BASIC BALINESE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
Basic English-Spanish-Indonesian-Balinese
ENGLISH
SPANISH
INDONESIAN
a
un
(not used or
substitute
“one”)
again
POLITE
BALINESE
LOW
BALINESE
HIGH
BALINESE
(this is not used
but “one” may
be substituted)
malih
(this is not used
but “one” may
be substituted)
buin, buwin, bin
(this is not used
but “one” may
be substituted)
malih, wawanin
miwah, ring,
kalih
wenten tepekin
muah, teken, lan
tur rauhing
ada, nekain,
tekain tebengin
ngerauhin
rauhin
ring
seantukan
di, sig
sawireh, kerana
ring
riantukan,
duaning
gentos
de nuevo,
otra vez
y
lagi
are (located
at)
estar
at
because
a (situada a)
porque
(not used
although ada is
possible)
di
karena
become
(change; this
is “ganti” in
Indonesian)
big
but
llegar a ser
menjadi
gentos
sehin
grande
pero
besar
tetapi
ageng
kewanten
can
poder
bisa; dapat
mresidayang
child
nino
anak
putera, puteri
come
venir
datang
rauh, dateng
day
die
dia
morir
hari
mati
do (I do
many things)
drink
hacer
membuat
rahina
padem
(nyuarga)
karya
gede
nanging,
sakewanten
bisa , nyidayang
, ampuh
anak, pianak,
panak
mai ja, mae
malu
dina, lemeng
mati
beber
minum
ear
eat
oreja
comer
telinga
makan
excuse me
(forgive me)
finish
perdoname
ma’af
terminar
berhenti
and
dan
inem, ajeng
(ang)
karna, kuping
ngajeng (ang)
nunas
nyinampura;
tabik
puputang
agung
sakewanten
ubing
oka
rawuh
gae, ngae
rahina
seda, mantuk
(lepas)
makarya
inem
nginem
kuping
ma) daar, neda
karna
ngrayunang
ngaksama
nyinampura
peragatang
puputang
food
comida
makanan
foot
for
from
pie
para
de (soy de
Mexico)
dar
ir
bueno
mano
tener
give
go
good
hand
have
(possess)
he
hear
hello (may
God’s
blessings be
hoped for;
this is also
used for
goodbye,
welcome)
her
el (el es mi
amigo)
oir
buenos dias
su (de ella)
kaki
untuk
dari
ajeng-ajengan
tatedan
buntut
buat ring
saking
dadaran
(pangan)
batis, bais
buat (teken)
uli
rayunan,
ajengan
cokor, pada
kangge, pabuat
saking
memberi
pergi
baik
tangan
mempunyai
wehin, ngaweh
lunga
becik
tangan, lima
madue, maderbe
bang, ngicen
luas
melah
lima
ngelah
icen, aweh
lunga
becik
tangan
maderbe
dia
dane, ipun
ia
ida
mendengar
apa kabar?
piragi
om swastiyastu;
halo
dingeh
om swastiyastu;
halo
pireng
om swastiyastu;
halo
here
his
aqui
su (de el)
house
casa
-nya; NOUN
then dia
disini
-nya; NOUN
then dia
rumah
how?
how (in what
way)?
how many?
com?
como?
ne
iriki
idane
dini
ne
deriki
ida
jeroan
umah
bagaimana
bagaimana
a sapunapi
kenken
geria, puri
(a puri is where
people in the
Brahmanic
priestly caste
live)
sapunapi
cuantos?
berapa
akuda
kuda, kudang,
kude
kudang kudang
berapa orang?
tiang
yening
ring
icang, tiang, iba
yen, yan, yening
lamun
di, sig
titiang
yen, yan
in
is
cuantas
personas?
cuanto?
yo
si (voy si es
posible)
en (adentro)
es
know (a fact)
saber
uning
tawang
keni
how many
people?
how much?
I
if
berapa?
saya
jika
dalam; didalam
ada (usually left
out)
mengetahui;
tahu
ring
live
vivir
berhidup; hidup
malinggih
like (enjoy)
man
many
more (used
as adverb:
more
beautiful)
gustarse
hombre
muchos
mas
menyukai; sukai
orang lelaki
banyak
lebih
ledang, suka
anak lanang
akeh
becikan
idup, nongos,
magumi
demen
anak muani
liu, liyu
luwungan,
melahan
magenah
ledang, lila
jadma lanang
katah, kabeh
becikan
akehan
liunan
katahan
bandingan ring
makehan, pinih
akeh
cangkem
pisan
beneh, bantes
padaang teken
makehan, pinih
akeh
bungut
pidan
patut, nyandang
banding ring
liunan, paling
liuna
lambe, cangkem
pisan
patut
pesengan, wasta
mabuat
adan
perlu
parab
mabuat
tan
tu sing, tuara
bukan
tan; sing
tu sing, tuara
nenten,
tanwenten
nenten,
tanwenten
tidak banyak
sekarang; kini
dari
mangkin, jani
saking
jani, nejani
uli
pramangkin
saking
more in
amount
more than
most
mas de
el mas
lebih dari
terlebih
mouth
much
must
must not
boca
mucho
tener que
no tener que
name
need
nombre
necesitar
no
no
mulut
banyak
mesti, harus
mesti tidak,
harus tidak
nama
memperlui;
perlu
tidak; tak; tiada
not
no (usado en
frente de un
verbo)
no mucho
ahora
de (es el libro
de Ana)
en (en tapa
de)
uno
o
o no?
gente,
personas
diatas
ring duwur
duwur
ring duwur
satu
atau
...bukan?
orang-orang;
rakyat; manusia
siki, adiri
wiadin, utawi
besik
wiadin
siki, adiri
wiadin, utawi
jadma
manusia, jelema
anak, jelema,
jadma
por favor
silahkan
rarisang
lautang
raris
read
leer
membaca; baca
paca, waja
see
she
sit down
ver
ella
sentarse
ningalin
ia
negak
wacen,
ngewacen
aksinin
ida
malingga
sleep
dormir
melihat; lihat
dia; ia
menduduk;
duduk
tidur
waca, bawos,
memawos
cingakin
dane, ipun
malinggih
sirep
pules
makolem
not much
now
of
on (upon, on
top of)
one
or
...or not?
people
(human
beings)
please
some (a little
bit of...)
some
(=several)
somebody
something
sometimes
un poco de
sedikit
akidik
abedik, gigis
akidik, kidik
unos; algunos
beberapa
pirang pirang
pirang pirang
alguien
algo
a veces
siapa-apa
apa-apa
kadang-kadang
sinalih tunggil
apan apan
diasapunapine
speak
hablar
berbicara; bicara
mabaos
still yet
street
teach
thanks
that
that one
there
they
todavia
calle
ensenar
gracias
ese, esa
eso
alli
ellos
masih
jalan
mengajar; ajar
terima kasih
itu
yang itu
disana
mereka
kari
marga, margi
urukin ngurukin
matur suksme
punika
makudang
kudang
salah tunggal
-dikenkene,
kapan kapan
ngomong,
ngeraos
enu
jalan, rurung
ngajahin, ajahin
matur suksme
ento
thing
this
time
to (toward)
understand
cosa
esto
tiempo (hora)
a (hacia)
comprender
up
very
want
water
iriki, marika
dane samian,
ipun
sinamian/samian
ditu, kema
ia makajang
benda
ini
waktu
ke
mengerti
barang
niki, puniki
tempo
ke
midep
arriba
muy
querer
agua
keatas
sangat
mau
air
ring duwur
benget, dahat
kayun
toya
brana, reramon
ene
kala
ke
ngerti, resep,
ngeresepang
duwur
sangat, gati
nyak
yeh
we
nosotros
kami; kita
tiang sami
what
when?
when (if)
who?
who
why?
que
cuando?
cuando
quien?
quien, que
por que?
apa
kapan?
ketika
siapa?
yang
kenapa?
napi
malih pidan?
yaning?
sapasira?
sane
ngudiang?
will (shall)
va a; en
futuro
con
mujer
palabra
akan
jagi, pacang
dengan
wanita
kata
ngangge
anak istri
raos, pajar
with
woman
word
icang, tiang, iba
+ onyangan,
makejang pada
apa
buin pidan?
yeng?
nyen?
ane
nguda?
