill in the table based on the following stories.
Identify the following:
1.
The characters (Who are they?
2.
The Setting (When and where did the stories happen?)
3.
The Plot (Beginning, Complication, Climax, Resolution, Ending)
Malin Kundang
Ali Baba
Aladdin
Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih
Sangkuriang
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Romeo and Juliet
98
Title
Malin
Kundang
Main Character
Malin Kundang
Other Characters
 Malin
Kundang’s
mother
 Malin
Kundang’s wife
 Trader
Setting



West Sumatra
Village
Ocean
Aladdin
Ali Baba
Bawang
Merah and
Bawang
Putih
Sangkuriang
Romeo and
Juliet
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Task 3: Study the following features of narratives.
A. Schematic Structure of Narrative

Orientation: sets the scene and introduces the participants
(When? Who? Where?)

Complication: a crisis arises (What was the problem?)

Resolution: the crisis is resolved, for better or for worse (How was the
problem resolved? How did the story end?)

Re-orientation: (optional stage)
B. Linguistic Features of Narrative

Specific participants: Sangkuriang, Ali Baba, Aladdin, Romeo, etc.

Action verbs(material processes): made, killed, ate, ran, climbed,
hunted, wrote, etc.

Saying verbs (verbal processes): said, told, exclaimed, protested,
asked, shouted, etc.

Mental verbs (mental processes): think, thought, believed, considered,
hoped, feel, suffered, etc.

Linking verbs (relational processes): is, am, are, was, were, had been,
will be, can be, will have been, etc.

Temporal connectives: when, first, until, then, finally etc.

Temporal circumstances: once upon a time, many centuries ago, etc.

Spatial circumstances: in the kingdom, in the palace, in the forest, etc.

