Mrs. Perry – Chemistry 1 – 2014
Name________________________________
Section 1.1 A Story of Two Substances
1. The “stuff” around you is made of the building blocks found in stars. What do scientists call this stuff and these
building blocks?
2. Define chemistry.
3. Name two discoveries that involved real-life events.
4. What have you most likely experienced as a result of ultraviolet radiation from the sun?
5. What is UVB?
6. Name 4 harmful effects of an increased level of UVB radiation.
7. What happens to living organisms in the presence of too much UVB?
8. What protects living organisms from UVB?
9. What element makes up ozone and what is its purpose?
10. Define substance.
11. See figure 1.2 on the top of page 5. List the order of the five layers of the earths’ atmosphere, starting with the one
closest to the earth.
12. What layer of the atmosphere
a. Contains the air we breathe?
b. Has clouds?
c. Has the ozone layer?
d. Would be where you would find the space shuttle?
13. What is the formula for oxygen gas? ozone? [like water’s formula is H2O]
14. Describe how ozone is formed. [see figure 1.3 on the top of page 6]
15. Why does there tend to be a balance between oxygen gas and ozone levels?
16. What makes ozone a convenient marker for studying air flow around the earth?
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Mrs. Perry – Chemistry 1 – 2014
Name________________________________
17. What is G.M.B. Dobson noted for?
18. What is considered to be a normal amount of ozone in the stratosphere?
19. In what year was it confirmed that the ozone layer was thinning?
20. In the 1920’s, what toxic gas was used as a refrigerant?
21. What is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)? Where are they made?
22. In what year were CFC’s widely used as refrigerants?
23. What other uses were found for CFC’s?
24. In what year were CFC’s found to be present in the atmosphere?
25. Why was it believed that CFC’s did not pose a threat to the environment?
Section 1.2 Chemistry and Matter
1. Define matter.
2. Define mass.
3. Is air considered to be matter? Why or why not?
4. List five “things” that are NOT matter.
5. Define weight.
6. Is your weight the same everywhere on earth? What happens as you move away from sea level?
7. Describe why do scientists prefer to use mass rather than weight.
8. What does macroscopic mean?
9. What things make up matter?
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Mrs. Perry – Chemistry 1 – 2014
Name________________________________
10. What does submicroscopic mean? What is another phrase that means submicroscopic level?
11. Define model.
12. List the 10 branches of chemistry, their area of emphasis, and examples of the emphasis.
Branch of chemistry
Area of emphasis
Examples of emphasis
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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Section 1.3 Scientific Methods
1. Define scientific method.
2. Use figure 1.9 to list the steps in the scientific method.
3. Define observation.
4. Define qualitative data.
5. Define quantitative data.
6. What was the hypothesis made by Molina and Rowland?
7. Define hypothesis.
8. Define experiment
9. Define independent variable.
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Mrs. Perry – Chemistry 1 – 2014
Name________________________________
10. Define dependent variable.
11. Define control.
12. Define conclusion.
13. What did Molina and Rowland’s model show?
14. What was the conclusion of Molina and Rowland?
15. Define theory.
16. What was Sir Isaac Newton’s famous law about?
17. Define scientific law.
Section 1.4 Scientific Research
1. What is pure research?
2. What is applied research?
3. What was accidentally discovered by Alexander Fleming?
4. What was accidentally discovered by Julian Hill? What did Hill and his colleagues pursue after this?
5. What are you responsible for when working in the chemical laboratory?
6. What is the Montreal Protocol?
7. When and where does the ozone hole form each year?
8. When do scientists think that the ozone layer will recover?
9. What powers the car pictured in figure 1.19?
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