(kenapa),
ngudiang?
lakar, bakal jagi,
sanjane
nganggon
anak luh, eluh
munyi (kruna)
sinalih tunggil
punapa punapi
-ngandika
kantun
margi
uruk, muruk
matur suksme
punika
drika
ida sami /sarang
sami/sarang
sinamian
(literally: s/he/it
all)
bebanderan
puniki
kala
ke
ngertos
ring duwur
banget, rahat
ledang
tirta (banyu),
toya
titiang sami
punapi
malih pidan?
yening?
sapasira?
sane
punapi awinan?
jagi, pacang
ngangge
anak istri
suara (kruna)
yes
you
si (Si, senor.
usted; tu
ya
kamu
inggih, patut
ragane
you (all)
ustedes;
vosotros
kamu kalian
ragene sami
ya, nggih, saja
cai (male), nai
(female), iba
patut
ratu
Balinese dictionary: http://kamus.baliwae.com/index.php?q=again
Notes: There was some consultation also with Terry (Terbika) Tisna who was born
in northern Bali but any errors are my own. The accent in Balinese is on the last
syllable.
LEARN MORE
APRENDAN MAS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_language#Balinese_script
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/balinese.htm
http://www.promotingbali.com/bali-guide/language/
BASIC CHINESE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
Chinese is spoken by about 1,250,000,000 people. It is the most spoken language on
earth, English being second, Hindi third, and Spanish fourth.
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
Nǐ hǎo! You good. 你好!
Nǐ jìao shénme míngzi? (You called what
name?
Nǐ huì shuō Yīngyǔ ma? (Nee whee shwoh
Yeengyü mah? You able speak English not?
你会说英语吗?)
Yìdiǎn. (Yee dehnr 一点)
Wǒ bù dǒng. (Woh boo dohng. I not
understand. 我 不 懂.)
Nàgè shì shénme? (Nahguh shih shuhnmuh?
7. How much?
哪个是 什么?)
Duo1 shao3 qian2? (Dwoh sheow chehn?
Much little money? 多少钱)
8. I want it.
Wǒ yào (Woh yow tah. 我 要他.
9. Please.
Qīng. (Cheeng. 请)
10. Thanks.
Xièxie! (Shih shih! 谢谢!)
Cèsuǒ zài nǎli? (Toillet at where? Tsuh-swoh
11. Where is a bathroom?
dzī nahlee? 厕所在哪里?)
12. Goodbye.
Zàijiàn. (Dzī jehn. Until see. 再见!)
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, it
we, you (pl.), they,
already, see, go, come, day,
up, down
road, street
with, from,
one, good,
man, and,
or, woman,
food, water,
to, house,
word, because,
much, cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe
wǒ, nǐ, tā, tā, tā,
wǒmen (wohmuhn), nǐmen, tāmen
yiĭjīng, kànjiàn, qù, lái, tiān
xiàngshàng, xìa
lù, jiēdào
hé, cóng,
yī, hǎo,
nárén, hé,
háishi, nǚrén
shíwù/chīde, shuĭ
dào, fángzi
cí, yīnwèi
xŭduō, lĕng, bù, rè
shìde, bù, kĕnéng
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then
regularly from time to time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your
pronunciation. Later you can add some more words and grammar. To make your
practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on index cards then use
them to play easy card games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards.
You can also draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
http://wikitravel.org/en/Chinese_phrasebook http://babelfish.altavista.com/tr
http://www.zein.se/patrick/3000char.html
CREEK LANGUAGE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
c=inch or actually a sound between inch and jar); v=up,
e=if/machine, -e=bed, i=day, o=ou, u=put
SURVIVAL PHRASES (GLOSSES)
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
Estonko
Nake cem hocefkv. (What your name?)
Ceeme opunvyetv Ingles? (You speak
English?)
Estomusat.
Vne kerretv eko. (I understand not.)
Nako mv. (What that?)
Nvcomen cvto-konawv. (How+much
money?)
Vne kometv mv. (I want that.)
Vhakv. (Commandment.)
Mvto.
Estvmimv cukuce? (Where bathroom?)
Cehecarees.
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, it
we, they,
want
already, see, go, come, day,
up, down, in,
road, street
with, from,
one, good,
man, and, but
or, woman,
food, water,
to, house,
word, because,
much, cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe
big, little
yesterday, tomorrow, today, now
here, there, left, right
vne, ceeme, eeme, eeme, mv
pome, eeme,
kometv
entis, hecetv, vyetv, vtetv, nettv,
onvpv, lecv, ofv
nene, tak-etehoyvnkv,
vpvketv, em,
hvmken, svmmomee,
este-honvnwv, momen, momis,
monkat, hoktee
hompetv, uewv,
oh, cuko,
opunvkv, omeecicen,
sulkee, kvsvppee, eko, lekhee
ehe, monkos, witee
rakkee, cutkee
paksvnkee, pakse, mocv-nettv, hiyomat
heyv, mi, kvskvnv, kvperv
ACTIVITIES
Pronounce the words and phrases a lot two or three days then regularly time to
time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your pronunciation. Later you
can add some more words and grammar. To make your practice fun, you can write
some of the words and phrases on index cards then use them to play easy card
games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards. You can also draw then
fill in simple Bingo sheets. Dictionary Of Creek. Martin & Mauldin. U of
Nebraska Press. 2000.
LEARN MORE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creek_language
Consulted language books (dictionaries etc) concerning Creek available at Haskell Indian
College at Lawrence, Kansas
Hopothie Mico; courtesy of wikipedia.org
FARSI
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LocationIran.png
Map of Iran
The Farsi language is also known as Persian or Iranian. Most of its speakers are in
Iran in the Middle East next to Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan etc. In past times the
nation was known as Persia. This is a short dictionary in English, Spanish and
Farsi. The language is normally written in a form of the Arabic alphabet. Many
Iranians are in ESL programs since migrating to the U.S., United Kingdom etc.
Many also live in France and in large cities around the world.
English: a
Spanish: un
Farsi: (not used; you may substitute the word for "one" which is "yek")
English: again
Spanish: de nuevo
Farsi: dobâre
English: all
Spanish: todo
Farsi: hameh
English: also
Spanish: también
Farsi: ham
English: and
Spanish: y
Farsi: va
English: animal
Spanish: animal
Farsi: heyvân
English: at
Spanish: a, situatada a
Farsi: dar; beh
English: bathroom, toilet
Spanish: baño
Farsi: ham~âm
English: be
Spanish: ser
Farsi: budan
English: because
Spanish: porque
Farsi: barâ-ye' inkeh
English: big
Spanish: grand
Farsi: bozorg
English: book
Spanish: libro
Farsi: ketâb
English: but
Spanish: pero
Farsi: vali
English: can
Spanish: poder
Farsi: kompot kardan
English: child
Spanish: niño
Farsi: bach~eh
English: cold
Spanish: frío, frigido
Farsi: sard
English: color
Spanish: color
Farsi: rang
English: come
Spanish: venir
Farsi: âmadan
English: day
Spanish: día
Farsu: ruz
English: dog
Spanish: perro
Farsi: sag; kalb
English: down
Spanish: abajo
Farsi: pâyin; par
English: eat
Spanish: comer
Farsi: khordan
English: food
Spanish: comida
Farsi: qazâ; khorak
English: for
Spanish: para
Farsi: barây-e
English: from
Spanish: de
Farsi: az
English: future
Spanish: futuro
Farsi: âyandeh
English: go
Spanish: ir
Farsi: raftan
English: good
Spanish: bueno
Farsi: khub
English: goodbye
Spanish: adios
Farsi: khodâ hâfez
English: group
Spanish: grupo
Farsi: goruh
English: have
Spanish: tener
Farsi: dâshtan
English: he
Spanish: él
Farsi: u
English: hello
Spanish: buenos días
Farsi: salâm
English: help
Spanish: ayudar
Farsi: komak kardan
English: here
Spanish: aquí
Farsi: injâ
English: house
Spanish: casa
Farsi: khâneh; manzel
English: how
Spanish: cómo
Farsi: chetor
English: I
Spanish: yo
Farsi: man
English: if
Spanish: si
Farsi: agar
English: in
Spanish: en
Farsi: dar
English: is
Spanish: es
Farsi: ast
English: it
Spanish: lo (la cosa)
Farsi: ân
English: language
Spanish: lengua
Farsi: zabân
English: love (noun)
Spanish: amor
Farsi: eshq
English: man
Spanish: hombre
Farsi: mard; adâm
English: many
Spanish: muchos
Farsi: kheyli; besyâr
English: money
Spanish: dinero
Farsi: pul
English: more
Spanish: mas
Farsi: bishtar
English: much
Spanish: mucho
Farsi: ziâd
English: my
Spanish: mi
Farsi: -am (example: money is pul and -am is my, so pulam is money+my or "my
money.")