Simple past: (all past formed/verb-2 used in the narratives)
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SECTION TWO: Modeling of the Text
Activity 4: Studying the schematic structure of the narrative text
Study the schematic structure of the following narrative text.
(Source: VCD Ali Baba)
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
Orientation
Major
Complication
Complication
Resolution
There once was a poor woodcutter, named Ali Baba.
He lived in the small wooden house near the forest.
One day he was gathering wood in the forest when a
band of thieves approached. He hid and watched them enter a
cave that opened when they said the words, “Alakazam,
open!” After they departed, Ali Baba stood before the cave and
gave the command “Alakazam, open!” He was surprised, the
cave opened to reveal an enormous supply of gold and
treasures. Ali Baba packed some of the gold on his donkeys
and returned home.
His brother Qasim was rich but hardhearted merchant,
discovered Ali Baba's new wealth, he demanded an
explanation. The next day Qasim visited the cave and greedily
gathered as much treasure as he could, but forgot the formula
for leaving the cave. The thieves opened the cave and found
Qasim over there. The leader of the thieves killed him.
Qasim’s wife was worried why her husband did not
come home for a day. She asked Ali Baba to look for him. Ali
Baba went to the cave and was surprised that his brother killed.
He brought his brother’s body home and one knew it and
reported that to the leader of the thieves.
The following day the leader of the thieves planed to
kill Ali Baba and he came to his house. He tried to kill him,
fortunately his slave, Murganah, helped him. She swung a
sword and killed the leader of the thieves. Murganah freed Ali
Baba from the murder.
Finally Ali Baba married Murganah and they lived
happily ever after.
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Activity 5: Studying the linguistic features of the narrative text
Study the schematic structure of the following narrative text.
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
There once was a poor woodcutter, named Ali Baba. He
lived in the small wooden house near the forest.
One day he was gathering wood in the forest when a
band of thieves approached. He hid and watched them enter
a cave that opened when they said the words, “Alakazam,
open!” After they departed, Ali Baba stood before the cave
and gave the command “Alakazam, open!” He was
surprised, the cave opened to reveal an enormous supply of
gold and treasures. Ali Baba packed some of the gold on
his donkeys and returned home.
His brother Qasim was rich but hardhearted merchant,
discovered Ali Baba's new wealth, he demanded an
explanation. The next day Qasim visited the cave and
greedily gathered as much treasure as he could, but forgot
the formula for leaving the cave. The thieves opened the
cave and found Qasim over there. The leader of the thieves
killed him.
Qasim’s wife was worried why her husband did not come
home for a day. She asked Ali Baba to look for him. Ali
Baba went to the cave and was surprised that his brother
killed. He brought his brother’s body home and one knew it
and reported that to the leader of the thieves.
The following day the leader of the thieves planed to kill
Ali Baba and he came to his house. He tried to kill him,
fortunately his slave, Murganah, helped him. She swung a
sword and killed the leader of the thieves. Murganah freed
Ali Baba from the murder.
Finally Ali Baba married Murganah and they lived
happily ever after.
Specific
Participant
Spatial
Circumstance
Temporal
Circumstance
Temporal
Conjunction
Action Verb
Linking Verb
Past Tense
Verbal Verb
Spatial
Circumstance
Specific
Participant
Verbal Verb
Verbal Verb
Specific
Participant
Temporal
Connective
(Source: Adapted from Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2003.
Contributed By Hasan M. El-Shamy)
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Activity 6: Answering the questions
Answer the following questions based on the text above.
1. What is the purpose of writing a narrative text?
2. How did the story begin?
3. Who are the characters?
4. Who is the main character?
5. Where did the story take place?
6. When did it happen?
7. What problem did Ali Baba have based on the story?
8. How did he solve the problem?
9. Who helped Ali Baba?
10. How were the thieves?
11. What is the end of the story?
12. What is the theme of the story?
13. What lesson does the story teach?
14. Can you find the daily problem which is the same as the story?
15. What lesson can you take from this story?
Activity 7: Finding the past tense used in the story
Write ten sentences of the past tense used in the story.
1. …………………………………………………………………………..
2. …………………………………………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………………………………………..
4. …………………………………………………………………………..
5. …………………………………………………………………………..
6. …………………………………………………………………………..
7. …………………………………………………………………………..
8. …………………………………………………………………………..
9. …………………………………………………………………………..
10. …………………………………………………………………………..
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SECTION THREE: Joint Construction of the Text
Activity 8: Analyzing the schematic structure of the narrative text
Study the schematic structure of the following narrative text.
1. Which paragraph is Orientation of the story?
2. Which paragraph is Complication of the story?
3. Which paragraph is Resolution of the story?
1
2
3
4
5
6
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named
Snow White, She lived with her Aunt and Uncle
because her parents were died.
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking
about leaving Snow White in the castle because they
both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have
enough money to take Snow White.
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to
do this so she decided it would be best if she ran
away. The next morning she ran away from home
when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast.
She ran away into the woods.
She was very tired and hungry. Then she saw
this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered
so she went inside and fell asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming
home from work. They went inside. There they
found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White
woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said,
“What is your name?” Snow White said, “My name
is Snow White.”
Doc said, “If you wish, you may live here with
us”. Snow White said, “Oh could I? Thank you.”
Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story
and Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever
after.
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Activity 9: Analyzing the linguistic features of the narrative text
Study the schematic structure of the following narrative text.
Specific participant, action verb, verbal verb, mental verbs, linking
verb, temporal connectives, temporal circumstances, spatial
circumstances, past tense.
1
Once upon a time there lived a little girl
named Snow White, She lived with her Aunt and
2
Uncle because her parents were died.
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking
3
4
5
13
14
about leaving Snow White in the castle because they
both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have
enough money to take Snow White.
15
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt
to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran
away. The next morning she ran away from home