English: name
Spanish: nombre
Farsi: esm; nâm
English: number
Spanish: número
Farsi:
English: not
Spanish: no
Farsi: na
English: of
Spanish: de
Farsi: e, az
English: one
Spanish: uno
Farsi: yek
English: or
Spanish: o
Farsi: yâ
English: part
Spanish: parte
Farsi: farq
English: past
Spanish: pasado
Farsi: gozashteh; mâzi
English: plant
Spanish: planta
Farsi: giâh; nabât
English: please
Spanish: por favor
Farsi: khâhesh mikonam; lotfan
English: road
Spanish: camino
Farsi: râh
English: room
Spanish: cuarto
Farsi: otâq
English: say
Spanish: decir
Farsi: goftan
English: see
Spanish: ver
Farsi: didan
English: she
Spanish: ella
Farsi: u
English: sky
Spanish: cielo
Farsi: âsemân
English: something
Spanish: algo
Farsi: yek-chizi
English: speak
Spanish: hablar
Farsi: soh-bat kardan
English: street
Spanish: calle
Farsi: kiâbân
English:sun
Spanish: sol
Farsi: khorshid; shams
English:thanks
Spanish: gracias
Farsi: moteshakeram; mersi
English: that
Spanish: eso
Farsi: ân
English: the
Spanish: el
Farsi: (not used but the word for "that" may be substituted)
English: therefore
Spanish: por lo tanto
Farsi: banâ-bar-in
English: they
Spanish: ellos
Farsi: ânhâ
(people); inshân (animals)
English:thing
Spanish: cosa
Farsi: chiz; shey
English: this
Spanish: esto
Farsi: in
English: three
Spanish: tres
Farsi: seh
English: time
Spanish: tiempo (hora)
Farsi: zamân; bâr
English: to
Spanish: a
Farsi: beh
English: town
Spanish: pueblo
Farsi: shahr
English: two
Spanish: dos
Farsi: do
English: understand
Spanish: comprender
Farsi: fahmidan
English: up
Spanish: arriba
Farsi: bâlâye
English: very
Spanish: muy
Farsi: kheili
English: want
Spanish: querer
Farsi: khâstan
English: was
Spanish: fue
Farsi: bud
English: water
Spanish: agua
Farsi: âb
English: we
Spanish: nosotros
Farsi: mâ
English: weather
Spanish: tiempo
Farsi: havâ
English: what
Spanish: qué
Farsi: chi?, che?
English: when
Spanish: cuándo
Farsi: kei?
English: where
Spanish: dónde
Farsi: kojâ?
English: who
Spanish: quién
Farsi: ki?
English: why
Spanish: por qué
Farsi: cherâ
English: with
Spanish: con
Farsi: ba
English: woman
Spanish: mujer
Farsi: zan
English: word
Spanish: palabra
Farsi: kalameh
English: you
Spanish: usted, tu
Farsi: shomâ
English: your
Spanish: su, tu
Farsi: e-shomâ
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Damavand3.jpg
Mount Damavand is Iran’s highest mountain.
SURVIVAL HAUSA – AN AFRICAN LANGUAGE
HAUSA SUPERVIVENCIA – UNA LENGUA
AFRICANA
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
ENGLISH-ESPAÑOL-HAUSA
Hausa is spoken in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria...). There are dialects. It has a high and a low tone.
Se habla Hausa en Africa del Oeste (Ghana, Nigeria...) Hay dialectos. Tiene tono alto y tono bajo.
Where is the bathroom?
left, right, straight
How much money?
What is that?
I want more.
I don't speak much.
You understand?
Donde esta el baño?
izquierda, derecha, todo derecho
Cuanto dinero?
Que es esto?
Quiero mas.
No hablo mucho.
Entiende usted?
Baayan-gidaa inà? (Bathroom where?)
hagu, daama, car
Nawà kud'ii?
Mene ne wannan-abu?
Naa soo fìye dà.
Naa bàà zântaa ainù(n)/bìrjik,
Ku/Ka fargaa?
food and water,
man, woman,
house, town,
road, river,
good, big,
comida y agua,
hombre, mujer,
casa, pueblo
camino, rio
bueno, grande,
one, two
go, see
name
down, already
from
hello, goodbye
please, thanks
uno, dos
ir, ver
nombre
abajo, ya
de
buenos dias, adios
por favor, gracias
cììye-cììyee da ruwa
mùtûm/namijì, màcè
d'aakìì/gidaa, k'auyèè
hanyàà/ tiitìì, gulbii
dà kyâu (have goodness),
bààbba (before singular noun)/mânyā (p.)
d'aya, biyu
tàfi, ganii
suunaa
k'asà, daamaa
dàgà
sànnu, àdaabò
don Allààh, maadàllaa
Adjective+Noun is usual
Word order: (Subject+Object+Verb usually) He and she students are. We water drink.
And exception: What is that?
Negation: House not big not be.
“To Be”: nè (but for female: cè)
“There is”: Akwai + Noun.” “There isn’t”: Babu + Noun.”
There are masculine and feminine nouns and pronouns; example: “that” is wane (m), wace (f), mene (n)
LEARN MORE
http://www.multilingualbooks.com/onlinedicts-african.html#hausa
http://www.univie.ac.at/Hausa/oracle/DBEnglish2.html
http://bargeryhausa.gotdns.com/frame.html
http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/aflang/hausarbaka/Download_vocabulary.html
http://www.teachyourselfhausa.com/simple-sentences-market-situation.php
http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/aflang/Hausa/Hausa_online_grammar/grammar_fra
me.html
http://wikitravel.org/en/Hausa_phrasebook
BASIC JAPANESE
More than 130 million people speak Japanese. Most are in Japan but many people
also speak it in Brazil, Peru, Hawaii and Guam. There are three syllable alphabets,
but here it is in phonetics. The word o- is equivalent to “honorable” but is often
used with inanimate words, for example: kane=money, but “Okane, kudasai.” =
“Honorable+money, please” meaning “Give me the money, please.” For the words
below a=ah/ma, e=eh/pet, i=ee/machine, o=oh/no, u=oo/rude; -oo = a prolonged o
sound as in “I said no on that.” To make the r sound bend your tongue up to the top
of your mouth then put it on the back of the alveolar ridge and say the r sound.
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
Ogenki gozaimasu ka. (Honorable+health
being question?)
O-namae wa nan desu ka?
(Honorable+name concerning what
question?)
Eigo ga hanashimasu ka? (English emphasis
speaking question?)
Sukoshii.
Wakarimasen. (Understand+not, -sen=not)
Sore wa nan desu ka? (That concerning
what be question?)
Ikura desu ka? (How+much be question?)
Sore wa hoshii desu. (That concerning
desire be. Japanese uses “that” in place of
“it.”)
Kudasai. (Koodahsī.)
Arigatoo. (Kekkoo desu = No thanks.)
Otoire wa doko desu ka?
Sayonara.
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, it
we, you (plural), they,
already, see, go, come, day,
up, down, road, street
with, from, one, good,
man, and, or,
woman,
food, water, to, house,
word, because,
much, cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe
money, book
anata, watashi, kare, kanoja, sore
wareware/watashitachi, anatatachi, karera
sude ni, mimasu, ikimasu, kimasu, hi
ue, shita, michi, toori,
to isshi ni, kare, ichi, yoi/ii,
otoko no hito, soshite (for sentences)/to (for
words), josei/onna,
tabemono/shokumotsu, omizu, e, ie,
kotoba, nazenaraba,
taihen, samui, de nai/shinai, atsui,
hai, iie, tabun
okane, hon
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then
regularly from time to time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your
pronunciation. Later you can add some more words and grammar. To make your
practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on index cards then use
them to play easy card games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards.
You can also draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_phrases_in_different_languages
SURVIVAL
MANDINKA/MANDIGO – AN
AFRICAN LANGUAGE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
ENGLISH-ESPAÑOL-MANDINKA/MANDINGO
Mandinka is spoken in West Africa (Gambia, Mali...). There are dialects. It has a high and low tone.
Mandinka se habla en Africa del Oeste (Gambia, Mali...). Hay dialectos. Tiene tono alto y tono bajo.
Where is the bathroom?
left, right, straight
How much money?
What is that?
I want more.
I don't speak much.
You understand?
Donde esta el baño?
izquierda, derecha, todo derecho
Cuanto dinero?
Que es esto?
Quiero mas.
No hablo mucho.
Entiende usted?
Kamo lee? (Bathroom where?)
maraa, bulubaa, tilinta/ñaato (straight/forward)
Jelu lemu/kodoo/koparoo?
Mung/Munne wo?
Naa lafita lankanyo. (I want extra.)
Naa buka diyaamu fo
I/Nga fahaamu?
food and water,
man, woman,
house, town,
road, river,
good, big,
one, two
go, see
name
down, already
from
hello, goodbye
please, thanks
comida y agua,
hombre, mujer,
casa, pueblo
camino, rio
bueno, grande,
uno, dos
ir, ver
nombre
abajo, ya
de
buenos dias, adios
domorifengo/domoroo ning duuroo/jiyo
kee/kewo, musoo
bungo, saatee
siloo, baa
betoo, baa/kanango/wara
killing, fula
taa, jiibee/je
too
duuma, fokabang/muumeeke
bulu...
ineke,
por favor, gracias
dukare, abaraka
LEARN MORE
http://www.africanculture.dk/gambia/ftp/mandinka.pdf
http://www.africanculture.dk/gambia/ftp/mandgram.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandinka_language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Epson291/List_of_common_phrases_in_various_l
anguages#Mandinka.28Mande.29_.28Congo-Niger.29
THE MAYA
LANGUAGE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
Nearly one million people still speak Maya as a first language in
southern Mexico and Central America. Most also speak Spanish, but
for a few it is their only language. There are different dialects, but the
largest dialect is that of the Yucatan region, and is sometimes called
Yukatek.
Casi un millon de personas todavia hablan maya como primer lengua en
Mexico del Sur y CentroAmerica. La mayoria hablan español tambien,
pero para pocas es su sola lengua. Hay dialectos diferentes pero el
dialecto mas grande es la del Yucatan, y a veces se llama Yukatek.
The usual word order is Verb-Object-Subject (See-Him-I.) although
Verb-Subject-Object can also occur (See I him.) Adjectives are before
nouns.
El orden normal es Verbo-Objecto-Subjecto (Veo-lo-yo.) aunque VerboSubjecto-Objecto puede ocurrir tambien. (Veo yo lo.) Los adjectivos
estan antes de los sustantivos.
Plurals can be formed in different ways. However –ob and sometimes –i
are common. Verbs have many forms.
Los plurales se puede formar de varios modos. Sin embargo –ob y a
veces –i son comunes. Los verbos tienen muchas formas.
ENGLISH-MAYA ... INGLES-MAYA
PRONUNCIATION: X=she, ‘=aspiration or in other words
the sound of H; a doubled vowel means it is the same
vowel but pronounced longer
A*
a
a little
able to
after
again
allow
already
also
although
and
at
not used but you may substitute the word “one”
hun p’iit or hump'iit
pahtal
tu lak’in
tu ka teem, ka teen
chaik
tanili
xan
kex
tun, yetel
ti
B*
baby
back of
bad
bath, bathe
bean, beans
beautiful
beauty
because, by means of
behind
big
bird
blue/ green
boy
butterfly
buy
chaanpal
pa’achil, tu pach
lob
ichkíil
buul
kíichpan
hatsutsil
tumen, tuolal, tiolal
pa’achil, tu pach
nohoch, nuuk
ch’iich’
yáax
xibpal
x-pepen
maan, maanik
C*
can, be possible
cat
páahtal
mis
child
cloud
come (you come)
come
cool (adj.)
corn
corn field or milpa
paal
muyal, tok
ko’oten
taal
siis
xiim
kool
D*
day
difficult
do
dog
door
drink
k’iin
talam
beetik
pek’
honah
uk’ul, uk’ik
E*
each
earth
east
eat
enough
eye
sansaama
chab, lu’um
lak’in, lik'in
k’ux, hanal, hantik
ya'ab
ich
F*
far
fast, quick
fat
father
fire
first
fish (noun)
flower
food
foot, my foot
for
friend (mine)
frog
from
naach
séeb
polok
taat
k'ak', k'ak'is
yáax, taanil
chai, kay
nic te’
haanal, o’och
ok, in wok
utial
in laak
much
ti
G*
girl
give
go
god
good, very good
goodbye
Until tomorrow
Until later
green/blue
xchúupal
dza
bin, xíik
k’uh
uts, hatsutz
Not used. Instead use:
Taak saamal
Taak tu lakin
yáax
H*
hand
happiness
have
not have
he
help
Help me!
head
heart
hello
k’ab
ki’imak ool, óolal
yaan ti
mina’an ti
u; leti’
áantik
Aanteni!
pol
ool
Not used. Use: What do you say?
Ba’ax ka wa’alik?
here
waye'
hill
muul
his
u tial
horse
tziimin
hot
chokoh
house
nahil
how
bix
how much
bahúux
how many (things)
hai p’eel
how many (creatures) hak tuul
hunger
wii’
husband, my husband iicham, in wiicham
I*
I
if
important, big
teen; VERB+in, VERB+en
wáah
nohoch
in front of
inside
is
isn’t that right?
island
it
u tan
ich, ichil
yan
maasima’ ?
peten
VERB+i, VERB+e; u
J*
jaguar
just now
b’alam
táan te
K*
kill
kiss (v, n)
know (someone)
know (something)
chimes
ts'u'uts'
k’ahool
ohel, (often wohel)
L*
lake
language
later, until later
learn
left (direction)
leg
let’s or let's go
let’s (all)
lie, untruth
lie (tell untruth)
listen (verb)
listen!
‘
little
look for
love (n)
love (v)
nab’
t’aan
ka’ka’te, ta'ak tu la'akin
kanik
dziik
káan, okil
ko’ox
kone’ex
tus
tusik
‘u’uyik
u’uyeh
chan
kaxan
yaah
yaakun, yaakuntik
M*
make (something)
man
many
maybe
meentik
uinik, máak
yáab
wale’
mine (not yours)
monkey
moon
more than
mother
mouth
much, too much
must, I must
my
in tial
tuucha’, xchango
u
maas ti’
na’
chi’
ya'ab
yaan, yaan in
in
N*
name
What is your name?
My name is John.
near
need, I need
neither, nor
new
no
north
nose
k’áaba
Bix a k’aaba ?
John in k’aaba.
naats'
k’abeet, k’abeet ten
mix
tumben
ma’
xaman
ni’
O*
okay
old
old person
on top of
one
only
outside
over there
over, on top of
ma’alob
uchben
nuxib (M), (x)nuuk (F)
yok’, yok’ol
hun
chen
tankab
teelo’
yok’ol
P*
pain
pain (sharp pain)
paint (v)
pig
place (n.)
plant (v)
yah
kinaam
boon
keek’en
kahal
pak'
poor
problem
pretty
previously
pyramid
óotzil
toop
kíichpan
ka’chi
muul
R*
rain
read
relatives
right away
river
road
rock
ha’
xóok
laako'ob
séeb
hai-ha, bekan
bel
tunich
S*
sad
say
sea
see
she
show (v)
sick
sing
sister
skin (n)
sky
sleep
slowly
so
soon
soup
star
stay
storm
story
sun
swim
ok ol
alik, alah, almah, alab/ale
kanab
il, ilik
VERB+i, VERB+e; u
e’est, e’estik
koha’an
kai
kiik
oot'
chaan
wenel
cháam beelil
béey
séeb, háan
ya’ach
ek’
p’áatal
chich íik
tsikbal
k’íin
baab
T*
today
tomorrow
town, village
tree
turtle
two
Dios bo’otik (God pays), the word Dios is
Spanish.
lelo’
beyo’
this word is not used but “that” or “this”
may be substituted
VERB+oob
baaxal
lela’
beya’
óox, ox
ka’anan
ti (whether “to” or “from” is meant may
be determined by context)
behla(e)
sáamal
kah
che’
‘áak
ka, ka p’el, ka tul
U*
under
up
yaanal, yanil
k’aana
V*
very
hach
thank you
that
that way
the
they
thing
this
this way
three
tired
to, at, from
W*
walk
want
we
welcome
you’re welcome:
what
when
where
who
why
with
xan
k’áat
VERB+oon; c’
You are welcome. Mixba’al.
baax
baaxkin
tuux – or less commonly: tuun
maax
báaxten
yetel
without
write
Y*
year
yes
yesterday
you
you (plural)
xma
dzíibtik
haabil
Not used. Instead you can restate the sentence:
You want this? I want it.
holach
VERB+ech; a
aa (verb)eex
ESPAÑOL-MAYA ... SPANISH-MAYA
PRONUNCIACION: X = sy con la lengua mas alto y atras en la boca; ‘
indica aspiracion, es decir el sonido de j; ? aqui indica una oclusion
glotal; a menudo hay dos vocales identicales juntos y eso significa que
un vocal dura mas
DICCIONARIO ESPAÑOL-MAYA
A*
abajo de
adentro de
adios
Hasta mañana
Hasta luego
ahora mismo
alegria
amigo (mi amigo)
amor
amar
aprender
aqui
arriba
arriba de, encima
atras de
aunque
ayudar
Socorro!
azul/verbe
yaanal
‘ichi
No usado. En lugar de eso use:
Taak saamal
Taak tu lakin
táan te
ki’imak ool, óolal
in laak
yaah
yaakun, yaakuntik
kanik
waye'
k’aana
yok’ol
pa’achi, pach
kex
áantik
Aanteni!
yáax
B*
bañar, bañarse
ichkíil
bastante, suficiente
ya'ab
bebe
chaanpal
beber
uk’ul, uk’ik
belleza
hatsutsil
besar, beso
ts'u'uts'
boca
chi’
bueno, muy bueno/bien uts, hatsutz
buenos dias
besar, beso
boca
buscar
No usado. Use: Que dice?