16
17
when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast. She
6
ran away into the woods.
18
She was very tired and hungry. Then she saw
7
this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered
19
so she went inside and fell asleep.
8
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming
home from work. They went inside. There they found
9
Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up.
She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, “What is your
10
11
21
name?” Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.”
Doc said, “If you wish, you may live here
22
with us”. Snow White said, “Oh could I? Thank you.”
Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and
12
20
23
Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.
Taken from Making Sense of Functional Grammar
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Activity 10: Answering the question based on the text
Reread the story above and answer the following questions.
1. What is the best title for the story above?
………………………………………………………
2. Who is the main character?
………………………………………………………
3. Who are other characters?
………………………………………………………
4. Where did the story take place?
………………………………………………………
5. What lesson can you take from this story?
………………………………………………………
Activity 11: Changing the verbs into the past form
Read the following story and change the whole verbs into the past
form. Rewrite the story in the provided space below.
Aladdin is the lazy son of a poor
Chinese tailor. After his father's death, he
meets a magician who posses as his uncle and
persuades Aladdin to retrieve a wonderful
lamp from a hidden cave. When Aladdin fails
to give the lamp to the magician before
emerging from the cave, the magician
becomes enraged and seals the cave, leaving
Aladdin to die.
In his misery Aladdin weeps and
wrings his hands, releasing a genie from a ring
the magician had given him. The genie frees
Aladdin, who soon discovers that the lamp
also produces powerful genies when rubbed.
They grant Aladdin his every wish, and he
eventually becomes immensely wealthy and
marries the daughter of the sultan.
Free of these enemies, Aladdin lives a
long, happy life and succeeds the sultan to the
throne.
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Orientation
: …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
Complication : …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
Resolution
: …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
Activity 12: Answering the questions
Answer the following questions based on the story above.
Do this in your group.
1. What is the best title of the story above?
………………………………………………………………………………
2. Who is the main character?
………………………………………………………………………………
3. Who are other characters of the story?
………………………………………………………………………………
4. Where did the story take place?
………………………………………………………………………………
5. When do you think that story occurred?
………………………………………………………………………………
6. What does the word “he” in the second sentence refer to?
………………………………………………………………………………
7. How did the story begin?
………………………………………………………………………………
8. What is the climax of the story?
………………………………………………………………………………
9. How did the main character solve his problem?
………………………………………………………………………………
10. What is the end of the story?
………………………………………………………………………………
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Activity 13: Choosing the correct answer based on the story
Write T if it is true or F if it is false.
1. “Aladdin” is an original Indonesian story. ( T - F )
2. Aladdin always rubbed his magic lamp to ask his wishes. ( T - F )
3. Genies never came though Aladdin rubbed the lamp many times. ( T - F )
4. Aladdin asked genies to kill the magician. ( T - F )
5. Helping each other is the value of that story but asking genies wishes is
forbidden. ( T - F )
SECTION FOUR: Independent Construction of the Text
Activity 14: Analyzing the schematic structure of the narrative text
Analyze the schematic structure: Orientation, Complication,
Resolution and Reorientation, of the following stories.
Once upon a time there was a young girl named Cinderella who lived with
her stepmother and two stepsisters.
Cinderella’s stepmother and stepsisters were conceited and bad tempered.
They treated Cinderella very badly. Her stepmother made Cinderella do the
hardest work in the house, such as scrubbing the floor and cleaning the pots and
pans. She gave Cinderella an old ragged dress to wear. The two stepsisters, on the
other hand, did no work about the house, and their mother gave them many
handsome dresses to wear.
One day the two stepsisters received an invitation to a ball that the king’s
son was going to give at the palace. They were excited about this and spent so
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much time choosing the dresses they would wear. At last the day of the ball came,
and away went the sisters to it. Cinderella could not help crying after they had left.
“Why are you crying, Cinderella? A voice asked. She looked up and saw
her fairy godmother standing beside her. “Because I want so much to go to the
ball,” said Cinderella. “Well,” said her godmother, “you’ve been such a cheerful,
uncomplaining, hardworking girl that I am going to see that you do go to the
ball”.
Magically, the fairy godmother changed a pumpkin into a fine coach and
mice into a coachman and two footmen. Her godmother tapped Cinderella’s
ragged dress with her wand, and it became a beautiful ball gown. Then she gave
her a pair of pretty glass slippers. “Now, Cinderella,“ she said, “you must leave
before midnight.” Then, away she drove in her beautiful coach.
Cinderella was having a wonderfully good time. She danced again and
again with the king’s son. Suddenly, the clock began to strike twelve. She ran
towards the door as quickly as she could. In her hurry, one of her glass slippers
came off and was left behind.
A few days later the king’s son proclaimed he would marry the girl whose
foot fitted the glass slipper. The king’s page came to Cinderella’s house. Her
stepsisters tried on the slipper but it was too small for them no matter how hard
they squeezed their toes into it. The king’s page let Cinderella try on the slipper.
She stuck out her foot, and the page slipped the slipper on. It fitted perfectly.
Finally, she was driven to the palace. The king’s son was overjoyed to see
her again. They were married and lived happily ever after.
Activity 15: Analyzing the linguistic features of the narrative text
Read the text above and write the linguistic features in the table.
The simple past
Specific participants
Action verbs
Saying verbs
Linking verbs
Mental verbs
Time connectives
Temporal circumstances
Spatial circumstances
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Activity 16: Rewriting the story
Rewrite the story “Ali Baba” using your own words.
Use the plan of narrative text provided below.
A Narrative Text Plan

Title: (Give an interesting title that attracts your reader’s attention)

Orientation: sets the scene and introduces the participants

(When? Who? Where?)

Complication: a crisis arises (What was the problem?)

Resolution: the crisis is resolved, for better or for worse (How was the
problem resolved? How did the story end?)

Re-orientation: (optional stage)
Orientation
: …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
Complication : …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
Resolution
: …………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
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