Ba’ax ka wa’alik?
ts'u'uts'
chi’
kaxan
C*
caballo
cabeza
cada
cansado
cantar
calor...
camino
casa
cerdo
cercano
cielo
colina
comer
comida
comprar
corazon
cómo
conocer
cosa
la cosa, ello, lo
cúanto
cúantos (cosas)
cúantos (criaturas)
tziimin
pol
sansaama
ka’anan
kai
chokoh
bel
nahil
keek’en
naats'
kaana’
muul
hanal, hantik
haanal, o’och
maan, maanik
ool
bix
k’ahool
baaxal
VERB+i, VERB+e; u
bahuux
hai p’eel
hai tuul
CH*
chiquito
chan
D*
dar
De nada.
decir
dejar, permitir
despacio
dza
Mixba’al.
a’al, a’alik
chaik
chaam beelil
despues de
dia
dificil
dolor
dolor (terrible))
donde
dos
tu lak’in
k’iin
talam
yah
kinaam
tu’ux – or less commonly: tu’un
ka, ka p’el, ka tul
E*
él
ella
ellos
en el pasado
en frente de
enfermo
es
escribir
escuchar
escuchelo!
eso, ese
de ese manera
esposo, mi esposo
escuchar
escuchelo!
esto
de este manera
u; leti’
VERB+i, VERB+e; u
VERB+oob
ka’chi
u tan
koha’an
yan
dzíibtik
‘u’uyik
u’uyeh
lelo’
beyo’
iicham, in wiicham
‘u’uyik
u’uyeh
lela’
beya’
F*
flor
fresco
nic te’
siis
G*
gato
gordo
gracias
grande
mis
polok
Dios bo’otik (Dios paga)
nohoch, nuuk
H*
hacer
hacer, fabricar
beetik
meentik
hambriento
hermana
hermoso
historia
hoy
hombre
hombre, persona
I*
importante, grande
inmediatamente
ir
izquierda
wii’
kiik
kíichpan
tsikbal
behla(e)
uinik, máak
uinik, máak
nohoch
séeb
bin, xíik
dziik
J*
K*
L*
leer
lejos
lingua
lugar
xóok
naach
t’aan
kahal
LL*
lluvia
ha’
M*
madre
mano
mañana
mas que
mas tarde, luego
muchos
maiz
malo
mentira
mentir
milpa
mio (no lo suyo/tuyo)
mono, chango
mio
na’
k’ab
sáamal
maas ti’
ka’ka’te, ta'ak tu la'akin
yáab
xiim
k’as
tus
tusik
kool
in tial
tuucha’
in tial
mono, chango
mostrar
mi
mucho, demasiado
muchos
muy
tuucha’
e’est, e’estik
in
ya'ab
yáab
hach
N*
nadar
baab
nariz
ni’
nombre
k’áaba
Como se llama?/Que es su nombre
Bix a k’aaba ?
Me llamo Juan. Mi nombre es Juan.
Juan in k’aaba.
necesitar, necesito
k’abeet, k’abeet ten
ni
mix
niña
xchúupal
niño
xiipal
niño/niña
paal
nombre
k’áaba
Como se llama?
Bix a k’aaba ?
Me llamo Juan.
Juan in k’aaba.
no
ma’
norte
xaman
nosotros
VERB+oon; c’
nuevo
tumben
O*
oke
uno
oriente
otra vez, de nuevo
ma’alob
hun
lak’in, lik'in
tu ka teem, ka teen
P*
padre
pajaro
parientes
perro
pescado, pez
pie, mi pie
piel
taat
ch’iich’
laako'ob
pek’
kay
ok, in wok
oot'
pierna
pintar
piramide
plantar
pobre
poder (puedo ir)
por alla
por qué
porque
primero
problema
pronto
pueblo, villa
puerta
káan, okil
boon
muul
pak'
óotzil
páahtal
teelo’
báaxten
tumen, beiho’
yáax, taanil
toop
seeb, háan
kah
honah
Q*
quedar
querer
quien
p’áatal
k’áat
máax
R*
rapido, rapidamente
roca, piedra
séeb
tunich
S*
saber (something)
si (voy si puedo)
sí
sol
solamente
sopa
su (de él)
ohel, (often wohel)
wáah
No usado, pero puede decir la frase de nuevo”
Necesita esto? Lo necesito.
k’íin
chen
ya’ach
u tial
T*
tal vez, quizas
tambien
tan
tener que (tengo que)
tener
wale’
xan
beey
yaan, yaan in
yaan ti
no tener
tierra
tormenta
tortuga
tres
tu, usted
U*
un
mina’an ti
lu’um
chich íik
‘áak
óox, ox
VERB+ech; a
un poco
usted, tu
ustedes, vosotros
not usado pero puede sustituyer “uno”
“one”
hun p’iit or hump'iit
VERB+ech; a
aa (verb)eex
V*
vamos
vamonos
venir
venir (usted viene)
ver
verde/azul
verdad?
viejo (cosa)
viejo (persona)
vamos
vamonos
ko’ox
kone’ex
taal
ko’oten
il, ilik
yáax
maasima’ ?
uchben
nuxib (M), (x)nuuk (F)
ko’ox
kone’ex
W*
Y*
y
ya
yo
tun, yetel
tanili
teen; VERB+in, VERB+en
LEARN MORE
http://www.mostlymaya.com/yucatec_maya_intro_.htm
http://www.mostlymaya.com/EnglishMayan.html
http://www.famsi.org/reports/96072/grammar/index.html
ANCIENT MAYA
http://research.famsi.org/mdp/mdp_index.php
http://www.famsi.org/reports/96072/index.html
http://www.famsi.org/research/bolles/grammar/index.html
BASIC PILIPINO
Pilipino or Tagalog is spoken by about 50 million people as a first or second language. About 900,000
speak it in the United States including Hawaii and California, making it the sixth most spoken language in
the U.S. It is related to Indonesian and includes many words borrowed from Spanish. The typical word
order is Verb-Subject-Object. Descriptive adjectives precede nouns. To make a noun plural put mga
before the noun. Ang means “the” but can also be left out because understood from context. The verb “to
be” is not used but understood, so “The house is big” can be expressed as “House big.” The word “po” can
be put in a sentence to express respect for the person being spoken to, so may be thought of as meaning
“sir” or “ma’am.”
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
Kumusta./Mabuhay.
Ano ang pangalan mo?
Nagsasalita ka ba ng Ingles?
Kaunti lang.
Hindi (Hihn-dih) ko maitindihan.
Ano iyon? (That what?)
Magkano?
iyon. (I+want it.)
Pakisuyo.
Salamat.
Asan/Nasaan (po) ang banyo?
Paalam./Sige.
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she,
we, they,
already, see, go, come, say, day,
up, down, road, street, money,
with, from, one, good,
man, and, or, woman,
food, water, to, house,
word, because, pero
much, cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe, name, language,
where, what, bathroom, English
want, understand, speak
this, that, here, there
1, 2, 3, left, right
later, yesterday, now
big, little, sick
ako, ikaw (fam.)/kayo (pl, pol.), siya, siya
tayo (inclusive)/kami (exclusive), sila
na, makita, pumunta, dumating, sabi, araw,
pataas, pababâ, daan, lansagan, pera,
kay, taga, isa/uno, mabuti/mabait,
lalaki, at, o, babae,
luku-luko, tubig, sa/patungo, bahay/tahanan,
salitâ, kasi, pero
marami, malamig, hindî, mainit,
oo, hindî, bakâ, ngalan, salitâ
kailan, ano, banyo, Ingles
gusto, maintindihan, magsalitâ,
ito, iyan/iyon, dito, diyan/doon,
isa/uno, dalawa/dos, tatlo/tres, kaliwa, kanan
mamaya, kahapon, ngayon,
malaki, maliit/munti, maysakit
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then regularly
from time to time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your pronunciation. Later you
can add some more words and grammar. To make your practice fun, you can write some of the
words and phrases on index cards then use them to play easy card games such as Grab,
Concentration or Match The Cards. You can also draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
http://linguanaut.com/english_tagalog
http://www.foreignword.com/dictionary/Tagalog/
BASIC POLISH
Polish is spoken by about 38 million people in Poland. There are about 10 million
Polish-Americans some of whom speak the language. PRONUNCIATION HELPS:
ą =nasalized ah/ma; c=ts/its, ć=chat, cz=ch; dz=j/jet; ę=eh/pet nasalized; j=y/yes; ł =
womb; ść=shch/freshcherries, sz=sh/she; w=v; ż=zh/treasure. The ~ mark is used
here to show that a preceding vowel is nasalized.
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. I want it.
8. How much?
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
I, you, he, she, we,
they, already, see, go,
come, day, up, road,
with, from, one, good,
man, and, or, woman,
food, water, to, house,
language, word
because, much, cold, not, hot
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Dzień dobry. (Jehn Dohbree.)
2. Jak masz na imię? (Yahk mahsh nah
eemyeh?)
3. Czy mówisz po Angielsku? (Chih
moovihsh poh anggyehlskoo?)
4. Troszkę
5. Nie rozumiem. (Nye rozoomyem.)
6. Co tamten jest? (Tsoh tahmtehn yehst?
What that+there it+is/is+it?)
7. Poproszę to.
8. Ile? (Eeleh?)
9. Proszę. (Prohsheh~.)
10. Dziękuję. (Jehnkooyeh~.)
11. Gdzie jest toaleta? (Guhjeh yehst
twahlehtah?
12. Pa. (Pah.)
SOME EXTRA WORDS
ja, pan, on, ona, my
oni, już, zobaczyć/widzieć, iść
przyjść, dzień, góra, droga,
z, od, jeden, dobry,
człowiek, i, lub, kobieta,
żywność, woda, do, dom,
język, słowo,
ponieważ, dużo, zimno, nie, gorący
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then
regularly from time to time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your
pronunciation. Later you can add some more words and grammar. To make your
practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on index cards then use them
to play easy card games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards. You can also
draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
LEARN MORE
http://wikitravel.org/en/Polish_phrasebook
http://www.ectaco.co.uk/English-Polish-Dictionary/
http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/tlumacz.html
http://www.funbooklets.com
QUECHUA (INCAN)
Quechua, the language of the ancient Incas, is still spoken by about ten million
people in South America. It is an official language along with Spanish in Peru and
Bolivia although there are few publications in the language. The word order is
subject-object-verb. There are different dialects. The words below are more like
those heard closer to Cusco.
PRONUNCIATION: a=pa, e=let, i=see, o=no, u=tune, k”= as in English but much
more emphasis, having a clicked sound to it; k” is a k clicked within not the mouth
but the throat; kh=strong sound of ch in Scottish loch or German ach.
PRONUNCIACION: Los vocales igualan los de espanol pero k’ se pronucian con
mucho mas enfasis es decir con el sonido de h
ENGLISH QUECHUA/INCAN
again
mosohmanta, wiltamanta
already
nya
also
ima
and
=wan, -yok”
animal
uiwa
domesticated
baby
wawa
because
imaraikachus
become
kutipui
below
ura
big
hatun
black
yana
can (able)
atiy
cat
michi, misi
child
wawa
come
hamui
corn
sara
day
p’unchai
(also “dia” from Spanish)
SPANISH/ESPANOL
de nuevo, otra vez
ya
tambien
y
animal
domesticado
nino
porque
hacerse, llegar a ser
abajo
grande
negro
poder (puedo....)
gato
nino
venir
maiz
dia
dead
wanyuska
muerto
die
wanyupui
morir
dog
alk”o
perro
don’t!
ama
no!
ear
ninri, rinri
oreja, oido
eye
nyawi
ojo
fast
asllamanta
rapido
father
taita
padre
food
mikhuna
comida
foot
chaki
pie
girl (young) imilla
nina
girl (older)
nyust’a
muchacha
go
ripui, rii
ir
God
dyos, apu
dios
(Dyos is in the Christian sense; apu is in the sense of traditional god or gods)
gold
k”ori
oro
good
allin, kusa, sumaj, walej
bueno
green
k”omer
verde
hand
maki
mano
he
pai
el (El es mi amigo)
help
yanapai
ayudar
here
kai
aqui
house
wasi
casa
how much? maik’a?
cuanto?
I
nok”a, nok”a
yo
it
pai
la cosa, ello
kill
wanyuchi
matar
love (verb)
munakui
amar
make (create) ruwai
hacer (creer)
man
k”a’ri, hruna
hombre
many
ashka
muchos
money
k”olk”e
dinero
moon
kilya
luna
more
aswan
mas
mother
mama
madre, mama
mountain
urk”u
montana
much
ancha
mucho
name
suti
nombre
need
mistai
necesitar
no
manan
no
not
manan...chu (= not ... at all) no (No voy)
now
nya
ahora
one
uj
uno
river
mayu
rio
road
nyan
camino
(or a path)
(o sendero)
rock
rumi
see
rikui
she
pai
sick
onk”osk”a
snow
hriti
speak
parlai
sun
mayu
that
(an)chai
there
chaipi (there + at)
this
kai
three
kinsa
time
kuti
tooth
kiru
tree
sach’a
truth
chek”ai
two
iskai
under
ura
want (desire) munai
water
unu, ya, yaku
we
nyok”anchis
(including speaker)
we
nyok”aiku
(not including the speaker)
what
ima
what did
hai?
you say?
when?
maik’aj
where
maipin
white
yuraj
why?
imaraiku?
woman
warmi
yes
ari
you
k”an
roca
ver
ella
enfermo
nieve
hablar
sol
eso
alli
esto
tres
tiempo (hora)
diente
tree
verdad
dos
abajo de
querer
agua
nosotros
(incluyendo el hablador)
nosotros
(no incluyendo el hablador)
que
que me dijo?
cuando?
donde
blanco
por que?
mujer
si (Si, senor.)
tu, usted
LEARN MORE
A Compendium Of The World's Langauges. George L. Campbell. Routledge.
London, NY. 1991.
Dictionnaire de la langue Nahuatl. Sieon Remi. Graz, Austria. 1965.
Quechua Phrasebook. Ronald Wright. Lonely Planet. Oakland. 1989. This is for
the Quechua language as it is used in Ecuador, not Bolivia or Peru.
http://members.tripod.com/~jlancey/Peda/Quecfran.htm
http://www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechua
http://www.adilq.com.ar/vocabu.htm
BASIC RUSSIAN
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
Russian has about 160 million native speakers in Russia across Europe and Asia;
possibly 285 million worldwide including many in nations next to Russia. It is
written with the Cyrillic alphabet but, to make learning it easier, here it is in the
Roman alphabet. PRONUNCIATION: kh=a sound like the clearing of the throat
or the kh in Scottish loch or German ach.
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
Preevyeht. (informal similar to Hi.)
Kahk vahs zahvoot? (How yourself
you+call?
Vwi gahvahreetyeh pah an-GLEE-skee?
(You speak upon/in English?)
Nyih muhnohgah. (Not much.)
Yah nyeh pahneemīyoo. (I not/don’t
understand.)
Shtoh toht? (What that?)
Skohlkah?
Khahchoo toht. (I+want that/it.)
Puhzhahlstah.
Spahseebah.
Guhdyeh tooahlyeht?
Pahkah. (informal similar to Bye.)
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, we,
they, already, see, go,
come, day,
up, down
road, street
with, from, one, good,
man, and, or, woman,
food, water, to, house,
language, word
because, much,
yah, vwee, ohn, ahnah, mwee
ohnee, oozheh, veedyeht, eedtee
preekhohdeet, dyehn,
vyuhvyehrkh, vuhneez
duhrohgah, ooleetsah
vuh, eez, ahdeen, khahrohshee
chihlohvyehk, ee, eelee, zhenshcheenah
peeshchah, vahdah, kuh, dohm
yahzeek, slohvah
pahtahmoo shtoh, muhnohgah
cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe
khahlohdnee, nyeht, zhahrkee
dah, nyeht, mohzhet beet
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then
regularly from time to time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your
pronunciation. Later you can add some more words and grammar. To make your
practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on index cards then use
them to play easy card games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards.
You can also draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
BASIC SWAHILI
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:HansomeLion_002.jpg
Swahili is spoken by about 40 million east Africans in nations such as Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda,
Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, northern Tanzania and Mozambique.
SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
Jambo. (Jahmboh.)
Jina lako ni nani? (Jeenah lahkoh nee nahnee?
Name your is what?
Wasema kiingereza? (You+speak the+English?)
Kidogo. (Keedohgoh.)
Sifahamu. (Seefah-hah-moo.)
Yula ni gani? (That is what+kind?)
Bei gani? (Bay gahnee? What+type value?)
Namtaka (I+it+want.)
Tafadhali.
Ahsante.
Choo/msalani ni wapi? (Bathroom is where?)
Kwaheri.
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, it
we, you (pl), they,
already, see, go, come, day,
up, down, road, street
with, from,
one, good,
man, and, or, woman,
food, water, to, house,
word, because,
much, cold, not, hot
yes, no, maybe
what kind, where, this, that,
animal, lion, elephant, snake, crocodile,
bird, fish, cat, dog,
money, name, language
open, closed,
in the past, in the future, in the present, is/are
mimi/miye, wewe, yeye, yeye, yeye,
sisi, ninyi, wao
mesha, ona, enda, ja, mchana/siku
juu, chini, barabara, njia
na, toka
moja, sema/zuri
bwana, na, au/ama, nzuri
chakula, maji, kwa, beit
kalima, sababu
-ingi, baridi, si, moto
ndio, hapana/la
gani, wapi, hiki/huyu, yule,
wanyama, simba, tembo, nyoka, mamba,
ndege, samaki, paka, mbwa/kelb,
pesa/fedha, jina, lisani
wazi, imefungwa,
li, ta, na, ni
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for two or three days then regularly from time to
time. Focus on improving the clarity and speed of your pronunciation. Later you can add some more
words and grammar. To make your practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on index
cards then use them to play easy card games such as Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards. You can
also draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets.
http://www.yale.edu/swahili/
http://www.tourtokenya.com/tour-to-kenya/swahili-phrases.html
SWAHILI WORDFIND
hello=jambo, goodbye=kwaheri, please=tafadhali, thanks=ahsante, howmuch=beigani,
man=bwana, woman=nzuri, where=wapi, you=wewe, food=chakula, water=maji, one=moja
V
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BASIC TURKISH
wikipedia.org
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
About 75 million people speak Turkish. Many millions speak
related languages from Turkey into Central Asia. Word order
is Subject-Object-Verb; adjectives go before nouns;
prepositions are postpositions meaning they go after their
object: “two from” instead of “from town.” One common
plural ending is –ler. Here ç=ch, c=ch but is sharper
resembling j as in jet; ğ=the glottal stop meaning a slight
pause; ı=uh as in hut, ü=a vowel made by keeping your lips
tightly rounded while saying ee as in beet;
TURKISH SURVIVAL PHRASES
1. Hello.
2. What is your name?
3. Do you speak English?
4. A little.
5. I don’t understand.
6. What is that?
7. How much?
8. I want it.
9. Please.
10. Thanks.
11. Where is a bathroom?
12. Goodbye.
Selam. (Peace.)/Merhaba. (Sehlahm. Peace.
Mehrhahbah.)
Adın ne? (Ahduhn neh? Name what?)
İnglizce konuşabilirmisiniz? (Eengleeztseh
konooshahbeeleermeeseeneez? English
you+speak?
Biraz./Nebze. (Beerahz. Nehbzeh.)
Anlamıyorum. (Ahnlahmuhyouroom.)
Şu, nedir? (Shoo neh? That what?)
Kaç para? (Kahch pahrah? How+much
money?)/Ne kadar? (Neh kahdahr? What
price?)
Ben onu istiyorum.
Lütfen.
Teşekkür ederim!/Mersi.
(Tehrshekkür ehdehreem./Mehrsee.
Banyo/Tuvalet nerede? (Bathingroom/Toilet
where?)
Allahaısmarladık (Said by person leaving;
Ahlah-ha-uhs-mahrlahduhk.) Güle güle (said
by person staying)
SOME EXTRA WORDS
I, you, he, she, we, you (all), they,
understand, speak, see, come, go
do/make, work, want, eat, buy
up, down, with, from, to, inside
one, two, three, good, more
and, or, but, because, if, for
man, woman, plant, animal, cat, dog
food, water, to, house, town, road, street
word, sound, music, day, time
much, not, fast, future, past, already
again, also, possible
yes, no, maybe, this, that, big, little
Stop! One way! Exit! Entrance!
sun, moon, star, wind, rain
fruit, apple, banana, lemon, orange, cherry
money, toilet, room, building
school, pencil, paper, book, chair
mountain, river, snow, tree, flower, grass
nation, border, army, war, peace
government, science, history, art, math
ben, sen, on, on, biz, siz, onlar
anlamak, konuşmak, görmek, gelmek, gitmek
yapmak, çalışmak, istemek, yemek, almak
yukarı, aşağıya doğru, ile, den, e, içinde
bir, iki, üç, iyi, daha çok
ve, veya, fakat/ama, çünkü, eğer, için
adam, kadın, bitki, hayvan, kedi, köpek
yiyecek, su, e, ev, kent/şehiryol, sokak
kelime, ses, müzik, gün, zaman
çok,, değil, çabuk, geçecek şekilde, gelecek, zaten
tekrar, de, mümkündür
evet, hayır, belki, bu, şu, büyük, küçük
Dur! Tek Yon! Cikis! Giris!
güneş, ay, yıldız, rüzgâr, rahmet,
meyve, elma, muz, limon, portakal, kiraz
para, kitap, tuvalet, oda, bina
okul, kurşunkalem, kâğıt, kitap, andâlye
dağ, nehir, kar, ağaç, çiçek, ot
millet/ulus, kenar, ordu, savaş, barış
hükümet, bilim, tarih, sanat, matematik
big, hot, cold, easy, sick, tired
pretty, smart, fat, crazy, nice
what, where, how, why
thing, type, something
grammar, accent, pronunciation
business, price, economy, stock
büyük, sıcak, soğuk, basit, hasta, yorgun
güzel, zeki, şişman, çıldırmış, hoş,
ne, nerede, nasıl, neden
şey, tip, bir şey
gramer, aksan, telâffuz,
faaliyet, fiyat, ekonomi,
ACTIVITIES
Practice the pronunciation of the words and phrases a lot for
two or three days then regularly from time to time. Focus on
improving the clarity and speed of your pronunciation. Later
you can add some more words and grammar. To make your
practice fun, you can write some of the words and phrases on
index cards then use them to play easy card games such as
Grab, Concentration or Match The Cards. You can also
draw then fill in simple Bingo sheets as shown on the following
page.
http://www.turkishlanguage.co.uk/pf.htm
http://linguanaut.com/english_turkish
TURKISH VOCABULARY CARD
GAME
Make copies of this card then use Edit to reposition the pictures and words to make
additional cards for a game similar to Bingo.
cat
dog
house
man
woman
book
pencil
mountain
city
star
sun
moon
ball
bird
dress
fish
ship
astronaut
fish
hat
rain
snow
train
grasshopper
deer
photo sources: wikipedia.org, loc.gov, pdphoto.org
SURVIVAL WOLOF – AN AFRICAN
LANGUAGE
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
ENGLISH-ESPAÑOL-WOLOF
Wolof is mostly spoken in Senegal and Gambia in Western Africa. Here X resembles the sound of
Scottish loch or German ach, a raspy clearing of the throat; Ñ is as with canyon; C=chin
Wolof se habla en Senegal y Gambia en Africa del Oeste. Aqui X se parece al sonido de x en Quixote
como se pronuncia es españa, es decir un sonido hecho por el carraspear de la garganta; C=China
Where is the bathroom? Donde esta el baño?
Fan la wanag am? (Where which+thing toilet
having/existing? Donde lo+cual baño
teniendo/existiendo)
left, right, straight
How much money?
What is that?
I want more.
I don't speak much.
You understand?
izquierda, derecha, todo derecho
Cuanto dinero?
Que es esto?
Quiero mas.
No hablo mucho.
Entiende usted?
caamoñ, ndeyjoorm, taali
Jolu/Ñata xaalis?
Lele lan la? (That what is?)
Dama/Man bugga beneem/doo.
Dama/Man deédeét laaka barr/fo.
I/Danga/Yow déega?
food and water,
man, woman,
house, town,
road, river,
be good, be big,
one, two
go, see, do
name
down, already
from
hello, goodbye
comida y agua,
hombre, mujer,
casa, pueblo
camino, rio
ser bueno, ser grande,
uno, dos
ir, ver, hacer
nombre
abajo, ya
de
buenos dias, adios
please, thanks
yes, no
por favor, gracias
si, no
cin/ñaam nag/te ndox
nit, jigéen
kër, dekka
mbedda/yoon, dex
neex, réy
bena ñaar
dem, xool/giss, def
bori/faatu
suufe, jéeg
...la (after the noun); before noun: kanam...
Asalaam alikum, jamma ak jamma
(peace with peace ... paz con paz)
ban/lel, jërëjëf
wau, dedet
Word Order: Subject+Object+Verb: I man am. Children I see.
Orden De Palabras: Subjecto+Objecto+Verbo: Yo hombre veo. Niños yo veo.
LEARN MORE
http://www.multilingualbooks.com/onlinedicts-african.html#hausa
http://www.africanculture.dk/gambia/ftp/wolfgram.pdf
http://www.bcconline.org/wolof/Language/Wolof%20Language%20Guide.htm
http://www.chez.com/afroweb/wolo_frm.htm
SUPER-DICTIONARY A-Z
SUPER-DICCIONARIO A-Z
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson
The following languages are English, Spanish, French,
German, Japanese and Indonesian. Later pronunciation
information will be included.
a
un, una
un, une
ein...
again
de nouveau
wieder
and
are
de nuevo;
otra vez
y
son
et
sont
und
sind
at
a, en
a, en
zu
be
be (located
at)
because
become
ser
estar
être
sein
sein
parce que
denn
werden
big
but
porque
hacerse;
llegar a ser
grande
pero
grand
mais
gross
aber
can
poder
pouvoir
können
(not used or
substitute
“one”)
mô ichido
(not used or
substitute
“one”)
lagi
to; soshite
desu (A =
B); arimasu
(=is/are
located at)
okeru; oite;
atto
desu
arimasu; aru
dan
(not used
although ada
is possible)
nazenara
narimasu;
naru
ôkii; biggu
ga;
keredomo
dekimasu
karena
menjadi
di
ada
ada
besar
tetapi
bisa; dapat
child
come
day
die
niño
venir
dia
morir
enfant
venir
jour
mourir
Kind
kommen
Tag
sterben
do
hacer
fair
tun, machen
drink
beber
boire
drinken
ear
eat
oreja
comer
oreille
manger
Ohr
essen
excuse me
con permiso
excusez-moi
Endschuldigung
finish
terminar
finir
beenden
food
foot
for
from
give
comida
pie
para
de
dar
pied
pour
de
donner
Essen
Fuss
für
von
geben
go
good
hand
have
(possess)
he
hear
hello; hi;
what’s up?
ir
bueno
mano
tener
aller
bon
main
avoir
gehen
gut
Hand
haben
el
oír
buenos días;
hola
il
entendre
bon jour
er
hören
Guten Tag;
grüss Gott
her
su, de ella
son, sa
ihr
here
his
aquí, acá
su, de el
ici
son, sa; ses
hier
sein
house
how?
how (in
what way)?
how many?
casa
como?
cómo? de
cuál modo?
cuántos?,
cuántas?
maison
comment?
comme
Haus
wie?
wie?
combien?
wieviele?
kodomo
anak
kimasu; kuru
datang
hi; dei
hari
shinimasu;
mati
shinu
shimasu;
membuat
suru
nomimasu;
minum
nomu
mimi
telinga
tabemasu;
makan
taberu
Sumimasen
ma’af
ga
owarimasu;
berhenti
owaru
shokumotsu
makanan
ashi
kaki
no-tame-ni
untuk
kara
dari
agerimasu;
memberi
ageru;
kurerimasu;
kureru
ikimasu
pergi
yoi; ii
baik
te
tangan
mochimasu; mempunyai
katte imasu
anohito
dia
mimasu
mendengar
ohayoo
apa kabar?
gozaimasu
ka?
kanojo no
-nya; NOUN
then dia
koko
disini
anohito no -nya; NOUN
then dia
ie
rumah
dô; dôshite?
bagaimana
...de nan to?
bagaimana
ikutsu?
berapa
how many
people?
how much?
I
cuántas
personas?
cuánto?
yo
combien de
personnes?
combien?
je
wieviele
Leute?
wieviel?
ich
if
in
si
in
si
dans; en
wenn
in
ikura?
watashi;
watakushi
naraba
ni
is
es
est
ist
desu
know (a
fact)
live
saber
savoir
wissen
wakarimasu
vivir
vivre
leben
like (enjoy)
gustarse;
disfrutar
aimer
man
many
homme
beaucoup de
plus
plus
le plupart...
bouche
beaucoup
must
must not
hombre
muchos,
muchas
más
más de...
el más.....
boca
mucho;
mucha
tener que
no tener que
gern haben;
möchten;
wollen
Mann
viele
sumimasu;
sumu
suki desu
devoir
ne devoir
pas
name
need
nombre
necesitar
no
no
nomme
avoir besoin
de (to have
need of)
non
not
no
not much
now
no mucho
ahora
of
on
one
or
de
en
uno
o; u
more
more than
most
mouth
much
nannin?
berapa
orang?
berapa?
saya
jika
dalam;
didalam
ada (usually
left out)
mengetahui;
tahu
berhidup;
hidup
menyukai;
sukai
hito
takusan
orang lelaki
banyak
mehr
-er
-est
Mund
viel
mô
yori
ichiban ...
kuchi
takusan
lebih
lebih dari
terlebih
mulut
banyak
müssen
müssen ...
nicht (must
... not)
Name
brauchen
beki
wa ikemasen
mesti, harus
mesti tidak,
harus tidak
namae
irimasu; nido
nama
memperlui;
perlu
nein
iya
nicht
VERB+asen
tidak; tak;
tiada
bukan
maintenant
nicht viel
jetzt, nun
amari
ima
de
sur
un
ou
von
auf
eins
oder
POSSESSOR+no
ne...pas
(not...at all)
oite
ichi
matawa
tidak banyak
sekarang;
kini
dari
diatas
satu
atau
...or not?
...o no?
...ou non?
...oder
nicht?
...nicht
wahr?
Volk
... or is that
not true?
people
...verdad?
...n’ais pas?
gente.
personas
please
por favor
read
leer
gens,
personnes,
peuple
si’l vous
plais
lire
see
ver
voir
sehen
she
sit down
ella
sentárse
elle
s’asseoir
sie
sich setzen
sleep
dormir
dormir
schlafen
some (a
little bit
of...)
some (some
people)
somebody
something
un poco de
un peu
unos
alguien
algo
sometimes
...desu ne?
...benarlah?
minshuu; jin
bitte
kudasai
orang-orang;
rakyat;
manusia
silahkan
lesen
ein bisschen
yomimasu;
yomu
mimasu;
miru
kanojo
suwarimaus;
suwaru
nemasu;
nemu
sukoshi
membaca;
baca
melihat;
lihat
dia; ia
menduduk;
duduk
bertidur;
tidur
sedikit
quelques
einige
ikuraka
beberapa
jemand
etwas
manchmal
dareka
doreka;
nanika
tokidoki
siapa-apa
apa-apa
a veces
tel; on
quelque
chose
quelquefois
speak
hablar
parler
sprechen
hanashimasu
still yet
todavía
noch
mada
street
teach
calle
enseñar
tourjour
encore
rue
enseigner
kadangkadang
berbicara;
bicara
masih
Strasse
lehren
thanks
that
gracias
ese, esa
merci
ce, cet, cette
machi
oshiemasu;
oshieru
arigatou
sono
jalan
mengajar;
ajar
terima kasih
itu
that one
there
they
thing
this
eso, esa
allí; allá
ellos
cosa
este, esta
qui
lá
elles
chose
ce, cet, cette
sore
soko; asoko
karera
mono
kono
yang itu
disana
mereka
benda
ini
this one
este, esta
celui-ci
kore
yang ini
danke
jener, jene,
jenes; das
jener...
dort; da
sie
Sache, Ding
dieser,
diese, dieses
dieser...
...ka?
...bukan?
time
to (toward)
understand
up
very
want
water
we
what
when?
when
who?
who
why
with
woman
word
yes
you
tiempo
temps, heure
(hora)
a
vers; a
comprender,
entendre
entender
arriba
en haut
muy
très
querer
vouloir
agua
eau
nosotros
nous
qué?
que...?
cuándo?
quand?
cuando
quand
quén?
qui?
quien
qui
por qué
pourquoi
con
avec
mujer
palabra
si
tù; usted
femme
mot
oui
tu; vous
Zeit
toki
waktu
nach; zu
verstehen
e
wakarimasu
ke
mengerti
oben
sehr
wollen
Wasser
wir
was?
wann?
als
wer?
wer
warum
mit
ue
yohodo
...hoshi desu
mizu
watashitachi
...nani?
itsu?
itsuitsu
donata?
dare
doushite
motte;
totomoni
fujin
kotoba
hai
anata
keatas
sangat
mau
air
kami; kita
apa
kapan
ketika
siapa?
yang
kenapa
dengan
Frau
Wort
ja
du; Sie
wanita
kata
ya
kamu